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Watson FN, Shears MJ, Kalata AC, Duncombe CJ, Seilie AM, Chavtur C, Conrad E, Cruz Talavera I, Raappana A, Sather DN, Chakravarty S, Sim BKL, Hoffman SL, Tsuji M, Murphy SC. Ultra-low volume intradermal administration of radiation-attenuated sporozoites with the glycolipid adjuvant 7DW8-5 completely protects mice against malaria. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2881. [PMID: 38311678 PMCID: PMC10838921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation-attenuated sporozoite (RAS) vaccines can completely prevent blood stage Plasmodium infection by inducing liver-resident memory CD8+ T cells to target parasites in the liver. Such T cells can be induced by 'Prime-and-trap' vaccination, which here combines DNA priming against the P. yoelii circumsporozoite protein (CSP) with a subsequent intravenous (IV) dose of liver-homing RAS to "trap" the activated and expanding T cells in the liver. Prime-and-trap confers durable protection in mice, and efforts are underway to translate this vaccine strategy to the clinic. However, it is unclear whether the RAS trapping dose must be strictly administered by the IV route. Here we show that intradermal (ID) RAS administration can be as effective as IV administration if RAS are co-administrated with the glycolipid adjuvant 7DW8-5 in an ultra-low inoculation volume. In mice, the co-administration of RAS and 7DW8-5 in ultra-low ID volumes (2.5 µL) was completely protective and dose sparing compared to standard volumes (10-50 µL) and induced protective levels of CSP-specific CD8+ T cells in the liver. Our finding that adjuvants and ultra-low volumes are required for ID RAS efficacy may explain why prior reports about higher volumes of unadjuvanted ID RAS proved less effective than IV RAS. The ID route may offer significant translational advantages over the IV route and could improve sporozoite vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia N Watson
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Melanie J Shears
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Anya C Kalata
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Caroline J Duncombe
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - A Mariko Seilie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Chris Chavtur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Ethan Conrad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Irene Cruz Talavera
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Andrew Raappana
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - D Noah Sather
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Sanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - B Kim Lee Sim
- Sanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Stephen L Hoffman
- Sanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Moriya Tsuji
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sean C Murphy
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
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Watson FN, Shears MJ, Kalata AC, Duncombe CJ, Seilie AM, Chavtur C, Conrad E, Talavera IC, Raappana A, Sather DN, Chakravarty S, Sim BKL, Hoffman SL, Tsuji M, Murphy SC. Ultra-low volume intradermal administration of radiation-attenuated sporozoites with the glycolipid adjuvant 7DW8-5 completely protects mice against malaria. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3243319. [PMID: 37609210 PMCID: PMC10441511 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3243319/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites and was responsible for over 247 million infections and 619,000 deaths in 2021. Radiation-attenuated sporozoite (RAS) vaccines can completely prevent blood stage infection by inducing protective liver-resident memory CD8+ T cells. Such T cells can be induced by 'prime-and-trap' vaccination, which here combines DNA priming against the P. yoelii circumsporozoite protein (CSP) with a subsequent intravenous (IV) dose of liver-homing RAS to "trap" the activated and expanding T cells in the liver. Prime-and-trap confers durable protection in mice, and efforts are underway to translate this vaccine strategy to the clinic. However, it is unclear whether the RAS trapping dose must be strictly administered by the IV route. Here we show that intradermal (ID) RAS administration can be as effective as IV administration if RAS are co-administrated with the glycolipid adjuvant 7DW8-5 in an ultra-low inoculation volume. In mice, the co-administration of RAS and 7DW8-5 in ultra-low ID volumes (2.5 μL) was completely protective and dose sparing compared to standard volumes (10-50 μL) and induced protective levels of CSP-specific CD8+ T cells in the liver. Our finding that adjuvants and ultra-low volumes are required for ID RAS efficacy may explain why prior reports about higher volumes of unadjuvanted ID RAS proved less effective. The ID route may offer significant translational advantages over the IV route and could improve sporozoite vaccine development.
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Watson FN, Duncombe CJ, Kalata AC, Conrad E, Chakravarty S, Sim BKL, Hoffman SL, Tsuji M, Shears MJ, Murphy SC. Sex-Specific Differences in Cytokine Induction by the Glycolipid Adjuvant 7DW8-5 in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010008. [PMID: 36671393 PMCID: PMC9855660 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
7DW8-5 is a potent glycolipid adjuvant that improves malaria vaccine efficacy in mice by inducing IFN-γ and increasing protective CD8+ T cell responses. The addition of 7DW8-5 was previously shown to improve the efficacy of a CD8+ T cell-mediated heterologous 'prime-and-trap' malaria vaccine against Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite challenge in inbred female mice. Here, we report significant differential sex-specific responses to 7DW8-5 in inbred and outbred mice. Male mice express significantly less IFN-γ and IL-4 compared to females following intravenous 7DW8-5 administration. Additionally, unlike in female mice, 7DW8-5 did not improve the vaccine efficacy against sporozoite challenge in prime-and-trap vaccinated male mice. Our findings highlight the importance of including both female and male sexes in experimental adjuvant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia N. Watson
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Caroline J. Duncombe
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anya C. Kalata
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ethan Conrad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Sanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - B. Kim Lee Sim
- Sanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Stephen L. Hoffman
- Sanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Moriya Tsuji
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Melanie J. Shears
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sean C. Murphy
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Correspondence:
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Xu Y, Zhou Z, Brooks B, Ferguson T, Obliosca J, Huang J, Kaneko I, Iwanaga S, Yuda M, Tsuji Y, Zhang H, Luo CC, Jiang X, Kong XP, Tsuji M, Tison CK. Layer-by-Layer Delivery of Multiple Antigens Using Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Malaria Vaccine Candidate. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900080. [PMID: 36059505 PMCID: PMC9428560 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing a safe and effective malaria vaccine is critical to reducing the spread and resurgence of this deadly disease, especially in children. In recent years, vaccine technology has seen expanded development of subunit protein, peptide, and nucleic acid vaccines. This is due to their inherent safety, the ability to tailor their immune response, simple storage requirements, easier production, and lower expense compared to using attenuated and inactivated organism-based approaches. However, these new vaccine technologies generally have low efficacy. Subunit vaccines, due to their weak immunogenicity, often necessitate advanced delivery vectors and/or the use of adjuvants. A new area of vaccine development involves design of synthetic micro- and nano-particles and adjuvants that can stimulate immune cells directly through their physical and chemical properties. Further, the unique and complex life cycle of the Plasmodium organism, with multiple stages and varying epitopes/antigens presented by the parasite, is another challenge for malaria vaccine development. Targeting multistage antigens simultaneously is therefore critical for an effective malaria vaccine. Here, we rationally design a layer-by-layer (LbL) antigen delivery platform (we called LbL NP) specifically engineered for malaria vaccines. A biocompatible modified chitosan nanoparticle (trimethyl chitosan, TMC) was synthesized and utilized for LbL loading and release of multiple malaria antigens from pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic stages. LbL NP served as antigen/protein delivery vehicles and were demonstrated to induce the highest Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein (PfCSP) specific T-cell responses in mice studies as compared to multiple controls. From immunogenicity studies, it was concluded that two doses of intramuscular injection with a longer interval (4 weeks) than traditional malaria vaccine candidate dosing would be the vaccination potential for LbL NP vaccine candidates. Furthermore, in PfCSP/Py parasite challenge studies we demonstrated protective efficacy using LbL NP. These LbL NP provided a significant adjuvant effect since they may induce innate immune response that led to a potent adaptive immunity to mediate non-specific anti-malarial effect. Most importantly, the delivery of CSP full-length protein stimulated long-lasting protective immune responses even after the booster immunization 4 weeks later in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Luna Labs USA, Biotech Group, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yang Xu,
| | - Ziyou Zhou
- Luna Labs USA, Biotech Group, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Brad Brooks
- Luna Labs USA, Biotech Group, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Tammy Ferguson
- Luna Labs USA, Biotech Group, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Judy Obliosca
- Luna Labs USA, Biotech Group, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jing Huang
- HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Izumi Kaneko
- Department of Medical Zoology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Shiroh Iwanaga
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masao Yuda
- Department of Medical Zoology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tsuji
- HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Huitang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christina C. Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xunqing Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xiang-Peng Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Moriya Tsuji
- HIV and Malaria Vaccine Program, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Wang J, Guillaume J, Janssens J, Remesh SG, Ying G, Bitra A, Van Calenbergh S, Zajonc DM. A molecular switch in mouse CD1d modulates natural killer T cell activation by α-galactosylsphingamides. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14345-14356. [PMID: 31391251 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I natural killer T (NKT) cells are a population of innate like T lymphocytes that rapidly respond to α-GalCer presented by CD1d via the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. While developing novel α-GalCer analogs that were meant to be utilized as potential adjuvants because of their production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Th1 skewers), we generated α-galactosylsphingamides (αGSA). Surprisingly, αGSAs are not potent antigens in vivo despite their strong T-cell receptor (TCR)-binding affinities. Here, using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), antigen presentation assays, and X-ray crystallography (yielding crystal structures of 19 different binary (CD1d-glycolipid) or ternary (CD1d-glycolipid-TCR) complexes at resolutions between 1.67 and 2.85 Å), we characterized the biochemical and structural details of αGSA recognition by murine NKT cells. We identified a molecular switch within murine (m)CD1d that modulates NKT cell activation by αGSAs. We found that the molecular switch involves a hydrogen bond interaction between Tyr-73 of mCD1d and the amide group oxygen of αGSAs. We further established that the length of the acyl chain controls the positioning of the amide group with respect to the molecular switch and works synergistically with Tyr-73 to control NKT cell activity. In conclusion, our findings reveal important mechanistic insights into the presentation and recognition of glycolipids with polar moieties in an otherwise apolar milieu. These observations may inform the development αGSAs as specific NKT cell antagonists to modulate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Joren Guillaume
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (FFW), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonas Janssens
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (FFW), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Soumya G Remesh
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Ge Ying
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Aruna Bitra
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (FFW), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk M Zajonc
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, California 92037 .,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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