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Zhu XL, Ke ZH, Cheng L, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Lu GH. The effect of pre-damage distribution on deuterium-induced blistering and retention in Tungsten. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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2
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Reinhart M, Möller S, Kreter A, Rasinski M, Kuhn B. Influence of surface temperature, ion impact energy, and bulk tungsten content on the sputtering of steels: In situ observations from plasma exposure in PSI-2. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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The impact of surface morphology on the erosion of metallic surfaces – Modelling with the 3D Monte-Carlo code ERO2.0. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2021.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Xu Y, Xu Y, Wu Z, Luo L, Zan X, Yao G, Xi Y, Wang Y, Ding X, Bi H, Zhu X, Xu Q, Wu J, Wu Y. Plasma-surface interaction experimental device: PSIEC and its first plasma exposure experiments on bulk tungsten and coatings. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Goriaev A, Wauters T, Möller S, Brakel R, Brezinsek S, Buermans J, Crombé K, Dinklage A, Habrichs R, Höschen D, Krause M, Kovtun Y, López-Rodríguez D, Louche F, Moon S, Nicolai D, Thomas J, Ragona R, Rubel M, Rüttgers T, Petersson P, Brunsell P, Linsmeier C, Van Schoor M. The upgraded TOMAS device: A toroidal plasma facility for wall conditioning, plasma production, and plasma-surface interaction studies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:023506. [PMID: 33648119 DOI: 10.1063/5.0033229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Toroidal Magnetized System device has been significantly upgraded to enable development of various wall conditioning techniques, including methods based on ion and electron cyclotron (IC/EC) range of frequency plasmas, and to complement plasma-wall interaction research in tokamaks and stellarators. The toroidal magnetic field generated by 16 coils can reach its maximum of 125 mT on the toroidal axis. The EC system is operated at 2.45 GHz with up to 6 kW forward power. The IC system can couple up to 6 kW in the frequency range of 10 MHz-50 MHz. The direct current glow discharge system is based on a graphite anode with a maximum voltage of 1.5 kV and a current of 6 A. A load-lock system with a vertical manipulator allows exposure of material samples. A number of diagnostics have been installed: single- and triple-pin Langmuir probes for radial plasma profiles, a time-of-flight neutral particle analyzer capable of detecting neutrals in the energy range of 10 eV-1000 eV, and a quadrupole mass spectrometer and video systems for plasma imaging. The majority of systems and diagnostics are controlled by the Siemens SIMATIC S7 system, which also provides safety interlocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goriaev
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Wauters
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Möller
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - R Brakel
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Brezinsek
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - J Buermans
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Crombé
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Dinklage
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Habrichs
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - D Höschen
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - M Krause
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yu Kovtun
- Institute of Plasma Physics, NSC KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
| | | | - F Louche
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Moon
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Nicolai
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - J Thomas
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - R Ragona
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Rubel
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Rüttgers
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - P Petersson
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Brunsell
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ch Linsmeier
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research-Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - M Van Schoor
- Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) Partner, Brussels, Belgium
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6
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Costin C. Secondary electron emission under magnetic constraint: from Monte Carlo simulations to analytical solution. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1874. [PMID: 33479278 PMCID: PMC7820590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The secondary electron emission process is essential for the optimal operation of a wide range of applications, including fusion reactors, high-energy accelerators, or spacecraft. The process can be influenced and controlled by the use of a magnetic field. An analytical solution is proposed to describe the secondary electron emission process in an oblique magnetic field. It was derived from Monte Carlo simulations. The analytical formula captures the influence of the magnetic field magnitude and tilt, electron emission energy, electron reflection on the surface, and electric field intensity on the secondary emission process. The last two parameters increase the effective emission while the others act the opposite. The electric field effect is equivalent to a reduction of the magnetic field tilt. A very good agreement is shown between the analytical and numerical results for a wide range of parameters. The analytical solution is a convenient tool for the theoretical study and design of magnetically assisted applications, providing realistic input for subsequent simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu Costin
- Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506, Iasi, Romania.
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7
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Sun C, Sang C, Ye H, Wang Q, Liu H, Wang Z, Wang H, Ke R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang D. The design of Multiple Plasma Simulation Linear Device. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Micro-structured tungsten, a high heat flux pulse proof material. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Houben A, Scheuer J, Rasiński M, Kreter A, Unterberg B, Linsmeier C. Hydrogen permeation and retention in deuterium plasma exposed 316L ITER steel. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Litnovsky A, Schmitz J, Klein F, De Lannoye K, Weckauf S, Kreter A, Rasinski M, Coenen JW, Linsmeier C, Gonzalez-Julian J, Bram M, Povstugar I, Morgan T, Nguyen-Manh D, Gilbert M, Sobieraj D, Wróbel JS. Smart Tungsten-based Alloys for a First Wall of DEMO. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Deuterium retention in tungsten and reduced activation steels after 3 MeV proton irradiation. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Coenen J, Mao Y, Sistla S, Müller A, Pintsuk G, Wirtz M, Riesch J, Hoeschen T, Terra A, You JH, Greuner H, Kreter A, Broeckmann C, Neu R, Linsmeier C. Materials development for new high heat-flux component mock-ups for DEMO. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Mertens P, Boman R, Dickheuer S, Krasikov Y, Krimmer A, Leichtle D, Liegeois K, Linsmeier C, Litnovsky A, Marchuk O, Rasinski M, De Bock M. On the use of rhodium mirrors for optical diagnostics in ITER. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Litnovsky A, Peng J, Kreter A, Krasikov Y, Rasinski M, Nordlund K, Granberg F, Jussila J, Breuer U, Linsmeier C. Optimization of single crystal mirrors for ITER diagnostics. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Emission of Fast Hydrogen Atoms in a Low Density Gas Discharge—The Most “Natural” Mirror Laboratory. ATOMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms7030081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present a new application for the line shapes of emission induced by reflected hydrogen atoms. Optical properties of the solids in contact with the plasma could be effectively measured at the wavelength of Balmer lines: time-resolved measurements of reflectance and polarization properties of mirrors are performed using the wavelength separation of the direct and reflected signals. One uses the Doppler effect of emission of atoms excited by collisions with noble gases, primarily with Ar or with Kr. In spite of a new application of line shapes, the question of the source of the strong signal in the case of Ar exists: the emission observed in the case of the excitation of H or D atoms by Ar exceeds the signal induced by collisions with Kr atoms by a factor of five, and the only available experimental data for the ground state excitation show practically equal cross-sections for both gases in the energy range of 80–200 eV.
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16
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Design of magnetic configurations for the linear plasma device LEAD. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Measurement of the Magnetic Field in a Linear Magnetized Plasma by Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy. ATOMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms7020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is a commonly used technique to measure the temperature and density of atoms or molecules in a gas. In this work, we demonstrate that the TDLAS diagnostics could be effectively applied to measure the magnetic field in a low-density weakly magnetized plasma using the Zeeman splitting of the absorption spectrum of lines from noble gases. The laser wavelength is tailored to fit the 1 s 5 → 2 p 6 transition of atomic Ar with the wavelength λ = 763.51 nm . Two mechanisms of line broadening and splitting are observed: Doppler broadening and Zeeman effect. The latter is especially pronounced by applying polarization-selective observation of the absorption to the TDLAS measurements. By fitting the σ and π components of the absorption spectrum, the line-integrated magnetic field on the order of 30–50 mT is determined. The agreement between the measured values and the vacuum field (neglecting the impact of the plasma) calculations on the axis of the PSI-2 is found to be about 15–20%.
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18
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Surface roughness effect on Mo physical sputtering and re-deposition in the linear plasma device PSI-2 predicted by ERO2.0. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Bernard E, Sakamoto R, Hodille E, Kreter A, Autissier E, Barthe MF, Desgardin P, Schwarz-Selinger T, Burwitz V, Feuillastre S, Garcia-Argote S, Pieters G, Rousseau B, Ialovega M, Bisson R, Ghiorghiu F, Corr C, Thompson M, Doerner R, Markelj S, Yamada H, Yoshida N, Grisolia C. Tritium retention in W plasma-facing materials: Impact of the material structure and helium irradiation. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Nishijima D, Kreter A, Baldwin M, Borodin D, Eksaeva A, Hwangbo D, Kajita S, Miyamoto M, Ohno N, Patino M, Pospieszczyk A, Rasinski M, Schlummer T, Terra A, Doerner R. Influence of heavier impurity deposition on surface morphology development and sputtering behavior explored in multiple linear plasma devices. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Influence of thermal shocks on the He induced surface morphology on tungsten. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Dickheuer S, Marchuk O, Ertmer S, Goriaev A, Ialovega M, Göths B, Krasikov Y, Mertens P, Kreter A. In situ measurement of the spectral reflectance of mirror-like metallic surfaces during plasma exposition. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Martynova Y, Freisinger M, Kreter A, Göths B, Möller S, Terra A, Matveev D, Rasiński M, Unterberg B, Brezinsek S, Linsmeier C. Impact of Kr and Ar seeding on D retention in ferritic-martensitic steels after high-fluence plasma exposure. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Möller S, Kuhn B, Rayaprolu R, Heuer S, Rasinski M, Kreter A. HiperFer, a reduced activation ferritic steel tested for nuclear fusion applications. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Qu S, Sun H, Kreter A, Yuan Y, Cheng L, Huang Z, Xu B, Chen W, Cui W, Tang Z, Jia Y, Lian Y, Liu X, Liu W. Degradation of thermal conductivity of the damaged layer of tungsten irradiated by helium-plasma. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Youchison D, Brezinsek S, Lumsdaine A, Klett J, Coenen J, Parish C, Ievlev A, Oelmann J, Li C, Rasinski M, Martynova Y, Linsmeier C, Ertmer S, Kreter A. Plasma exposures of a high-conductivity graphitic foam for plasma facing components. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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Litnovsky A, Klein F, Schmitz J, Wegener T, Linsmeier C, Gilbert M, Rasinski M, Kreter A, Tan X, Mao Y, Coenen J, Bram M, Gonzalez-Julian J. Smart first wall materials for intrinsic safety of a fusion power plant. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Temperature-dependent in-situ LEIS measurement of W surface enrichment by 250 eV D sputtering of EUROFER. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Dickheuer S, Marchuk O, Brandt C, Pospieszczyk A, Goriaev A, Ialovega M, Göths B, Krasikov Y, Krimmer A, Mertens P, Kreter A. In situ measurements of the spectral reflectance of metallic mirrors at the H α line in a low density Ar-H plasma. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:063112. [PMID: 29960554 DOI: 10.1063/1.5024995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficient and reliable control and monitoring of the quality of the optical properties of mirrors is an open problem in laboratory plasmas. Until now, the measurement of the reflectance of the first mirrors was based on the methods that require additional light calibration sources. We propose a new technique based on the ratio of the red- and blue-shifted emission signals of the reflected hydrogen atoms which enables the in situ measurement of the spectral reflectance of metallic mirrors in low-density Ar-H or Ar-D plasmas. The spectral reflectance coefficients were measured for C, Al, Ag, Fe, Pd, Ti, Sn, Rh, Mo, and W mirrors installed in the linear magnetized plasma device PSI-2 operating in the pressure range of 0.01-0.1 Pa. The results are obtained for the Hα line using the emission of fast atoms induced by excitation of H atoms through Ar at a plasma-solid interface by applying a negative potential U = -80, …, -220 V to the mirror. The agreement between the measured and theoretical data of reflectance is found to be within 10% for the investigated materials (except for C). The spectra also allow us to efficiently determine the material of the mirror.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Dickheuer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Marchuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Albrecht Pospieszczyk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andrei Goriaev
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Mykola Ialovega
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Beatrix Göths
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Yuri Krasikov
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Krimmer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Philippe Mertens
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Arkadi Kreter
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Triliteral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Schmitz J, Litnovsky A, Klein F, Wegener T, Tan X, Rasinski M, Mutzke A, Hansen P, Kreter A, Pospieszczyk A, Möller S, Coenen J, Linsmeier C, Breuer U, Gonzalez-Julian J, Bram M. WCrY smart alloys as advanced plasma-facing materials – Exposure to steady-state pure deuterium plasmas in PSI-2. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Lee KY, Lee KI, Kim JH, Lho T. High resolution Thomson scattering system for steady-state linear plasma sources. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:013508. [PMID: 29390720 DOI: 10.1063/1.5003723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The high resolution Thomson scattering system with 63 points along a 25 mm line measures the radial electron temperature (Te) and its density (ne) in an argon plasma. By using a DC arc source with lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) electrode, plasmas with electron temperature of over 5 eV and densities of 1.5 × 1019 m-3 have been measured. The system uses a frequency doubled (532 nm) Nd:YAG laser with 0.25 J/pulse at 20 Hz. The scattered light is collected and sent to a triple-grating spectrometer via optical-fibers, where images are recorded by an intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) camera. Although excellent in stray-light reduction, a disadvantage comes with its relatively low optical transmission and in sampling a tiny scattering volume. Thus requires accumulating multitude of images. In order to improve photon statistics, pixel binning in the ICCD camera as well as enlarging the intermediate slit-width inside the triple-grating spectrometer has been exploited. In addition, the ICCD camera capture images at 40 Hz while the laser is at 20 Hz. This operation mode allows us to alternate between background and scattering shot images. By image subtraction, influences from the plasma background are effectively taken out. Maximum likelihood estimation that uses a parameter sweep finds best fitting parameters Te and ne with the incoherent scattering spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Lee
- Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research Institute, 814-2 Osikdo-dong, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do 573-540, South Korea
| | - K I Lee
- Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research Institute, 814-2 Osikdo-dong, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do 573-540, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research Institute, 814-2 Osikdo-dong, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do 573-540, South Korea
| | - T Lho
- Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research Institute, 814-2 Osikdo-dong, Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do 573-540, South Korea
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32
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Litnovsky A, Krasikov Y, Rasinski M, Kreter A, Linsmeier C, Mertens P, Unterberg B, Breuer U, Wegener T. First direct comparative test of single crystal rhodium and molybdenum mirrors for ITER diagnostics. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Hamaji Y, Lee H, Kreter A, Möller S, Rasinski M, Tokitani M, Masuzaki S, Sagara A, Oya M, Ibano K, Ueda Y, Sakamoto R. Damage and deuterium retention of re-solidified tungsten following vertical displacement event-like heat load. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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ERO modelling of tungsten erosion in the linear plasma device PSI-2. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Design and development of a LIBS system on linear plasma device PSI-2 for in situ real-time diagnostics of plasma-facing materials. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Martynova Y, Möller S, Rasiński M, Matveev D, Freisinger M, Kiss K, Kreter A, Unterberg B, Brezinsek S, Linsmeier C. Deuterium retention in RAFM steels after high fluence plasma exposure. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hubeny M, Schweer B, Luggenhölscher D, Czarnetzki U, Unterberg B. Thomson scattering of plasma turbulence on PSI-2. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Sorokin I, Vizgalov I, Kurnaev V, Brandt C, Kreter A, Linsmeier C. In-situ mass-spectrometer of magnetized plasmas. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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The microstructure of tungsten exposed to D plasma with different impurities. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Influence of the base temperature on the performance of tungsten under thermal and particle exposure. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Lu GH, Cheng L, Arshad K, Yuan Y, Wang J, Qin S, Zhang Y, Zhu K, Luo GN, Zhou H, Li B, Wu J, Wang B. Development and Optimization of STEP—A Linear Plasma Device for Plasma-Material Interaction Studies. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst16-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hong Lu
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kameel Arshad
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shaoyang Qin
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kaigui Zhu
- Beihang University, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beijing 100191, China
- Beihang University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Nan Luo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Haishan Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Bo Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiefeng Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Beijing University of Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing 100124, China
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Huber A, Sergienko G, Wirtz M, Steudel I, Arakcheev A, Brezinsek S, Burdakov A, Dittmar T, Esser H, Freisinger M, Kreter A, Linke J, Linsmeier C, Mertens P, Möller S, Reinhart M, Terra A, Unterberg B. Deuterium retention in tungsten under combined high cycle ELM-like heat loads and steady-state plasma exposure. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Steudel I, Huber A, Kreter A, Linke J, Sergienko G, Unterberg B, Wirtz M. Melt-layer formation on PFMs and the consequences for the material performance. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Wirtz M, Berger M, Huber A, Kreter A, Linke J, Pintsuk G, Rasinski M, Sergienko G, Unterberg B. Influence of helium induced nanostructures on the thermal shock performance of tungsten. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Akhmetov TD, Davydenko VI, Ivanov AA, Kreter A, Mishagin VV, Savkin VY, Shulzhenko GI, Unterberg B. Note: Arc discharge plasma source with plane segmented LaB6 cathode. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:056106. [PMID: 27250481 DOI: 10.1063/1.4950903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A plane cathode composed of close-packed hexagonal LaB6 (lanthanum hexaboride) segments is described. The 6 cm diameter circular cathode is heated by radiation from a graphite foil flat spiral. The cathode along with a hollow copper anode is used for the arc discharge plasma production in a newly developed linear plasma device. A separately powered coil located around the anode is used to change the magnetic field strength and geometry in the anode region. Different discharge regimes were realized using this coil.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Akhmetov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 11 Lavrentieva Prospect, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V I Davydenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 11 Lavrentieva Prospect, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Ivanov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 11 Lavrentieva Prospect, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A Kreter
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - V V Mishagin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 11 Lavrentieva Prospect, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V Ya Savkin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 11 Lavrentieva Prospect, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - G I Shulzhenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 11 Lavrentieva Prospect, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - B Unterberg
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung-Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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