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Engel A, Wagner V, Hahn O, Foltz AG, Atkins M, Beganovic A, Guldner IH, Lu N, Saksena A, Fischer U, Ludwig N, Meese E, Wyss-Coray T, Keller A. A spatio-temporal brain miRNA expression atlas identifies sex-independent age-related microglial driven miR-155-5p increase. Nat Commun 2025; 16:4588. [PMID: 40382330 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-59860-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025] Open
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of the molecular processes composing aging is crucial to develop therapeutic approaches that decrease aging as a key risk factor for cognitive decline. Herein, we present a spatio-temporal brain atlas (15 different regions) of microRNA expression across the mouse lifespan (7 time points) and two aging interventions. MicroRNAs are promising therapeutic targets, as they silence genes by complementary base-pair binding of messenger RNAs and mediate aging speed. We first established sex- and brain-region-specific microRNA expression patterns in young adult samples. Then we focused on sex-dependent and independent brain-region-specific microRNA expression changes during aging. We identified three sex-independent brain aging microRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-5100). For miR-155-5p, we showed that these expression changes are driven by aging microglia and target mTOR signaling pathway components and other cellular communication pathways. In this work, we identify strong sex-brain-region-specific aging microRNAs and microglial miR-155-5p as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Engel
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Viktoria Wagner
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aulden G Foltz
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Micaiah Atkins
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amila Beganovic
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ian H Guldner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aryaman Saksena
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ulrike Fischer
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain Resilience, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Keller
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany.
- PharmaScienceHub, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Engel A, Wagner V, Hahn O, Foltz AG, Atkins M, Beganovic A, Guldner IH, Lu N, Saksena A, Fischer U, Ludwig N, Meese E, Wyss-Coray T, Keller A. A spatio-temporal brain miRNA expression atlas identifies sex-independent age-related microglial driven miR-155-5p increase. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.03.15.643430. [PMID: 40161726 PMCID: PMC11952541 DOI: 10.1101/2025.03.15.643430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of the molecular processes composing aging is crucial to develop therapeutic approaches that decrease aging as a key risk factor for cognitive decline. Herein, we present a spatio-temporal brain atlas (15 different regions) of microRNA (miRNA) expression across the mouse lifespan (7 time points) and two aging interventions composed of 1009 samples. MiRNAs are promising therapeutic targets, as they silence genes by complementary base-pair binding of messenger RNAs and are known to mediate aging speed. We first established sex- and brain-region-specific miRNA expression patterns in young adult samples. Then we focused on sex-dependent and independent brain-region-specific miRNA expression changes during aging. The corpus callosum in males and the choroid plexus in females exhibited strong sex-specific age-related signatures. In this work, we identified three sex-independent brain aging miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-5100). We showed for miR-155-5p that these expression changes are driven by aging microglia. MiR-155-5p targets mTOR signaling pathway components and other cellular communication pathways and is hence a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Engel
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Viktoria Wagner
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aulden G. Foltz
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Micaiah Atkins
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Amila Beganovic
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ian H. Guldner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aryaman Saksena
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ulrike Fischer
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- The Phil and Penny Knight Initiative for Brain Resilience, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Keller
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Chen G, Chen X, Han W, Gao B, Liang M, Li T, Liu X. MiR-222-3p regulates methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization through PP2A-AKT signaling pathway in the dorsal striatum of male mice. Neurosci Lett 2025; 852:138181. [PMID: 40032211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 02/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic and recurrent brain disease. Our previous research demonstrated that the B subunit of phosphatase 2A (PP2A/B) increased in the dorsal striatum (DS) of methamphetamine (METH)-sensitized mice. Interestingly, studies indicate that PP2A/B can also interplay with microRNA (miRNA). In this study, we investigated seven miRNAs that have been reported to potentially interplay with PP2A/B, and our results showed that miR-222-3p significantly decreased in the DS of METH-sensitized mice. We further used dual-luciferase reporter assay to clarify the regulatory relationship between miR-222-3p and PP2A/B mRNA, and we also constructed adeno-associated virus (AAV) to overexpress miR-222-3p in the DS to further examine the influence of miR-222-3p on METH-induced behavioral sensitization. Our results demonstrated that miR-222-3p did interplay with PP2A/B mRNA and overexpressed miR-222-3p could significant attenuate METH-induced behavioral sensitization. At the same time, overexpressed miR-222-3p could reverse the change in the PP2A-AKT signaling pathway in the DS of METH-sensitized mice. Our results indicate that overexpression of miR-222-3p in the DS might attenuate METH-induced behavioral sensitization through the PP2A-AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
| | - Xingyao Chen
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Wei Han
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Baoyao Gao
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Min Liang
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Tao Li
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Xinshe Liu
- College of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Zhu Y, Tong J, Jiang J, Shi K, Xie J, Zhu Y, Li Y, Xu Y. Suppression of miR-218 promotes SOCS3 expression to alleviate cognitive impairment and white matter injury after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Metab Brain Dis 2025; 40:147. [PMID: 40080253 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-025-01572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter injury (WMI) is a significant cause of vascular cognitive impairment. Emerging evidence suggests that miR-218 may be involved in the pathogenesis of WMI. However, understanding of the relationship between miR-218 and chronic hypoperfusion-induced WMI remains insufficient. Our study investigated the relationship between miR-218 and chronic hypoperfusion-induced WMI at clinical, animal, and cellular levels. We found that serum miR-218 expression was elevated in clinical WMI patients, had a certain diagnostic efficacy for WMI, and was correlated with the degree of WMI, cognitive scores, and serum inflammatory factors. In addition, we constructed a mouse model with bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to simulate chronic hypoperfusion-induced WMI and detected an increase in miR-218 expression in the white matter of BCAS mice. Following administration of Lv-sh-miR-218 to the white matter of BCAS mice, improvements were observed in both cognitive impairment and WMI. Furthermore, Lv-sh-miR-218 also reduced M1 polarization of microglia and neuroinflammation within the white matter. Subsequently, we confirmed that SOCS3 is the specific target of miR-218 through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter gene assays. Injection of LV-SOCS3 into the white matter also led to improvements in cognitive impairment and WMI in BCAS mice, along with reduced M1 polarization of microglia and neuroinflammation. Moreover, in primary cultured microglia cells, we demonstrated that after chronic hypoxia, miR-218 regulates inflammatory factors through the SOCS3/STAT3 pathway. In summary, our current results indicate a strong correlation between elevated miR-218 levels and chronic hypoperfusion-induced WMI, and downregulation of miR-218 expression can improve neuroinflammation by upregulating SOCS3, thereby ameliorating WMI and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214221, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Tong
- Department of Neurology, Dianjiang People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, Chongqing, 408300, China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214221, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keyun Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214221, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214221, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuefeng Li
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214221, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuhao Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Bahramiazar P, Abdollahzade N, Tartibian B, Ahmadiasl N, Yaghoob Nezhad F. The Role of Estrogen in Brain MicroRNAs Regulation. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:819-835. [PMID: 40190672 PMCID: PMC11970499 DOI: 10.34172/apb.39216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Purpose This review aims to elucidate the role of estrogen-sensitive microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating brain functions and disorders, highlighting the protective effects of estrogen on the central nervous system. Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted, examining the relationship between estrogen, miRNAs, and cognitive health. The study focused on experimental data comparing cognitive impairments between genders and the mechanisms of estrogen's effects on brain function. Results Cognitive impairments are less prevalent in women of reproductive age compared to men, indicating estrogen's neuroprotective role. Estrogen modulates gene expression through specific receptors, while miRNAs regulate approximately 30% of protein-coding genes in mammals. These miRNAs play critical roles in synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. The review identifies several estrogen-sensitive miRNAs and their potential involvement in brain disorders. Conclusion The interplay between estrogen and miRNAs offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive health and disease. Understanding these relationships may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for addressing various brain disorders, particularly those associated with hormonal changes and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyvand Bahramiazar
- Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naseh Abdollahzade
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Ahmadiasl
- Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Hernandez NP, Rawls A, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Gao X, Parisien M, Karaky M, Meloto CB, Montagna F, Dang H, Pan Y, Zhao Y, McLean S, Linnstaedt S, Diatchenko L, Nackley AG. miR-374 family is a key regulator of chronic primary pain onset. Pain Rep 2024; 9:e1199. [PMID: 39430682 PMCID: PMC11487220 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic primary pain conditions (CPPCs) are linked to catecholamine activation of peripheral adrenergic receptors. Yet, catecholamine-dependent epigenetic mechanisms, such as microRNA (miRNA) regulation of mRNA transcripts, remain largely unknown. Objectives We sought to identify RNA species correlated with case status in 3 pain cohorts, to validate RNAs found to be dysregulated in a mouse model of CPPC onset, and to directly test the role of adrenergic receptors in miRNA regulation. Furthermore, we tested antinociceptive effects of miR-374 overexpression. Methods We used RNA-seq and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to measure RNA expression in 3 pain cohorts. Next, we validated identified RNAs with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in a mouse model of CPPC onset, measuring expression in plasma, peripheral (adipose, muscle, dorsal root ganglia [DRG]), and central (spinal cord) tissues. Then, we stimulated adrenergic receptors in primary adipocyte and DRG cultures to directly test regulation of microRNAs by adrenergic signaling. Furthermore, we used in vitro calcium imaging to measure the antinociceptive effects of miR-374 overexpression. Results We found that one miRNA family, miR-374, was downregulated in the plasma of individuals with temporomandibular disorder, fibromyalgia syndrome, or widespread pain following a motor vehicle collision. miR-374 was also downregulated in plasma, white adipose tissue, and spinal cord from mice with multisite mechanical sensitivity. miR-374 downregulation in plasma and spinal cord was female specific. Norepinephrine stimulation of primary adipocytes, but not DRG, led to decreased miR-374 expression. Furthermore, we identified tissue-specific and sex-specific changes in the expression of predicted miR-374 mRNA targets, including known (HIF1A, NUMB, TGFBR2) and new (ATXN7, CRK-II) pain targets. Finally, we demonstrated that miR-374 overexpression in DRG neurons reduced capsaicin-induced nociceptor activity. Conclusions Downregulation of miR-374 occurs between adrenergic receptor activation and mechanical hypersensitivity, and its adipocyte source implicates adipose signaling in nociception. Further study of miR-374 may inform therapeutic strategies for the millions worldwide who experience CPPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel P. Hernandez
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ashleigh Rawls
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jiegen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yaomin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xianglong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marc Parisien
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamad Karaky
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Beraldo Meloto
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francesca Montagna
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samuel McLean
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah Linnstaedt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea G. Nackley
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Karaboue MAA, Ministeri F, Sessa F, Nannola C, Chisari MG, Cocimano G, Di Mauro L, Salerno M, Esposito M. Traumatic Brain Injury as a Public Health Issue: Epidemiology, Prognostic Factors and Useful Data from Forensic Practice. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:2266. [PMID: 39595464 PMCID: PMC11593823 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12222266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major public health problem, being a leading cause of disability and mortality among young people in developed countries. Head trauma occurs across all age groups, each experiencing consistently high rates of mortality and disability. This review aims to present an overview of TBI epidemiology and its socioeconomic impact, alongside data valuable for prevention, clinical management, and research efforts. Methods: A narrative review of TBI was performed with a particular focus on forensic pathology and public health. In fact, this review highlighted the economic and epidemiological aspects of TBI, as well as autopsy, histology, immunohistochemistry, and miRNA. Results: These data, together with immunohistochemical markers, are crucial for histopathological diagnosis and to determine the timing of injury onset, a fundamental aspect in forensic pathology practice. There is compelling evidence that brain injury biomarkers may enhance predictive models for clinical and prognostic outcomes. By clarifying the cause of death and providing details on survival time after trauma, forensic tools offer valuable information to improve the clinical management of TBI and guide preventive interventions. Conclusions: TBI is one of the most common causes of death today, with high costs for health care spending. Knowing the different mechanisms of TBI, reduces health care costs and helps improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Ministeri
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Sessa
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Nannola
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Cocimano
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Vanvitelli”, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Di Mauro
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Monica Salerno
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy
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Penning A, Snoeck S, Garritsen O, Tosoni G, Hof A, de Boer F, van Hasenbroek J, Zhang L, Thrupp N, Craessaerts K, Fiers M, Salta E. NACC2, a molecular effector of miR-132 regulation at the interface between adult neurogenesis and Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21163. [PMID: 39256511 PMCID: PMC11387632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation of new neurons at the hippocampal neurogenic niche, known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), and its impairment, have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). MicroRNA-132 (miR-132), the most consistently downregulated microRNA (miRNA) in AD, was recently identified as a potent regulator of AHN, exerting multilayered proneurogenic effects in adult neural stem cells (NSCs) and their progeny. Supplementing miR-132 in AD mouse brain restores AHN and relevant memory deficits, yet the exact mechanisms involved are still unknown. Here, we identify NACC2 as a novel miR-132 target implicated in both AHN and AD. miR-132 deficiency in mouse hippocampus induces Nacc2 expression and inflammatory signaling in adult NSCs. We show that miR-132-dependent regulation of NACC2 is involved in the initial stages of human NSC differentiation towards astrocytes and neurons. Later, NACC2 function in astrocytic maturation becomes uncoupled from miR-132. We demonstrate that NACC2 is present in reactive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques in mouse and human AD hippocampus, and that there is an anticorrelation between miR-132 and NACC2 levels in AD and upon induction of inflammation. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms by which miR-132 regulates neurogenesis and cellular reactivity in AD, will provide valuable insights towards its possible application as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Penning
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Snoeck
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oxana Garritsen
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amber Hof
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur de Boer
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lin Zhang
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicky Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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9
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Zacharjasz J, Sztachera M, Smuszkiewicz M, Piwecka M. Micromanaging the neuroendocrine system - A review on miR-7 and the other physiologically relevant miRNAs in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1557-1575. [PMID: 38858179 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary axis is central to the functioning of the neuroendocrine system and essential for regulating physiological and behavioral homeostasis and coordinating fundamental body functions. The expanding line of evidence shows the indispensable role of the microRNA pathway in regulating the gene expression profile in the developing and adult hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Experiments provoking a depletion of miRNA maturation in the context of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis brought into focus a prominent involvement of miRNAs in neuroendocrine functions. There are also a few individual miRNAs and miRNA families that have been studied in depth revealing their crucial role in mediating the regulation of fundamental processes such as temporal precision of puberty timing, hormone production, fertility and reproduction capacity, and energy balance. Among these miRNAs, miR-7 was shown to be hypothalamus-enriched and the top one highly expressed in the pituitary gland, where it has a profound impact on gene expression regulation. Here, we review miRNA profiles, knockout phenotypes, and miRNA interaction (targets) in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis that advance our understanding of the roles of miRNAs in mammalian neurosecretion and related physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Zacharjasz
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Sztachera
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Smuszkiewicz
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Piwecka
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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10
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Talluri B, Addya S, Terashvili M, Medda BK, Banerjee A, Shaker R, Sengupta JN, Banerjee B. Adult zymosan re-exposure exacerbates the molecular alterations in the brainstem rostral ventromedial medulla of rats with early life zymosan-induced cystitis. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 16:100160. [PMID: 39252992 PMCID: PMC11381896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2024.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the descending modulatory pathways from the brainstem rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) are important for bladder inflammatory pain. This study aimed to identify the long-term molecular changes in RVM neurons due to early life cystitis during neuronal development and the effect of reexposure later in adulthood. RVM tissues from two treatment protocols were used: (1) neonatal zymosan exposures with acute adult rechallenge (RC) and (2) only neonatal zymosan exposures (NRC). RNAseq analysis showed upregulation of several genes associated with synaptic plasticity (Grin1, Grip2, Notch1, Arc, and Scn2b) in the cystitis groups compared to controls in both protocols. The RC protocol exhibited a stronger treatment effect with significantly higher fold differences between the groups compared to the NRC protocol (p < 0.001, fold differences RC vs NRC). In microarrays, miR-34a-5p showed cystitis-induced downregulation in both protocols. Bioinformatics analysis identified multiple 3'UTRs complementary binding sites for miR-34a-5p on Grin2b, Notch1, Grip2, Scn2b, and Arc genes. The enhanced response in the RC protocol indicates a possible priming effect of early life cystitis on rechallenge in adulthood. These long-term molecular alterations may play a critical role in the development of chronic bladder pain conditions as seen in patients with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder pain syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Talluri
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sankar Addya
- Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maia Terashvili
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Bidyut K Medda
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Anjishnu Banerjee
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Reza Shaker
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jyoti N Sengupta
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Banani Banerjee
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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11
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Pelletier OB, Brunori G, Wang Y, Robishaw JD. Post-transcriptional regulation and subcellular localization of G-protein γ7 subunit: implications for striatal function and behavioral responses to cocaine. Front Neuroanat 2024; 18:1394659. [PMID: 38764487 PMCID: PMC11100332 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2024.1394659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The striatal D1 dopamine receptor (D1R) and A2a adenosine receptor (A2aR) signaling pathways play important roles in drug-related behaviors. These receptors activate the Golf protein comprised of a specific combination of αolfβ2γ7 subunits. During assembly, the γ7 subunit sets the cellular level of the Golf protein. In turn, the amount of Golf protein determines the collective output from both D1R and A2aR signaling pathways. This study shows the Gng7 gene encodes multiple γ7 transcripts differing only in their non-coding regions. In striatum, Transcript 1 is the predominant isoform. Preferentially expressed in the neuropil, Transcript 1 is localized in dendrites where it undergoes post-transcriptional regulation mediated by regulatory elements in its 3' untranslated region that contribute to translational suppression of the γ7 protein. Earlier studies on gene-targeted mice demonstrated loss of γ7 protein disrupts assembly of the Golf protein. In the current study, morphological analysis reveals the loss of the Golf protein is associated with altered dendritic morphology of medium spiny neurons. Finally, behavioral analysis of conditional knockout mice with cell-specific deletion of the γ7 protein in distinct populations of medium spiny neurons reveals differential roles of the Golf protein in mediating behavioral responses to cocaine. Altogether, these findings provide a better understanding of the regulation of γ7 protein expression, its impact on Golf function, and point to a new potential target and mechanisms for treating addiction and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver B. Pelletier
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Gloria Brunori
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Yingcai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Janet D. Robishaw
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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12
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Liu Y, Meng XK, Shao WZ, Liu YQ, Tang C, Deng SS, Tang CF, Zheng L, Guo W. miR-34a/TAN1/CREB Axis Engages in Alleviating Oligodendrocyte Trophic Factor-Induced Myelin Repair Function and Astrocyte-Dependent Neuroinflammation in the Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease: The Anti-Neurodegenerative Effect of Treadmill Exercise. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1105-1120. [PMID: 38289520 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04108-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Reduced myelin stability observed in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease leads to spatial learning and memory impairment. Exercise has been shown to protect nerves, reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and strengthen synaptic connectivity. However, the underlying mechanisms of how exercise can promote myelin repair and coordinate inflammation and proliferation are still uncertain. In this study, we conducted histological and biochemical assays of cortical lysates after behavioral testing to detect pathological changes, myelin sheath thickness, and mRNA and protein levels. It is notable that D-galactose model mice exhibited elevated miRNA-34a levels, overactive astrocytes, decreased myelin staining scores, increased apoptosis, and decreased synaptic plasticity in the brain. Significantly, after eight weeks of exercise, we observed improvements in LFB scores, NeuN( +) neuron counts, and myelin basic protein (MBP) expression. Additionally, exercise promoted the expression of oligodendrocyte markers Olig2 and PDFGR-α associated with brain proliferation, and improved spatial cognitive function. Furthermore, it decreased the inflammation caused by astrocyte secretions (TNF-α, Cox-2, CXCL2). Interestingly, we also observed downregulation of miR-34a and activation of the TAN1/PI3K/CREB signaling pathway. Our data shed light on a previously unsuspected mechanism by which exercise reduces miR-34a levels and protects neuronal function and survival by preventing excessive demyelination and inflammatory infiltration in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Wen-Zhen Shao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Ya-Qun Liu
- Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Si-Si Deng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Chang-Fa Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
- Hunan Province Sports Public Service Research Base, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, 529 LuShanNan Road, Changsha, 410012, China.
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13
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Cabrera GT, Meijboom KE, Abdallah A, Tran H, Foster Z, Weiss A, Wightman N, Stock R, Gendron T, Gruntman A, Giampetruzzi A, Petrucelli L, Brown RH, Mueller C. Artificial microRNA suppresses C9ORF72 variants and decreases toxic dipeptide repeat proteins in vivo. Gene Ther 2024; 31:105-118. [PMID: 37752346 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-023-00418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, causing progressive muscle weakness and respiratory failure. The presence of an expanded hexanucleotide repeat in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) is the most frequent mutation causing familial ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To determine if suppressing expression of C9ORF72 gene products can reduce toxicity, we designed a set of artificial microRNAs (amiRNA) targeting the human C9ORF72 gene. Here we report that an AAV9-mediated amiRNA significantly suppresses expression of the C9ORF72 mRNA, protein, and toxic dipeptide repeat proteins generated by the expanded repeat in the brain and spinal cord of C9ORF72 transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Toro Cabrera
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Katharina E Meijboom
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Abbas Abdallah
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Helene Tran
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Zachariah Foster
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Nicholas Wightman
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Rachel Stock
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Tania Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Alisha Gruntman
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Anthony Giampetruzzi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
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14
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Rochín-Hernández LJ, Rochín-Hernández LS, Padilla-Cristerna ML, Duarte-García A, Jiménez-Acosta MA, Figueroa-Corona MP, Meraz-Ríos MA. Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Familial Alzheimer's Patients Express MicroRNA Differently. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1580. [PMID: 38338859 PMCID: PMC10855944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the predominant form of dementia globally. No reliable diagnostic, predictive techniques, or curative interventions are available. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital to controlling gene expression, making them valuable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. This study examines the transcriptome of olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from individuals with the PSEN1(A431E) mutation (Jalisco mutation). The aim is to determine whether this mutation affects the transcriptome and expression profile of miRNAs and their target genes at different stages of asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and symptomatic conditions. Expression microarrays compare the MSCs from mutation carriers with those from healthy donors. The results indicate a distinct variation in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs among different symptomatologic groups and between individuals with the mutation. Using bioinformatics tools allows us to identify target genes for miRNAs, which in turn affect various biological processes and pathways. These include the cell cycle, senescence, transcription, and pathways involved in regulating the pluripotency of stem cells. These processes are closely linked to inter- and intracellular communication, vital for cellular functioning. These findings can enhance our comprehension and monitoring of the disease's physiological processes, identify new disorder indicators, and develop innovative treatments and diagnostic tools for preventing or treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lory J. Rochín-Hernández
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.J.R.-H.); (M.L.P.-C.); (A.D.-G.); (M.A.J.-A.); (M.P.F.-C.)
| | - Lory S. Rochín-Hernández
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico;
| | - Mayte L. Padilla-Cristerna
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.J.R.-H.); (M.L.P.-C.); (A.D.-G.); (M.A.J.-A.); (M.P.F.-C.)
| | - Andrea Duarte-García
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.J.R.-H.); (M.L.P.-C.); (A.D.-G.); (M.A.J.-A.); (M.P.F.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Jiménez-Acosta
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.J.R.-H.); (M.L.P.-C.); (A.D.-G.); (M.A.J.-A.); (M.P.F.-C.)
| | - María P. Figueroa-Corona
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.J.R.-H.); (M.L.P.-C.); (A.D.-G.); (M.A.J.-A.); (M.P.F.-C.)
| | - Marco A. Meraz-Ríos
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.J.R.-H.); (M.L.P.-C.); (A.D.-G.); (M.A.J.-A.); (M.P.F.-C.)
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15
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Schreiber S, Daum P, Danzer H, Hauke M, Jäck HM, Wittmann J. Identification of miR-128 Target mRNAs That Are Expressed in B Cells Using a Modified Dual Luciferase Vector. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1517. [PMID: 37892199 PMCID: PMC10605364 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21-25 nucleotide long non-coding ribonucleic acids that modulate gene expression by degrading transcripts or inhibiting translation. The miRNA miR-128, originally thought to be brain-specific, was later also found in immune cells. To identify a valuable immune cell model system to modulate endogenous miR-128 amounts and to validate predicted miR-128 target mRNAs in B cells, we first investigated miR-128 expression using Northern blot analysis in several cell lines representing different stages of B cell development. The results showed that only primary brain cells showed significant levels of mature miR-128. To study the function of miR-128 in immune cells, we modified dual luciferase vectors to allow easy transfer of 3' UTR fragments with predicted miR-128 binding sites from widely used single to dual luciferase vectors. Comparison of in silico predicted miR-128-regulated mRNAs in single and dual luciferase constructs yielded similar results, validating the dual luciferase vector for miRNA target analysis. Furthermore, we confirmed miR-128-regulated mRNAs identified in silico and in vivo using the Ago HITS-CLIP technique and known to be expressed in B cells using the dual luciferase assay. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the expression and function of miR-128 by validating novel target mRNAs expressed in B cells and identifying additional pathways likely controlled by this miRNA in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jürgen Wittmann
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center of Molecular Medicine (NFZ), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstraße 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Brindley E, Heiland M, Mooney C, Diviney M, Mamad O, Hill TDM, Yan Y, Venø MT, Reschke CR, Batool A, Langa E, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Heller JP, Morris G, Conboy K, Kjems J, Brennan GP, Henshall DC. Brain cell-specific origin of circulating microRNA biomarkers in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1230942. [PMID: 37808470 PMCID: PMC10556253 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1230942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of epilepsy is complex and challenging and would benefit from the availability of molecular biomarkers, ideally measurable in a biofluid such as blood. Experimental and human epilepsy are associated with altered brain and blood levels of various microRNAs (miRNAs). Evidence is lacking, however, as to whether any of the circulating pool of miRNAs originates from the brain. To explore the link between circulating miRNAs and the pathophysiology of epilepsy, we first sequenced argonaute 2 (Ago2)-bound miRNAs in plasma samples collected from mice subject to status epilepticus induced by intraamygdala microinjection of kainic acid. This identified time-dependent changes in plasma levels of miRNAs with known neuronal and microglial-cell origins. To explore whether the circulating miRNAs had originated from the brain, we generated mice expressing FLAG-Ago2 in neurons or microglia using tamoxifen-inducible Thy1 or Cx3cr1 promoters, respectively. FLAG immunoprecipitates from the plasma of these mice after seizures contained miRNAs, including let-7i-5p and miR-19b-3p. Taken together, these studies confirm that a portion of the circulating pool of miRNAs in experimental epilepsy originates from the brain, increasing support for miRNAs as mechanistic biomarkers of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Brindley
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mona Heiland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Mooney
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mairead Diviney
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Omar Mamad
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas D. M. Hill
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yan Yan
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Omiics ApS, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten T. Venø
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Omiics ApS, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cristina R. Reschke
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aasia Batool
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Langa
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Janosch P. Heller
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gareth Morris
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Conboy
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gary P. Brennan
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C. Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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17
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Mohammadi P, Nadri S, Abdanipour A, Mortazavi Y. Microchip encapsulation and microRNA-7 overexpression of trabecular meshwork mesenchymal stem/stromal cells improve motor function after spinal cord injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1482-1494. [PMID: 37042544 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of stem cells and microencapsulation through microfluidic chips has shown more promising results in treating complex conditions, such as spinal cord injury (SCI), than traditional treatments. This study aimed to investigate the potency of neural differentiation and its therapeutic role in SCI animal model of trabecular meshwork mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (TMMSCs) via miR-7 overexpression and microchip-encapsulated. TMMSCs are transduced with miR-7 via a lentiviral vector (TMMSCs-miR-7[+]) and encapsulated in alginate-reduced graphene oxide (alginate-rGO) hydrogel via a microfluidic chip. Neuronal differentiation of transduced cells in hydrogel (3D) and tissue cultures plate (2D) was assessed by expressing specific mRNAs and proteins. Further evaluation is being carried out through 3D and 2D TMMSCs-miR-7(+ and -) transplantation into the rat contusion SCI model. TMMSCs-miR-7(+) encapsulated in the microfluidic chip (miR-7-3D) increased nestin, β-tubulin III, and MAP-2 expression compared with 2D culture. Moreover, miR-7-3D could improve locomotor behavior in contusion SCI rats, decrease cavity size, and increase myelination. Our results revealed that miR-7 and alginate-rGO hydrogel were involved in the neuronal differentiation of TMMSCs in a time-dependent manner. In addition, the microfluidic-encapsulated miR-7 overexpression TMMSCs represented a better survival and integration of the transplanted cells and the repair of SCI. Collectively, the combination of miR-7 overexpression and encapsulation of TMMSCs in hydrogels may represent a promising new treatment for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdanipour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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18
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Olufunmilayo EO, Holsinger RMD. Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12498. [PMID: 37569871 PMCID: PMC10420049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is accompanied by deficits in memory and cognitive functions. The disease is pathologically characterised by the accumulation and aggregation of an extracellular peptide referred to as amyloid-β (Aβ) in the form of amyloid plaques and the intracellular aggregation of a hyperphosphorelated protein tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that cause neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and oxidative stress. The search for pathomechanisms leading to disease onset and progression has identified many key players that include genetic, epigenetic, behavioural, and environmental factors, which lend support to the fact that this is a multi-faceted disease where failure in various systems contributes to disease onset and progression. Although the vast majority of individuals present with the sporadic (non-genetic) form of the disease, dysfunctions in numerous protein-coding and non-coding genes have been implicated in mechanisms contributing to the disease. Recent studies have provided strong evidence for the association of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with AD. In this review, we highlight the current findings on changes observed in circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in AD. Variations in these ncRNAs could potentially serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. We also discuss the results of studies that have targeted these ncRNAs in cellular and animal models of AD with a view for translating these findings into therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O. Olufunmilayo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Road, Oritamefa, Ibadan 200212, Nigeria
| | - R. M. Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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19
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Walgrave H, Penning A, Tosoni G, Snoeck S, Davie K, Davis E, Wolfs L, Sierksma A, Mars M, Bu T, Thrupp N, Zhou L, Moechars D, Mancuso R, Fiers M, Howden AJ, De Strooper B, Salta E. microRNA-132 regulates gene expression programs involved in microglial homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:106829. [PMID: 37250784 PMCID: PMC10213004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNA-132 (miR-132), a known neuronal regulator, is one of the most robustly downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Increasing miR-132 in AD mouse brain ameliorates amyloid and Tau pathologies, and also restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis and memory deficits. However, the functional pleiotropy of miRNAs requires in-depth analysis of the effects of miR-132 supplementation before it can be moved forward for AD therapy. We employ here miR-132 loss- and gain-of-function approaches using single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics, and in silico AGO-CLIP datasets to identify molecular pathways targeted by miR-132 in mouse hippocampus. We find that miR-132 modulation significantly affects the transition of microglia from a disease-associated to a homeostatic cell state. We confirm the regulatory role of miR-132 in shifting microglial cell states using human microglial cultures derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Walgrave
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amber Penning
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Snoeck
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kristofer Davie
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Bioinformatics Core Facility, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emma Davis
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Leen Wolfs
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annerieke Sierksma
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mayte Mars
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taofeng Bu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Diederik Moechars
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Renzo Mancuso
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrew J.M. Howden
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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20
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Kołosowska KA, Schratt G, Winterer J. microRNA-dependent regulation of gene expression in GABAergic interneurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1188574. [PMID: 37213213 PMCID: PMC10196030 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1188574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Information processing within neuronal circuits relies on their proper development and a balanced interplay between principal and local inhibitory interneurons within those circuits. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibitory interneurons are a remarkably heterogeneous population, comprising subclasses based on their morphological, electrophysiological, and molecular features, with differential connectivity and activity patterns. microRNA (miRNA)-dependent post-transcriptional control of gene expression represents an important regulatory mechanism for neuronal development and plasticity. miRNAs are a large group of small non-coding RNAs (21-24 nucleotides) acting as negative regulators of mRNA translation and stability. However, while miRNA-dependent gene regulation in principal neurons has been described heretofore in several studies, an understanding of the role of miRNAs in inhibitory interneurons is only beginning to emerge. Recent research demonstrated that miRNAs are differentially expressed in interneuron subclasses, are vitally important for migration, maturation, and survival of interneurons during embryonic development and are crucial for cognitive function and memory formation. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding miRNA-dependent regulation of gene expression in interneuron development and function. We aim to shed light onto mechanisms by which miRNAs in GABAergic interneurons contribute to sculpting neuronal circuits, and how their dysregulation may underlie the emergence of numerous neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerhard Schratt
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Winterer
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Zhao M, Li J, Gao Z, Guo D, Yang Y, Wang F, Wang L, Yang Y, He X, Li H, Chang S. miR-145a-5p/Plexin-A2 promotes the migration of OECs and transplantation of miR-145a-5p engineered OECs promotes the functional recovery in rats with SCI. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 182:106129. [PMID: 37068642 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) serve as a bridge by migrating at the site of spinal cord injury (SCI) to facilitate the repair of the neural structure and neural function. However, OEC migration at the injury site not only faces the complex and disordered internal environment but also is closely associated with the migration ability of OECs. METHODS We extracted OECs from the olfactory bulb of SD rats aged <7 days old. We verified the micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-145a-5p expression level in the gene chip after SCI and OEC transplantation using quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The possible target gene Plexin-A2 of miR-145a-5p was screened using bioinformatics and was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay, Western blot, and qRT-PCR. The effect of miR-145a-5p/plexin-A2 on OEC migration ability was verified by wound healing assay, Transwell cell migration assay, and immunohistochemistry. Nerve regeneration was observed at the injured site of the spinal cord after OEC transplantation using tissue immunofluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale were further used for imaging and functional evaluation. RESULTS miR-145a-5p expression in the injured spinal cord tissue after SCI considerably decreased, while Plexin-A2 expression significantly increased. OEC transplantation can reverse miR-145a-5p and Plexin-A2 expression after SCI. miR-145a-5p overexpression enhanced the intrinsic migration ability of OECs. As a target gene of miR-145a-5p, Plexin-A2 hinders OEC migration. OEC transplantation overexpressing miR-145a-5p after SCI can increase miR-145a-5p levels in the spinal cord, reduce Plexin-A2 expression in the OECs and the spinal cord tissue, and promote OEC migration and distribution at the injured site. OEC transplantation overexpressing miR-145a-5p can promote the regeneration and repair of neural morphology and neural function. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that miR-145a-5p could promote OEC migration to the injured spinal cord after cell transplantation by down-regulating the target gene Plexin-A2, thereby repairing the neural structure and function after SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinChao Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Zhengchao Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Yubing Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China
| | - Lumin Wang
- Gastroenterology department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xijing He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Haopeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China.
| | - Su'e Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710004, China.
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22
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Wu ZD, Feng Y, Ma ZX, Liu Z, Xiong HH, Zhou ZP, Ouyang LS, Xie FK, Tang YM. MicroRNAs: protective regulators for neuron growth and development. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:734-745. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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23
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Pinapati KK, Tandon R, Tripathi P, Srivastava N. Recent advances to overcome the burden of Japanese encephalitis: A zoonotic infection with problematic early detection. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2383. [PMID: 35983697 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vector-borne neurotropic disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) associated with high mortality rate distributed from Eastern and Southern Asia to Northern Queensland (Australia). The challenges in early detection and lack of point-of-care biomarkers make it the most important Flavivirus causing encephalitis. There is no specific treatment for the disease, although vaccines are licenced. In this review, we focussed on point-of-care biomarkers as early detection tools and developing the effective therapeutic agents that could halt JE. We have also provided molecular details of JEV, disease progression, and its pathogenesis with recent findings which might bring insights to overcome the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Kumar Pinapati
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| | - Reetika Tandon
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| | - Pratima Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
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24
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Tan Z, Li W, Cheng X, Zhu Q, Zhang X. Non-Coding RNAs in the Regulation of Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Potential Treatment Targets for Related Disorders. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010018. [PMID: 36671403 PMCID: PMC9855933 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and piRNAs, do not encode proteins. Nonetheless, they have critical roles in a variety of cellular activities-such as development, neurogenesis, degeneration, and the response to injury to the nervous system-via protein translation, RNA splicing, gene activation, silencing, modifications, and editing; thus, they may serve as potential targets for disease treatment. The activity of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus critically influences hippocampal function, including learning, memory, and emotion. ncRNAs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis, including proliferation, differentiation, and migration of NSCs and synapse formation. The interaction among ncRNAs is complex and diverse and has become a major topic within the life science. This review outlines advances in research on the roles of ncRNAs in modulating NSC bioactivity in the hippocampus and discusses their potential applications in the treatment of illnesses affecting the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengye Tan
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neurobiology, Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neurobiology, Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neurobiology, Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neurobiology, Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Central Lab, Yancheng Third People’s Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng 224001, China
- Correspondence:
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25
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Stage- and Subfield-Associated Hippocampal miRNA Expression Patterns after Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123012. [PMID: 36551767 PMCID: PMC9775180 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles before and after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in the cornu ammonis (CA) and dentated gyrus (DG) areas of the mouse hippocampus, and to predict the downstream proteins and related pathways based on bioinformatic analysis. METHODS An epileptic mouse model was established using a pilocarpine injection. Brain tissues from the CA and DG were collected separately for miRNA analysis. The miRNAs were extracted using a kit, and the expression profiles were generated using the SurePrint G3 Mouse miRNA microarray and validated. The intersecting genes of TargetScan and miRanda were selected to predict the target genes of each miRNA. For gene ontology (GO) studies, the parent-child-intersection (pci) method was used for enrichment analysis, and Benjamini-Hochberg was used for multiple test correction. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to detect disease-related pathways among the large list of miRNA-targeted genes. All analyses mentioned above were performed at the time points of control, days 3, 14, and 60 post-SE. RESULTS Control versus days 3, 14, and 60 post-SE: in the CA area, a total of 131 miRNAs were differentially expressed; 53, 49, and 26 miRNAs were upregulated and 54, 10, and 22 were downregulated, respectively. In the DG area, a total of 171 miRNAs were differentially expressed; furthermore, 36, 32, and 28 miRNAs were upregulated and 78, 58, and 44 were downregulated, respectively. Of these, 92 changed in both the CA and DG, 39 only in the CA, and 79 only in the DG area. The differentially expressed miRNAs target 11-1630 genes. Most of these proteins have multiple functions in epileptogenesis. There were 15 common pathways related to altered miRNAs: nine different pathways in the CA and seven in the DG area. CONCLUSIONS Stage- and subfield-associated hippocampal miRNA expression patterns are closely related to epileptogenesis, although the detailed mechanisms need to be explored in the future.
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26
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Yamada S, Kita J, Shinmura D, Nakamura Y, Sahara S, Misawa K, Nakanishi H. Update on Findings about Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Insight into Its Pathogenesis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6387. [PMID: 36362614 PMCID: PMC9653771 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is routinely encountered and is one of the most common emergent diseases in otolaryngology clinics. However, the etiology of SSNHL remains unclear. Due to the inaccessibility of the living human inner ear for biopsy, studies investigating the etiology of SSNHL have been performed by analyzing data obtained from examinations using peripheral blood or imaging. We updated the findings obtained from serological, magnetic resonance imaging, genetic, and viral examinations to reveal the etiology of SSNHL. Regarding viral examination, we focused on sensorineural hearing loss associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) because the number of correlated reports has been increasing after the outbreak. The updated findings revealed the following three possible mechanisms underlying the development of SSNHL: thrombosis and resulting vascular obstruction in the cochlea, asymptomatic viral infection and resulting damage to the cochlea, and cochlear inflammation and resulting damage to the cochlea. Thrombosis and viral infection are predominant, and cochlear inflammation can be secondarily induced through viral infection or even thrombosis. The findings about sensorineural hearing loss associated with COVID-19 supported the possibility that asymptomatic viral infection is one of the etiologies of SSNHL, and the virus can infect inner ear tissues and directly damage them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Junya Kita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Daichi Shinmura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Sosuke Sahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Numazu City Hospital, Numazu 410-0302, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Misawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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27
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Hou H, Chan C, Yuki KE, Sokolowski D, Roy A, Qu R, Uusküla-Reimand L, Faykoo-Martinez M, Hudson M, Corre C, Goldenberg A, Zhang Z, Palmert MR, Wilson MD. Postnatal developmental trajectory of sex-biased gene expression in the mouse pituitary gland. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:57. [PMID: 36221127 PMCID: PMC9552479 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pituitary gland regulates essential physiological processes such as growth, pubertal onset, stress response, metabolism, reproduction, and lactation. While sex biases in these functions and hormone production have been described, the underlying identity, temporal deployment, and cell-type specificity of sex-biased pituitary gene regulatory networks are not fully understood. METHODS To capture sex differences in pituitary gene regulation dynamics during postnatal development, we performed 3' untranslated region sequencing and small RNA sequencing to ascertain gene and microRNA expression, respectively, across five postnatal ages (postnatal days 12, 22, 27, 32, 37) that span the pubertal transition in female and male C57BL/6J mouse pituitaries (n = 5-6 biological replicates for each sex at each age). RESULTS We observed over 900 instances of sex-biased gene expression and 17 sex-biased microRNAs, with the majority of sex differences occurring with puberty. Using miRNA-gene target interaction databases, we identified 18 sex-biased genes that were putative targets of 5 sex-biased microRNAs. In addition, by combining our bulk RNA-seq with publicly available male and female mouse pituitary single-nuclei RNA-seq data, we obtained evidence that cell-type proportion sex differences exist prior to puberty and persist post-puberty for three major hormone-producing cell types: somatotropes, lactotropes, and gonadotropes. Finally, we identified sex-biased genes in these three pituitary cell types after accounting for cell-type proportion differences between sexes. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the identity and postnatal developmental trajectory of sex-biased gene expression in the mouse pituitary. This work also highlights the importance of considering sex biases in cell-type composition when understanding sex differences in the processes regulated by the pituitary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayun Hou
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cadia Chan
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kyoko E Yuki
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dustin Sokolowski
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Roy
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rihao Qu
- Interdepartmental Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Mariela Faykoo-Martinez
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matt Hudson
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina Corre
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Goldenberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhaolei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark R Palmert
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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28
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LaPierre MP, Lawler K, Godbersen S, Farooqi IS, Stoffel M. MicroRNA-7 regulates melanocortin circuits involved in mammalian energy homeostasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5733. [PMID: 36175420 PMCID: PMC9522793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate physiological responses by repressing the expression of gene networks. We found that global deletion of microRNA-7 (miR-7), the most enriched miRNA in the hypothalamus, causes obesity in mice. Targeted deletion of miR-7 in Single-minded homolog 1 (Sim1) neurons, a critical component of the hypothalamic melanocortin pathway, causes hyperphagia, obesity and increased linear growth, mirroring Sim1 and Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) haplo-insufficiency in mice and humans. We identified Snca (α-Synuclein) and Igsf8 (Immunoglobulin Superfamily Member 8) as miR-7 target genes that act in Sim1 neurons to regulate body weight and endocrine axes. In humans, MIR-7-1 is located in the last intron of HNRNPK, whose promoter drives the expression of both genes. Genetic variants at the HNRNPK locus that reduce its expression are associated with increased height and truncal fat mass. These findings demonstrate that miR-7 suppresses gene networks involved in the hypothalamic melanocortin pathway to regulate mammalian energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P LaPierre
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katherine Lawler
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Svenja Godbersen
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - I Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Li S, Lei Z, Sun T. The role of microRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases: a review. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:53-83. [PMID: 36125599 PMCID: PMC9486770 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs which are essential post-transcriptional gene regulators in various neuronal degenerative diseases and playact a key role in these physiological progresses. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and, stroke, are seriously threats to the life and health of all human health and life kind. Recently, various studies have reported that some various miRNAs can regulate the development of neurodegenerative diseases as well as act as biomarkers to predict these neuronal diseases conditions. Endogenic miRNAs such as miR-9, the miR-29 family, miR-15, and the miR-34 family are generally dysregulated in animal and cell models. They are involved in regulating the physiological and biochemical processes in the nervous system by targeting regulating different molecular targets and influencing a variety of pathways. Additionally, exogenous miRNAs derived from homologous plants and defined as botanmin, such as miR2911 and miR168, can be taken up and transferred by other species to be and then act analogously to endogenic miRNAs to regulate the physiological and biochemical processes. This review summarizes the mechanism and principle of miRNAs in the treatment of some neurodegenerative diseases, as well as discusses several types of miRNAs which were the most commonly reported in diseases. These miRNAs could serve as a study provided some potential biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases might be an ideal and/or therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, the role accounted of the prospective exogenous miRNAs involved in mammalian diseases is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhixin Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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MicroRNAs in Learning and Memory and Their Impact on Alzheimer’s Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081856. [PMID: 36009403 PMCID: PMC9405363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory formation rely on the precise spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression, such as microRNA (miRNA)-associated silencing, to fine-tune gene expression for the induction and maintenance of synaptic plasticity. Much progress has been made in presenting direct evidence of miRNA regulation in learning and memory. Here, we summarize studies that have manipulated miRNA expression using various approaches in rodents, with changes in cognitive performance. Some of these are involved in well-known mechanisms, such as the CREB-dependent signaling pathway, and some of their roles are in fear- and stress-related disorders, particularly cognitive impairment. We also summarize extensive studies on miRNAs correlated with pathogenic tau and amyloid-β that drive the processes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although altered miRNA profiles in human patients with AD and in mouse models have been well studied, little is known about their clinical applications and therapeutics. Studies on miRNAs as biomarkers still show inconsistencies, and more challenges need to be confronted in standardizing blood-based biomarkers for use in AD.
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Schell G, Roy B, Prall K, Dwivedi Y. miR-218: A Stress-Responsive Epigenetic Modifier. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040055. [PMID: 35893238 PMCID: PMC9326663 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the epigenetic role of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been a critical development in the field of neuropsychiatry and in understanding their underlying pathophysiology. Abnormalities in miRNA expression are often seen as key to the pathogenesis of many stress-associated mental disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent advances in omics biology have further contributed to this understanding and expanded the role of miRNAs in networking a diverse array of molecular pathways, which are essentially related to the stress adaptivity of a healthy brain. Studies have highlighted the role of many such miRNAs in causing maladaptive changes in the brain's stress axis. One such miRNA is miR-218, which is debated as a critical candidate for increased stress susceptibility. miR-218 is expressed throughout the brain, notably in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). It is expressed at various levels through life stages, as seen by adolescent and adult animal models. Until now, a minimal number of studies have been conducted on human subjects to understand its role in stress-related abnormalities in brain circuits. However, several studies, including animal and cell-culture models, have been used to understand the impact of miR-218 on stress response and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. So far, expression changes in this miRNA have been found to regulate signaling pathways such as glucocorticoid signaling, serotonergic signaling, and glutamatergic signaling. Recently, the developmental role of miR-218 has generated interest, given its increasing expression from adolescence to adulthood and targeting the Netrin-1/DCC signaling pathway. Since miR-218 expression affects neuronal development and plasticity, it is expected that a change in miR-218 expression levels over the course of development may negatively impact the process and make individuals stress-susceptible in adulthood. In this review, we describe the role of miR-218 in stress-induced neuropsychiatric conditions with an emphasis on stress-related disorders.
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Wang Z, Heid B, Lu R, Sachdeva M, Edwards MR, Ren J, Cecere TE, Khan D, Jeboda T, Kirsch DG, Reilly CM, Dai R, Ahmed SA. Deletion of microRNA-183-96-182 Cluster in Lymphocytes Suppresses Anti-DsDNA Autoantibody Production and IgG Deposition in the Kidneys in C57BL/6-Fas lpr/lpr Mice. Front Genet 2022; 13:840060. [PMID: 35873462 PMCID: PMC9301314 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.840060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated miRNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our previous study reported a substantial increase in three miRNAs located at the miR-183-96-182 cluster (miR-183C) in several autoimmune lupus-prone mice, including MRL/lpr and C57BL/6-lpr (B6/lpr). This study reports that in vitro inhibition of miR-182 alone or miR-183C by specific antagomirs in activated splenocytes from autoimmune-prone MRL/lpr and control MRL mice significantly reduced lupus-related inflammatory cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), and IL-6 production. To further characterize the role of miR-182 and miR-183C cluster in vivo in lupus-like disease and lymphocyte phenotypes, we used hCD2-iCre to generate B6/lpr mice with conditional deletion of miR-182 or miR-183C in CD2+ lymphocytes (miR-182-/-B6/lpr and miR-183C-/-B6/lpr). The miR-182-/-B6/lpr and miR-183C-/-B6/lpr mice had significantly reduced deposition of IgG immunocomplexes in the kidney when compared to their respective littermate controls, although there appeared to be no remarkable changes in renal pathology. Importantly, we observed a significant reduction of serum anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in miR-183C-/-B6/lpr mice after reaching 24 weeks-of age compared to age-matched miR-183Cfl/flB6/lpr controls. In vitro activated splenocytes from miR-182-/-B6/lpr mice and miR-183C-/-B6/lpr mice showed reduced ability to produce lupus-associated IFNγ. Forkhead box O1(Foxo1), a previously validated miR-183C miRNAs target, was increased in the splenic CD4+ cells of miR-182-/-B6/lpr and miR-183C-/-B6/lpr mice. Furthermore, in vitro inhibition of Foxo1 with siRNA in splenocytes from miR-182-/-B6/lpr and miR-183C-/-B6/lpr mice significantly increased IFNγ expression following anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation, suggesting that miR-182 and miR-183C miRNAs regulate the inflammatory IFNγ in splenocytes via targeting Foxo1. The deletion of either miR-182 alone or the whole miR-183C cluster, however, had no marked effect on the composition of T and B cell subsets in the spleens of B6/lpr mice. There were similar percentages of CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, as well as Tregs, follicular helper T (TFH), germinal center B (GCB), and plasma cells in the miR-183C-/-B6/lpr and miR-182-/-B6/lpr mice and their respective littermate controls, miR-183Cfl/flB6/lpr and miR-182fl/flB6/lpr mice. Together, our data demonstrate a role of miR-183C in the regulation of anti-dsDNA autoantibody production in vivo in B6/lpr mice and the induction of IFNγ in in vitro activated splenocytes from B6/lpr mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Bettina Heid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Mohit Sachdeva
- Preclinical Lead Immunology, Spark Theraprutics, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael R. Edwards
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - JingJing Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Thomas E. Cecere
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Deena Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Taschua Jeboda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Christopher M. Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Rujuan Dai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - S. Ansar Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMCVM), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Pulcrano S, De Gregorio R, De Sanctis C, Lahti L, Perrone-Capano C, Ponti D, di Porzio U, Perlmann T, Caiazzo M, Volpicelli F, Bellenchi GC. Lmx1a-Dependent Activation of miR-204/211 Controls the Timing of Nurr1-Mediated Dopaminergic Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6961. [PMID: 35805964 PMCID: PMC9266978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons requires a fine temporal and spatial regulation of a very specific gene expression program. Here, we report that during mouse brain development, the microRNA (miR-) 204/211 is present at a high level in a subset of DA precursors expressing the transcription factor Lmx1a, an early determinant for DA-commitment, but not in more mature neurons expressing Th or Pitx3. By combining different in vitro model systems of DA differentiation, we show that the levels of Lmx1a influence the expression of miR-204/211. Using published transcriptomic data, we found a significant enrichment of miR-204/211 target genes in midbrain dopaminergic neurons where Lmx1a was selectively deleted at embryonic stages. We further demonstrated that miR-204/211 controls the timing of the DA differentiation by directly downregulating the expression of Nurr1, a late DA differentiation master gene. Thus, our data indicate the Lmx1a-miR-204/211-Nurr1 axis as a key component in the cascade of events that ultimately lead to mature midbrain dopaminergic neurons differentiation and point to miR-204/211 as the molecular switch regulating the timing of Nurr1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pulcrano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Roberto De Gregorio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Claudia De Sanctis
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Lahti
- The Ludwig Institute, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (L.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Carla Perrone-Capano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Donatella Ponti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, 040100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Umberto di Porzio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Thomas Perlmann
- The Ludwig Institute, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (L.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Massimiliano Caiazzo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Floriana Volpicelli
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gian Carlo Bellenchi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council (C.N.R.), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (R.D.G.); (C.D.S.); (U.d.P.); (M.C.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
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Enhanced Cognition and Neurogenesis in miR-146b Deficient Mice. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132002. [PMID: 35805086 PMCID: PMC9265316 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The miR-146 family consists of two microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-146a and miR-146b, which are both known to suppress a variety of immune responses. Here in this study, we show that miR-146b is abundantly expressed in neuronal cells, while miR-146a is mainly expressed in microglia and astroglia of adult mice. Accordingly, miR-146b deficient (Mir146b-/-) mice exhibited anxiety-like behaviors and enhanced cognition. Characterization of cellular composition of Mir146b-/- mice using flow cytometry revealed an increased number of neurons and a decreased abundancy of astroglia in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, whereas microglia abundancy remained unchanged. Immunohistochemistry showed a higher density of neurons in the frontal cortex of Mir146b-/- mice, enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis as evidenced by an increased proliferation, and survival of newly generated cells with enhanced maturation into neuronal phenotype. No microglial activation or signs of neuroinflammation were observed in Mir146b-/- mice. Further analysis demonstrated that miR-146b deficiency is associated with elevated expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf) mRNA in the hippocampus, which might be at least in part responsible for the observed neuronal expansion and the behavioral phenotype. This hypothesis is partially supported by the positive correlation between performance of mice in the object recognition test and Gdnf mRNA expression in Mir146b-/- mice. Together, these results show the distinct function of miR-146b in controlling behaviors and provide new insights in understanding cell-specific function of miR-146b in the neuronal and astroglial organization of the mouse brain.
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Zhang J, Zhou Y, Guo J, Li L, Liu H, Lu C, Jiang Y, Cui S. MicroRNA-7a2 is required for the development of pituitary stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:357-368. [PMID: 35652338 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pituitary gland is inhabited by a subpopulation of SOX2+ stem cells. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying pituitary stem cell development remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that microRNA-7a (miR-7a) is enriched in the developing pituitary and is spatiotemporally expressed in the pituitary stem cells. Constitutive deletion of miR-7a2 in mice results in pituitary dysplasia emerging during birth, which is primarily manifested as malformed anterior lobes. Using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization, we observe that the specification of hormone-expressing cells is not impeded post miR-7a2 deletion at birth, although the terminal differentiation of gonadotropes is inhibited. Further investigation of neonatal and adult pituitaries in miR-7a2 knockout mice reveals an expansion of the SOX2+ pituitary stem cell compartment. The inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal like transition seems to be responsible for this phenotype, rather than abnormal proliferation or apoptosis. Furthermore, our data suggest that Gli3 and Ckap4 are potential targets of miR-7a in pituitary stem cells. In summary, our results identify miR-7a2 as a crucial factor involved in pituitary stem cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Zhang
- Yangzhou University, 38043, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Yangzhou University, 38043, Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Yewen Zhou
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Yangzhou University, 38043, Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Jiajia Guo
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Liuhui Li
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Hui Liu
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Chenyang Lu
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Ying Jiang
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Sheng Cui
- Yangzhou University, 38043, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Yangzhou University, 38043, Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Yangzhou University, 38043, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;
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Abstract
Research into TBI biomarkers has accelerated rapidly in the past decade owing to the heterogeneous nature of TBI pathologies and management, which pose challenges to TBI evaluation, management, and prognosis. TBI biomarker proteins resulting from axonal, neuronal, or glial cell injuries are widely used and have been extensively studied. However, they might not pass the blood-brain barrier with sufficient amounts to be detected in peripheral blood specimens, and further might not be detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid owing to flow limitations triggered by the injury itself. Despite the advances in TBI research, there is an unmet clinical need to develop and identify novel TBI biomarkers that entirely correlate with TBI pathologies on the molecular level, including mild TBI, and further enable physicians to predict patient outcomes and allow researchers to test neuroprotective agents to limit the extents of injury. Although the extracellular vesicles have been identified and studied long ago, they have recently been revisited and repurposed as potential TBI biomarkers that overcome the many limitations of the traditional blood and CSF assays. Animal and human experiments demonstrated the accuracy of several types of exosomes and miRNAs in detecting mild, moderate, and severe TBI. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the traditional TBI biomarkers that are helpful in clinical practice. Also, we highlight the emerging roles of exosomes and miRNA being the promising candidates under investigation of current research.
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A Proposed Role for Interactions between Argonautes, miRISC, and RNA Binding Proteins in the Regulation of Local Translation in Neurons and Glia. J Neurosci 2022; 42:3291-3301. [PMID: 35444007 PMCID: PMC9034781 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2391-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The first evidence of local translation in the CNS appeared nearly 40 years ago, when electron microscopic studies showed polyribosomes localized to the base of dendritic spines. Since then, local translation has been established as an important regulatory mechanism for gene expression in polarized or functionally compartmentalized cells. While much attention has been placed on characterizing the local transcriptome and regulatory "grammar" directing mRNA localization in neurons and glia, less is understood about how these cells subsequently de-repress mRNA translation in their peripheral processes to produce a rapid translational response to stimuli. MicroRNA-mediated translation regulation offers a possible solution to this question. Not only do miRNAs provide the specificity needed for targeted gene regulation, but association and dynamic interactions between Argonaute (AGO) with sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins may provide a molecular switch to allow for de-repression of target mRNAs. Here, we review the expression and activity of different AGO proteins in miRNA-induced silencing complexes in neurons and glia and discuss known pathways of miRNA-mediated regulation, including activity-dependent pre-miRNA maturation in dendrites. We further detail work on AGO and RNA-binding protein interactions that allow for the reversal of miRNA-mediated translational silencing, and we propose a model for how intercellular communication may play a role in the regulation of local translation.
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Khadka A, Spiers JG, Cheng L, Hill AF. Extracellular vesicles with diagnostic and therapeutic potential for prion diseases. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 392:247-267. [PMID: 35394216 PMCID: PMC10113352 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases (PrD) or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are invariably fatal and pathogenic neurodegenerative disorders caused by the self-propagated misfolding of cellular prion protein (PrPC) to the neurotoxic pathogenic form (PrPTSE) via a yet undefined but profoundly complex mechanism. Despite several decades of research on PrD, the basic understanding of where and how PrPC is transformed to the misfolded, aggregation-prone and pathogenic PrPTSE remains elusive. The primary clinical hallmarks of PrD include vacuolation-associated spongiform changes and PrPTSE accumulation in neural tissue together with astrogliosis. The difficulty in unravelling the disease mechanisms has been related to the rare occurrence and long incubation period (over decades) followed by a very short clinical phase (few months). Additional challenge in unravelling the disease is implicated to the unique nature of the agent, its complexity and strain diversity, resulting in the heterogeneity of the clinical manifestations and potentially diverse disease mechanisms. Recent advances in tissue isolation and processing techniques have identified novel means of intercellular communication through extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contribute to PrPTSE transmission in PrD. This review will comprehensively discuss PrPTSE transmission and neurotoxicity, focusing on the role of EVs in disease progression, biomarker discovery and potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of PrD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Khadka
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Jereme G Spiers
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia. .,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia.
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Spinal cord injury: a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of microRNA alterations. Syst Rev 2022; 11:61. [PMID: 35382886 PMCID: PMC8985297 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-01921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with no current neurorestorative treatments. Clinical trials have been hampered by a lack of meaningful diagnostic and prognostic markers of injury severity and neurologic recovery. Objective biomarkers and novel therapies for SCI represent urgent unmet clinical needs. Biomarkers of SCI that objectively stratify the severity of cord damage could expand the depth and scope of clinical trials and represent targets for the development of novel therapies for acute SCI. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent promising candidates both as informative molecules of injury severity and recovery, and as therapeutic targets. miRNAs are small, regulatory RNA molecules that are tissue-specific and evolutionarily conserved across species. miRNAs have been shown to represent powerful predictors of pathology, particularly with respect to neurologic disorders. METHODS Studies investigating miRNA alterations in all species of animal models and human studies of acute, traumatic SCI will be identified from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. We aim to identify whether SCI is associated with a specific pattern of miRNA expression that is conserved across species, and whether SCI is associated with a tissue- or cell type-specific pattern of miRNA expression. The inclusion criteria for this study will include (1) studies published anytime, (2) including all species, and sexes with acute, traumatic SCI, (3) relating to the alteration of miRNA after SCI, using molecular-based detection platforms including qRT-PCR, microarray, and RNA-sequencing, (4) including statistically significant miRNA alterations in tissues, such as spinal cord, serum/plasma, and/or CSF, and (5) studies with a SHAM surgery group. Articles included in the review will have their titles, abstracts, and full texts reviewed by two independent authors. Random effects meta-regression will be performed, which allows for within-study and between-study variability, on the miRNA expression after SCI or SHAM surgery. We will analyze both the cumulative pooled dataset, as well as datasets stratified by species, tissue type, and timepoint to identify miRNA alterations that are specifically related to the injured spinal cord. We aim to identify SCI-related miRNA that are specifically altered both within a species, and those that are evolutionarily conserved across species, including humans. The analyses will provide a description of the evolutionarily conserved miRNA signature of the pathophysiological response to SCI. DISCUSSION Here, we present a protocol to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the conserved inter- and intra-species miRNA changes that occur due to acute, traumatic SCI. This review seeks to serve as a valuable resource for the SCI community by establishing a rigorous and unbiased description of miRNA changes after SCI for the next generation of SCI biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered through PROSPERO: CRD42021222552 .
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The Novel Competing Endogenous Long Noncoding RNA SM2 Regulates Gonadotropin Secretion in the Hu Sheep Anterior Pituitary by Targeting the Oar-miR-16b/TGF-β/SMAD2 Signaling Pathway. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060985. [PMID: 35326436 PMCID: PMC8947352 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary gonadotropins play a pivotal role in reproduction. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as important regulators in the hypothalamic−pituitary−ovarian (HPO) axis associated with reproduction. However, the contributions of lncRNAs to pituitary gonadotropin secretion remain largely unknown. Therefore, this work was performed to uncover the functional mechanisms of the novel lncRNA TCONS_00083279 (lncRNA SM2) and its potential targeting pathway oar-miR-16b/TGF-beta/SMAD2, which is associated with gonadotropin secretion in sheep pituitary cells. In the present study, the lncRNA SM2 showed high expression levels in the sheep pituitary gland, and it was located in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of pituitary cells. lncRNA SM2 knockdown inhibited pituitary cell proliferation and FSH and LH secretion. The function of the lncRNA SM2 was sponged by oar-miR-16b, and this regulated the growth and gonadotropin secretion of pituitary cells by modulating SMAD2, as shown by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. FSH and LH levels were both upregulated by SMAD2 overexpression. Moreover, the levels of the lncRNA SM2, SMAD2 and TGFR1, as well as FSH and LH, in sheep pituitary cells increased significantly under gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation (p < 0.05). This work illustrates that the lncRNA SM2 regulates gonadotropin secretion in the Hu sheep anterior pituitary by targeting the oar-miR-16b/TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling pathway, providing a valuable resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying sheep reproduction.
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Fishman ES, Han JS, La Torre A. Oscillatory Behaviors of microRNA Networks: Emerging Roles in Retinal Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:831750. [PMID: 35186936 PMCID: PMC8847441 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.831750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A broad repertoire of transcription factors and other genes display oscillatory patterns of expression, typically ranging from 30 min to 24 h. These oscillations are associated with a variety of biological processes, including the circadian cycle, somite segmentation, cell cycle, and metabolism. These rhythmic behaviors are often prompted by transcriptional feedback loops in which transcriptional activities are inhibited by their corresponding gene target products. Oscillatory transcriptional patterns have been proposed as a mechanism to drive biological clocks, the molecular machinery that transforms temporal information into accurate spatial patterning during development. Notably, several microRNAs (miRNAs) -small non-coding RNA molecules-have been recently shown to both exhibit rhythmic expression patterns and regulate oscillatory activities. Here, we discuss some of these new findings in the context of the developing retina. We propose that miRNA oscillations are a powerful mechanism to coordinate signaling pathways and gene expression, and that addressing the dynamic interplay between miRNA expression and their target genes could be key for a more complete understanding of many developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna La Torre
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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TIAN Y, ZHAO R, LI X, ZHOU J, ZHAN D, WANG Y, HE Y, ZHANG J, YUAN H. Alterations of microRNAs expression profiles in small extracellular vesicle after traumatic brain injury in mice. Exp Anim 2022; 71:329-337. [PMID: 35249933 PMCID: PMC9388336 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Tools available for diagnosis and therapy are limited. Small extracellular vesicle (sEV)
microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in TBI disease progression. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in sEV miRNAs expression in the mouse brain extracellular space after
TBI. Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups (12/group). The TBI group was subjected to all surgical procedures and fluid percussion injury (FPI). The sham group only
underwent surgery. Brain specimens were collected 3 h after TBI/sham. The brain sEV were isolated. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. A total of 50 miRNAs were observed to be
differentially expressed (fold change ≥1.5 and P<0.05) after TBI, including 5 upregulated and 45 downregulated. The major enriched Gene Ontology terms were metabolic
processes, cell, intracellular, organelle, cytoplasm, axon, binding, protein kinase activity, protein binding, and protein dimerization activity. The KEGG pathway analysis predicted that the
pathways affected by the variation of miRNAs in sEVs after TBI included the Wnt signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. The changes in five miRNAs were confirmed by qRT-PCR. In
conclusion, this study demonstrated the differential expression of a series of miRNAs in brain sEV after TBI, which might be correlated with post-TBI physiological and pathological
processes. The findings might also provide novel targets for further investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying TBI and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye TIAN
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Ruiting ZHAO
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital
| | - Xiaochun LI
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Ju ZHOU
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Daqiang ZHAN
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Yuanzhi WANG
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Yifan HE
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Jiacheng ZHANG
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Hengjie YUAN
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University
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Xiong J, Zhang H, Zeng B, Liu J, Luo J, Chen T, Sun J, Xi Q, Zhang Y. An Exploration of Non-Coding RNAs in Extracellular Vesicles Delivered by Swine Anterior Pituitary. Front Genet 2021; 12:772753. [PMID: 34912377 PMCID: PMC8667663 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.772753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are lipid bilayer-delimited particles carrying proteins, lipids, and small RNAs. Previous studies have demonstrated that they had regulatory functions both physiologically and pathologically. However, information remains inadequate on extracellular vesicles from the anterior pituitary, a key endocrine organ in animals and humans. In this study, we separated and identified extracellular vesicles from the anterior pituitary of the Duroc swine model. Total RNA was extracted and RNA-seq was performed, followed by a comprehensive analysis of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. Resultantly, we obtained 416 miRNAs, 16,232 lncRNAs, and 495 circRNAs. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the ncRNAs in extracellular vesicles may participate in regulating intracellular signal transduction, cellular component organization or biogenesis, small molecule binding, and transferase activity. The cross-talk between them also suggested that they may play an important role in the signaling process and biological regulation. This is the first report of ncRNA data in the anterior pituitary extracellular vesicles from the duroc swine breed, which is a fundamental resource for exploring detailed functions of extracellular vesicles from the anterior pituitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Role of MicroRNAs in the Development and Progression of the Four Medulloblastoma Subgroups. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246323. [PMID: 34944941 PMCID: PMC8699467 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most frequent malignant brain tumour in children. Medulloblastoma originate during the embryonic stage. They are located in the cerebellum, which is the area of the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for controlling equilibrium and coordination of movements. In 2012, medulloblastoma were divided into four subgroups based on a genome-wide analysis of RNA expression. These subgroups are named Wingless, Sonic Hedgehog, Group 3 and Group 4. Each subgroup has a different cell of origin, prognosis, and response to therapies. Wingless and Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma are so named based on the main mutation originating these tumours. Group 3 and Group 4 have generic names because we do not know the key mutation driving these tumours. Gene expression at the post-transcriptional level is regulated by a group of small single-stranded non-coding RNAs. These microRNA (miRNAs or miRs) play a central role in several cellular functions such as cell differentiation and, therefore, any malfunction in this regulatory system leads to a variety of disorders such as cancer. The role of miRNAs in medulloblastoma is still a topic of intense clinical research; previous studies have mostly concentrated on the clinical entity of the single disease rather than in the four molecular subgroups. In this review, we summarize the latest discoveries on miRNAs in the four medulloblastoma subgroups.
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Walgrave H, Zhou L, De Strooper B, Salta E. The promise of microRNA-based therapies in Alzheimer's disease: challenges and perspectives. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:76. [PMID: 34742333 PMCID: PMC8572071 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-pathway approaches for the treatment of complex polygenic disorders are emerging as alternatives to classical monotarget therapies and microRNAs are of particular interest in that regard. MicroRNA research has come a long way from their initial discovery to the cumulative appreciation of their regulatory potential in healthy and diseased brain. However, systematic interrogation of putative therapeutic or toxic effects of microRNAs in (models of) Alzheimer's disease is currently missing and fundamental research findings are yet to be translated into clinical applications. Here, we review the literature to summarize the knowledge on microRNA regulation in Alzheimer's pathophysiology and to critically discuss whether and to what extent these increasing insights can be exploited for the development of microRNA-based therapeutics in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Walgrave
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, KU, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, KU, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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The neurobiology of non-coding RNAs and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: Pathways, mechanisms and translational opportunities. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101425. [PMID: 34384901 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, advances in sequencing technology and analysis of the human and mouse genome have led to the discovery of many non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including: microRNA, small-interfering RNAs, piwi-associated small RNAs, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. Compared with healthy controls, levels of some ncRNAs are significantly altered in the central nervous system and blood of patients affected by neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the mechanisms are still not fully elucidated, studies have revealed that these highly conserved ncRNAs are important modulators of gene expression, amyloid-β production, tau phosphorylation, inflammation, synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival, all features considered central to AD pathogenesis. Despite considerable difficulties due to their large heterogeneity, and the complexity of their regulatory pathways, research in this rapidly growing field suggests that ncRNAs hold great potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets against AD. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the neurobiology of ncRNA in the context of AD pathophysiology.
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Bazrgar M, Khodabakhsh P, Prudencio M, Mohagheghi F, Ahmadiani A. The role of microRNA-34 family in Alzheimer's disease: A potential molecular link between neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105805. [PMID: 34371173 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that overexpression of the microRNA-34 (miR-34) family in the brain may play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis by targeting and downregulating genes associated with neuronal survival, synapse formation and plasticity, Aβ clearance, mitochondrial function, antioxidant defense system, and energy metabolism. Additionally, elevated levels of the miR-34 family in the liver and pancreas promote the development of metabolic syndromes (MetS), such as diabetes and obesity. Importantly, MetS represent a well-documented risk factor for sporadic AD. This review focuses on the recent findings regarding the role of the miR-34 family in the pathogenesis of AD and MetS, and proposes miR-34 as a potential molecular link between both disorders. A comprehensive understanding of the functional roles of miR-34 family in the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of AD brains may lead to the discovery of a breakthrough treatment strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bazrgar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pariya Khodabakhsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Mohagheghi
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Gley K, Hadlich F, Trakooljul N, Haack F, Murani E, Gimsa U, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Multi-Transcript Level Profiling Revealed Distinct mRNA, miRNA, and tRNA-Derived Fragment Bio-Signatures for Coping Behavior Linked Haplotypes in HPA Axis and Limbic System. Front Genet 2021; 12:635794. [PMID: 34490028 PMCID: PMC8417057 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.635794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of porcine coping behavior (CB) relies on a sophisticated interplay of genetic and epigenetic features. Deep sequencing technologies allowed the identification of a plethora of new regulatory small non-coding RNA (sncRNA). We characterized mRNA and sncRNA profiles of central parts of the physiological stress response system including amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus and adrenal gland using systems biology for integration. Therefore, ten each of high- (HR) and low- (LR) reactive pigs (n = 20) carrying a CB associated haplotype in a prominent QTL-region on SSC12 were selected for mRNA and sncRNA expression profiling. The molecular markers related to the LR group included ATP1B2, MPDU1, miR-19b-5p, let-7g-5p, and 5′-tiRNALeu in the adrenal gland, miR-194a-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-7-1-5p, and miR-107-5p in the hippocampus and CBL and PVRL1 in the hypothalamus. Interestingly, amygdalae of the LR group showed 5′-tiRNA and 5′-tRF (5′-tRFLys, 5′-tiRNALys, 5′-tiRNACys, and 5′-tiRNAGln) enrichment. Contrarily, molecular markers associated with the HR group encompassed miR-26b-5p, tRNAArg, tRNAGlyiF in the adrenal gland, IGF1 and APOD in the amygdala and PBX1, TOB1, and C18orf1 in the hippocampus and miR-24 in the hypothalamus. In addition, hypothalami of the HR group were characterized by 3′-tiRNA enrichment (3′-tiRNAGln, 3′-tiRNAAsn, 3′-tiRNAVal, 3′-tRFPro, 3′-tiRNACys, and 3′-tiRNAAla) and 3′-tRFs enrichment (3′-tRFAsn, 3′-tRFGlu, and 3′-tRFVal). These evidence suggest that tRNA-derived fragments and their cleavage activity are a specific marker for coping behavior. Data integration revealed new bio-signatures of important molecular interactions on a multi-transcript level in HPA axis and limbic system of pigs carrying a CB-associated haplotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Gley
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Frieder Hadlich
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Fiete Haack
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Eduard Murani
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Gimsa
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Behavioral Physiology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
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Hordeaux J, Buza EL, Jeffrey B, Song C, Jahan T, Yuan Y, Zhu Y, Bell P, Li M, Chichester JA, Calcedo R, Wilson JM. MicroRNA-mediated inhibition of transgene expression reduces dorsal root ganglion toxicity by AAV vectors in primates. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/569/eaba9188. [PMID: 33177182 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba9188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Delivering adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors into the central nervous system of nonhuman primates (NHPs) via the blood or cerebral spinal fluid is associated with dorsal root ganglion (DRG) toxicity. Conventional immune-suppression regimens do not prevent this toxicity, possibly because it may be caused by high transduction rates, which can, in turn, cause cellular stress due to an overabundance of the transgene product in target cells. To test this hypothesis and develop an approach to eliminate DRG toxicity, we exploited endogenous expression of microRNA (miR) 183 complex, which is largely restricted to DRG neurons, to specifically down-regulate transgene expression in these cells. We introduced sequence targets for miR183 into the vector genome within the 3' untranslated region of the corresponding transgene messenger RNA and injected vectors into the cisterna magna of NHPs. Administration of unmodified AAV vectors resulted in robust transduction of target tissues and toxicity in DRG neurons. Consistent with the proposal that immune system activity does not mediate this neuronal toxicity, we found that steroid administration was ineffective in alleviating this pathology. However, including miR183 targets in the vectors reduced transgene expression in, and toxicity of, DRG neurons without affecting transduction elsewhere in the primate's brain. This approach might be useful in reducing DRG toxicity and the associated morbidity and should facilitate the development of AAV-based gene therapies for many central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Hordeaux
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Buza
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brianne Jeffrey
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chunjuan Song
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tahsin Jahan
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yanqing Zhu
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter Bell
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mingyao Li
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jessica A Chichester
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Roberto Calcedo
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James M Wilson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Shen K, Liu X, Chen D, Chang J, Zhang Y, Kou X. Voluntary wheel-running exercise attenuates brain aging of rats through activating miR-130a-mediated autophagy. Brain Res Bull 2021; 172:203-211. [PMID: 33964346 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly regulated intracellular process for the degradation of protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Recently, autophagy has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging. Autophagy process is regulated by the recruitment and assembly of several autophagy-related genes (Atgs) such as, Atg7 and LC3, as the highly conserved and important markers involved in the regulation of autophagy. We recently reported the reduced LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, down-regulated ATG7, and increased p62 protein levels in hippocampal tissues of aging rats. MicroRNA-130a (miR-130a) plays a crucial role in physiological and pathological processes, but whether miR-130a affects the autophagy of brain is unknown. We aim to explore the regulatory role of miR-130a on the autophagy and cell senescence of SH-SY5Y, as well as LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, and the expression of p62, ATG7, Ac-p53 and p21 during exercise intervention of aging rats. In this study, miR-130a expression was markedly down-regulated in the hippocampal of aged rats companying with up-regulated expression of Ac-p53 and p21 when compared with young rats. In contrast, voluntary wheel running could up-regulate miR-130a expression; decrease the expression of Ac-p53 and p21 in aging rats. Interestingly, exercise reversed the impaired autophagy resulted from aging possibly by activating AMPK signaling. Moreover, overexpression of miR-130a in d-galactose (D-gal)-induced SH-SY5Y cell senescence model attenuated d-gal-induced impaired autophagy and cell senescence, demonstrated by decreased levels of LC3, Ac-p53, p21 and increased p62, suggesting that voluntary wheel running can alleviate brain aging in natural aging rats by up-regulating miR-130a-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyin Shen
- Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xingran Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jingru Chang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xianjuan Kou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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