1
|
Yin JH, Sexton B, Jukier T, Yanke AB, Holland M, Miller AD, Stranahan L, Hoffmann AR, Sandey M. Case report: Intraneural perineurioma in dogs: a case series and brief literature review. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1233230. [PMID: 38274660 PMCID: PMC10808598 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1233230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Intraneural perineurioma is an exceptionally rare neoplasm in animals. This case study comprises a series of three cases and a brief literature review focusing on canine intraneural perineurioma. The pathological and immunohistochemical findings are documented, revealing that canine intraneural perineurioma frequently affects adult dogs aged between 3 and 10 years old, with a male predominance. Clinical signs associated with intraneural perineurioma in dogs include spinal pain, lameness, and paresis, resulting from the involvement of spinal nerve roots of the pelvic limbs, brachial plexus, or distal part of the median nerve. Most neoplasms had characteristic pseudo-onion bulb patterns on histopathology. Neoplastic perineurial cells, in most cases, expressed laminin and claudin-1, and NF200 consistently highlighted the central axon. While the immunohistochemical (IHC) profile of intraneural perineurioma in veterinary medicine remains incompletely characterized, the available IHC data from all reported cases suggest that a combination of laminin and claudin-1 immunomarkers, along with distinctive histological features, can assist in establishing a definitive diagnosis of intraneural perineurioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hang Yin
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Brittani Sexton
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Tom Jukier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Amy B. Yanke
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Merrilee Holland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Lauren Stranahan
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sisó S, Marco-Salazar P, Roccabianca P, Avallone G, Higgins RJ, Affolter VK. Nerve Fiber Immunohistochemical Panel Discriminates between Nerve Sheath and Perivascular Wall Tumors. Vet Sci 2022; 10:vetsci10010001. [PMID: 36669002 PMCID: PMC9863579 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign and malignant nerve sheath tumors (NST) pose a major challenge in routine diagnostic anatomic pathology because of shared histomorphological features with other soft-tissue tumors (STT). As a result, NST are often diagnosed as STT, a broad category that encompasses various entities including perivascular wall tumors (PWT) and that represents approximately 15% of all skin tumors in dogs. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) can assist the identification of histologic subtypes of STT. This IHC pilot study applies various markers largely expressed by peripheral nerves to twelve benign and six malignant NST and determines the intratumoral protein expression of laminin, periaxin-1, Sox-10 and S-100 in the NST subtypes. Furthermore, this study assesses the usefulness of peripheral nerve markers applied to diagnostic work cases and demonstrates the relevance of laminin expression patterns, periaxin-1 and Sox-10 in assisting the differentiation of NST from other STT, in particular from PWT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Sisó
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Pathology, Immunology Discovery, AbbVie, 100 Research Dr, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Marco-Salazar
- Department of Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Robert J. Higgins
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Verena K. Affolter
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tekavec K, Švara T, Knific T, Gombač M, Cantile C. Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Canine Nerve Sheath Tumors and Proposal for an Updated Classification. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9050204. [PMID: 35622732 PMCID: PMC9144584 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9050204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve sheath tumors are a group of tumors originating from Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and perineurial cells. In veterinary pathology, the terminology for nerve sheath tumors remains inconsistent, and many pathologists follow the human classification of such tumors in practice. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in the diagnosis of nerve sheath tumors, but specific immunohistochemical and molecular biomarkers are lacking. In our study, we histopathologically reevaluated 79 canine nerve sheath tumors and assessed their reactivity for the immunohistochemical markers Sox10, claudin-1, GFAP, CNPase, and Ki-67. Based on the results, we classified the tumors according to the most recent human classification. Twelve cases were diagnosed as benign nerve sheath tumors, including six neurofibromas, three nerve sheath myxomas, two hybrid nerve sheath tumors (perineurioma/neurofibroma and perineurioma/schwannoma), and one schwannoma. Sixty-seven tumors were malignant nerve sheath tumors, including fifty-six conventional, four perineural, one epithelioid malignant nerve sheath tumor, and six malignant nerve sheath tumors with divergent differentiation. We believe that with the application of the proposed panel, an updated classification of canine nerve sheath tumors could largely follow the recent human WHO classification of tumors of the cranial and paraspinal nerves, but prospective studies would be needed to assess its prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Tekavec
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.Š.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tanja Švara
- Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.Š.); (M.G.)
| | - Tanja Knific
- Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Gombač
- Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.Š.); (M.G.)
| | - Carlo Cantile
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lanigan LG, Russell DS, Woolard KD, Pardo ID, Godfrey V, Jortner BS, Butt MT, Bolon B. Comparative Pathology of the Peripheral Nervous System. Vet Pathol 2020; 58:10-33. [PMID: 33016246 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820959231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) relays messages between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the body. Despite this critical role and widespread distribution, the PNS is often overlooked when investigating disease in diagnostic and experimental pathology. This review highlights key features of neuroanatomy and physiology of the somatic and autonomic PNS, and appropriate PNS sampling and processing techniques. The review considers major classes of PNS lesions including neuronopathy, axonopathy, and myelinopathy, and major categories of PNS disease including toxic, metabolic, and paraneoplastic neuropathies; infectious and inflammatory diseases; and neoplasms. This review describes a broad range of common PNS lesions and their diagnostic criteria and provides many useful references for pathologists who perform PNS evaluations as a regular or occasional task in their comparative pathology practice.
Collapse
|
5
|
Facial Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Abdominal Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour with Rhabdomyoblastic Differentiation in a Rough-toothed Dolphin (Steno bredanensis). J Comp Pathol 2020; 176:122-127. [PMID: 32359624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the pathological features of a facial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and an abdominal peripheral nerve sheath tumour (PNST) with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in an aged free-ranging rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis). The animal was found stranded dead in poor body condition. On external examination, there was a 25 × 7 × 3 cm extensively ulcerated area on the right maxillary region of the rostrum, involving the oral mucocutaneous junction with prominent nodular edges, severe soft tissue loss and extensive maxillary and premaxillary bone lysis. On abdominal dissection, a 5 × 4 × 3.5 cm pale tan to red, raised mass expanded the inner aspect of the right transverse abdominis muscle. Microscopically, the aggressive facial lesion was an acantholytic SCC with extensive osteolysis; there was no evidence of metastasis in the tissues examined. The abdominal mass had cytohistomorphological features compatible with a localized PNST, including whorling, Antoni A and Antoni B areas and Verocay bodies intermixed with rhabdomyoblastic components, as suggested by phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain. This neoplasm was locally infiltrative, yet no metastases were observed in the tissues examined. No immunohistochemical investigations could be performed due to lack of tissue availability. Total DNA from the formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded SCC was extracted and tested by polymerase chain reaction for herpesvirus and papillomavirus genetic material. There was no amplification for either of these genera. Other pathological findings observed in this animal were related to the 'live-stranding stress response'. The severity and extent of the facial SCC likely related to anorexia and poor body condition and might have played a role in the stranding and death of this dolphin. These two tumour subtypes add to the relatively uncommon reports of neoplasia in cetaceans. Specifically, these appear to be the first neoplasia records for rough-toothed dolphins, including the first documentation of a PNST with features compatible with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in a marine mammal.
Collapse
|
6
|
Avallone G, Stefanello D, Ferrari R, Roccabianca P. The controversial histologic classification of canine subcutaneous whorling tumours: The path to perivascular wall tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:3-8. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medical sciences (DIMEVET)University of Bologna Ozzano dell'Emilia Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Medicina VeterinariaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Medicina VeterinariaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Dipartimento di Medicina VeterinariaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stilwell JM, Rissi DR. Pathology and immunohistochemistry of a malignant nerve sheath tumor in a pig: case report and brief review of the literature. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 31:122-127. [PMID: 30565512 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718820949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 7-y-old sow with a large mass in the right upper thoracic limb was submitted for autopsy. Grossly, the mass encompassed the right humerus, elbow, and proximal radius and ulna. On cut surface, the mass was solid, lobulated, pale tan, and firm, with multifocal areas of necrosis and mineralization; it replaced the brachial musculature, invading and causing extensive humeral and ulnar osteolysis. The periosteum was roughened and irregular, and there was minor invasion into the elbow joint. Histologically, the mass was composed of densely cellular interweaving streams and bundles of pleomorphic spindle cells embedded in a scant fibrovascular stroma. There was moderate-to-strong, diffuse cytoplasmic or membranous immunoreactivity to claudin-1, laminin, and vimentin; weak-to-moderate, multifocal cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity to S100 and Sox-10, respectively, and weak cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase. No neoplastic immunolabeling was detected with CD204, CD18, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, melan A, neurofilament, nerve growth factor receptor, smooth muscle actin, or muscle pan-actin. A specific immunomarker for definitive diagnosis of a malignant nerve sheath tumor (MNST) and its differentiation from other nerve tumors or other spindle cell tumors is still lacking in veterinary medicine, and case-by-case or interspecies differences in immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression can occur even when applying a broad diagnostic IHC panel. However, the gross, histologic, and IHC features in our case were consistent with a MNST, an exceedingly rare neoplasm of pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Stilwell
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Daniel R Rissi
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Basa RM, Crowley AM, Johnson KA. Neurofibroma of the ulnar nerve in the carpal canal in a dog: treatment by marginal neurectomy. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 61:512-515. [PMID: 30338846 PMCID: PMC7496079 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve sheath tumours arising in the plexus or peripheral nerves can be treated by limb amputation. There are few reports of these tumours affecting peripheral nerves in the distal regions of the limbs. Here we describe a case of neurofibroma affecting the palmar branch of the ulnar nerve in an Irish setter. Surgical treatment in the region of the carpus by ulnar neurectomy resulted in resolution of chronic thoracic limb lameness. At 11 months following the surgery, clinical examination and MRI did not detect any evidence of recurrence. Neurectomy may be a feasible option for management of selected cases of distally located peripheral nerve sheath tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Basa
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - A M Crowley
- Anapath, PO Box 504, Newport, New South Wales, 2106, Australia
| | - K A Johnson
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stoll AL, Suárez-Bonnet A, Summers BA, Priestnall SL. Malignant Cutaneous Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour with Rhabdomyosarcomatous Differentiation (Triton Tumour) in a Domestic Cat. J Comp Pathol 2018; 165:1-5. [PMID: 30502790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Divergent differentiation is encountered frequently within human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs). The new component is often a rhabdomyosarcoma, but in animals this specific form of divergent differentiation within MPNSTs has only been reported once (in a dog). Incisional wedge biopsy of a locally extensive, ventral abdominal wall mass, which extended from the dermis to the subcutis, from a 12-year-old female domestic shorthaired cat, was performed. The tissue was examined with routine haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical methods. A malignant neoplasm with spindle and polygonal cell components and progression towards a rhabdomyosarcomatous phenotype was observed. Both neoplastic cell populations exhibited strong expression of vimentin and there was multifocal expression of S100 and desmin. There was strong cytoplasmic labelling for α-sarcomeric actin and muscle actin and weak labelling for myoglobin within the cells positive for desmin. There was multifocal positive nuclear labelling for myogenin. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, α-smooth muscle actin, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and melanoma antigen recognized by T cells were not expressed. Microscopical features, aided by immunohistochemistry, identified a MPNST with progression towards a rhabdomyosarcomatous phenotype, a so-called 'triton tumour'. A Schwann cell component could account for the divergent patterns of growth, given the plasticity of the neural crest. Nerve sheath tumours have been reported in the skin and subcutis of cats and are a differential diagnosis of feline cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Stoll
- Veterinary Pathology Centre, Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - A Suárez-Bonnet
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - B A Summers
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - S L Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mandara MT, Fabriani E, Pavone S, Pumarola M. Feline cutaneous nerve sheath tumours: histological features and immunohistochemical evaluations. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:548-55. [PMID: 23659741 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Feline cutaneous nerve sheath tumours (CNSTs) are uncommonly reported in the skin, since they are underestimated relative to the more common spindle cell tumours of soft tissue. In this study, 26 nerve sheath tumours selected from 337 skin neoplasms of cats were examined. Histologically, they were classified into malignant (MPNSTs) and benign tumours (BPNSTs) based on degree of cellular atypia and polymorphism as well as mitotic rate and diffuse necrosis. CPNSTs were tipically characterised by Antoni A pattern, in some cases associated with Antoni B pattern. In the malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) the polymorphism was marked, while it was mild to moderate in the benign forms (BPNSTs). In the MPNSTs the mitotic activity was generally higher than in the BPNSTs. In five cases, including three MPNSTs and two BPNSTs, there were multinucleated giant cells. Necrotic foci occurred in a BPNST and in two MPNSTs, while osseous/chondroid metaplasia was found in two cases. Immunohistochemically, all the tumours showed a marked diffuse vimentin expression. S-100 protein was expressed in 17 cases, including 81.8% of BPNSTs and 57.14% of MPNSTs. Twenty-five tumours expressed NSE and twenty-four cases showed immunoreaction for laminin. Thirteen tumours were positive for GFAP, while five tumours were positive for SMA. PGP 9.5 expression was detected in all cases, except for two MPNSTs. NGFR was expressed in eleven cases, including four MPNSTs and seven BPNSTs. Ki67 was expressed in twenty tumours without any relationship with morphologic malignancy of the neoplasm. In this case series we confirmed neoplastic spindloid cells with wavy cytoplasm arranged in compact areas, with occasional nuclear palisading or whirls, and interchanged with loosely arranged areas, as the morphological features supporting a diagnosis of CPNST. A constant concurrent expression of vimentin, NSE, and laminin might confirm the diagnosis of PNST in the absence of clear S-100 protein positivity, especially in the malignant forms. In this study, conclusive data were not obtained on the diagnostic relevance of NGFR- and PGP 9.5-expression in feline CPNSTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Mandara
- Department of Biopathological Science and Hygiene of Animal and Food Productions, University of Perugia, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ródenas S, Summers BA, Saveraid T, Denning A, Marioni-Henry K. Chronic Hypertrophic Ganglioneuritis Mimicking Spinal Nerve Neoplasia: Clinical, Imaging, Pathologic Findings, and Outcome after Surgical Treatment. Vet Surg 2012; 42:91-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2012.01045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
12
|
Cornelis I, Chiers K, Maes S, Kramer M, Ducatelle R, De Decker S, Van Ham L. Claudin-1 and Glucose Transporter 1 Immunolabelling in a Canine Intraneural Perineurioma. J Comp Pathol 2012; 147:186-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
13
|
Ochi A, Ochiai K, Nakamura S, Kobara A, Sunden Y, Umemura T. Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of an Avian Leukosis Virus Isolated from Avian Neurofibrosarcoma. Avian Dis 2012; 56:35-43. [DOI: 10.1637/9830-060711-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
14
|
Schöniger S, Valentine BA, Fernandez CJ, Summers BA. Cutaneous Schwannomas in 22 Horses. Vet Pathol 2010; 48:433-42. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985810377072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Schwannomas are uncommonly recognized in horses. This study describes cutaneous schwannomas in 22 horses aged 8 to 25 years: 12 male, 7 female, and 3 of unknown sex. The horses had solitary cutaneous masses: 9 on the head, 3 on the neck, and the others on the shoulder, hip, thorax, abdomen, rump, extremities, or tail. The location of 1 tumor was unknown. The dermal tumors were well demarcated and expansile. Twelve had a multinodular pattern, whereas 10 formed a single nodule. Antoni A areas were observed in all tumors, and 10 tumors contained Antoni B areas. In Antoni A areas, the densely packed spindle-shaped neoplastic cells were arranged in short fascicles with nuclear palisading. In the hypocellular Antoni B areas, neoplastic cells were separated by abundant myxomatous stroma. Tumors commonly had hyalinization of stroma and vessel walls and ancient change. Cellular vacuolation was observed in 18 tumors. In all 22 cases, neoplastic cells were immunopositive for S100 protein. Expression of laminin and glial fibrillary acidic protein was observed in all 6 tumors evaluated by immunohistochemistry for these markers. One tumor was examined ultrastructurally: Neoplastic cells had branched cytoplasmic processes and were surrounded by an external lamina. Follow-up information was available 8 months to 10 years postexcision for 9 horses, for which surgical excision of the tumor was curative. The equine cutaneous schwannomas in this study had microscopic features like those of human schwannoma and had benign clinical behavior. Correct classification of equine cutaneous schwannoma will facilitate accurate prognosis and appropriate treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Schöniger
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Disease, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - B. A. Valentine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Current address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - C. J. Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Current address: Animal and Plant Health Laboratories Division, Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority, Animal and Plant Health Center, Republic of Singapore
| | - B. A. Summers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Current address: Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ochi A, Ochiai K, Hatai H, Umemura T. Naturally Occurring Multiple Perineuriomas in a Chicken (Gallus domesticus). Vet Pathol 2008; 45:685-9. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-5-685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year-old, male Japanese native fowl ( Gallus gallus domesticus) was presented with an inability to feed and torticollis. At a necropsy, there were cylindrical enlargements and yellow discoloration of multiple peripheral nerves, including nerves of the lumbosacral plexus, brachial plexus, and spinal ganglia. On histologic examination, these lesions consisted of diffuse proliferations of spindle cells with characteristic onion bulb-like structures around residual axons. The spindle cells were immunohistochemically positive for glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and negative for S-100 α/β proteins. On the basis of microscopic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings, the tumors were diagnosed as multiple perineuriomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ochi
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K. Ochiai
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H. Hatai
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T. Umemura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Canine Cutaneous Spindle Cell Tumours with Features of Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumours: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study. J Comp Pathol 2008; 139:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
17
|
Sturgeon BPR, Milne EM, Smith KC. Benign Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Perianal Region in a Young Pony. J Vet Diagn Invest 2008; 20:93-6. [DOI: 10.1177/104063870802000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 20 × 10 cm, lobulated mass was present in the perianal region of a 4-year-old Dales pony. Histopathology revealed an unencapsulated, loose arrangement of sheets and whorls of narrow mesenchymal cells, situated in the deep dermis. Intervening areas had a myxomatous appearance. The whorls were often arranged around a central structure resembling an axon or a vascular structure. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the elongated mesenchymal cells and central axon-like structures expressed vimentin, S-100, and neuron-specific enolase, but not pancytokeratin, glial fibrillary acid protein, and the neurofilament markers. NR4 and 2F11. On the basis of the histopathology and immunohistochemistry, a diagnosis of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor (schwannoma type) was made. This case was unusual in that the concentric laminations of Schwann cells were very loosely arranged, with an intervening myxomatous stroma (Antoni type B appearance) and despite its benign histological appearance, the mass extended deeply to the proximal sacral vertebrae. Its exact origin was unclear; it may have arisen from cutaneous nerves with deep extension or from neural structures in the sacral region. Due to the incomplete surgical removal, regrowth of the mass occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elspeth M. Milne
- Veterinary Pathology Unit. Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian. United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth C. Smith
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vashisht K, Rock RW, Summers BA. Multiple masses in a horse's tongue resulting from an atypical perineurial cell proliferative disorder. Vet Pathol 2007; 44:398-402. [PMID: 17491087 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-3-398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 5-year-old National Show horse mare presented with a soft mass on the left dorsolateral aspect of the tongue. Over the next 2 years, the mare developed numerous, similar, coalescing masses that extended along the left dorsolateral aspect to the tip of the tongue. Microscopically, the bases for these masses were slender, fusiform, mesenchymal cells that formed compact whorls around myelinated and unmyelinated nerves. These cells were labeled by antibodies directed against vimentin but not by S-100. Ultrastructurally, multiple, concentrically arranged, long, slender cell processes, with discontinuous external laminae and many pinocytotic vesicles, helped to accurately phenotype the proliferative element. Whether this unusual perineurial cell proliferative disorder is neoplastic or not remained a matter of conjecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Vashisht
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|