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Ringleb M, Javelle F, Haunhorst S, Bloch W, Fennen L, Baumgart S, Drube S, Reuken PA, Pletz MW, Wagner H, Gabriel HHW, Puta C. Beyond muscles: Investigating immunoregulatory myokines in acute resistance exercise - A systematic review and meta-analysis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23596. [PMID: 38597350 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301619r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Myokines, released from the muscle, enable communication between the working muscles and other tissues. Their release during physical exercise is assumed to depend on immune-hormonal-metabolic interactions concerning mode (endurance or resistance exercise), duration, and intensity. This meta-analysis aims to examine the acute changes of circulating myokines inducing immunoregulatory effects caused by a bout of resistance exercise and to consider potential moderators of the results. Based on this selection strategy, a systematic literature search was conducted for resistance exercise intervention studies measuring interleukin (IL-) 6, IL-10, IL-1ra, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) α, IL-15, IL-7, transforming growth factor (TGF-) β1, and fractalkines (FKN) before and immediately after resistance exercise in healthy individuals. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for each myokine. We identified a moderate positive effect of resistance exercise for IL-6 and IL-1ra. Regarding IL-15 and TNF-α, small to moderate effects were found. For IL-10, no significant effect was observed. Due to no data, meta-analyses for IL-7, TGF-β1, and FKN could not be performed. No moderators (training status, type of exercise, risk of bias, age, sex, time of day, exercise volume, exercise intensity, exercise dose) of the results were detected for all tested myokines. Taken together, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed immediate positive effects of an acute resistance exercise session on IL-6, IL-1ra, TNF-α, and IL-15 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ringleb
- Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Prevention of Diseases related to Professional Activities, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Florian Javelle
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Haunhorst
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Prevention of Diseases related to Professional Activities, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Fennen
- Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Baumgart
- Institute for Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Drube
- Institute for Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp A Reuken
- Clinic for Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Institute for Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Heiko Wagner
- Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Holger H W Gabriel
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Puta
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Prevention of Diseases related to Professional Activities, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Maciejewska-Skrendo A, Tarnowski M, Kopytko P, Kochanowicz A, Mieszkowski J, Stankiewicz B, Sawczuk M. CCL2 Gene Expression and Protein Level Changes Observed in Response to Wingate Anaerobic Test in High-Trained Athletes and Non-Trained Controls. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9947. [PMID: 36011581 PMCID: PMC9408289 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intensive, acute exercise may bring a large systemic inflammatory response marked by substantial increases in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. One such chemokines-CCL2-is a key factor involved in inflammatory reaction to exercise. The direct aim of the study was to describe the changes in the CCL2 expression levels after anaerobic exercise in well-trained athletes adapted to long-term training and in non-trained participants. The expression of CCL2 mRNA was evaluated in peripheral blood MNCs and CCL2 protein level was observed in blood plasma. The changes were assessed as the response to an acute, intensive bout of exercise (Wingate Anaerobic Test) in two groups of participants: well-trained soccer players and non-trained individuals. An increase of CCL2 expression inn both mRNA and protein levels was observed. The response was greater in non-trained individuals and elevated levels of CCL2 transcripts persisted for more than 24 h after exercise. Well-trained individuals responded more modestly and the effect was attenuated relatively quickly. This shows muscular adaptation to a continuous training regime in well-trained individuals and better control of immune reactions to muscular injury. In non-training individuals, the induction of the inflammatory response was greater, suggesting presence of more serious myotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland or
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland or
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland or
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kopytko
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland or
| | - Andrzej Kochanowicz
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland or
| | - Jan Mieszkowski
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland or
| | - Błażej Stankiewicz
- Institute of Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-091 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Sawczuk
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland or
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland or
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Circulating nitrate-nitrite reduces oxygen uptake for improving resistance exercise performance after rest time in well-trained CrossFit athletes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9671. [PMID: 35690665 PMCID: PMC9188609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of circulating nitrate plus nitrite (NOx) concentrations on resistance exercise performance, VO2 and biomarkers of muscle damage. Eleven well-trained male CrossFit athletes (29.2 ± 3.7 years, 78.9 ± 5.4 kg, 175.1 ± 6.3 cm) carried out a resistance exercise test after drinking 140 mL of beetroot juice (BJ) or placebo. The test consisted of repeating the same resistance exercise routine twice: wall ball shots plus full back squat with 3-min rest (1st routine) or without rest (2nd routine) between the two exercises. Higher NOx plasma levels were verified after BJ than placebo in the pretest and post-test (p < 0.001). A higher number of repetitions was observed after BJ intake compared to placebo in the full back squat exercise during the first routine (p = 0.004). A significantly reduced VO2 was detected after BJ intake compared to placebo during rest and full back squat execution in the first routine (p < 0.05). Plasma myoglobin concentrations were significantly increased with BJ compared to placebo (p = 0.036). These results showed that plasma NOx levels reduced VO2 after BJ intake during rest time. These reduced VO2 was a key factor for improving full back squat performance during the first routine.
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Dos Santos Haber JF, Chagas EFB, Barbalho SM, Sgarbi JA, Haber RSDA, de Labio RW, Payão SLM. Level of physical activity and gene expression of IL-10 and TNF-α in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108104. [PMID: 34924277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The gene expressions of IL-10 and TNF-α have been identified as important factors of the clinical condition in type I diabetes mellitus (DM1). However, the effect of physical exercise on the expression of these markers is poorly understood. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between the level of physical activity (LPA) and the gene expressions of IL-10 and TNF-α, as the relationship with glycemic control and insulin reserve in children and adolescents with DM1. METHODS 108 participants (1-23 years), were divided into 4 groups: DM1 with ketoacidosis (KETO) (n = 15); Decompensated DM1 (DM1d) (n = 32); Compensated DM1 (DM1c) (n = 30); and healthy control (C) (n = 30). The level of physical activity (LPA) was classified as low active, active, and very active. So evaluated Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, C-peptide, and gene expressions of IL-10 and TNF-α. RESULTS The increase in the level of physical activity significantly affected the expression of TNF-α in the DMd and C groups. The increase in LPA from low to active reduced the gene expression of IL-10; however, the increase in NAF from active to very active was associated with an increase in IL-10 gene expression. A very active LPA contributes to reducing HbA1c and an increase in C-peptide in the KETO group. CONCLUSION The increase in LPA demonstrated a significant effect on the improvement of IL-10 and TNF-α gene expression in the KETO and DMd groups; however, in the KETO group, improvements were also observed in the percentage of HbA1C and C-peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesselina Francisco Dos Santos Haber
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Higino Muzzi Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Center on Diabetes (CENID) - UNIMAR, Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas
- Interdisciplinary Center on Diabetes (CENID) - UNIMAR, Marília, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation - UNIMAR, Marília, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate of Health and Aging Program, Faculdade de Medicina de Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Higino Muzzi Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Center on Diabetes (CENID) - UNIMAR, Marília, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation - UNIMAR, Marília, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jose Augusto Sgarbi
- Postgraduate of Health and Aging Program, Faculdade de Medicina de Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Santos De Argollo Haber
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Higino Muzzi Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger William de Labio
- Postgraduate of Health and Aging Program, Faculdade de Medicina de Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Spencer Luiz Marques Payão
- Postgraduate of Health and Aging Program, Faculdade de Medicina de Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics - Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
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Figueiredo C, Padilha C, Dorneles G, Peres A, Krüger K, Rosa Neto JC, Lira F. Type and Intensity as Key Variable of Exercise in Metainflammation diseases: A Review. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:743-767. [PMID: 34902867 DOI: 10.1055/a-1720-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations exhibit functions that vary between the anti- and pro-inflammatory spectrum, such as classic CD16- and non-classical CD16+ monocytes, as well as T helper 2 lymphocytes (Th2), the Th1/Th17 lymphocytes ratio, and T regulatory lymphocytes (Treg). Metabolic disease-associated inflammation is accompanied by an imbalance in monocyte and lymphocyte phenotypes and functionality, as well as a stronger proportion of inflammatory subpopulations. These changes appear to be important for the development and progression of diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, the regular practice of physical exercise is an important tool to restore the functionality of monocytes and lymphocytes, and to balance the subtypes ratio. However, key variables regarding exercise prescription, such as the type of exercise, intensity, and volume differentially impact on the acute and chronic immune response in individuals diagnosed with meta inflammation diseases. Here, we discuss the impact of different physical exercise protocols, acutely and chronically, on monocytes and lymphocytes of individuals with metabolic disease-associated inflammation. In this review, we focus on the best effects of different exercise protocols to dose the "exercise pill" in different inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caique Figueiredo
- Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - Campus de Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Camila Padilha
- Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Gilson Dorneles
- Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Peres
- Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Dept. of Sport Medicine, Institute of Sport Science, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Fábio Lira
- Department of Physical Education, Unesp, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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Biological Aspects of Inflamm-Aging in Childhood Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194933. [PMID: 34638416 PMCID: PMC8508005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer treatments improve survival in children with cancer. A total of 80% of children treated for childhood cancer achieve 5-year survival, becoming long-term survivors. However, they undergo several chronic late effects related to treatments. In childhood cancer survivors a chronic low-grade inflammation, known as inflamm-aging, is responsible for frailty, a condition characterized by vital organ failure and by premature aging processes. Inflamm-aging is closely related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which induce inflammation, accumulation of senescent cells, DNA mutations, and the production of reactive oxygen species. All these conditions are responsible for the onset of secondary diseases, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and infertility. Considering that the pathobiology of frailty among childhood cancer survivors is still unknown, investigations are needed to better understand frailty's biological and molecular processes and to identify inflamm-aging key biomarkers in order to facilitate the screening of comorbidities and to clarify whether treatments, normally used to modulate inflamm-aging, may be beneficial. This review offers an overview of the possible biological mechanisms involved in the development of inflamm-aging, focusing our attention on immune system alteration, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and therapeutic strategies.
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Wells AJ, Varanoske AN, Coker NA, Kozlowski GJ, Frosti CL, Boffey D, Harat I, Jahani S, Gepner Y, Hoffman JR. Effect of β-Alanine Supplementation on Monocyte Recruitment and Cognition During a 24-Hour Simulated Military Operation. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:3042-3054. [PMID: 33105353 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wells, AJ, Varanoske, AN, Coker, NA, Kozlowski, GJ, Frosti, CL, Boffey, D, Harat, I, Jahani, S, Gepner, Y, and Hoffman, JR. Effect of β-alanine supplementation on monocyte recruitment and cognition during a 24-hour simulated military operation. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3042-3054, 2020-Sustained military operations (SUSOPs) result in psychological stress and cognitive dysfunction, which may be related to the recruitment of classical monocytes into the brain. This study examined the effect of beta-alanine (BA) on cognition and monocyte recruitment during a simulated 24-hour SUSOP. Nineteen healthy men ingested 12-g/d BA or placebo for 14 days before an SUSOP. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), C-C chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2), and macrophage-1-antigen (CD11b) expression were assessed through multiplex assay and flow cytometry. Psychological stress and cognition were assessed through Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM). A composite measure of cognition (COGcomp) was generated from throughput scores extracted from 7 ANAM cognitive tests. Assessments occurred at baseline (0H), 12 hours (12H), 18 hours (18H), and 24 hours (24H). Significance was accepted at p ≤ 0.05. No significant effect of BA was noted for any variable (p's > 0.05). The frequency and severity of symptoms of psychological stress increased significantly at 18 and 24H compared with 0 and 12H (p's < 0.05). COGcomp decreased significantly at 18 and 24H compared with 0 and 12H (p's ≤ 0.001). MCP-1 peaked at 18H was significantly lower at 24H compared with 18H but remained elevated at 24H compared with 0H (p's < 0.001). CCR2 expression was significantly lower at 12 (p = 0.031), 18, and 24H (p's < 0.001). CD11b expression was significantly higher at 12H (p = 0.039) and 24H (p's = 0.003). MCP-1 was negatively associated with COGcomp (β = -0.395, p = 0.002, r2 = 0.174). Neither CCR2 or CD11b was related to COGcomp (p's > 0.05). Cognitive dysfunction during SUSOPs is related to serum concentrations of MCP-1 but is not influenced by BA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Wells
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Alyssa N Varanoske
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Nicholas A Coker
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Gregory J Kozlowski
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Cheyanne L Frosti
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - David Boffey
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Idan Harat
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Shiva Jahani
- Accreditation, Assessment and Analytics, College of Community Innovation and Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Yftach Gepner
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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da Silva IM, Santos MA, Galvão SL, Dorneles GP, Lira FS, Romão PRT, Peres A. Blood flow restriction impairs the inflammatory adaptations of strength training in overweight men: a clinical randomized trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:659-666. [PMID: 31782931 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of high-intensity strength training (ST) or low-intensity strength training with blood flow restriction (ST-BFR) on monocyte subsets, the expression of C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), and CD16 on monocytes, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production of overweight men. Thirty overweight men were randomly assigned to conventional ST or ST-BFR. Both groups performed exercises of knee extension and biceps curl with equal volume (3 sessions/week) over 8 weeks, and the peripheral frequency of monocytes (CD14+CD16-, classical monocytes; CD14+CD16+, intermediate monocytes; CD14-CD16+, nonclassical monocytes), the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CCR5 and CD16 on CD14+ monocytes; and the production of TNF-α by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells were quantified. Eight weeks of ST increased the frequency of CD14+CD16- monocytes (p = 0.04) and reduced the percentage of CD14-CD16+ (p = 0.02) and the production of TNF-α by LPS-stimulated cells (p = 0.03). The MFI of CD16 on CD14+ monocytes decreased after the ST intervention (p = 0.02). No difference in monocyte subsets, CCR5 or CD16 expression, and TNF-α production were identified after ST-BFR intervention (p > 0.05). The adoption of ST promotes anti-inflammatory effects on monocyte subsets of overweight men, but this effect was lost when BFR was adopted. Novelty High-intensity strength training reduces the production of TNF-α and the peripheral frequency of CD16+ monocytes in overweight men. Blood flow restriction method blunts the strength training adaptations on monocyte subsets and pro-inflammatory TNF-α production in overweight men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Martins da Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Maeli Andressa Santos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Simone Lunelli Galvão
- Research Center. Methodist University Center IPA. Porto Alegre, RS 90420-060, Brazil
| | - Gilson P Dorneles
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Fabio Santos Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Post-Graduation Program in Motricity Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-90, Brazil
| | - Pedro R T Romão
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Peres
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
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Exercise training, circulating cytokine levels and immune function in cancer survivors: A meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:92-104. [PMID: 31454519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.08.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-cancer therapies lead to chronic non-resolving inflammation and reduced immune function. One potential therapy is exercise training, but the effectiveness of these interventions to improve immune-related outcomes, the gaps in the literature, and recommendations to progress the field need to be determined. OBJECTIVES (1) to conduct separate meta-analyses in cancer survivors to determine the effects of exercise training on pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and immune cell proportions and function; and (2) to perform subgroup analyses to determine whether exercise modality, cancer type, and specific markers help to explain heterogeneity in each meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL) from inception to March 2018. The reference lists of eligible articles and relevant reviews were also checked. STUDY SELECTION Inclusion criteria were adult cancer survivors from randomized controlled trials performing structured exercise intervention (aerobic, resistance or combined training or Tai Chi/yoga) compared to usual care control group and included pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and/or immune cell outcomes. APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS A total of 5349 potentially eligible articles were identified, of which 26 articles (27 trials) met the inclusion criteria. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMD), where <0.2 was defined as trivial, 0.2-0.3 as small, 0.4-0.8 as moderate, and >0.8 as a large effect. RESULTS Exercise training decreased pro-inflammatory markers (SMD: -0.2, 95% CI: -0.4, -0.1, p < 0.001). Sub-group analysis for the pro-inflammatory markers indicated that combined aerobic and resistance training had the greatest effect (SMD: -0.3, 95% CI: -0.5, -1.9, p < 0.001), that prostate (SMD: -0.5, 95% CI: -0.8, 0.1, p = 0.004) and breast cancer populations were most responsive (SMD: -0.2, 95% CI: -0.3, -0.1, p = 0.001), and that C-reactive protein (SMD: -0.5, 95% CI: -0.9, -0.06, p = 0.025) and tumor necrosis factor (SMD: -0.3, 95% CI: -0.5, -0.06, p = 0.004) were the most sensitive to change. Exercise training tended to decrease anti-inflammatory markers (p = 0.072) but had no effect on natural killer or natural killer T cell proportions or cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training reduces pro-inflammatory markers in cancer survivors, with the strongest evidence for combined training and for prostate and breast cancer survivors. Further research is warranted to determine if these changes are clinically relevant or are associated with improvements in symptoms. To strengthen future research, focusing on novel immune populations that include functional parameters and standardized reporting of key immune outcomes is recommended.
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Jajtner AR, Townsend JR, Beyer KS, Varanoske AN, Church DD, Oliveira LP, Herrlinger KA, Radom-Aizik S, Fukuda DH, Stout JR, Hoffman JR. Resistance Exercise Selectively Mobilizes Monocyte Subsets: Role of Polyphenols. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:2231-2241. [PMID: 29957728 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the impact of polyphenol supplementation on the recruitment, mobilization, and activation of monocyte subsets after resistance exercise. METHODS Thirty-eight recreationally active males (22.1 ± 3.1 yr; 173.9 ± 7.9 cm; 77.8 ± 14.5 kg) were assigned to 28 d of polyphenol blend (PPB) supplementation, placebo (PL), or control (CON). Blood samples were obtained before (PRE) postresistance exercise, immediately (IP) postresistance exercise, 1 h (1H) postresistance exercise, 5 h (5H) postresistance exercise, 24 h (24H) postresistance exercise, and 48 h (48H) postresistance exercise (PPB/PL) or rest (CON). Fine-needle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis at PRE, 1H, 5H, and 48H. Circulating concentrations of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and fractalkine, as well as intramuscular MCP-1 were analyzed via multiplex assay. Changes in the proportions and expression of CD11b on monocyte subsets were assessed via flow cytometry. RESULTS Circulating MCP-1 increased in PPB and PL at IP with further increases at 5H. Intramuscular MCP-1 was increased at 1H, 5H, and 48H in all groups. Classical monocyte proportions were reduced in PPB and PL at IP, and increased at 1H. Nonclassical monocytes were increased in PPB and PL at IP, whereas intermediate monocytes were increased at IP, and reduced at 1H. Intermediate monocytes were increased in PPB at 24H and 48H. CD11b expression was reduced on PPB compared with PL and CON at PRE on intermediate and nonclassical monocytes. CONCLUSIONS Resistance exercise may elicit selective mobilization of intermediate monocytes at 24H and 48H, which may be mediated by tissue damage. Additionally, polyphenol supplementation may suppress CD11b expression on monocyte subsets at rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Jajtner
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH
| | | | - Kyle S Beyer
- Department of Exercise Science, Bloomsburg University, Bloomsburg, PA
| | - Alyssa N Varanoske
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - David D Church
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Leonardo P Oliveira
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | | | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center (PERC), University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - David H Fukuda
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
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11
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and soluble TNF-alpha receptor responses in young vs. middle-aged males following eccentric exercise. Exp Gerontol 2017; 100:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Ihalainen JK, Peltonen H, Paulsen G, Ahtiainen JP, Taipale RS, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E, Mero AA. Inflammation status of healthy young men: initial and specific responses to resistance training. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 43:252-258. [PMID: 29053943 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Our primary aim was to study the effects of a 4-week preparatory resistance-training (RT) period followed by 12 weeks of 2 specific RT protocols (either hypertrophic-strength (HS) or strength-hypertrophy-power training) on inflammation markers and the possible relationship of the changes in abdominal fat and lean mass to the changes in inflammation status. A total of 82 healthy men were included in the study. Maximal concentric leg press strength (1-repetition maximum), total body lean mass, total body and abdominal fat mass, circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and selected adipocytokines (resistin, adiponectin, and leptin) concentrations were measured before and after 4 (wk4) and 16 weeks (wk16) of RT. After the initial phase of RT, on wk4, abdominal and total fat mass as well as plasma leptin concentrations were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), whereas muscle mass, IL-1ra, resistin, and MCP-1 concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.05). During specialized training phase, at wk16, only HS led to further reduction in abdominal and total fat mass, resistin, and leptin (p < 0.05), whereas both training modes led to lower MCP-1 concentrations (p < 0.05). Abdominal fat mass and circulating leptin were reduced already after 4 weeks of RT. Simultaneously, circulating MCP-1 and resistin concentrations increased, possibly as markers of muscle adaptation and regeneration. The present findings also suggest that RT with hypertrophic focus is beneficial for further reductions in abdominal fat mass and to decrease circulating inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K Ihalainen
- a Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
| | - Heikki Peltonen
- a Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
| | - Göran Paulsen
- b The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports, Oslo N-0130, Norway.,c Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Juha P Ahtiainen
- a Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
| | - Ritva S Taipale
- a Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland.,d Kajaani University of Applied Sciences, Kajaani FI-87101, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- e The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- e The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - Antti A Mero
- a Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
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BARRY JULIANNEC, SIMTCHOUK SVETLANA, DURRER CODY, JUNG MARYE, LITTLE JONATHANP. Short-Term Exercise Training Alters Leukocyte Chemokine Receptors in Obese Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:1631-1640. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Wells AJ, Jajtner AR, Varanoske AN, Church DD, Gonzalez AM, Townsend JR, Boone CH, Baker KM, Beyer KS, Mangine GT, Oliveira LP, Fukuda DH, Stout JR, Hoffman JR. Post-resistance exercise ingestion of milk protein attenuates plasma TNFα and TNFr1 expression on monocyte subpopulations. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1415-1426. [PMID: 28555251 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Attenuating TNFα/TNFr1 signaling in monocytes has been proposed as a means of mitigating inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a milk protein supplement on TNFα and monocyte TNFr1 expression. Ten resistance-trained men (24.7 ± 3.4 years; 90.1 ± 11.3 kg; 176.0 ± 4.9 cm) ingested supplement (SUPP) or placebo (PL) immediately post-exercise in a randomized, cross-over design. Blood samples were obtained at baseline (BL), immediately (IP), 30-min (30P), 1-h (1H), 2-h (2H), and 5-h (5H) post-exercise to assess plasma concentrations of myoglobin; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα); and expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFr1) on classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes. Magnitude-based inferences were used to provide inferences on the true effects of SUPP compared to PL. Plasma TNFα concentrations were "likely attenuated" (91.6% likelihood effect) from BL to 30P in the SUPP group compared with PL (d = 0.87; mean effect: 2.3 ± 2.4 pg mL-1). TNFr1 expressions on classical (75.9% likelihood effect) and intermediate (93.0% likelihood effect) monocytes were "likely attenuated" from BL to 2H in the SUPP group compared with PL (d = 0.67; mean effect: 510 ± 670 RFU, and d = 1.05; mean effect: 2500 ± 2300 RFU, respectively). TNFr1 expression on non-classical monocytes was "likely attenuated" (77.6% likelihood effect) from BL to 1H in the SUPP group compared with PL (d = 0.69; mean effect: 330 ± 430 RFU). Ingestion of a milk protein supplement immediately post-exercise appears to attenuate both plasma TNFα concentrations and TNFr1 expression on monocyte subpopulations in resistance-trained men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Wells
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
| | - Adam R Jajtner
- School of Health Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Alyssa N Varanoske
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - David D Church
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Adam M Gonzalez
- Department of Health Professions, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Jeremy R Townsend
- Department of Kinesiology, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA
| | - Carleigh H Boone
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kayla M Baker
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kyle S Beyer
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Gerald T Mangine
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA
| | - Leonardo P Oliveira
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - David H Fukuda
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Educational and Human Sciences, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
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15
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Bartolomei S, Sadres E, Church DD, Arroyo E, Gordon JA, Varanoske AN, Wang R, Beyer KS, Oliveira LP, Stout JR, Hoffman JR. Comparison of the recovery response from high-intensity and high-volume resistance exercise in trained men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:1287-1298. [PMID: 28447186 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the physiological responses of a high-volume (HV; 8 sets of 10 repetitions) versus high-intensity (HI; 8 sets of 3 repetitions) exercise protocol in resistance-trained men. METHODS Twelve men (24.5 ± 4.2 years; 82.3 ± 8.4 kg; 175.2 ± 5.5 cm) with 6.3 ± 3.4 years of resistance training experience performed each protocol in a counterbalanced, randomized order. Performance [counter movement jump peak power (CMJP), isokinetic (ISOK) and isometric leg extension (MVIC), isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), and isometric squat (ISQ)] and muscle morphological [cross-sectional area (CSA) of vastus lateralis] assessments were performed at baseline (BL), 30-min (P-30 min), 24-h (P-24 h), 48-h (P-48 h), and 72-h (P-72 h) post-exercise for each testing session. In addition, endocrine (testosterone and cortisol), inflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP)], and markers of muscle damage [creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and myoglobin (Mb)] were assessed at the same time points. RESULTS Significantly greater reductions in CMJP (p < 0.001), and peak torque during both ISOK (p = 0.003) and MVIC (p = 0.008) at P-30 min were detected in HV compared to HI protocol. MVIC was still impaired at P-72 h following the HV protocol, while no differences were noted following HI. Markers of muscle damage (LDH, CK, and Mb) were significantly elevated following both HV and HI (p < 0.05), while cortisol and IL-6 concentrations were significantly elevated at P-30 min following HV only (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that high-volume resistance exercise results in greater performance deficits, and a greater extent of muscle damage, than a bout of high-intensity resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Bartolomei
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA.
| | - Eliahu Sadres
- The Nat Holman School for Coaches and Instructors, Wingate Institute for Physical Education and Sport, Netanya, Israel
| | - David D Church
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | - Eliott Arroyo
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | - Joseph A Gordon
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | - Alyssa N Varanoske
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | - Ran Wang
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | - Kyle S Beyer
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32766, USA
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16
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The Effect of Post-Resistance Exercise Amino Acids on Plasma MCP-1 and CCR2 Expression. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070409. [PMID: 27384580 PMCID: PMC4963885 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment and infiltration of classical monocytes into damaged muscle is critical for optimal tissue remodeling. This study examined the effects of an amino acid supplement on classical monocyte recruitment following an acute bout of lower body resistance exercise. Ten resistance-trained men (24.7 ± 3.4 years; 90.1 ± 11.3 kg; 176.0 ± 4.9 cm) ingested supplement (SUPP) or placebo (PL) immediately post-exercise in a randomized, cross-over design. Blood samples were obtained at baseline (BL), immediately (IP), 30-min (30P), 1-h (1H), 2-h (2H), and 5-h (5H) post-exercise to assess plasma concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), myoglobin, cortisol and insulin concentrations; and expressions of C-C chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2), and macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b) on classical monocytes. Magnitude-based inferences were used to provide inferences on the true effects of SUPP compared to PL. Changes in myoglobin, cortisol, and insulin concentrations were similar between treatments. Compared to PL, plasma MCP-1 was “very likely greater” (98.1% likelihood effect) in SUPP at 2H. CCR2 expression was “likely greater” at IP (84.9% likelihood effect), “likely greater” at 1H (87.7% likelihood effect), “very likely greater” at 2H (97.0% likelihood effect), and “likely greater” at 5H (90.1% likelihood effect) in SUPP, compared to PL. Ingestion of SUPP did not influence CD11b expression. Ingestion of an amino acid supplement immediately post-exercise appears to help maintain plasma MCP-1 concentrations and augment CCR2 expression in resistance trained men.
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