1
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Sepulveda Inostroza EA, Bressane A, Schwarzmeier LÂT, Lacerda EB, Anjos KRD, Santos TSPD, Cavalcanti DR, Nascimento FD, Almeida JD, Oliveira Alves MG. Evaluation of micronuclei, cytomorphometric and cytologic changes of the oral mucosa in hookah and cigarette smokers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024:S2212-4403(24)00129-9. [PMID: 38692958 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of hookah and cigarettes on the oral mucosa of smokers through the use of exfoliative cytology. STUDY DESIGN Smear samples were collected by exfoliative cytology from the tongue of 33 hookah smokers, 22 cigarette smokers, and 30 non-smokers. The selected analyses include micronuclei (MN), metanuclear anomalies, epithelial maturation, and cytomorphology (nuclear area [NA], cytoplasmic area [CA], and NA/CA ratio). RESULTS The largest differences observed for MN and metanuclear anomalies were between cigarette smokers and the control group (notably 1 MN P = .04; total cells with MN P = .039; total MN P = .042; karyorrhexis and binucleation, P = .0001). The hookah group, compared with the control group, showed the greatest differences for karyolysis (P = .0023), binucleation (P = .0003), and broken egg (P = .008). Significant differences were found between the smokers and the control groups regarding changes in the superficial cell without nucleus, perinuclear halo, vacuolization, color change, mucus, and keratohyalin granules. There was a significant increase in the NA and NA/CA ratio in the smoker groups. CONCLUSION This study showed that a combined analysis of exfoliative cytology associated with other diagnostic methods is a useful tool for studying oral carcinogenesis. Hookah and cigarettes showed similar effects in terms of displaying substantial cytogenetic and cytotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Antonieta Sepulveda Inostroza
- Technology Research Center (NPT), Universidade Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil; School of Dentistry, Universidade Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Adriano Bressane
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karine Rodrigues Dos Anjos
- Research Center for Lasers and Applications - Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN)/University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fábio Dupart Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
- Technology Research Center (NPT), Universidade Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil; Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Greenfield E, Alves MDS, Rodrigues F, Nogueira JO, da Silva L, de Jesus HP, Cavalcanti DR, Carvalho BFDC, Almeida JD, Mendes MA, Oliveira Alves MG. Preliminary Findings on the Salivary Metabolome of Hookah and Cigarette Smokers. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36845-36855. [PMID: 37841134 PMCID: PMC10569005 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the salivary metabolomic profile of patients who habitually smoke hookah and cigarettes. The groups consisted of 33 regular and exclusive hookah smokers, 26 regular and exclusive cigarette smokers, and 30 nonsmokers. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected for the measurement of salivary metabolites by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The MetaboAnalyst software was used for statistical analysis and evaluation of biomarkers. 11 smoking salivary biomarkers were identified using the area under receiving-operator curver criterion and threshold of 0.9. Xylitol and octadecanol were higher in cigarette smokers compared to controls; arabitol and maltose were higher in controls compared to cigarette smokers; octadecanol and tyramine were higher in hookah smokers compared to controls; phenylalanine was higher in controls compared to hookah smokers; and fructose, isocitric acid, glucuronic acid, tryptamine, maltose, tyramine, and 3-hydroxyisolvaleric acid were higher in hookah smokers compared to cigarettes smokers. Conclusions: The evaluation of the salivary metabolome of hookah smokers, showing separation between the groups, especially between the control versus hookah groups and cigarette versus hookah groups, and it seems to demonstrate that the use of hookah tobacco is more damaging to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Greenfield
- Technology
Research Center (NPT), Universidade de Mogi
das Cruzes, Mogi das
Cruzes 08780-911, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Sá Alves
- Department
of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute
of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues
- Technology
Research Center (NPT), Universidade de Mogi
das Cruzes, Mogi das
Cruzes 08780-911, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruna Fernandes do Carmo Carvalho
- Department
of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute
of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department
of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute
of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Maria Anita Mendes
- Dempster
MS Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
- Technology
Research Center (NPT), Universidade de Mogi
das Cruzes, Mogi das
Cruzes 08780-911, Brazil
- Department
of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute
of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
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Cetkovic Pecar T, Haveric A, Caluk Klacar L, Haveric S, Dzaferspahic A, Mehanovic M, Durmisevic I, Dzaferspahic S, Hadzic Omanovic M. Genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in young adults from Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17073. [PMID: 37332975 PMCID: PMC10276226 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Waterpipe, also known as a hookah or narghile, is a type of tobacco products consumption device. Recently it has been increasingly popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the region. Waterpipe consumers are predominantly adolescents and young adults. Many of them believe in slighter harmful effects of waterpipes, compared to cigarettes. We aimed to determine the DNA damage in oral leukocytes and buccal cells of young individuals who have smoked a waterpipe for more than one year. Methods The study group consisted of 40 cigarette non-smokers who regularly smoked a waterpipe on average of once per week. As a control, 40 non-smoking individuals were selected to match smokers for age. All participants in the study were healthy male and female adults from Bosnia and Herzegovina, 18-30 years of age. Before sampling, detailed survey and informed consent have been provided by each participant. Comet assay in oral leukocytes and buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay in exfoliated buccal cells were applied. Results Almost half of waterpipe smokers (WPS) tasted waterpipe at 15-16 years of age. Comet assay analysis showed increased tail intensity, tail length, and tail moment values among WPS compared to non-smokers (NS) (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0067, and p = 0.0001, respectively). Frequencies of the micronucleated (p = 0.0004), binucleated (p = 0.01), karyorrhectic, (p = 0.0036), and pycnotic cells (p = 0.03) were significantly higher in WPS compared to NS group. Conclusions Genotoxicity and DNA damage biomarkers were increased in oral leukocytes and exfoliated buccal cells of young waterpipe smokers from Bosnia and Herzegovina, compared to NS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Cetkovic Pecar
- University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anja Haveric
- University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lejla Caluk Klacar
- University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sanin Haveric
- University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alen Dzaferspahic
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mahira Mehanovic
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irma Durmisevic
- University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Selma Dzaferspahic
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Maida Hadzic Omanovic
- University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Genetic Association in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zmaja Od Bosne 8, Sarajevo, 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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4
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Grillo R, Khemiss M, da Silva YS. Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Waterpipe on Oral Health Status: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2023; 23:5-12. [PMID: 36865434 PMCID: PMC9974039 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.6.2022.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic impacts of waterpipe smoking on oral health. The databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Dimensions were searched to find studies evaluating whether waterpipe smokers exhibited any cytotoxic or genotoxic effects on their oral cells compared to non-smokers, with regard to mouth neoplasms. Particularly, changes in DNA methylation and p53 expression were assessed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were adopted for the systematic review. Review Manager was utilised for statistical analysis with a significance level at P <0.05. To assess the grades of the included articles, a risk of bias analysis was summarised. A forest plot, including some of the included articles included, was created regarding the different grades. A total of 20 studies were included in this review. The results showed that waterpipe smoking has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on oral cells, with a risk difference of 0.16. Although the published articles are few in number, all confirm the devastating effects of waterpipe smoking related to the carcinogenicity. Waterpipe smoking is harmful to oral health. It causes a series of detrimental cellular and genetic modifications such as acanthosis, epithelial dysplasia and hyperparakeratosis. In addition, waterpipe smoke contains several carcinogenic compounds. As it releases many harmful organic compounds, waterpipe smoking increases the incidence of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Grillo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil,Corresponding Author’s e-mail:
| | - Mehdi Khemiss
- Department of Dental Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yuri S. da Silva
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, UniFG University Center, Guanambi, Brazil
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5
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Adetona O, Mok S, Rajczyk J, Brinkman MC, Ferketich AK. The adverse health effects of waterpipe smoking in adolescents and young adults: A narrative review. Tob Induc Dis 2021; 19:81. [PMID: 34720796 PMCID: PMC8534427 DOI: 10.18332/tid/142521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterpipe (WP) smoking has rapidly grown in popularity in the United States and other Western countries with the fastest uptake among younger individuals. This growth has been encouraged by the misperception that WP smoke is harmless or less harmful than cigarette smoke. To better understand how WP affects the health of young people, we conducted a narrative review of the literature focusing on the adverse health effects of WP smoking in adolescents and younger adults. We searched scientific literature databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ISI Web and selected papers that met the inclusion criteria. Sixty-three papers met the inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Data were abstracted from the selected papers into a standardized table. The evidence demonstrates that WP smoking can cause acute lung infection and injury, and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, in adolescents and young adults. It is also associated with adverse subclinical effects in this sub-population, including oral and systemic genotoxicity, lung function decline, and the alteration of vascular and hemodynamic functions. Limited evidence that is available indicates associations with psychological and neurological effects and asthma. No identified publications examined the association between WP use and type 2 diabetes, a condition that is associated with cigarette smoking among young people. WP smoking by younger individuals can result in their hospitalization due to systemic CO poisoning and acute lung disease, and induce subclinical adverse effects in the oral cavity, pulmonary system, and in circulation, that are involved in the pathogenesis of local and systemic chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olorunfemi Adetona
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Sarah Mok
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Jenna Rajczyk
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Marielle C Brinkman
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Amy K Ferketich
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
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6
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Yang P, Wang S, Liu D, Zhao H, Liu Q, Li G. Potential biological damage of human peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by computed tomography examination of the oromaxillofacial region. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 130:708-716. [PMID: 32591332 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether oromaxillofacial computed tomography (CT) examination causes biologic damage in lymphocytes and whether the biologic damage is related to radiation dose, patient age, or gender. STUDY DESIGN Peripheral blood was taken from 51 individuals and divided into control, in vivo, and in vitro irradiation groups. Biologic damage was assessed by comparing rates of chromosomal aberrations (CAs), including dicentric chromosomes (dics), centric rings, and acentric fragments; and nuclear aberrations, including micronuclei (MN), nuclear buds (NBUDs), and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) in the peripheral blood before and after CT examination. Absorbed and effective doses were calculated with the software VirtualDose, and the blood dose was estimated accordingly. RESULTS The rates of acentric fragments, MN, NBUDs, and NPBs in the in vivo (P ≤ .008) and in vitro (P ≤ .003) irradiation groups were significantly higher than those in the control groups. The acentric fragment rate (P = .013) and MN rate (P = .002) were higher in the in vitro group than in the in vivo group. There was no correlation between change rates of CAs and nuclear aberrations with radiation dose. Positive correlations of MN rates with age were found in all groups (ρ ≥ 0.590). CONCLUSIONS Certain doses of radiation in oromaxillofacial CT examination may induce CAs and nuclear aberrations in lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Denggao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjie Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
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7
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Rajabi-Moghaddam M, Haji Mirzamohammad M, Yahyazadeh E, Gholinia H, Abbaszadeh H. Comparison of Genotoxic Effect in Buccal Exfoliated Cells between Cigarette and Waterpipe Smokers. Acta Cytol 2020; 64:471-476. [PMID: 32316006 DOI: 10.1159/000506893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cytogenetic biomarkers such as micronuclei (MN) are used for the evaluation of exposure to carcinogens and genotoxic effects in oral epithelial cells. Tobacco is one of the strongest carcinogens responsible for the development of cancer in oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to compare the genotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking with that of cigarette smoking. METHODS This case-control study was performed on 30 waterpipe smokers, 30 cigarette smokers, and 30 nonsmokers. Buccal exfoliated cells were prepared using cytobrushes and stained with the Papanicolaou technique. The cytologic slides were examined under a light microscope for counting the number of MN and the number of cells with MN per 1,000 epithelial cells. RESULTS The mean number ± standard deviation (SD) of MN in waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and nonsmokers was 7.55 ± 5.530, 4.95 ± 5.633, and 2.00 ± 2.406, respectively. The mean number ± SD of cells with MN in waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and nonsmokers was 6.20 ± 4.830, 3.50 ± 3.832, and 1.45 ± 1.701, respectively. Numbers of cells with MN differed significantly between waterpipe smokers and cigarette smokers (p = 0.04) and between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.001). Numbers of MN differed significantly between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.001). Numbers of MN did not differ significantly between waterpipe smokers and cigarette smokers (p = 0.10). Numbers of MN and of cells with MN did not differ significantly between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers (p = 0.06 and p = 0.052, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Waterpipe smoking is associated with a significantly higher frequency of MN, and it seems that waterpipe smoking has a greater genotoxic effect than cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Rajabi-Moghaddam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Elham Yahyazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hemmat Gholinia
- Institute of Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran,
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8
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DehghanNezhad M, Jalayer Naderi N, Semyari H. Micronucleus Assay of Buccal Mucosa Cells in Waterpipe (Hookah) Smokers: A Cytologic Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 15:75-80. [PMID: 32215022 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.101701.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective Micronucleus assay of buccal mucosa cells is a simple bio- monitoring method for diagnosing the genetic damages of toxic agents. The aim was to study the genotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking on buccal mucosa cells using micronucleus assay. Methods This was a case control. A total of 30 male waterpipe smokers and 30 non-smokers were included in the study. The exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were scrapped using wooden spatula and were spread over glass slides. The mean number of micronuclei was determined using Feulgen-stained slides. The number of micronuclei per 1000 cells was calculated and compared between the two groups of smokers and non-smokers. Results The mean number of micronuclei in waterpipe smokers and non-smokers was 1.94±0.39 and 1.68±0.35, respectively. The micronuclei count in waterpipe smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers (P=0). The difference between the number of waterpipe smoking and micronuclei count was significantly different (P=0). Conclusion The mean number of micronuclei in buccal mucosa cells of waterpipe smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers. The genotoxicity effect of waterpipe was dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hassan Semyari
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University
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9
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Aljadani RH, Algabbani AM, Alamir JA, Alqahtani AS, BinDhim NF. Waterpipe Tobacco Chemical Content, Microbial Contamination, and Genotoxic Effects: A Systematic Review. Int J Toxicol 2020; 39:256-262. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581820905108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The spread of tobacco smoking has increased over time at the global and national levels. One of the widely spread tobacco products is waterpipe. Recent studies showed that waterpipe tobacco smoke contains toxic substances, including carbon monoxide and nicotine. Some of them are genotoxic carcinogen, such as formaldehyde. This study aims to provide comprehensive insight into the types and depth of the scientific literature on waterpipe tobacco smoke chemical content, its genotoxic effects, and waterpipe device microbial contamination. We conducted a systematic comprehensive review of articles published between 1986 and December 2018. Primary research articles focusing on the content of waterpipe smoke, including chemical, genotoxic, and microbial contaminants, were eligible for inclusion. Of the 1,286 studies generated, 22 studies were included. Twenty-three chemical families were extracted from waterpipe smoke. Aldehydes were the most identified chemical family in 6 studies, and next is polycyclic hydrocarbons, found in 5 studies. About 206 chemical compounds were identified. Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, and Streptococcus were the most abundant pathogen contaminants. Waterpipe smoke had elevated levels of many DNA damage markers (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and cytochrome P450 1A1) and inhibited levels of many DNA repair genes ( OGG1 and XRCC1) in waterpipe smokers. Waterpipe smoke is associated with the genotoxic effect, which elevates the levels of many DNA damage markers and inhibits the levels of many DNA repair genes. In addition, waterpipe smoking can expose smokers to a range of pathogenic bacteria.
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10
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Ashour AA, Haik MY, Sadek KW, Yalcin HC, Bitharas J, Aboulkassim T, Batist G, Yasmeen A, Al Moustafa AE. Substantial Toxic Effect of Water-Pipe Smoking on the Early Stage of Embryonic Development. Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 20:502-507. [PMID: 28605482 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Water-pipe smoking (WPS) is the most widespread tobacco use in the Middle-East, and is rapidly spreading globally. Smoke from WP contains most of the compounds present in cigarette smoke, although in different proportions. WPS is associated with the risk of several human diseases; however, its impact on the early stage of normal development has not been investigated yet. Thus, in this investigation, we assess the effect of WPS on the embryo at the early stage of development. Methods Chicken embryos at 3 days of incubations were used in this study. Meanwhile, we explored the outcome of WPS on angiogenesis using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the chicken embryos. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to study the regulation of some key control genes of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Results Our data reveal that WPS inhibits angiogenesis of the CAM and in embryos in comparison with their matched controls; in addition, WPS-exposed embryos show slight reduction in their sizes. We also noted that around 80% of WPS-exposed embryos die before 10 days of incubation. More significantly, WPS induces upregulations of BCL-2, Caspase-8, ATF-3, INHIB-A, and Cadherin 6 genes, which are important key regulators of cell apoptosis, proliferation, and migration. Conclusion Our data reveal, for the first time, that WPS has very toxic effects during the early stage of embryogenesis. Thus, we believe that further studies are required to elucidate the pathogenic effect of WPS on human health especially on the embryo at the early stage of its development. Implications This investigation addresses an important gap on the outcome of WPS during the early stage of embryogenesis. Data of this study point out that WPS can have a very toxic effect on the embryo at this stage. Additionally, results from this report display for the first time that WPS can damage normal angiogenesis of the embryo thus provoking a significant number of embryonic death. Moreover, this study reveals that this effect can occur via the deregulation of several genes related to cell apoptosis, proliferation, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Bitharas
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tahar Aboulkassim
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gerald Batist
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Oncology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Oncology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Oncology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Syrian Research Cancer Centre of the Syrian Society against Cancer, Aleppo, Syria
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11
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The Effect of Waterpipe Smoking on DNA Integrity Among Youth in Jordan. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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de Geus JL, Wambier LM, Loguercio AD, Reis A. The smokeless tobacco habit and DNA damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e145-e155. [PMID: 30818306 PMCID: PMC6441603 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the frequency of micronuclei or other DNA damage in the oral mucosa of adults that have smokeless tobacco habits compared to adults that not have these habits. MATERIAL AND METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO and Cochrane Library and SIGLE. We also surveyed gray literature. We included only clinical trials that compare the frequency of micronuclei or other DNA damage in the oral mucosa of adults that have smokeless tobacco habits compared to adults that not have these habits. Quality assessments of the selected trials were evaluated by two independent reviewers, using the Effective Public Health Practice Project - (EPHPP) with modifications. RESULTS After the database screening and removal of duplicates, 2574 studies were identified. After title screening, 172 studies remained, and this number was reduced to 25 after careful examination of the abstracts. The standardized mean difference of the frequency of micronuclei between groups was 1.88, with a 95% confidence interval of 1.40 to 2.36 (p < 0.00001). In all analyses heterogeneity was detected. CONCLUSIONS Despite the heterogeneity of studies, the frequency of micronuclei was significant bigger in adults who have the smokeless tobacco habit when compared to those not have this habit. The same occurred with the frequency of binucleated cells, karyolisis and karyorrhexis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-L de Geus
- Rua Joaquim Sá - Dionísio Torres, Fortaleza, CE, 60135-218, Brasil,
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Traina M, Shamsi F. Sacrificing heart and air pipes for a waterpipe: A rising epidemic. IBNOSINA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_76_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Upadhyay M, Verma P, Sabharwal R, Subudhi SK, Jatol-Tekade S, Naphade V, Choudhury BK, Sahoo PD. Micronuclei in Exfoliated Cells: A Biomarker of Genotoxicity in Tobacco Users. Niger J Surg 2019; 25:52-59. [PMID: 31007513 PMCID: PMC6452766 DOI: 10.4103/njs.njs_10_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the tobacco-related genotoxic effects in individual with habit of smoking and chewing tobacco. Materials and Methods: The present study sample consisted of 120 individuals attending the outpatient department of D. J. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh (UP). The sample was divided into four groups as follows: Group I (individuals with habit of smoking tobacco), Group II (individuals with habit of chewing tobacco), Group III (individuals with habit of smoking and chewing tobacco), and Group IV control group (nontobacco-exposed individuals). Patients were asked to rinse their mouth gently with water. The exfoliated cells were obtained by scraping the buccal mucosa of individuals with a wooden spatula. The scraped cells were placed on the precleaned slides. The smears were then stained with RAPID-PAP™ and analyzed under the microscope. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: In the present study, an arbitrary unit was obtained using frequency/day multiplied by the duration of years (risk multiplication factor [RMF], a positive and significant correlation were observed between the RMF and the mean percentage of micronucleated cell count in smokers, chewers, and in individuals with both smoking and chewing habit, respectively. A weak positive and nonsignificant correlation were observed between age and mean percentage of micronucleated cells in smokers and smokers + chewers, respectively, while it was weak negative and nonsignificant in chewers. In control group, correlation between age and percentage of micronucleated cells was weak positive and nonsignificant at 5% level of significance. Conclusion: The micronuclei in exfoliated mucosal cells from buccal mucosa can be used as a biomarker of genotoxicity in predicting the effects of carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Upadhyay
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parul Verma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, IDS, Sehora, Jammu, India
| | - Robin Sabharwal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MMCDSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | | | - Suruchi Jatol-Tekade
- Department of Orthodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Center, Gandhi Nagar, India
| | - Vihang Naphade
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Choudhury
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Szyfter K, Napierala M, Florek E, Braakhuis BJM, Takes RP, Rodrigo JP, Rinaldo A, Silver CE, Ferlito A. Molecular and health effects in the upper respiratory tract associated with tobacco smoking other than cigarettes. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:2635-2643. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Napierala
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of ToxicologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | - Ewa Florek
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of ToxicologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland
| | | | - Robert P. Takes
- International Head & Neck Scientific Group Padua Italy
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical CentreRadboud Institute for Health Sciences Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- International Head & Neck Scientific Group Padua Italy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, IUOPAUniversity of Oviedo, CIBERONC Oviedo Spain
| | - Alessandra Rinaldo
- International Head & Neck Scientific Group Padua Italy
- Department of OtolaryngologyUniversity of Udine School of Medicine Udine Italy
| | - Carl E. Silver
- International Head & Neck Scientific Group Padua Italy
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix AZ
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head & Neck Scientific Group Padua Italy
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Gunes S, Metin Mahmutoglu A, Arslan MA, Henkel R. Smoking-induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in infertile men. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13124. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sezgin Gunes
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
- Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Asli Metin Mahmutoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alper Arslan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
- Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Bioscience; University of the Western Cape; Bellville South Africa
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17
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Alp G, Çakmak G, Sert M, Burgaz Y. Corrosion potential in artificial saliva and possible genotoxic and cytotoxic damage in buccal epithelial cells of patients who underwent Ni-Cr based porcelain-fused-to-metal fixed dental prostheses. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 827:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Benvindo-Souza M, Assis RA, Oliveira EAS, Borges RE, Santos LRDS. The micronucleus test for the oral mucosa: global trends and new questions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27724-27730. [PMID: 29152700 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews global trends in the publication of papers on the micronucleus test of the exfoliated cells of the oral mucosa in mammals as an approach for environmental biomonitoring. This test has been widely used due to its precision for the detection of chromosome damage. Our temporal analysis showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the publication of papers on the oral mucosa over the past 33 years. Brazil was the country that published most papers (24% of the total), followed by India (16%), the USA (10%), Mexico (7%), and Turkey (6%). A further 30 countries contributed the other 37% of the papers. Overall, 99% of the micronucleus studies involved human subjects, and only 1% involved other mammals. As many wild mammals are subject to the same environmental pressures as humans, in particular chemical pollution, it seems likely that many species are equally susceptible to genotoxicogical damage. We emphasize the importance of applying this technique to the analysis of the oral mucosa of wild mammals, as well as the evaluation of its effectiveness, as observed in humans, and the expansion of the available approaches to the monitoring of environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rhayane Alves Assis
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Eliane Andreia Santos Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rinneu Elias Borges
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Rio Verde, UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde, GO, CEP: 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
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