Role of baricitinib in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Phage Therapy in Bacterial Pneumonia Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND

Phage therapy could play an important role in the bacterial pneumonia. However, the exact role of phage therapy in bacterial pneumonia is unclear to date.

AIM

The current study aims to find out the role of phage therapy in preclinical models of bacterial pneumonia.

METHODS

The studies were searched in databases with proper MeSH terms along with Boolean operators and selected based on eligibility criteria as per the PRISMA guidelines. The Odd Ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval and the heterogeneity was also calculated. The funnel plot was used to conduct a qualitative examination of publication bias.

RESULTS

The OR was observed to be 0.11 (0.04, 0.27)] after 24 hrs, 0.11 [0.03, 0.34] after 7 days and 0.04 [0.01, 0.15] after 10 days that showed a significant role of phage therapy in reduction of deaths in the bacterial pneumonia models as compared to the placebo group. However, after 48hrs, a non-significant reduction was observed.

CONCLUSION

There was a significant role of phage therapy in the reduction of deaths in the bacterial pneumonia models.

Prevalence of poor sleep quality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the public health responses were associated with a huge health burden, which could influence sleep quality. This meta-analysis and systematic review examined the prevalence of poor sleep quality in COVID-19 patients.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO were systematically searched from their respective inception to October 27, 2022. Prevalence rates of poor sleep were analyzed using a random effects model.

Results

Totally, 24 epidemiological and 12 comparative studies with 8,146 COVID-19 patients and 5,787 healthy controls were included. The pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality based on the included studies was 65.0% (95%CI: 59.56-70.44%, I2 = 97.6%). COVID-19 patients had a higher risk of poor sleep quality compared to healthy controls (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.30-2.30, p < 0.01, I2 = 78.1%) based on the 12 comparative studies. Subgroup analysis revealed that COVID-19 patients in low-income countries (p = 0.011) and in studies using a lower Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score cut-off (p < 0.001) were more likely to have poor sleep quality. Meta-regression analyses revealed that being female (p = 0.044), older (p < 0.001) and married (p = 0.009) were significantly correlated with a higher risk of poor sleep quality while quality score (p = 0.014) were negatively correlated with the prevalence of poor sleep quality in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion

Poor sleep quality was found to be very common in COVID-19 patients. Considering the negative effects of poor sleep quality on daily life, sleep quality should be routinely assessed and appropriately addressed in COVID-19 patients.