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Chao VTT, Lim DWT, Tao M, Thirugnanam A, Koong HN, Lim CH. Tracheobronchial Obstruction as a Result of Mediastinal Mass. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2016; 14:e17-8. [PMID: 16551801 DOI: 10.1177/021849230601400224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A 21-year-old woman presented with almost complete extrinsic airway obstruction due to a massive mediastinal tumor. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for 3 days with concurrent chemotherapy allowed time for tumor shrinkage, ventilation via the endotracheal route, and subsequent successful extubation on the fifth day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor T T Chao
- National Heart Centre, Mistri Wing, 17 Third Hospital Avenue, 168752 Singapore
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2
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Temporary Use of Silicone Stents for Severe Airway Stenosis in Untreated Malignant Lymphoma. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2013; 20:21-7. [DOI: 10.1097/lbr.0b013e3182824365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Groom KL, Ruhl DS, Sniezek JC. Mantle cell lymphoma presenting as a saccular cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011; 146:173-4. [PMID: 21690270 DOI: 10.1177/0194599811412927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Groom
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Hawaii, USA.
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4
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Abstract
Helium-oxygen ("heliox") mixtures have been used for decades in the treatment of various respiratory problems ranging from acute upper airway obstructions to lower airway derangements, such as asthma and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. This review presents a brief history of helium and helium-oxygen mixtures and their potential clinical uses, summarizes the results of past research into heliox in respiratory applications, explains the physiology of heliox, and presents more recent literature relating to heliox in the clinical setting.
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5
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Abstract
Extranodal laryngeal lymphoma is extremely rare. We report a case of primary laryngeal lymphoma in a 76-year-old man who had presented with a 7-week history of progressive hoarseness. Laryngoscopy revealed asymmetry of the right false vocal fold. Pathology of a deep biopsy specimen identified a malignant, diffuse, CD20-positive, B-cell lymphoma. The stage IE lymphoma completely resolved after treatment with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) and rituximab. Despite its relative rarity, the consequences of a missed diagnosis warrant vigilance for this type of laryngeal tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie Word
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wis
| | - Andrew C. Urquhart
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wis
| | - Victor S. Ejercito
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wis
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6
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Thomas D, McMillan W, Mills N, Ahmad Z, Brown TLH. An unusual case of intra-oral frostbite. Burns 2004; 30:199-202. [PMID: 15019135 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2003.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damon Thomas
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, South Auckland Burn Service, Middlemore Hospital, P.O. Box 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland, New Zealand.
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7
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Ahmedzai SH, Laude E, Robertson A, Troy G, Vora V. A double-blind, randomised, controlled Phase II trial of Heliox28 gas mixture in lung cancer patients with dyspnoea on exertion. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:366-71. [PMID: 14735178 PMCID: PMC2409543 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium has a low density and the potential of reducing the work of breathing and improving alveolar ventilation when replacing nitrogen in air. A Phase II, double-blind, randomised, prospective, controlled trial was undertaken to assess whether Heliox28 (72% He/28% O2) compared with oxygen-enriched air (72% N2/28% O2) or medical air (78.9% N2/21.1% O2) could reduce dyspnoea and improve the exercise capability of patients with primary lung cancer and dyspnoea on exertion (Borg >3). A total of 12 patients (seven male, five female patients, age 53–78) breathed the test gases in randomised order via a facemask and inspiratory demand valve at rest and while performing 6-min walk tests. Pulse oximetry (SaO2) was recorded continuously. Respiratory rate and dyspnoea ratings (Borg and VAS) were taken before and immediately post-walk. Breathing Heliox28 at rest significantly increased SaO2 compared to oxygen-enriched air (96±2 cf. 94±2, P<0.01). When compared to medical air, breathing Heliox28 but not oxygen-enriched air gave a significant improvement in the exercise capability (P<0.0001), SaO2 (P<0.05) and dyspnoea scores (VAS, P<0.05) of lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Ahmedzai
- Academic Palliative Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Division (South), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Rd, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - E Laude
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S102TN, UK
- Academic Palliative Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Division (South), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Rd, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK. E-mail:
| | - A Robertson
- Academic Palliative Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Division (South), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Rd, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - G Troy
- Academic Palliative Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Division (South), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Rd, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - V Vora
- Academic Palliative Medicine Unit, Clinical Sciences Division (South), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Rd, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
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8
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Fan AC, Baron TH, Utz JP. Combined tracheal and esophageal stenting for palliation of tracheoesophageal symptoms from mediastinal lymphoma. Mayo Clin Proc 2002; 77:1347-50. [PMID: 12479523 DOI: 10.4065/77.12.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mediastinal lymphoma as a cause of tracheobronchial obstruction is uncommon, and a malignant tracheoesophageal fistula in the setting of mediastinal lymphoma is rare. Malignant tracheoesophageal fistulas are associated with pronounced morbidity and mortality. We describe a patient with mediastinal lymphomatous infiltration resulting in tracheal obstruction, esophageal obstruction, and tracheoesophageal fistula that were successfully palliated with combined airway and esophageal stent placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy C Fan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA
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9
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Ho AMH, Dion PW, Karmakar MK, Chung DC, Tay BA. Use of heliox in critical upper airway obstruction. Physical and physiologic considerations in choosing the optimal helium:oxygen mix. Resuscitation 2002; 52:297-300. [PMID: 11886737 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(01)00473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heliox has a lower density than oxygen and nitrogen, and can improve ventilation rapidly in patients with critical upper airway obstruction. The choice of the best helium:oxygen ratio depends on whether the predominant problem is hypercarbia or hypoxia. In the former situation, 80% helium should be used, and in the latter, 100% oxygen is appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M H Ho
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, NT, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Winters JW, Willing MA, Sanfilippo D. Heliox improves ventilation during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric patients. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2000; 1:33-7. [PMID: 12813283 DOI: 10.1097/00130478-200007000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe improved ventilation during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation when a nitrogen-oxygen gas mixture is replaced by a helium-oxygen gas mixture. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: A tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Five patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure who developed persistent respiratory acidosis during treatment with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. INTERVENTIONS: Introduction of helium-oxygen into a conventional high-frequency oscillatory ventilation circuit. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Blood gas values (pH, Pco2, and Po2) were compared in these patients during treatment with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with nitrogen-oxygen gas flow and then for several hours after a change in treatment to helium-oxygen gas flow. An initial 24% decrease in Pco2 was documented, and an ultimate 43% decrease in Pco2 was observed. The mechanism for this improved ventilation may be related to improved gas flow properties as well as increased CO2 diffusion resulting from helium's low-mass density. Oxygenation was not adversely affected in any way. CONCLUSION: In patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure and in whom respiratory acidosis develops during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, the use of helium-oxygen rather than nitrogen-oxygen may improve ventilation and decrease ventilator-related trauma. Further investigation is needed to validate these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms of improved ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Winters
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (Drs. Winters and Sanfilippo) and the Department of Respiratory Care (Mr. Willing), DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI
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11
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SHUKUL VK, KOCHHAR LK, ROY D. NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA: LARYNX. Med J Armed Forces India 2000; 56:67-68. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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12
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Smith SW, Biros M. Relief of imminent respiratory failure from upper airway obstruction by use of helium-oxygen: a case series and brief review. Acad Emerg Med 1999; 6:953-6. [PMID: 10490260 DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb01247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Smith
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, and the University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, USA
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13
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Oghalai JS, Giannoni C, Donovan DT, Johnson PE, Green LK. Aggressive cervical lymphoma presenting as airway obstruction. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999; 120:610-3. [PMID: 10187975 DOI: 10.1053/hn.1999.v120.a84710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J S Oghalai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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15
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Polaner DM. The Use of Heliox and the Laryngeal Mask Airway in a Child with an Anterior Mediastinal Mass. Anesth Analg 1996. [DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199601000-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Polaner DM. The use of heliox and the laryngeal mask airway in a child with an anterior mediastinal mass. Anesth Analg 1996; 82:208-10. [PMID: 8712402 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199601000-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D M Polaner
- Anesthesia Service, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA
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17
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Horny HP, Kaiserling E. Involvement of the larynx by hemopoietic neoplasms. An investigation of autopsy cases and review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract 1995; 191:130-8. [PMID: 7567682 DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(11)80562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of the larynx by hemopoietic tumors is generally considered a rare event and little is known about the associated clinicopathologic features. Laryngeal tissue removed at autopsy from 14 patients with known disseminated hematologic malignancies and at operation from one patient with multicentric malignant lymphoma of low-grade malignancy (MALToma) of the head and neck region was investigated. A systematic survey of the main clinicopathologic features of the published cases of hemopoietic tumors with laryngeal involvement was also performed. Primary involvement of the larynx by hemopoietic neoplasms must be clearly distinguished from secondary involvement by disseminated or leukemic tumors. Most of the primary tumors are localized lesions that may involve the regional lymph nodes (stages IE or IIE). Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice, and the prognosis is generally favorable. However, secondary involvement by disseminated or leukemic disease carries a very poor prognosis in most cases. Extramedullary plasmacytoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), particularly B-cell lymphoma of high-grade malignancy, appear to be the most common hemopoietic tumors with primary laryngeal involvement, while primary tumors of myelogenous origin (granulocytic sarcoma and mast cell sarcoma) are extremely rare. Extramedullary plasmacytoma and NHL occur mainly in older persons and in men, are generally associated with a relatively short history of hoarseness and dysphagia, and exhibit preferential involvement of the supraglottic parts of the larynx, in particular the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds. They are generally polypoid, non-ulcerated lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Horny
- Institute of Pathology, University of Tübingen, Germany
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18
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Shapshay SM, Ruah CB, Bohigian RK, Beamis JF. Obstructing tumors of the subglottic larynx and cervical trachea: airway management and treatment. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1988; 97:487-92. [PMID: 3178100 DOI: 10.1177/000348948809700510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of 11 patients presenting with airway obstruction secondary to tumors involving the subglottic larynx and cervical trachea was treated with either carbon dioxide or neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser tumor ablation. Choice of ventilation varied according to the site of airway obstruction: Venturi jet with ventilation laryngoscope for glottic and subglottic tumors and a specially designed ventilation laser fiber tracheoscope for tumors obstructing the cervical trachea. All patients subsequently had definitive treatment of the tumor and were relieved of the compromised airway. No complications associated with ventilation and treatment techniques were recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Shapshay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts 01805
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