Surgical nurses in teaching hospitals in Ireland: understanding pain

Validation of the Danish version of the knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain

OBJECTIVES

Pain management is critical for nurses; therefore, knowledge assessment is also critical. The Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP), designed for testing pain management knowledge among nurses, finds widespread use internationally; yet, key validity evidence according to American Psychological Association standards is missing. Therefore, this study aimed to translate and test the psychometric traits of KASRP based on an item response theory model.

METHODS

Cronbach's α was included to assess internal consistency, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was included to assess the total score normal distribution goodness of fit. KASRP was tested using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test for sphericity to examine its suitability for factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis to examine construct evidence. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to assess discriminant evidence. The correlation between KASRP and the Brockopp-Warden Pain Knowledge Questionnaire (BWPKQ) was included as a measure of convergent validity evidence, and correlation with self-assessed knowledge was tested as a divergent validity measure.

RESULTS

The questionnaire was translated using back-forth and parallel translation. The KMO test for sphericity was 0.49 for all items and 0.53 for the adjusted scale without items 30, 33, and 36, with factor analysis explaining 70.42% of the variation suggesting unacceptable construct validity evidence. Cronbach's α was 0.75, suggesting acceptable reliability evidence; the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed an insignificant skewness of -0.195 and a kurtosis of 0.001, while the Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed a significance of p < 0.001. The correlation between KASRP and the BWPKQ was 0.69 (p = 0.0001), suggesting acceptable convergent validity evidence. A correlation between KASRP and self-assessed knowledge of -0.59 was also found, which suggests acceptable divergent validity evidence.

CONCLUSIONS

The translated KASRP passed six out of seven tests based on the given sample.

Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers Toward Pain Assessment and Management in Assir Region, Saudi Arabia

Purpose:This study aims to assess nurses' knowledge and attitude towards pain assessment and management as an essential component of holistic nursing and patient care. Study Design: A cross-sectional descriptive design. Methods: A convenient sample of 282 nurses working in four health care institutions in the South region of Saudi Arabia was enrolled. The Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain tool was used to collect data from April-July 2021 through a web-based survey. Findings: The knowledge level and attitude of the nurses toward pain assessment and management was inadequate. The participants' correct mean score was (2.98). Forty percent achieved a passing score of 70%. Female nurses, postgraduate, working in medical-surgical units, had 5 to 10 years of work experience had higher knowledge and attitude levels. The barriers were categorized as patients, nurses, physicians, and system-related barriers. The most perceived barriers were nurses' shortage (76.2%); restricted opioids regulations (66.7%); and unavailable comfort measures as alternatives (59.9%). Conclusions: Inadequate nurses' knowledge and negative attitudes toward pain assessment and management is an alarming global concern. Healthcare administrators have to improve nurses' competencies through continuous education and training programs, adopt updated guidelines and eliminate barriers to achieve holistic patients' care including optimal pain control.

Pain management in the older adult: The relationship between nurses' knowledge, attitudes and nurses' practice in Ireland and Jordan

BACKGROUND

Research studies regarding nurses' knowledge attitudes and practice in the older adult are limited. Furthermore, none of these studies attempted to investigate the relationship between knowledge attitudes and practice. Furthermore, little studies compared nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practice between Eastern and Western countries.

AIM

To describe the factors associated with nurses' acute pain management practice in the context of caring for older adult patients.

METHOD

A quantitative, correlational, comparative and cross-sectional survey approach.

DATA COLLECTION

Data were collected using survey questionnaire.

SAMPLE

A sample of 267 registered nurses from Ireland and Jordan (one private hospital in each country).

RESULTS

A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that nurses' general knowledge and attitude towards pain management was associated with their pain management practice, with a regression coefficient of 0.14 (p = 0.002). However, knowledge of pain in the elderly failed to reach a statistically significant relationship with pain management practice. In regards to country and gender, Irish nurses had an average score that was 2.61 points higher than Jordanian nurses (p < 0.001), female nurses had an average score that was 0.67 points higher than male nurses (p = 0.025). The overall regression model was significant (p < 0.001) with an R² value of 43.2%, indicating that 43.2% of the variation in scores was explained by knowledge, attitude and practice.

CONCLUSION

More research studies combining the three concepts (knowledge, attitude and practice) are recommended in the area of pain management.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Ethiopian Nursing Staff Regarding Post-Operative Pain Management: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study

BACKGROUND

Pain management is one part of management in the postoperative period. The prevalence of moderate to severe postoperative pain and its functional interference is high in Ethiopian patients. In this study we aimed (1) to assess nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding post-operative pain management; (2) to identify the factors of nurses' knowledge and attitudes.

METHOD

A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted. All nurses working in Amhara region referral hospitals were involved in the study. The Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (NKASRP) was used to measure the nurses' pain management knowledge and attitudes. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with knowledge and attitude.

RESULTS

A total of 433 nurses were included. Of the total respondents, 90.6% of them had a bachelor's degree with work experience of between 1 to 5 years (58.5%). Only 76 (19.2%) participants got access to read journals and 66 (16.7%) had taken training regarding postoperative pain management. The results showed that 56.5% [95% CI= (51.6-61.3)] respondents had adequate knowledge and 8.9% [95% CI= (6.1-11.6)] of them had positive attitudes towards POP management. Higher level of education [AOR=8.2; CI= (2.51-26.83)], getting access to read journals [AOR =1.83; CI= (1.01-3.30)], and taking POP management training [AOR=8.63; CI= (3.67-20.28)] were statistically associated with adequate knowledge. Similarly, positive attitude towards postoperative pain management was associated with taking POP management training, available of pain management course in the curriculum, and getting access to read.

CONCLUSION

Although more than half of nurses in the study area had adequate knowledge towards POP management, only a small number had a positive attitude. Taking POP management training and getting access to read journals were significantly associated with good knowledge and attitude towards POP management; therefore, regular in-service training and getting accessing reading materials (such as journals or articles) are recommended to enhance quality service to patients.

Patients, caregivers and nurses' attitudes toward patients' participation in knee and hip joint replacement pain management: a Q-methodology study

Background: Patients are often not actively involved in their acute pain management.Objectives: To understand the attitudes of patients, family caregivers and nurses to patient participation in pain management after their knee or hip joint replacement.Design: Q-methodological design.Methods: 45 participants were recruited, included 15 patients, 15 caregivers and 15 nurses. Forty-nine statements were rank-ordered in a Q-sort table.Results: Four factors which explained 65% of the variance were identified from factor analysis. They are named "Endurers", "Supporters", "Worriers" ,and "Wabblers".Conclusion: Each group have a significant knowledge deficit in pain management. Patients and caregivers were more likely to have a passive attitude and false cognition towards pain and analgesic drugs. Nurses often play a role as a supporter, however, it is hard for them to understand their important role in facilitating patient involvement in their pain management.

Postoperative Patients in Jordan: Pain Prevalence, Characteristics, Beliefs, and Satisfaction

BACKGROUND

Unrelieved postoperative pain contributes to soaring medical costs and poor quality of life. Whilst much has been written about postoperative pain prevalence in the literature, few empirical studies have explored pain care in Middle Eastern countries.

AIMS

This study aimed to determine pain prevalence, its characteristics, beliefs and satisfaction among postoperative patients in Jordan.

DESIGN

This is a descriptive survey design.

SETTINGS

This study was conducted in a 200-bed Jordanian public hospital located in the southern province of Jordan.

PARTICIPANTS

A convenient sample of 143 surgical patients was selected.

METHODS

Data were collected by the American Pain Society Patient Outcomes questionnaire, Brief Pain Inventory scale and beliefs towards pain scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.

RESULTS

Pain prevalence following surgery during the first 24 hours was 87%. The overall Mean of satisfaction of all participants was moderate (66.6%). The analysis found that the greatest interference of pain was with activity (Mean ± SD = 6.27 ± 3.30). The belief "people get addicted to pain medicine easily" was the most common misunderstanding (Mean ± SD = 3.48 ± 1.71). Male participants had worse average pain experience but were more satisfied with pain management than females (ps = .012, .017, respectively). Participants aged 30 or more had better pain management experience and satisfaction than those aged under 30 (p = .021).

CONCLUSIONS

The study revealed high pain prevalence among surgical patients that remains undertreated. If patients' postoperative environment is to be a "Pain Free Zone", nurses' training programs and the application of various screening tools in the postoperative context taking into account the role of gender and culture are urgently needed.

Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers Toward Pain Management Among Postoperative Patients in Jordan

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to measure nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and barriers regarding pain management (PM) of postoperative patients in Jordan.

DESIGN

A descriptive survey research design was used.

METHODS

This descriptive study adopted a modified version of the "Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain" tool, administered to 120 nurses working in surgical wards.

FINDINGS

Nurses had inadequate knowledge of PM, with a mean knowledge score of 63.9%. Knowledge of PM and attitudes toward PM were associated positively with the age of the participant (P = .001), years of experience in the surgical area (P = .026), and academic degree of participants (P = .026).

CONCLUSIONS

Surgical nurses in this study had low knowledge levels and poor attitudes regarding PM in postoperative patients. Unless identified barriers to PM are seriously addressed, this vital aspect of holistic care will continue to be marginalized.