1
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Wang HY, Nguyen TP, Sternisha AC, Carroll CL, Cross B, Morlock L, Williams NS, McBrayer S, Nijhawan D, De Brabander JK. Discovery and Optimization of N-Arylated Tetracyclic Dicarboximides That Target Primary Glioma Stem-like Cells. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9277-9301. [PMID: 38804887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We recently discovered a novel N-aryl tetracyclic dicarboximide MM0299 (1) with robust activity against glioma stem-like cells that potently and selectively inhibits lanosterol synthase leading to the accumulation of the toxic shunt metabolite 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol. Herein, we delineate a systematic and comprehensive SAR study that explores the structural space surrounding the N-aryl tetracyclic dicarboximide scaffold. A series of 100 analogs were synthesized and evaluated for activity against the murine glioma stem-like cell line Mut6 and for metabolic stability in mouse liver S9 fractions. This study led to several analogs with single-digit nanomolar activity in Mut6 glioblastoma cells that were metabolically stable in S9 fractions. In vivo pharmacokinetic analysis of selected analogs identified compound 52a (IC50 = 63 nM; S9 T1/2 > 240 min) which was orally available (39% plasma; 58% brain) and displayed excellent brain exposure. Chronic oral dosing of 52a during a 2-week tolerability study indicated no adverse effect on body weight nor signs of hematologic, liver, or kidney toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Thu P Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Alex C Sternisha
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Christopher L Carroll
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Bethany Cross
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Lorraine Morlock
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Samuel McBrayer
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Deepak Nijhawan
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Program in Molecular Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Jef K De Brabander
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
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2
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De la Flor JC, Rodríguez-Doyágüez P, Villa D, Zamora R, Díaz F. Double Hit of Hydroxichloroquine and Amiodarone Induced Renal Phospholipidosis in a Patient with Monoclonal Gammopathy and Sclerodermiform Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Med Sci (Basel) 2024; 12:25. [PMID: 38804381 PMCID: PMC11130959 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipidosis is a rare disorder which consists of an excessive intracellular accumulation of phospholipids and the appearance of zebra bodies or lamellar bodies when looking at them using electron microscopy. This disease is associated with certain genetic diseases or is secondary to drugs or toxins. Drug-induced phospholipidosis encompasses many types of pharmaceuticals, most notably chloroquine, amiodarone or ciprofloxacin. Clinically and histologically, renal involvement can be highly variable, with the diagnosis not being made until the zebra bodies are seen under an electron microscope. These findings may require genetic testing to discount Fabry disease, as its histological findings are indistinguishable. Most of the chemicals responsible are cationic amphiphilic drugs, and several mechanisms have been hypothesized for the formation of zebra bodies and their pathogenic significance. However, the relationship between drug toxicity and phospholipid accumulation, zebra bodies and organ dysfunction remains enigmatic, as do the renal consequences of drug withdrawal. We present, to our knowledge, the first case report of acute renal injury with a monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, lesions, and sclerodermiform syndrome, with zebra bodies that were associated with the initiation of a hydroxychloroquine and amiodarone treatment, as an example of drug-induced-phospholipidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C. De la Flor
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Central Defense Gomez Ulla, 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Villa
- Department of Nephrology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rocío Zamora
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario General Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Díaz
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28008 Madrid, Spain;
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3
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Nunes C, Proença S, Ambrosini G, Pamies D, Thomas A, Kramer NI, Zurich MG. Integrating distribution kinetics and toxicodynamics to assess repeat dose neurotoxicity in vitro using human BrainSpheres: a case study on amiodarone. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1248882. [PMID: 37745076 PMCID: PMC10512064 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1248882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
For ethical, economical, and scientific reasons, animal experimentation, used to evaluate the potential neurotoxicity of chemicals before their release in the market, needs to be replaced by new approach methodologies. To illustrate the use of new approach methodologies, the human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived 3D model BrainSpheres was acutely (48 h) or repeatedly (7 days) exposed to amiodarone (0.625-15 µM), a lipophilic antiarrhythmic drug reported to have deleterious effects on the nervous system. Neurotoxicity was assessed using transcriptomics, the immunohistochemistry of cell type-specific markers, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for various genes involved in the lipid metabolism. By integrating distribution kinetics modeling with neurotoxicity readouts, we show that the observed time- and concentration-dependent increase in the neurotoxic effects of amiodarone is driven by the cellular accumulation of amiodarone after repeated dosing. The development of a compartmental in vitro distribution kinetics model allowed us to predict the change in cell-associated concentrations in BrainSpheres with time and for different exposure scenarios. The results suggest that human cells are intrinsically more sensitive to amiodarone than rodent cells. Amiodarone-induced regulation of lipid metabolism genes was observed in brain cells for the first time. Astrocytes appeared to be the most sensitive human brain cell type in vitro. In conclusion, assessing readouts at different molecular levels after the repeat dosing of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived BrainSpheres in combination with the compartmental modeling of in vitro kinetics provides a mechanistic means to assess neurotoxicity pathways and refine chemical safety assessment for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nunes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susana Proença
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Toxicology Division, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- Bioinformatics Competence Center, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bioinformatics Competence Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Pamies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Thomas
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nynke I. Kramer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Toxicology Division, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marie-Gabrielle Zurich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Ristic B, Bosnjak M, Misirkic Marjanovic M, Stevanovic D, Janjetovic K, Harhaji-Trajkovic L. The Exploitation of Lysosomes in Cancer Therapy with Graphene-Based Nanomaterials. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1846. [PMID: 37514033 PMCID: PMC10383369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials (GNMs), including graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and graphene quantum dots, may have direct anticancer activity or be used as nanocarriers for antitumor drugs. GNMs usually enter tumor cells by endocytosis and can accumulate in lysosomes. This accumulation prevents drugs bound to GNMs from reaching their targets, suppressing their anticancer effects. A number of chemical modifications are made to GNMs to facilitate the separation of anticancer drugs from GNMs at low lysosomal pH and to enable the lysosomal escape of drugs. Lysosomal escape may be associated with oxidative stress, permeabilization of the unstable membrane of cancer cell lysosomes, release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytoplasm, and cell death. GNMs can prevent or stimulate tumor cell death by inducing protective autophagy or suppressing autolysosomal degradation, respectively. Furthermore, because GNMs prevent bound fluorescent agents from emitting light, their separation in lysosomes may enable tumor cell identification and therapy monitoring. In this review, we explain how the characteristics of the lysosomal microenvironment and the unique features of tumor cell lysosomes can be exploited for GNM-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Ristic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Bosnjak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Misirkic Marjanovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Stevanovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristina Janjetovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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5
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Akbar I, Radhakrishnan S, Meenakshisundaram K, Manilal A, Hatamleh AA, Alnafisi BK, Ahamed A, Balasubramani R. Design of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Hybrid Benzamide Derivatives: Synthesis and Evaluation of Analgesic Activity and Their Molecular Docking Studies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:4021-4039. [DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s357604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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6
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In Vitro Models for Studying Chronic Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911428. [PMID: 36232728 PMCID: PMC9569683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major clinical problem in terms of patient morbidity and mortality, cost to healthcare systems and failure of the development of new drugs. The need for consistent safety strategies capable of identifying a potential toxicity risk early in the drug discovery pipeline is key. Human DILI is poorly predicted in animals, probably due to the well-known interspecies differences in drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity targets. For this reason, distinct cellular models from primary human hepatocytes or hepatoma cell lines cultured as 2D monolayers to emerging 3D culture systems or the use of multi-cellular systems have been proposed for hepatotoxicity studies. In order to mimic long-term hepatotoxicity in vitro, cell models, which maintain hepatic phenotype for a suitably long period, should be used. On the other hand, repeated-dose administration is a more relevant scenario for therapeutics, providing information not only about toxicity, but also about cumulative effects and/or delayed responses. In this review, we evaluate the existing cell models for DILI prediction focusing on chronic hepatotoxicity, highlighting how better characterization and mechanistic studies could lead to advance DILI prediction.
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7
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Sajjan M, Li J, Selvarajan R, Sureshbabu SH, Kale SS, Gupta R, Singh V, Kais S. Quantum machine learning for chemistry and physics. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6475-6573. [PMID: 35849066 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00203e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a formidable force for identifying hidden but pertinent patterns within a given data set with the objective of subsequent generation of automated predictive behavior. In recent years, it is safe to conclude that ML and its close cousin, deep learning (DL), have ushered in unprecedented developments in all areas of physical sciences, especially chemistry. Not only classical variants of ML, even those trainable on near-term quantum hardwares have been developed with promising outcomes. Such algorithms have revolutionized materials design and performance of photovoltaics, electronic structure calculations of ground and excited states of correlated matter, computation of force-fields and potential energy surfaces informing chemical reaction dynamics, reactivity inspired rational strategies of drug designing and even classification of phases of matter with accurate identification of emergent criticality. In this review we shall explicate a subset of such topics and delineate the contributions made by both classical and quantum computing enhanced machine learning algorithms over the past few years. We shall not only present a brief overview of the well-known techniques but also highlight their learning strategies using statistical physical insight. The objective of the review is not only to foster exposition of the aforesaid techniques but also to empower and promote cross-pollination among future research in all areas of chemistry which can benefit from ML and in turn can potentially accelerate the growth of such algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sajjan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Junxu Li
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
| | - Raja Selvarajan
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
| | - Shree Hari Sureshbabu
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
| | - Sumit Suresh Kale
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Rishabh Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Vinit Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Sabre Kais
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA.,Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
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8
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Bik E, Orleanska J, Mateuszuk L, Baranska M, Majzner K, Chlopicki S. Raman and fluorescence imaging of phospholipidosis induced by cationic amphiphilic drugs in endothelial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119186. [PMID: 34902479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) are known from lysosomotropism, drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL), activation of autophagy, and decreased cell viability, but the relationship between these events is not clear and little is known about DIPL in the endothelium. In this work, the effects of fluoxetine, amiodarone, clozapine, and risperidone on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were studied using a combined methodology of label-free Raman imaging and fluorescence staining. Raman spectroscopy was applied to characterize biochemical changes in lipid profile and their distribution in the cellular compartments, while fluorescence staining (LysoTracker, LipidTOX, LC3B, and JC-1) was used to analyze lysosome volume expansion, activation of autophagy, lipid accumulation, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. We demonstrated that fluoxetine, amiodarone, and clozapine, but not risperidone, at non-toxic concentrations induced lipid accumulations in the perinuclear and cytoplasmic regions of endothelial cells. Spectroscopic markers of DIPL included a robust increase in the ratio (lipid/(protein + lipid)), an increase in choline-containing lipid, fatty acids, and the presence of cholesterol esters, while starvation-induced activated autophagy revealed a spectroscopic signature associated with subtle changes in the lipid profile only. Interestingly, lysosomal volume expansion, occurrence of DIPL, and activation of autophagy induced by selected CADs all depended on drug-accumulation in acidic pH of lysosome cellular compartments whereas reduced endothelial viability did not, and was attributed to mitochondrial mechanisms as evidenced by a decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential. In conclusion, drug-induced phospholipidosis in the endothelium did not reduce endothelial viability per se and can be efficiently assayed by Raman imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Bik
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jagoda Orleanska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Mateuszuk
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majzner
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Chair of Pharmacology, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Krakow, Poland.
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9
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Tsamouri MM, Durbin-Johnson BP, Culp WTN, Palm CA, Parikh M, Kent MS, Ghosh PM. Untargeted Metabolomics Identify a Panel of Urinary Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder, as Compared to Urolithiasis with or without Urinary Tract Infection in Dogs. Metabolites 2022; 12:200. [PMID: 35323643 PMCID: PMC8951005 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), the most common urologic cancer in dogs, is often diagnosed late because the clinical signs are shared by other non-malignant lower urinary tract disorders (LUTD). The urine-based BRAFV595E test for UC is highly effective only in certain breeds; hence additional non-invasive biomarkers of UC are needed. Here, urine from dogs with UC (n = 27), urolithiasis (n = 8), or urolithiasis with urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 8) were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analyses, using GC-TOF-MS for primary metabolites, QTOF-MS for complex lipids, and HILIC-QTOF MS for secondary and charged metabolites. After adjusting for age and sex, we identified 1123 known metabolites that were differentially expressed between UC and LUTD. Twenty-seven metabolites were significant (1.5 ≤ log2FC ≤ −1.5, adjusted p-value < 0.05); however, 10 of these could be attributed to treatment-related changes. Of the remaining 17, 6 (hippuric acid, N-Acetylphenylalanine, sarcosine, octanoylcarnitine, N-alpha-methylhistamine, glycerol-3-galactoside) discriminated between UC and LUTD (area under the ROC curve > 0.85). Of the 6 metabolites, only hippuric acid and N-alpha-methylhistamine were discriminatory in both male (n = 20) and female (n = 23) dogs, while sarcosine was an effective discriminator in several breeds, but only in females. Further investigation of these metabolites is warranted for potential use as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers of dogs with UC that present with LUTD-related clinical signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Malvina Tsamouri
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
- Department of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
| | | | - William T. N. Culp
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (W.T.N.C.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Carrie A. Palm
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Mamta Parikh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA;
| | - Michael S. Kent
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (W.T.N.C.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
- Department of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
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10
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Sagini K, Buratta S, Delo F, Pellegrino RM, Giovagnoli S, Urbanelli L, Emiliani C. Drug-Induced Lysosomal Impairment Is Associated with the Release of Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Autophagy Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312922. [PMID: 34884727 PMCID: PMC8657686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amiodarone is a cationic amphiphilic drug used as an antiarrhythmic agent. It induces phospholipidosis, i.e., the accumulation of phospholipids within organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed structures released by any type of cell and retrieved in every fluid of the body. EVs have been initially identified as a system to dispose cell waste, but they are also considered to be an additional manner to transmit intercellular signals. To understand the role of EVs in drug-induced phospholipidosis, we investigated EVs release in amiodarone-treated HEK-293 cells engineered to produce fluorescently labelled EVs. We observed that amiodarone induces the release of a higher number of EVs, mostly of a large/medium size. EVs released upon amiodarone treatment do not display significant morphological changes or altered size distribution, but they show a dose-dependent increase in autophagy associated markers, indicating a higher release of EVs with an autophagosome-like phenotype. Large/medium EVs also show a higher content of phospholipids. Drugs inducing lysosomal impairment such as chloroquine and bafilomycin A1 similarly prompt a higher release of EVs enriched in autophagy markers. This result suggests a mechanism associated with amiodarone-induced lysosomal impairment more than a connection with the accumulation of specific undigested substrates. Moreover, the implementation of the lysosomal function by overexpressing TFEB, a master gene regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, prevents the amiodarone-induced release of EVs, suggesting that this could be a feasible target to attenuate drug-induced abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krizia Sagini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.); (F.D.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandra Buratta
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.); (F.D.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Federica Delo
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.); (F.D.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Roberto Maria Pellegrino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.); (F.D.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Lorena Urbanelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.); (F.D.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.); (F.D.); (R.M.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN (Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material), University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Animal models of drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis: an overview of molecular mechanisms and characteristics. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:699-723. [PMID: 34741237 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by progressive loss of pulmonary function. Drug-induced interstitial lung disease has been reported as a severe adverse effect of some drugs, such as bleomycin, amiodarone, and methotrexate. Based on good characteristics, drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) animal model has played a key role in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of PF pathogenesis and recapitulates the specific pathology in patients and helps develop therapeutic strategies. Here, we summarize the mechanisms and characteristics of given fibrotic drug-induced animal models for PFs. Together with the key publications describing these models, this brief but detailed overview would be helpful for the pharmacological research with animal models of PFs. Potential mechanisms underlying drug induced lung toxicity.
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Gonzalez-Juarrero M, Lukka PB, Wagh S, Walz A, Arab J, Pearce C, Ali Z, Ryman JT, Parmar K, Temrikar Z, Munoz-Gutierrez J, Robertson GT, Liu J, Lenaerts AJ, Daley C, Lee RE, Braunstein M, Hickey AJ, Meibohm B. Preclinical Evaluation of Inhalational Spectinamide-1599 Therapy against Tuberculosis. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2850-2863. [PMID: 34546724 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The lengthy treatment time for tuberculosis (TB) is a primary cause for the emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). One approach to improve TB therapy is to develop an inhalational TB therapy that when administered in combination with oral TB drugs eases and shortens treatment. Spectinamides are new semisynthetic analogues of spectinomycin with excellent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), including MDR and XDR Mtb strains. Spectinamide-1599 was chosen as a promising candidate for development of inhalational therapy. Using the murine TB model and intrapulmonary aerosol delivery of spectinamide-1599, we characterized the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of this therapy in BALB/c and C3HeB/FeJ mice infected with the Mtb Erdman strain. As expected, spectinamide-1599 exhibited dose-dependent exposure in plasma, lungs, and ELF, but exposure ratios between lung and plasma were 12-40 times higher for intrapulmonary compared to intravenous or subcutaneous administration. In chronically infected BALB/c mice, low doses (10 mg/kg) of spectinamide-1599 when administered thrice weekly for two months provide efficacy similar to that of higher doses (50-100 mg/kg) after one month of therapy. In the C3HeB/FeJ TB model, intrapulmonary aerosol delivery of spectinamide-1599 (50 mg/kg) or oral pyrazinamide (150 mg/kg) had limited or no efficacy in monotherapy, but when both drugs were given in combination, a synergistic effect with superior bacterial reduction of >1.8 log10 CFU was observed. Throughout the up to eight-week treatment period, intrapulmonary therapy was well-tolerated without any overt toxicity. Overall, these results strongly support the further development of intrapulmonary spectinamide-1599 as a combination partner for anti-TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Gonzalez-Juarrero
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Pradeep B. Lukka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Santosh Wagh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Amanda Walz
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jennifer Arab
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Camron Pearce
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Zohaib Ali
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Josiah T. Ryman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Keyur Parmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Zaid Temrikar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Juan Munoz-Gutierrez
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Gregory T. Robertson
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jiuyu Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Anne J. Lenaerts
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles Daley
- Division of Mycobacterial and Respiratory Infections, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206, United States
| | - Richard E. Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Miriam Braunstein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anthony J. Hickey
- Discovery Science and Technology, RTI International, RTP, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Bernd Meibohm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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Bik E, Mateuszuk L, Orleanska J, Baranska M, Chlopicki S, Majzner K. Chloroquine-Induced Accumulation of Autophagosomes and Lipids in the Endothelium. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052401. [PMID: 33673688 PMCID: PMC7957661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) is an antimalarial drug known to inhibit autophagy flux by impairing autophagosome–lysosome fusion. We hypothesized that autophagy flux altered by CQ has a considerable influence on the lipid composition of endothelial cells. Thus, we investigated endothelial responses induced by CQ on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). HMEC-1 cells after CQ exposure were measured using a combined methodology based on label-free Raman and fluorescence imaging. Raman spectroscopy was applied to characterize subtle chemical changes in lipid contents and their distribution in the cells, while the fluorescence staining (LipidTox, LysoTracker and LC3) was used as a reference method. The results showed that CQ was not toxic to endothelial cells and did not result in the endothelial inflammation at concentrations of 1–30 µM. Notwithstanding, it yielded an increased intensity of LipidTox, LysoTracker, and LC3 staining, suggesting changes in the content of neutral lipids, lysosomotropism, and autophagy inhibition, respectively. The CQ-induced endothelial response was associated with lipid accumulation and was characterized by Raman spectroscopy. CQ-induced autophagosome accumulation in the endothelium is featured by a pronounced alteration in the lipid profile, but not in the endothelial inflammation. Raman-based assessment of CQ-induced biochemical changes offers a better understanding of the autophagy mechanism in the endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Bik
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (L.M.); (J.O.); (M.B.); (S.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Mateuszuk
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (L.M.); (J.O.); (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Jagoda Orleanska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (L.M.); (J.O.); (M.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (L.M.); (J.O.); (M.B.); (S.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (L.M.); (J.O.); (M.B.); (S.C.)
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majzner
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (E.B.); (L.M.); (J.O.); (M.B.); (S.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Ali D, Alarifi S, Chidambaram SK, Radhakrishnan SK, Akbar I. Antimicrobial activity of novel 5-benzylidene-3-(3-phenylallylideneamino)imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives causing clinical pathogens: Synthesis and molecular docking studies. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1951-1960. [PMID: 33289644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work is development of new hydantoin molecules as treatment of potential antibacterial and antifungal activity against clinical pathogens causing infectious disease. Synthesized compounds were evaluated in molecular docking studies, the most effective compound is used to dock against the targets of 1U1Z, and 1AI9 kinases, to evaluate its binding affinity, hoping to rationalize and obtain potent of antibacterial, antifungal agents. MATERIAL AND METHOD The FTIR, 1H &13C NMR, and mass spectra were used to conform new molecules and their evaluation of antimicrobial activity. Gram-negative bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (recultured) and Escherichia coli (ATCC-25922), and gram-positive bacteria of Enterococcus faecalis (recultured) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923) were evaluated for all compounds. The in vitro antifungal activity was evaluated against Cryptococcus neoformans (recultured), Candida albicans (recultured), Aspergillus niger, Microsporum audouinii (recultured) and Aspergillus fumigatus (recultured) for all synthesized compounds. RESULT Antibacterial screening, we identified highly active antimicrobial agents for this study for example; gram-negative bacterial screening of 3g was highly (MIC: 0.25 μg/mL) active in contradiction of P. aeruginosa, whereas bacterial screening of 3e and 3h were more active (MIC: 2 μg/mL) in contradiction of K. pneumoniae and also 3g was more (MIC: 2 μg/mL) active in contradiction of E. faecalis than standard ciprofloxacin. Antifungal activity, the 3b was more active (MIC: 0.25 μg/mL) against C. albicance,3g (MIC: 2 μg/mL) and 3h (MIC: 4 μg/mL) were more potential of A. funigatus, and the compound 3c was highly (MIC: 4 μg/mL) active on M. audouinii than clotrimazole. Molecular docking studies also supported the new finding of potent antimicrobial agents, the compound 3g, 3b, and controls Ciprofloxacin, Clotrimazole were checked again proteins 1U1Z and 1AI9 by Autodock Vina program. The compound 3g was highest binding affinity (-8.4 kcal/mol) than ciprofloxacin (-8.2 kcal/mol) in 1U1Z protein and the compound 3b was highest binding affinity (-8.8 kcal/mol) than clotrimazole (-6.8 kcal/mol) in 1AI9 protein respectively. CONCLUSION A novel set of imidazolidine-2,4-dione compounds 3a-h have synthesized and characterized successfully. The screening of antimicrobial activity shows that all compounds possess antimicrobial activities. In addition, the objective of the study was succeeded with a few of the promising molecules, which are proving to be a potential treatment of bacterial infection candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University (KSU), P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University (KSU), P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sathish Kumar Chidambaram
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti - 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Radhakrishnan
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti - 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Idhayadhulla Akbar
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti - 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Chidambaram S, El-Sheikh MA, Alfarhan AH, Radhakrishnan S, Akbar I. Synthesis of novel coumarin analogues: Investigation of molecular docking interaction of SARS-CoV-2 proteins with natural and synthetic coumarin analogues and their pharmacokinetics studies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:1100-1108. [PMID: 33199969 PMCID: PMC7658563 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, identified as SARS-CoV-2, initially established in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, affects respiratory infections known as COVID-19. In an extraordinary manner, COVID-19 is affecting human life and has transformed a global public health issue into a crisis. Natural products are already recognized owing to the massive advantageous window and efficient antioxidant, antiviral immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory belongings. Additionally, the object of the present study was to demonstrate the inhibitory potential of the natural products coumarins and its analogues alongside SARS coronavirus. The present work, focuses on the synthesis of new coumarin analogues and characterized by FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analyses, and mass spectra. The recently synthesised compounds were projected conceptual association for COVID-19 protease and also to explore in anticipation if this protein will help target protease inhibitor drugs such as Calanolide A, Cardatolide A, Collinin, Inophyllum A, Mesuol, Isomesuol, Pteryxin, Rutamarin, Seselin and Suksdorin. The natural coumarin analogues docking scores were compared to standard Hydroxychloroquine. While the 3D module of SARS coronavirus main protease was predicted with the SWISS MODEL web server, as well as biochemical interaction tests were performed with the AutoDock Vina tool between the target protein with ligands. This research further showed that all the protease inhibitors accessed the target protein with negative dock energy. Molecular docking studies found that the natural coumarin analogue Inophyllum A showed an exceptional potential for inhibition with a binding energy of −8.4 kcal/mol. The synthetic coumarin analogues 1m and 1p both demonstrated a similar binding energy, inhibition potential of −7.9 kcal / mol as opposed to hydroxychloroquine and co-crystallized ligand alpha-ketoamide with binding energy values of −5.8 and −6.6 kcal / mol. All compounds evaluated were known as drug-like in nature, passing Lipinski's “Law of 5” with 0 violations except for alpha-ketoamide, passing Lipinski's “Rule of 5” with 1 violation (MW > 500). The inhibitor binding in silico research thus offers a structural understanding of COVID-19 and molecular interactions across the known protease inhibitors centred on the findings of the multiple sequence alliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathishkumar Chidambaram
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohamed A. El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. Alfarhan
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Surendrakumar Radhakrishnan
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Idhayadhulla Akbar
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
- Corresponding author.
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Chidambaram SK, Ali D, Alarifi S, Radhakrishnan S, Akbar I. In silico molecular docking: Evaluation of coumarin based derivatives against SARS-CoV-2. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1671-1677. [PMID: 33008777 PMCID: PMC7505582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unique anthropological coronavirus which has been titled as SARS-CoV-2 was originally arisen in late 2019 in Wuhan, China affecting respiratory infection named as COVID-19. Coronavirus is disturbing human life in an exceptional method and has converted a public health global crisis. Natural products are ahead consideration due to the huge beneficial window and effective anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and antiviral possessions. Consequently, the present study was intended to display inhibition ability of natural products coumarins and their analogues against SARS coronavirus. METHODS The present study, aims to forecast theoretical assembly for the protease of COVID-19 and to discover advance whether this protein may assist as a target for protease inhibitors such as psoralen, bergapten, imperatorin, heraclenin, heraclenol, saxalin, oxepeucedanin, angelicin, toddacoumaquinone, and aesculetin. The docking score of these natural coumarin analogues compared with standard Hydroxychloroquine. Whereas the 3D assembly of main protease of SARS coronavirus was forecast with SWISS MODEL web server, and molecular interaction studies amongst target protein and ligands were done with AutoDock Vina software. RESULTS The study more exposed that all the inhibitors acquired with negative dock energy against the target protein. Molecular docking investigation displayed that natural coumarin analogue toddacoumaquinone displayed a remarkable inhibition ability with the binding energy of -7.8 kcal/mol than other compounds against main protease of SARS coronavirus in intricate with α-ketoamide (PDB ID: 5N5O). The synthetic coumarin analogue (1 m) also displayed the comparable inhibition ability with a binding energy of -7.1 kcal/mol against main protease of SARS coronavirus in intricate with α-ketoamide. Keeping the overhead results of ADME and toxicity, all tested compounds were recognized as drug-like nature, passing Lipinski's "Rule of 5" with 0 violation except α-ketoamide passes Lipinski's "Rule of 5" with 1 violation MW > 500. The projected constraints are within the assortment of recognized values. CONCLUSIONS Based upon the results of the manifold sequence alliance, natural and synthetic coumarin binding sites were preserved. The present in silico examination thus, delivers structural awareness about the protease of COVID-19 and molecular relations with some of the recognised protease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Chidambaram
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti, 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University (KSU), P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University (KSU), P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Surendrakumar Radhakrishnan
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti, 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Idhayadhulla Akbar
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti, 621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Malek MR, Ahmadian S, Dehpour AR, Ebrahim-Habibi A, Shafizadeh M, Kashani-Amin E. Investigating the role of endogenous opioid system in chloroquine-induced phospholipidosis in rat liver by morphological, biochemical and molecular modelling studies. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1575-1583. [PMID: 32367550 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL) is characterized by phospholipid storage in the lysosomes of affected tissues. Many severe effects and toxicities have been linked to DIPL. The aim of this study was to determine whether the endogenous opioid system is involved in chloroquine-induced phospholipidosis. The effect of naltrexone as an antagonist of opioid receptors in chloroquine-induced phospholipidosis in rat liver was investigated by morphological, biochemical, and molecular modelling studies. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that morphological characteristic changes of rat liver, including the number of lamellar bodies, grade of vacuolization and cell steatosis, were markedly attenuated in rats treated with naltrexone alone or in combination with chloroquine, in comparison with chloroquine-treated rats. The results of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) showed that the concentrations of phenylacetylglycine (PAG) and hippuric acid (HA) were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in target groups. Besides, the concentration ratio of PAG/HA was significantly decreased. Spectrophotometry resulted in a notable decrease in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in target groups. The results from the molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies demonstrated clear chloroquine interaction with the active site cavity of the µ opioid receptor. These data suggest that administration of naltrexone alone, or in combination with chloroquine, notably attenuates the side effects of chloroquine-induced phospholipidosis, as well as demonstrating an increased probability of the endogenous opioid system involvement in chloroquine-induced phospholipidosis in rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Malek
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ebrahim-Habibi
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Shafizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Kashani-Amin
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Use of 3D Human Liver Organoids to Predict Drug-Induced Phospholipidosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082982. [PMID: 32340283 PMCID: PMC7216064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis (PL) is a storage disorder caused by the formation of phospholipid-drug complexes in lysosomes. Because of the diversity of PL between species, human cell-based assays have been used to predict drug-induced PL in humans. We established three-dimensional (3D) human liver organoids as described previously and investigated their liver characteristics through multiple analyses. Drug-induced PL was initiated in these organoids and in monolayer HepG2 cultures, and cellular changes were systemically examined. Organoids that underwent differentiation showed characteristics of hepatocytes rather than HepG2 cells. The organoids also survived under PL-inducing drug conditions for 48 h and maintained a more stable albumin secretion level than the HepG2 cells. More cytoplasmic vacuoles were observed in organoids and HepG2 cells treated with more potent PL-induced drugs, but to a greater extent in organoids than in HepG2 cells. Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2, a marker of lysosome membranes, showed a stronger immunohistochemical signal in the organoids. PL-distinctive lamellar bodies were observed only in amiodarone-treated organoids by transmission electron microscopy. Human liver organoids are thus more sensitive to drug-induced PL and less affected by cytotoxicity than HepG2 cells. Since PL is a chronic condition, these results indicate that organoids better reflect metabolite-mediated hepatotoxicity in vivo and could be a valuable system for evaluating the phospholipidogenic effects of different compounds during drug development.
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Fröhlich E, Öhlinger K, Meindl C, Corzo C, Lochmann D, Reyer S, Salar-Behzadi S. In vitro toxicity screening of polyglycerol esters of fatty acids as excipients for pulmonary formulations. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 386:114833. [PMID: 31756429 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the main problems for the development of pulmonary formulations is the low availability of approved excipients. Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids (PGFA) are promising molecules for acting as excipient for formulation development and drug delivery to the lung. However, their biocompatibility in the deep lung has not been studied so far. Main exposed cells include alveolar epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. Due to the poor water-solubility of PGFAs, the exposure of alveolar macrophages is expected to be much higher than that of epithelial cells. In this study, two PGFAs and their mixture were tested regarding cytotoxicity to epithelial cells and cytotoxicity and functional impairment of macrophages. Cytotoxicity was assessed by dehydrogenase activity and lactate dehydrogenase release. Lysosome function, phospholipid accumulation, phagocytosis, nitric oxide production, and cytokine release were used to evaluate macrophage function. Cytotoxicity was increased with the increased polarity of PGFA molecules. At concentrations above 1 mg/ml accumulation in lysosomes, impairment of phagocytosis, secretion of nitric oxide, and increased release of cytokines were noted. The investigated PGFAs in concentrations up to 1 mg/ml can be considered as uncritical and are promising for advanced pulmonary delivery of high powder doses and drug targeting to alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristin Öhlinger
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Claudia Meindl
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Corzo
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Sharareh Salar-Behzadi
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Breiden B, Sandhoff K. Emerging mechanisms of drug-induced phospholipidosis. Biol Chem 2019; 401:31-46. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of phospholipids. Its cellular mechanism is still not well understood, but it is known that cationic amphiphilic drugs can induce it. These drugs have a hydrophilic amine head group that can be protonated in the endolysosomal compartment. As cationic amphiphiles, they are trapped in lysosomes, where they interfere with negatively charged intralysosomal vesicles, the major platforms of cellular sphingolipid degradation. Metabolic principles observed in sphingolipid and phospholipid catabolism and inherited sphingolipidoses are of great importance for lysosomal function and physiological lipid turnover at large. Therefore, we also propose intralysosomal vesicles as major platforms for degradation of lipids and phospholipids reaching them by intracellular pathways like autophagy and endocytosis. Phospholipids are catabolized as components of vesicle surfaces by protonated, positively charged phospholipases, electrostatically attracted to the negatively charged vesicles. Model experiments suggest that progressively accumulating cationic amphiphilic drugs inserting into the vesicle membrane with their hydrophobic molecular moieties disturb and attenuate the main mechanism of lipid degradation as discussed here. By compensating the negative surface charge, cationic enzymes are released from the surface of vesicles and proteolytically degraded, triggering a progressive lipid storage and the formation of inactive lamellar bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Breiden
- LIMES Institut , Membrane Biology and Lipid Biochemistry Unit, c/o Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 , D-53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Konrad Sandhoff
- LIMES Institut , Membrane Biology and Lipid Biochemistry Unit, c/o Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 , D-53121 Bonn , Germany
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21
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Nath A, Sahu GK. Exploiting ensemble learning to improve prediction of phospholipidosis inducing potential. J Theor Biol 2019; 479:37-47. [PMID: 31310757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipidosis is characterized by the presence of excessive accumulation of phospholipids in different tissue types (lungs, liver, eyes, kidneys etc.) caused by cationic amphiphilic drugs. Electron microscopy analysis has revealed the presence of lamellar inclusion bodies as the hallmark of phospholipidosis. Some phospholipidosis causing compounds can cause tissue specific inflammatory/retrogressive changes. Reliable and accurate in silico methods could facilitate early screening of phospholipidosis inducing compounds which can subsequently speed up the pharmaceutical drug discovery pipelines. In the present work, stacking ensembles are implemented for combining a number of different base learners to develop predictive models (a total of 256 trained machine learning models were tested) for phospholipidosis inducing compounds using a wide range of molecular descriptors (ChemMine, JOELib, Open babel and RDK descriptors) and structural alerts as input features. The best model consisting of stacked ensemble of machine learning algorithms with random forest as the second level learner outperformed other base and ensemble learners. JOELib descriptors along with structural alerts performed better than the other types of descriptor sets. The best ensemble model achieved an overall accuracy of 88.23%, sensitivity of 86.27%, specificity of 90.20%, mcc of 0.765, auc of 0.896 with 88.21 g-means. To assess the robustness and stability of the best ensemble model, it is further evaluated using stratified 10×10 fold cross validation and holdout testing sets (repeated 10 times) achieving 84.83% mean accuracy with 0.708 mean mcc and 88.46% mean accuracy with 0.771 mean mcc respectively. A comparison of different meta classifiers (Generalized linear regression, Gradient boosting machines, Random forest and Deep learning neural networks) in stacking ensemble revealed that random forest is the better choice for combining multiple classification models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigyan Nath
- Department of Biochemistry, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Medical College, Raipur 492001, India.
| | - Gopal Krishna Sahu
- Department of Biochemistry, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Medical College, Raipur 492001, India
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Tancini B, Buratta S, Sagini K, Costanzi E, Delo F, Urbanelli L, Emiliani C. Insight into the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10070510. [PMID: 31284546 PMCID: PMC6679199 DOI: 10.3390/genes10070510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have received increasing attention over the last two decades. Initially, they were considered as just a garbage disposal tool; however, it has progressively become clear that their protein, nucleic acid (namely miRNA and mRNA), and lipid contents have signaling functions. Besides, it has been established that cells release different types of vesicular structures for which characterization is still in its infancy. Many stress conditions, such as hypoxia, senescence, and oncogene activation have been associated with the release of higher levels of EVs. Further, evidence has shown that autophagic–lysosomal pathway abnormalities also affect EV release. In fact, in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of toxic proteins, although it has not become clear to what extent the intracellular storage of undigested materials itself has beneficial/adverse effects, these proteins have also been shown to be released extracellularly via EVs. Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are characterized by accumulation of undigested substrates within the endosomal–lysosomal system, due either to genetic mutations in lysosomal proteins or to treatment with pharmacological agents. Here, we review studies investigating the role of lysosomal and autophagic dysfunction on the release of EVs, with a focus on studies exploring the release of EVs in LSD models of both genetic and pharmacological origin. A better knowledge of EV-releasing pathways activated in lysosomal stress conditions will provide information on the role of EVs in both alleviating intracellular storage of undigested materials and spreading the pathology to the neighboring tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunella Tancini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandra Buratta
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Krizia Sagini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Eva Costanzi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Federica Delo
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorena Urbanelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
- Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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Lenz B, Braendli-Baiocco A, Engelhardt J, Fant P, Fischer H, Francke S, Fukuda R, Gröters S, Harada T, Harleman H, Kaufmann W, Kustermann S, Nolte T, Palazzi X, Pohlmeyer-Esch G, Popp A, Romeike A, Schulte A, Lima BS, Tomlinson L, Willard J, Wood CE, Yoshida M. Characterizing Adversity of Lysosomal Accumulation in Nonclinical Toxicity Studies: Results from the 5th ESTP International Expert Workshop. Toxicol Pathol 2018; 46:224-246. [PMID: 29471779 DOI: 10.1177/0192623317749452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes have a central role in cellular catabolism, trafficking, and processing of foreign particles. Accumulation of endogenous and exogenous materials in lysosomes represents a common finding in nonclinical toxicity studies. Histologically, these accumulations often lack distinctive features indicative of lysosomal or cellular dysfunction, making it difficult to consistently interpret and assign adverse dose levels. To help address this issue, the European Society of Toxicologic Pathology organized a workshop where representative types of lysosomal accumulation induced by pharmaceuticals and environmental chemicals were presented and discussed. The expert working group agreed that the diversity of lysosomal accumulations requires a case-by-case weight-of-evidence approach and outlined several factors to consider in the adversity assessment, including location and type of cell affected, lysosomal contents, severity of the accumulation, and related pathological effects as evidence of cellular or organ dysfunction. Lysosomal accumulations associated with cytotoxicity, inflammation, or fibrosis were generally considered to be adverse, while those found in isolation (without morphologic or functional consequences) were not. Workshop examples highlighted the importance of thoroughly characterizing the biological context of lysosomal effects, including mechanistic data and functional in vitro readouts if available. The information provided here should facilitate greater consistency and transparency in the interpretation of lysosomal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lenz
- 1 Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Braendli-Baiocco
- 1 Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Engelhardt
- 2 Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - P Fant
- 3 Charles River Laboratories, Lyon, France
| | - H Fischer
- 1 Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Francke
- 4 Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - R Fukuda
- 5 Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S Gröters
- 6 Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - T Harada
- 7 Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Harleman
- 8 Global Medical, Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, Global Preclinical Development and Management, Fresenius-Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | | | - S Kustermann
- 1 Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Nolte
- 10 Nonclinical Drug Safety Germany, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - X Palazzi
- 11 Global Pathology, DSRD, Pfizer WRD, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - G Pohlmeyer-Esch
- 10 Nonclinical Drug Safety Germany, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - A Popp
- 12 Global Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - A Romeike
- 13 Covance Laboratories, Inc., Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - A Schulte
- 14 Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Silva Lima
- 15 Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L Tomlinson
- 11 Global Pathology, DSRD, Pfizer WRD, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - J Willard
- 16 CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - C E Wood
- 17 Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - M Yoshida
- 18 Food Safety Commission, Cabinet Office, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamagiwa Y, Takei Y, Koizumi H, Nemoto S, Kurata M, Satoh H. Pathological Features of Corneal Phospholipidosis in Juvenile White Rabbits Induced by Ocular Instillation of Chloroquine or Amiodarone. Toxicol Pathol 2018; 47:26-34. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623318809000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) can induce phospholipidosis (PLD) in organs/tissues. Several ophthalmic pharmaceuticals containing CADs are marketed and used in children. To investigate the effect of PLD on the developing cornea, chloroquine and amiodarone, which are representative CADs, were applied topically to the eyes of juvenile rabbits, and the effects in juvenile rabbits were compared with those in young adult rabbits. Diffuse corneal cloudiness was observed in chloroquine- and amiodarone-treated eyes. Histopathologically, vacuolation was observed in the corneal epithelium and keratocytes. On ultrastructural examination, these vacuoles contained multilamellar inclusion bodies, which are a characteristic of PLD. The size of the vacuoles in the corneal epithelium was reduced in juveniles compared with young adults. Cytoplasmic lamellar bodies and exocytosis in the corneal endothelium were observed in young adult rabbits but not in juvenile rabbits. This study revealed that topical application of chloroquine or amiodarone induces corneal PLD in juvenile and young adult rabbits. Corneal endothelial changes occurred only in young adult rabbits, but ophthalmological changes were similar between juveniles and young adults. The results of the study suggest that the effects of corneal PLD were similar among age groups based on risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Yamagiwa
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratories, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takei
- Clinical Pathology Department, Ina Research Inc., Nagano, Japan
| | - Haruko Koizumi
- Clinical Pathology Department, Ina Research Inc., Nagano, Japan
| | - Shingo Nemoto
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurata
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratories, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan
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25
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Rhein C, Löber S, Gmeiner P, Gulbins E, Tripal P, Kornhuber J. Derivatization of common antidepressant drugs increases inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase and reduces induction of phospholipidosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1837-1845. [PMID: 30191367 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent studies, major depressive disorder (MDD) was linked to an increase in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. Several drugs that are commonly used to treat MDD functionally inhibit the lysosomal enzyme ASM and are called functional inhibitors of ASM (FIASMAs). These drugs are classified as cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) that influence the catalytic activities of different lysosomal enzymes. This action results in the side effect of phospholipidosis (PLD), which describes a detrimental increase in the phospholipid content in lysosomes. FIASMAs differ only slightly in their physico-chemical properties, but their effects on ASM activity and induction of the lysosomal phospholipid content vary significantly. In this study, we systematically induced minor chemical modifications to the FIASMAs imipramine, desipramine and fluoxetine. We generated a library of 45 new CADs with slightly different log P (logarithmic partition coefficient) and pKa (logarithmic acid dissociation constant) values. The effects of the compounds on the ASM activity and lysosomal phospholipid content were assessed in cell culture assays. We identified four compounds with beneficial effects, i.e., increased ASM activity inhibition and reduced PLD induction compared with the original drugs. The compounds HT04, RH272B and RH272D outperformed the original imipramine, whereas RH281A performed better than desipramine. Thus, minor chemical variations of CADs impact lysosomal metabolism in a specific manner and can lead to antidepressant drugs with less deleterious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Löber
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp Tripal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Optical Imaging Centre Erlangen (OICE), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Imaging Mass Microscopy of Kidneys from Azithromycin-Treated Rats with Phospholipidosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:1993-2003. [PMID: 29981744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the excess accumulation of tissue phospholipids. Although azithromycin can be used to induce phospholipidosis, no experimental studies evaluating the relationship between drug accumulation and phospholipid localization have been performed. In this study, azithromycin was orally administered to rats for 7 days, and the relationship between drug and phospholipid accumulation was performed using imaging mass microscopy. The administration of azithromycin induced tubular epithelial vacuolation in the inner stripe of the outer medulla of the kidney, consistent with the lamellar bodies that are typical manifestations of drug-induced phospholipidosis. Azithromycin and phospholipid tissue levels were extensively elevated in the kidneys of azithromycin-treated rats. Imaging mass microscopy revealed that both azithromycin and its metabolites were found in the kidneys of azithromycin-treated rats but not in control animals. The vacuolated areas of the kidneys were primarily found in the inner stripe of the outer medulla, consistent with the areas of high azithromycin concentration. Azithromycin was colocalized with several phospholipids-phosphatidylinositol (18:0/20:4), phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0/20:4 and 16:0/20:4), and possibly didocosahexaenoyl (C22:6)-bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate, a putative biomarker of drug-induced phospholipidosis. In summary, we found correlations between regions of kidney damage and the accumulation of azithromycin, its metabolites, and phospholipids using imaging mass microscopy. Such analyses may help reveal the mechanism and identify putative biomarkers of drug-induced phospholipidosis.
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27
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Kashimura A, Tanaka K, Sato H, Kaji H, Tanaka M. Imaging mass spectrometry for toxicity assessment: a useful technique to confirm drug distribution in histologically confirmed lesions. J Toxicol Pathol 2018; 31:221-227. [PMID: 30093793 PMCID: PMC6077156 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the usefulness of imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) technology for assessing
drug toxicity, we analyzed animal tissues in an amiodarone (AMD)-induced phospholipidosis
model by IMS and confirmed the relationship between the distribution of AMD, its
metabolites, and representative phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, PC) and histological
changes. AMD was administered to rats for 7 days at 150 mg/kg/day. The lung, spleen, and
mesenteric lymph node were histologically examined and analyzed using IMS. The detection
intensities of AMD, its metabolites, and typical PCs were higher in regions infiltrated by
foamy macrophages compared with normal areas. This tendency was common in all three organs
analyzed in this study. For the spleen, signals for AMD, its metabolites, and typical PCs
were significantly more intense in the marginal zone, where foamy macrophages and
vacuolated lymphocytes are abundant, than in the other areas. These results indicate that
AMD, its metabolites, and PCs accumulate together in foamy or vacuolated cells, which is
consistent with the mechanism of AMD-induced phospholipidosis. They also indicate that IMS
is a useful technique for evaluating the distribution of drugs and biological components
in the elucidation of toxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Kashimura
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda-shi, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Kouji Tanaka
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda-shi, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroko Sato
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda-shi, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Kaji
- Advanced Medical Business Development Department, Drug Development Service Segment, LSI Medience Corporation, 1-13-4 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8517, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tanaka
- Safety Research Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda-shi, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
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28
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Natale A, Boeckmans J, Desmae T, De Boe V, De Kock J, Vanhaecke T, Rogiers V, Rodrigues RM. Hepatic cells derived from human skin progenitors show a typical phospholipidotic response upon exposure to amiodarone. Toxicol Lett 2018; 284:184-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Fröhlich E. Toxicity of orally inhaled drug formulations at the alveolar barrier: parameters for initial biological screening. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:891-905. [PMID: 28574335 PMCID: PMC8241192 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1333172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery is the most common mode of systemic drug application. Inhalation is mainly used for local therapy of lung diseases but may also be a promising route for systemic delivery of drugs that have poor oral bioavailability. The thin alveolar barrier enables fast and efficient uptake of many molecules and could deliver small molecules and proteins, which are susceptible to degradation and show poor absorption by oral application. The low rate of biotransformation and proteolytic degradation increases bioavailability of drugs but accumulation of not absorbed material may impair normal lung function. This limitation is more relevant for compounds that should be systematically active because higher doses have to be applied to the lung. The review describes processes that determine absorption of orally inhaled formulations, namely dissolution in the lung lining fluid and uptake and degradation by alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. Dissolution testing in simulated lung fluid, screening for cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory action in respiratory cells and study of macrophage morphology, and phagocytosis can help to identify adverse effects of pulmonary formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- a Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria.,b Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH , Graz , Austria
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30
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Synthesis and phospholipidosis effect of a series of cationic amphiphilic compounds: a case study to evaluate in silico and in vitro assays. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Carpenter J, Wang Y, Wu G, Feng J, Ye XY, Morales CL, Broekema M, Rossi KA, Miller KJ, Murphy BJ, Wu G, Malmstrom SE, Azzara AV, Sher PM, Fevig JM, Alt A, Bertekap RL, Cullen MJ, Harper TM, Foster K, Luk E, Xiang Q, Grubb MF, Robl JA, Wacker DA. Utilization of an Active Site Mutant Receptor for the Identification of Potent and Selective Atypical 5-HT 2C Receptor Agonists. J Med Chem 2017. [PMID: 28635286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Agonism of the 5-HT2C receptor represents one of the most well-studied and clinically proven mechanisms for pharmacological weight reduction. Selectivity over the closely related 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors is critical as their activation has been shown to lead to undesirable side effects and major safety concerns. In this communication, we report the development of a new screening paradigm that utilizes an active site mutant D134A (D3.32) 5-HT2C receptor to identify atypical agonist structures. We additionally report the discovery and optimization of a novel class of nonbasic heterocyclic amide agonists of 5-HT2C. SAR investigations around the screening hits provided a diverse set of potent agonists at 5-HT2C with high selectivity over the related 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptor subtypes. Further optimization through replacement of the amide with a variety of five- and six-membered heterocycles led to the identification of 6-(1-ethyl-3-(quinolin-8-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridazin-3-amine (69). Oral administration of 69 to rats reduced food intake in an ad libitum feeding model, which could be completely reversed by a selective 5-HT2C antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Carpenter
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Gang Wu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Jianxin Feng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Xiang-Yang Ye
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Christian L Morales
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Matthias Broekema
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Karen A Rossi
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Keith J Miller
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Brian J Murphy
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Ginger Wu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Sarah E Malmstrom
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Anthony V Azzara
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Philip M Sher
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - John M Fevig
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Andrew Alt
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Robert L Bertekap
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Mary Jane Cullen
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Timothy M Harper
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Kimberly Foster
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Emily Luk
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Qian Xiang
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Mary F Grubb
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Robl
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Dean A Wacker
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Discovery Biology, Lead Evaluation, Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Discovery Toxicology, and Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmaceutical Research Institute , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
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Yamagiwa Y, Haranosono Y, Nemoto S, Atsumi I, Kurata M, Kito G, Hatakeyama H, Koizumi H, Sakaki H. Characteristics of corneal phospholipidosis induced by topical ocular application of chloroquine and amiodarone in rabbits. J Toxicol Pathol 2017; 30:135-143. [PMID: 28458451 PMCID: PMC5406592 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cationic-amphiphilic drugs such as chloroquine and amiodarone are known to induce phospholipidosis in the cornea by systemic administration. However, the characteristics of ophthalmological and pathological changes when phospholipidosis-inducing drugs are topically applied have not been well studied. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of corneal changes caused by topical application of chloroquine and amiodarone to Japanese white rabbits. The changes were evaluated by ophthalmological, histopathological, and ultrastructural examinations. An in vivo confocal microscopy was also applied to the chloroquine-treated corneas. In both chloroquine- and amiodarone-treated corneas, diffuse cloudiness was observed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and its transparency increased with duration of dosing. Confocal microscopy showed punctate dots in the corneal epithelium. Histopathologically, cytoplasmic vacuolation was found in the corneal epithelium and keratocytes in both chloroquine- and amiodarone-treated eyes. Furthermore, foamy cytoplasm of the corneal endothelium was observed in the chloroquine-treated eyes. Ultrastructural examination showed multi-lamellar inclusion bodies or membrane-like debris in the lysosome-like vacuoles in the cytoplasm of corneal cells, which is a characteristic of the lesions of phospholipidosis. These changes disappeared after a withdrawal period. Continuous dosing of chloroquine resulted in corneal erosion and focal corneal opacity as shown by gross observation and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Confocal microscopy could detect the corneal changes prior to the appearance of these ophthalmological changes. The present study showed that phospholipidosis caused by ocular administration of chloroquine and amiodarone first induces reversible diffuse corneal cloudiness. Confocal microscopy is a useful method for monitoring induction of corneal phospholipidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Yamagiwa
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Yu Haranosono
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Shingo Nemoto
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Atsumi
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurata
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Gakushi Kito
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hatakeyama
- Clinical Pathology Department, Ina Research Inc., 2148-288 Nishi-minowa, Ina, Nagano 399-4501, Japan
| | - Haruko Koizumi
- Clinical Pathology Department, Ina Research Inc., 2148-288 Nishi-minowa, Ina, Nagano 399-4501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sakaki
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-5-4 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
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33
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Ceccarelli M, Wagner B, Alvarez-Sánchez R, Cruciani G, Goracci L. Use of the Distribution Coefficient in Brain Polar Lipids for the Assessment of Drug-Induced Phospholipidosis Risk. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1145-1156. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ceccarelli
- Laboratory
for Chemoinformatics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry,
Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - B. Wagner
- pRED,
Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Research, Innovation
Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R. Alvarez-Sánchez
- pRED,
Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Research, Innovation
Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - G. Cruciani
- Laboratory
for Chemoinformatics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry,
Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Goracci
- Laboratory
for Chemoinformatics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry,
Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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34
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Lecommandeur E, Baker D, Cox TM, Nicholls AW, Griffin JL. Alterations in endo-lysosomal function induce similar hepatic lipid profiles in rodent models of drug-induced phospholipidosis and Sandhoff disease. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1306-1314. [PMID: 28377426 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m073395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL) is characterized by an increase in the phospholipid content of the cell and the accumulation of drugs and lipids inside the lysosomes of affected tissues, including in the liver. Although of uncertain pathological significance for patients, the condition remains a major impediment for the clinical development of new drugs. Human Sandhoff disease (SD) is caused by inherited defects of the β subunit of lysosomal β-hexosaminidases (Hex) A and B, leading to a large array of symptoms, including neurodegeneration and ultimately death by the age of 4 in its most common form. The substrates of Hex A and B, gangliosides GM2 and GA2, accumulate inside the lysosomes of the CNS and in peripheral organs. Given that both DIPL and SD are associated with lysosomes and lipid metabolism in general, we measured the hepatic lipid profiles in rodent models of these two conditions using untargeted LC/MS to examine potential commonalities. Both model systems shared a number of perturbed lipid pathways, notably those involving metabolism of cholesteryl esters, lysophosphatidylcholines, bis(monoacylglycero)phosphates, and ceramides. We report here profound alterations in lipid metabolism in the SD liver. In addition, DIPL induced a wide range of lipid changes not previously observed in the liver, highlighting similarities with those detected in the model of SD and raising concerns that these lipid changes may be associated with underlying pathology associated with lysosomal storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lecommandeur
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy M Cox
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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35
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New Thiazolyl-triazole Schiff Bases: Synthesis and Evaluation of the Anti-Candida Potential. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111595. [PMID: 27879678 PMCID: PMC6273197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of the dangerous phenomenon of fungal resistance to the available therapies, we present here the chemical synthesis of a new series of thiazolyl-triazole Schiff bases B1–B15, which were in vitro assessed for their anti-Candida potential. Compound B10 was found to be more potent against Candida spp. when compared with the reference drugs Fluconazole and Ketoconazole. A docking study of the newly synthesized Schiff bases was performed, and results showed good binding affinity in the active site of co-crystallized Itraconazole-lanosterol 14α-demethylase isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An in silico ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) study was done in order to predict some pharmacokinetic and pharmacotoxicological properties. The Schiff bases showed good drug-like properties. The results of in vitro anti-Candida activity, a docking study and ADMET prediction revealed that the newly synthesized compounds have potential anti-Candida activity and evidenced the most active derivative, B10, which can be further optimized as a lead compound.
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36
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Histopathological Evaluation of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Rodent Models. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3763250. [PMID: 27975052 PMCID: PMC5128699 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3763250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) can occur in 3–25% of patients receiving radiocontrast material (RCM) despite appropriate preventive measures. Often patients with an atherosclerotic vasculature have to receive large doses of RCM. Thus, animal studies to uncover the exact pathomechanism of CI-AKI are needed. Sensitive and specific histologic end-points are lacking; thus in the present review we summarize the histologic appearance of different rodent models of CI-AKI. Single injection of RCM causes overt renal damage only in rabbits. Rats and mice need an additional insult to the kidney to establish a clinically manifest CI-AKI. In this review we demonstrate that the concentrating ability of the kidney may be responsible for species differences in sensitivity to CI-AKI. The most commonly held theory about the pathomechanism of CI-AKI is tubular cell injury due to medullary hypoxia. Thus, the most common additional insult in rats and mice is some kind of ischemia. The histologic appearance is tubular epithelial cell (TEC) damage; however severe TEC damage is only seen if RCM is combined by additional ischemia. TEC vacuolization is the first sign of CI-AKI, as it is a consequence of RCM pinocytosis and lysosomal fusion; however it is not sensitive as it does not correlate with renal function and is not specific as other forms of TEC damage also cause vacuolization. In conclusion, histopathology alone is insufficient and functional parameters and molecular biomarkers are needed to closely monitor CI-AKI in rodent experiments.
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Shirai N, Geoly FJ, Bobrowski WF, Okerberg C. The Application of Paraphenylenediamine Staining for Assessment of Phospholipidosis. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:1160-1165. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623316673921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis is characterized by intracellular accumulation of phospholipids with lamellar bodies in cells exposed to xenobiotics. Demonstration of the lamellar bodies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the hallmark for a definitive diagnosis of phospholipidosis. However, the preparation of tissue samples for TEM and their ultrastructural evaluation are technically challenging and time consuming. Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is essentially a fat stain, and the staining mechanism is based upon the osmication of unsaturated lipids. Thus, the application of PPD staining to osmicated tissue samples is considered an optimal way to identify lipids. We evaluated the potential of PPD staining to localize phospholipid accumulations on osmium-fixed semi-thin tissue sections of the lung, kidney, and liver, which were affected with phospholipidosis, under a light microscope. PPD staining revealed the presence of PPD positive dark fine granular material in the cytoplasm for all affected tissues examined, which correlated ultrastructurally with lamellar bodies as well as a light microscopic finding of cytoplasmic vacuolation. The great advantage of PPD is that it can be incorporated into the protocol for standard TEM tissue preparation and significantly improve the efficiency of TEM work. In conclusion, PPD provides a simple, sensitive, and reliable method for visualizing phospholipid accumulation on light microscopy and represents an easy tool to study drug-induced phospholipidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Shirai
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Frank J. Geoly
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Walter F. Bobrowski
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlin Okerberg
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
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38
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Drug-induced phospholipidosis caused by combinations of common drugs in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 35:139-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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39
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Predicting in vivo phospholipidosis-inducing potential of drugs by a combined high content screening and in silico modelling approach. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:621-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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40
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Goracci L, Buratta S, Urbanelli L, Ferrara G, Di Guida R, Emiliani C, Cross S. Evaluating the risk of phospholipidosis using a new multidisciplinary pipeline approach. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 92:49-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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41
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Ferreira PG, Costa S, Dias N, Ferreira AJ, Franco F. Simultaneous interstitial pneumonitis and cardiomyopathy induced by venlafaxine. J Bras Pneumol 2015; 40:313-8. [PMID: 25029655 PMCID: PMC4109204 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132014000300015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used as an
antidepressant. Interindividual variability and herb-drug interactions can lead to
drug-induced toxicity. We report the case of a 35-year-old female patient diagnosed
with synchronous pneumonitis and acute cardiomyopathy attributed to venlafaxine. The
patient sought medical attention due to dyspnea and dry cough that started three
months after initiating treatment with venlafaxine for depression. The patient was
concomitantly taking Centella asiatica and Fucus
vesiculosus as phytotherapeutic agents. Chest CT angiography and chest
X-ray revealed parenchymal lung disease (diffuse micronodules and focal ground-glass
opacities) and simultaneous dilated cardiomyopathy. Ecocardiography revealed a left
ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 21%. A thorough investigation was carried
out, including BAL, imaging studies, autoimmune testing, right heart catheterization,
and myocardial biopsy. After excluding other etiologies and applying the Naranjo
Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale, a diagnosis of synchronous
pneumonitis/cardiomyopathy associated with venlafaxine was assumed. The herbal
supplements taken by the patient have a known potential to inhibit cytochrome P450
enzyme complex, which is responsible for the metabolization of venlafaxine. After
venlafaxine discontinuation, there was rapid improvement, with regression of the
radiological abnormalities and normalization of the LVEF. This was an important case
of drug-induced cardiopulmonary toxicity. The circumstantial intake of inhibitors of
the CYP2D6 isoenzyme and the presence of a CYP2D6 slow metabolism phenotype might
have resulted in the toxic accumulation of venlafaxine and the subsequent clinical
manifestations. Here, we also discuss why macrophage-dominant phospholipidosis was
the most likely mechanism of toxicity in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susana Costa
- Department of Cardiology, Coimbra Hospital, University Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Dias
- Department of Anatomopathology, Coimbra Hospital, University Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Fátima Franco
- Department of Pulmonology, Coimbra Hospital, University Center, Coimbra, Portugal
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42
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Przybylak KR, Alzahrani AR, Cronin MTD. How Does the Quality of Phospholipidosis Data Influence the Predictivity of Structural Alerts? J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:2224-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ci500233k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna R. Przybylak
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, England
| | - Abdullah Rzgallah Alzahrani
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, England
| | - Mark T. D. Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, England
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43
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Forbes B, O'Lone R, Allen PP, Cahn A, Clarke C, Collinge M, Dailey LA, Donnelly LE, Dybowski J, Hassall D, Hildebrand D, Jones R, Kilgour J, Klapwijk J, Maier CC, McGovern T, Nikula K, Parry JD, Reed MD, Robinson I, Tomlinson L, Wolfreys A. Challenges for inhaled drug discovery and development: Induced alveolar macrophage responses. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 71:15-33. [PMID: 24530633 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophage (AM) responses are commonly induced in inhalation toxicology studies, typically being observed as an increase in number or a vacuolated 'foamy' morphology. Discriminating between adaptive AM responses and adverse events during nonclinical and clinical development is a major scientific challenge. When measuring and interpreting induced AM responses, an understanding of macrophage biology is essential; this includes 'sub-types' of AMs with different roles in health and disease and mechanisms of induction/resolution of AM responses to inhalation of pharmaceutical aerosols. In this context, emerging assay techniques, the utility of toxicokinetics and the requirement for new biomarkers are considered. Risk assessment for nonclinical toxicology findings and their translation to effects in humans is discussed from a scientific and regulatory perspective. At present, when apparently adaptive macrophage-only responses to inhaled investigational products are observed in nonclinical studies, this poses a challenge for risk assessment and an improved understanding of induced AM responses to inhaled pharmaceuticals is required.
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44
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Chang JCF, Ciaccio P, Schroeder P, Wright L, Westwood R, Berg AL. Pathology and Neurotoxicity in Dogs after Repeat Dose Exposure to a Serotonin 5-HT1B Inhibitor. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 27:31-42. [PMID: 24791065 PMCID: PMC4000071 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2013-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AZD3783, a cationic amphiphilic drug and a potent inhibitor of the 5-hydroxytryptamine
(5-HT1B) receptor, was explored as a potential treatment for depression. To
support clinical trials, repeat dose toxicity studies in rats and dogs were conducted.
Here we report toxicity findings in dogs after dosing from 1 to 3 months. In the 1-month
study, there were minimal neuronal vacuolation in the brain, a marked increase in liver
enzymes accompanied by hepatocellular degeneration/necrosis and phospholipidosis (PLD),
and PLD/cholecystitis in the gallbladder of animals dosed at 47 mg/kg/day. In the 3-month
study, neurotoxicity resulted in euthanasia of one animal dosed at 30 mg/kg/day after 86
days. Extensive pathologic changes were seen in all animals in retina epithelium
(inclusion bodies), brain (neuronal vacuolation, degeneration, or necrosis and nerve fiber
degeneration), spinal ganglia (vacuolation, degeneration, or necrosis), as well as sciatic
and optic nerves (degeneration). Pigment-laden macrophages were observed in the lung,
kidney, liver, gallbladder, bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and lymphoid tissues.
Also seen were vitrel and retinal hemorrhage in the eyes. A brain concentration and
pathology study showed that the concentration of AZD3783 in the brain was approximately 4
times higher than in the plasma after 4 weeks of dosing, however, they were similar in all
regions examined, and did not correlate with areas with pathologic findings. Our findings
with AZD3783 in dogs have not been reported previously with other CNS compounds that
effect through serotonergic pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Ciaccio
- AstraZeneca R&D, Wilmington, DE 19850, USA ; Cubist Pharmaceuticals, 65 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Patricia Schroeder
- AstraZeneca R&D, Wilmington, DE 19850, USA ; EMD Serono, 45 A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Lindsay Wright
- AstraZeneca R&D, Alderly Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, England
| | - Russell Westwood
- AstraZeneca R&D, Alderly Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, England
| | - Anna-Lena Berg
- AstraZeneca R&D, Södertälje, Sweden ; MPA, Läkemedelsverket, Uppsala, Sweden
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45
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Bocchini N, Giantin M, Crivellente F, Ferraresso S, Faustinelli I, Dacasto M, Cristofori P. Molecular biomarkers of phospholipidosis in rat blood and heart after amiodarone treatment. J Appl Toxicol 2014; 35:90-103. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bocchini
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
- Scuola di Dottorato in Scienze Veterinarie, indirizzo di Sanità pubblica e Patologia comparata; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | | | - Serena Ferraresso
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Ivo Faustinelli
- Preclinical Technologies; Aptuit, via Fleming 4 37135 Verona Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione; Università di Padova; viale dell'Università 16 I-35020 Legnaro (Padova) Italy
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46
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Goracci L, Ceccarelli M, Bonelli D, Cruciani G. Modeling Phospholipidosis Induction: Reliability and Warnings. J Chem Inf Model 2013; 53:1436-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ci400113t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Goracci
- Laboratory
for Chemometrics and Cheminformatics, Chemistry
Department, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Ceccarelli
- Laboratory
for Chemometrics and Cheminformatics, Chemistry
Department, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonelli
- Laboratory
for Chemometrics and Cheminformatics, Chemistry
Department, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Cruciani
- Laboratory
for Chemometrics and Cheminformatics, Chemistry
Department, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
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47
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Muehlbacher M, Tripal P, Roas F, Kornhuber J. Identification of drugs inducing phospholipidosis by novel in vitro data. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:1925-34. [PMID: 22945602 PMCID: PMC3533795 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis (PLD) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of phospholipids within the lysosome. This adverse drug effect can occur in various tissues and is suspected to impact cellular viability. Therefore, it is important to test chemical compounds for their potential to induce PLD during the drug design process. PLD has been reported to be a side effect of many commonly used drugs, especially those with cationic amphiphilic properties. To predict drug-induced PLD in silico, we established a high-throughput cell-culture-based method to quantitatively determine the induction of PLD by chemical compounds. Using this assay, we tested 297 drug-like compounds at two different concentrations (2.5 μM and 5.0 μM). We were able to identify 28 previously unknown PLD-inducing agents. Furthermore, our experimental results enabled the development of a binary classification model to predict PLD-inducing agents based on their molecular properties. This random forest prediction system yields a bootstrapped validated accuracy of 86 %. PLD-inducing agents overlap with those that target similar biological processes; a high degree of concordance with PLD-inducing agents was identified for cationic amphiphilic compounds, small molecules that inhibit acid sphingomyelinase, compounds that cross the blood-brain barrier, and compounds that violate Lipinski's rule of five. Furthermore, we were able to show that PLD-inducing compounds applied in combination additively induce PLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Muehlbacher
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen (Germany); Computer Chemistry Center, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Nägelsbachstr. 25, 91052 Erlangen (Germany)
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48
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Högberg T, Frimurer TM, Sasmal PK. Melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) antagonists—Still a viable approach for obesity treatment? Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6039-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Nirogi R, Shinde A, Daulatabad A, Kambhampati R, Gudla P, Shaik M, Gampa M, Balasubramaniam S, Gangadasari P, Reballi V, Badange R, Bojja K, Subramanian R, Bhyrapuneni G, Muddana N, Jayarajan P. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Piperidin-4-yl amino aryl sulfonamides: Novel, Potent, Selective, Orally Active, and Brain Penetrant 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2012; 55:9255-69. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300955x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Nirogi
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Anil Shinde
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Anand Daulatabad
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Ramasastri Kambhampati
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Parandhama Gudla
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Mohammad Shaik
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Muralimohan Gampa
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Suresh Balasubramaniam
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Pamuletinarasimhareddy Gangadasari
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Veena Reballi
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Rajeshkumar Badange
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Kumar Bojja
- Discovery Research—Medicinal
Chemistry, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Ramkumar Subramanian
- Discovery Research—In
Vitro Biology, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5,
Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Gopinadh Bhyrapuneni
- Discovery Research—Drug
Metabolism and Phamacokinetics, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers,
Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Nageswararao Muddana
- Discovery Research—Drug
Metabolism and Phamacokinetics, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers,
Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Pradeep Jayarajan
- Discovery Research—In
Vivo Biology, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
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50
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Hamaguchi R, Kuroda Y, Tanimoto T, Haginaka J. Role of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate in propranolol binding to phospholipid membranes under acidic conditions as measured by high-performance frontal analysis/capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3101-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Hamaguchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Womens’ University; Nishinomiya; Hyogo; Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kuroda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Womens’ University; Nishinomiya; Hyogo; Japan
| | - Toshiko Tanimoto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Womens’ University; Nishinomiya; Hyogo; Japan
| | - Jun Haginaka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Womens’ University; Nishinomiya; Hyogo; Japan
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