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Bullock-Palmer RP, Flores Rosario K, Douglas PS, Hahn RT, Lang RM, Chareonthaitawee P, Srichai MB, Ordovas KG, Baldassarre LA, Burroughs MS, Henderson CS, Woodard PK, Pressoir K, Swaminathan M, Blankstein R, Daubert MA. Multimodality Cardiac Imaging and the Imaging Workforce in the United States: Diversity, Disparities, and Future Directions. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 17:e016409. [PMID: 38377238 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.016409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Innovations in cardiac imaging have fundamentally advanced the understanding and treatment of cardiovascular disease. These advances in noninvasive cardiac imaging have also expanded the role of the cardiac imager and dramatically increased the demand for imagers who are cross-trained in multiple modalities. However, we hypothesize that there is significant variation in the availability of cardiac imaging expertise and a disparity in the adoption of advanced imaging technologies across the United States. To evaluate this, we have brought together the leaders of cardiovascular imaging societies, imaging trainees, as well as collaborated with national imaging accreditation commissions and imaging certification boards to assess the state of cardiac imaging and the diversity of the imaging workforce in the United States. Aggregate data confirm the presence of critical gaps, such as limited access to imaging and imaging expertise in rural communities, as well as disparities in the imaging workforce, notably among women and underrepresented minorities. Based on these results, we have proposed solutions to promote and maintain a robust and diverse community of cardiac imagers and improve equity and accessibility for cardiac imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee P Bullock-Palmer
- Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (R.P.B.P.)
- Department of Cardiology, Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Browns Mills, NJ (R.P.B.P., K.P.)
| | - Karen Flores Rosario
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (K.F.R., P.S.D., M.A.D.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Pamela S Douglas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (K.F.R., P.S.D., M.A.D.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Rebecca T Hahn
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY (R.T.H.)
| | - Roberto M Lang
- Section of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Center, University of Chicago, IL (R.M.L.)
| | | | - Monvadi B Srichai
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington, DC (M.B.S.)
| | - Karen G Ordovas
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (K.G.O.)
| | - Lauren A Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.A.B.)
| | | | - Cory S Henderson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, MA (C.S.H.)
| | - Pamela K Woodard
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO (P.K.W.)
| | - Kathleen Pressoir
- Department of Cardiology, Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Browns Mills, NJ (R.P.B.P., K.P.)
| | - Madhav Swaminathan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic Division (M.S.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Ron Blankstein
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (R.B.)
| | - Melissa A Daubert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (K.F.R., P.S.D., M.A.D.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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2
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Gibson AP. Medical imaging applied to heritage. Br J Radiol 2023; 96:20230611. [PMID: 37750831 PMCID: PMC10646659 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20230611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of imaging has transformed the study of cultural heritage artefacts in the same way that medical imaging has transformed medicine. X-ray-based techniques are common in both medical and heritage imaging. Optical imaging, including scientific photography and spectral imaging techniques, is also common in both domains. Some common medical imaging methods such as ultrasound and MRI have not yet found routine application in heritage, whereas other methods such as imaging with charged and uncharged particles and 3D surface imaging are more common in heritage. Here, we review the field of heritage imaging from the point of view of medical imaging and include some classic challenges of heritage imaging such as reading the text on burnt scrolls, identifying underdrawings in paintings, and CT scanning of mummies, an ancient calculating device and sealed documents. We show how hyperspectral imaging can offer insight into the drawing techniques of Leonardo da Vinci and explain how laparoscopy has identified the method of construction of a 500-year-old pop-up anatomical text book.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P. Gibson
- UCL Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering and UCL Institute of Sustainable Heritage, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Meloni A, Cademartiri F, Positano V, Celi S, Berti S, Clemente A, La Grutta L, Saba L, Bossone E, Cavaliere C, Punzo B, Maffei E. Cardiovascular Applications of Photon-Counting CT Technology: A Revolutionary New Diagnostic Step. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:363. [PMID: 37754792 PMCID: PMC10531582 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10090363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an emerging technology that can potentially transform clinical CT imaging. After a brief description of the PCCT technology, this review summarizes its main advantages over conventional CT: improved spatial resolution, improved signal and contrast behavior, reduced electronic noise and artifacts, decreased radiation dose, and multi-energy capability with improved material discrimination. Moreover, by providing an overview of the existing literature, this review highlights how the PCCT benefits have been harnessed to enhance and broaden the diagnostic capabilities of CT for cardiovascular applications, including the detection of coronary artery calcifications, evaluation of coronary plaque extent and composition, evaluation of coronary stents, and assessment of myocardial tissue characteristics and perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Bioingegneria, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Cademartiri
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Vicenzo Positano
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Bioingegneria, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Celi
- BioCardioLab, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 54100 Massa, Italy;
| | - Sergio Berti
- Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiology Department, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 54100 Massa, Italy;
| | - Alberto Clemente
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Ludovico La Grutta
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy;
| | - Eduardo Bossone
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Carlo Cavaliere
- Department of Radiology, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (B.P.)
| | - Bruna Punzo
- Department of Radiology, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico SynLab-SDN, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (B.P.)
| | - Erica Maffei
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
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4
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Mäenpää M, Kujala I, Harjulahti E, Stenström I, Nammas W, Knuuti J, Saraste A, Maaniitty T. The impact of diabetes on the relationship of coronary artery disease and outcome: a study using multimodality imaging. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:129. [PMID: 37254111 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with prediabetes or diabetes are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes. First-line coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) followed by selective use of positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging is a feasible strategy to diagnose and risk-stratify patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the present study was to study whether diabetes changes the relationship of CAD and long-term outcome. METHODS We retrospectively identified consecutive symptomatic patients who underwent coronary CTA for suspected CAD. In patients with suspected obstructive CAD on CTA, myocardial ischemia was evaluated by 15O-water PET myocardial perfusion imaging. The relationship of the phenotype of CAD and long-term outcome in patients with no diabetes, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes was investigated. A composite endpoint included all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and unstable angina pectoris (UAP). RESULTS A total of 1743 patients were included: 1214 (70%) non-diabetic, 259 (15%) prediabetic, and 270 (16%) type 2 diabetic patients. During 6.43 years of median follow-up, 164 adverse events occurred (106 deaths, 41 MIs, 17 UAPs). The prevalence of normal coronary arteries on CTA was highest in the non-diabetic patients (39%). The prevalence of hemodynamically significant CAD (abnormal perfusion) increased from 14% in non-diabetic patients to 20% in prediabetic and 27% in diabetic patients. The event rate was lowest in patients with normal coronary arteries and highest in patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes and hemodynamically significant CAD (annual event rate 0.2% vs. 4.7%). However, neither prediabetes nor diabetes were independent predictors of the composite adverse outcome after adjustment for the clinical risk factors and imaging findings. CONCLUSIONS Coronary CTA followed by selective downstream use of PET myocardial perfusion imaging predicts long-term outcome similarly in non-diabetic and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Mäenpää
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Iida Kujala
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Esa Harjulahti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Wail Nammas
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Saraste
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Maaniitty
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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5
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Pezzato A, Milandri A, Tortorici G, Sinagra G, Merlo M. Pragmatic electrocardiogram tracings in non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy: diagnostic and prognostic role. Eur Heart J Suppl 2023; 25:C162-C168. [PMID: 37125300 PMCID: PMC10132561 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primitive heart muscle disease characterized by a great heterogeneous aetiology and prognostic outcome. Dilated cardiomyopathy is an umbrella term encompassing different aetiologies that might require specific treatments. It principally affects young and male adults, with high-risk arrhythmic competitive risk. Unfortunately, the prevention of major ventricular arrhythmic events remains a clinical challenge. In the era of advanced multimodality imaging and widely available genetic testing, electrocardiogram (ECG) continues to represent a reliable diagnostic tool, for specific work up of every single patient. However, approaching DCM patients, only a cardiomyopathy-oriented reading makes the role of ECG central in the management of DCM, both for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic management. In this paper, we present four ECGs of four different DCM patients, in order to guide a cardiomyopathy-oriented ECG reading, emphasizing its impact in an early, cost-effective, and personalized diagnostic and prognostic work up in this specific setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pezzato
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Agnese Milandri
- Cardiovascular Department, Bentivoglio Hospital, Via Marconi 35, 40010 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Tortorici
- Cardiovascular Department, Bentivoglio Hospital, Via Marconi 35, 40010 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- Corresponding author. Tel: +39 0403994477, Fax: +39 0403994878,
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Kwee RM, Almaghrabi MT, Kwee TC. Integrity in cardiovascular imaging research. Clin Imaging 2023; 96:31-33. [PMID: 36753906 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To gain more insight in scientific integrity in the field of cardiovascular imaging research by conducting a survey among all corresponding authors who published in cardiovascular imaging journals. METHODS Corresponding authors who published in one of eight major cardiovascular imaging journals in 2021 were requested to complete a questionnaire about scientific integrity in the field of cardiovascular imaging. RESULTS Responses from 160 corresponding authors were received. The majority of respondents had a medical doctor degree (81.1%), held an academic position (93.8%, of which 44.0% as full professor), and had >10 years of research experience (72.5%). Overall confidence in the integrity of published scientific work in cardiovascular imaging was high, with a median score of 8 out of 10 (IQR 2). 5 respondents (3.1%) declared having committed scientific fraud in the past 5 years and 38 respondents (23.8%) declared having witnessed or suspected scientific fraud by anyone from their department in the past 5 years. 85.6% of respondents think that publication bias is present. 50% of respondents declared that any of their publications in the past 5 years had a co-author who actually did not deserve this co-authorship. CONCLUSION Experts in the field report that several forms of scientific fraud, publication bias, and honorary authorship are present in cardiovascular imaging research. Despite these reports of academic dishonesty, overall confidence in the integrity of cardiovascular imaging research is deemed high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Kwee
- Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen/Sittard/Geleen, the Netherlands.
| | - Maan T Almaghrabi
- Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas C Kwee
- Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
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7
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Hachiya S, Kosuge H, Fujita Y, Hida S, Chikamori T. Performance of Hybrid Imaging in the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease. Am J Cardiol 2022; 174:34-39. [PMID: 35379453 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) are usually performed independently in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. We assessed the hypothesis that hybrid SPECT/CTCA imaging results in higher diagnostic accuracy than either method alone, particularly in cases presenting with high levels of coronary calcification. A total of 243 major coronary vessels in 81 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease were screened using SPECT with semiconductor detectors and CTCA with 256-detector row computed tomography. Patients who were diagnosed with myocardial ischemia underwent coronary angiography. Coronary angiography results were defined as positive for stenosis when the stenosis diameter was >70% or fractional flow reserve was <0.8. These data were then compared with a fused image of the SPECT and CTCA datasets generated using a dedicated workstation. To detect significant coronary artery stenosis, the respective sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 73%, 61%, and 67% with SPECT alone, 96%, 44%, and 67% with CTCA alone, and 95%, 75%, and 84% with hybrid imaging. Moreover, hybrid imaging allowed the accurate diagnosis of 47 vessels with severe calcification that CTCA alone could not evaluate correctly. Hybrid imaging shows greater diagnostic accuracy than single-modality evaluation through more comprehensive information on potential coronary stenosis and its hemodynamic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Hachiya
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kosuge
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Fujita
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hida
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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A Decision-Support Informatics Platform for Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Replacement. ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics11121902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement is performed by mini-sternotomy (MS) or less invasive right anterior mini-thoracotomy (RT). The possibility of adopting RT is assessed by anatomical criteria derived from manual 2D image analysis. We developed a semi-automatic tool (RT-PLAN) to assess the criteria of RT, extract other parameters of surgical interest and generate a view of the anatomical region in a 3D space. Twenty-five 3D CT images from a dataset were retrospectively evaluated. The methodology starts with segmentation to reconstruct 3D surface models of the aorta and anterior rib cage. Secondly, the RT criteria and geometric information from these models are automatically and quantitatively evaluated. A comparison is made between the values of the parameters measured by the standard manual 2D procedure and our tool. The RT-PLAN procedure was feasible in all cases. Strong agreement was found between RT-PLAN and the standard manual 2D procedure. There was no difference between the RT-PLAN and the standard procedure when selecting patients for the RT technique. The tool developed is able to effectively perform the assessment of the RT criteria, with the addition of a realistic visualisation of the surgical field through virtual reality technology.
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9
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The Interventricular Septum: Structure, Function, Dysfunction, and Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113227. [PMID: 35683618 PMCID: PMC9181036 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrates developed pulmonary circulation and septated the heart into venous and arterial compartments, as the adaptation from aquatic to terrestrial life requires more oxygen and energy. The interventricular septum (IVS) accommodates the ventricular portion of the conduction system and contributes to the mechanical function of both ventricles. Conditions or diseases that affect IVS structure and function (e.g., hypertrophy, defects, other) may lead to ventricular pump failure and/or ventricular arrhythmias with grave consequences. IVS structure and function can be evaluated today using current imaging techniques. Effective therapies can be provided in most cases, although definitions of underlying etiologies may not always be easy, particularly in the elderly due to overlap between genetic and acquired causes of IVS hypertrophy, the most common being IVS abnormality. In this review, state-of-the-art information regarding IVS morphology, physiology, physiopathology, and disease is presented.
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10
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Maragna R, Giacari CM, Guglielmo M, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Guaricci AI, Rossi A, Rabbat M, Pontone G. Artificial Intelligence Based Multimodality Imaging: A New Frontier in Coronary Artery Disease Management. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:736223. [PMID: 34631834 PMCID: PMC8493089 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.736223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents one of the most important causes of death around the world. Multimodality imaging plays a fundamental role in both diagnosis and risk stratification of acute and chronic CAD. For example, the role of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) has become increasingly important to rule out CAD according to the latest guidelines. These changes and others will likely increase the request for appropriate imaging tests in the future. In this setting, artificial intelligence (AI) will play a pivotal role in echocardiography, CCTA, cardiac magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging, making multimodality imaging more efficient and reliable for clinicians, as well as more sustainable for healthcare systems. Furthermore, AI can assist clinicians in identifying early predictors of adverse outcome that human eyes cannot see in the fog of “big data.” AI algorithms applied to multimodality imaging will play a fundamental role in the management of patients with suspected or established CAD. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current and future AI applications to the field of multimodality imaging of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Maragna
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Giacari
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Guglielmo
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Baggiano
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fusini
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Igoren Guaricci
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Alexia Rossi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark Rabbat
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, Division of Cardiology, Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, United States
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
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11
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Adão R, Stoddart PR, Peter K. Avalanching nanoparticles bring new light to cardiovascular imaging. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:e60-e63. [PMID: 33876220 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Adão
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center-UnIC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paul R Stoddart
- Department of Telecommunications, Electrical, Robotics and Biomedical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Department of Atherothrombosis & Vascular Biology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Medicine and Immunology, Monash University, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne University, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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