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Ma S, Li Y, Peng Y, Wang W. Toward commercial applications of LED and laser-induced fluorescence techniques for food identity, quality, and safety monitoring: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3620-3646. [PMID: 37458292 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of food safety and quality is a matter of paramount importance, especially considering the challenges posed by climate change. Convenient, eco-friendly, and non-destructive techniques have attracted extensive attention in the food industry because they can retain food safety and quality. Fluorescence radiation, the process by which fluorophore emits light upon the absorption of ultraviolet or visible light, offers the advantages of high sensitivity and selectivity. The use of excitation-emission matrix (EEM) has been extensively explored in the food industry, but on-site detection of EEMs remain a challenge. To address this limitation, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and light emitting diode-induced fluorescence (LED-IF) have been implemented in many cases to facilitate the transition of fluorescence measurements from the laboratory to commercial applications. This review provides an overview of the application of commercially available LIF/LED-IF devices for non-destructive food measurement and recent studies that focus on the development of LIF/LED-IF devices for commercial applications. These studies were categorized into two stages: the preliminary exploration stage, which emphasizes the selection of an appropriate excitation wavelength based on the combination of EEM and chemometrics, and the pre-application stage, where experiments were conducted on scouting with specific excitation wavelength. Although commercially available devices have emerged in many research fields, only a limited number have been reported for use in the food industry. Future studies should focus on enhancing the diversity of test samples and parameters that can be measured by a single device, exploring the application of LIF techniques for detecting low-concentration substances in food, investigating more quantitative approaches, and developing embedded computing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojin Ma
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yankun Peng
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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2
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Srata L, Farres S, Chikri M, Addou S, Fethi F. Detection of the Adulteration of Motor Oil by Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Chemometric Techniques. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:713-720. [PMID: 36504275 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Petroleum products are the target of fraudulent practices due to their high commercial value. The aim of this study is to provide a new analysis system to assess motor oil adulteration. For this purpose, Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy was exploited coupled with chemometric tools to detect motor oil adulteration by three types of cheap motor oils. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was able to distinguish samples in three groups according to the type of adulterant. Besides, Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) was exploited to determine the percentage of adulteration. The best model was obtained with a regression coefficient of 0.96, Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) of 2.83, Standard Error of Prediction (SEP) of 2.83 and Bias of 0.40. The main results of this work provide new analysis system using the combination of LIF spectroscopy combined to PCA and PLS as an efficient and fast method for motor oil analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Srata
- Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations (LPMR), Physics Department, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sofia Farres
- Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations (LPMR), Physics Department, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mounim Chikri
- Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations (LPMR), Physics Department, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sihame Addou
- Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations (LPMR), Physics Department, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Fouad Fethi
- Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations (LPMR), Physics Department, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
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3
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Wei K, Chen B, Li Z, Chen D, Liu G, Lin H, Zhang B. Classification of Tea Leaves Based on Fluorescence Imaging and Convolutional Neural Networks. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7764. [PMID: 36298114 PMCID: PMC9609479 DOI: 10.3390/s22207764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of the smartphone and computer vision technique provides customers with a convenient approach to identify tea species, as well as qualities. However, the prediction model may not behave robustly due to changes in illumination conditions. Fluorescence imaging can induce the fluorescence signal from typical components, and thus may improve the prediction accuracy. In this paper, a tea classification method based on fluorescence imaging and convolutional neural networks (CNN) is proposed. Ultra-violet (UV) LEDs with a central wavelength of 370 nm were utilized to induce the fluorescence of tea samples so that the fluorescence images could be captured. Five kinds of tea were included and pre-processed. Two CNN-based classification models, e.g., the VGG16 and ResNet-34, were utilized for model training. Images captured under the conventional fluorescent lamp were also tested for comparison. The results show that the accuracy of the classification model based on fluorescence images is better than those based on the white-light illumination images, and the performance of the VGG16 model is better than the ResNet-34 model in our case. The classification accuracy of fluorescence images reached 97.5%, which proves that the LED-induced fluorescence imaging technique is promising to use in our daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihua Wei
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Digital Economy Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bojian Chen
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zejian Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Design and Intelligence and Digital Creativity, College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Digital Economy Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Digital Economy Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hongze Lin
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Digital Economy Research Institute, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Baihua Zhang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou Polytechnic, Wenzhou 325000, China
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4
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Quantitative Detection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulteration, as Opposed to Peanut and Soybean Oil, Employing LED-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031227. [PMID: 35161972 PMCID: PMC8840102 DOI: 10.3390/s22031227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
As it is high in value, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is frequently blended with inferior vegetable oils. This study presents an optical method for determining the adulteration level of EVOO with soybean oil as well as peanut oil using LED-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Eight LEDs with central wavelengths from ultra-violet (UV) to blue are tested to induce the fluorescence spectra of EVOO, peanut oil, and soybean oil, and the UV LED of 372 nm is selected for further detection. Samples are prepared by mixing olive oil with different volume fractions of peanut or soybean oil, and their fluorescence spectra are collected. Different pre-processing and regression methods are utilized to build the prediction model, and good linearity is obtained between the predicted and actual adulteration concentration. This result, accompanied by the non-destruction and no pre-treatment characteristics, proves that it is feasible to use LED-induced fluorescence spectroscopy as a way to investigate the EVOO adulteration level, and paves the way for building a hand-hold device that can be applied to real market conditions in the future.
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Lin X, Zhang H, Hu L, Zhao G, Svanberg S, Svanberg K. Ripening of avocado fruits studied by spectroscopic techniques. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000076. [PMID: 32306512 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Avocados are considered very healthy due to the high content mono-unsaturated lipid, essential vitamins and minerals, minimal sugar and no cholesterol and are therefore sometimes referred to as "the perfect fruits". Avocados, mainly grown in Latin-America, are harvested unripe and sent overseas. However, the ripening process is very difficult to assess visually and tactilely. A tool for precise noninvasive judgment of the status would be valuable as the fruit is too expensive to be cut open unripe or overdue. A white-light source and a light-emitting diode unit with four excitation wavelengths (365, 385, 395, and 405 nm) were used for reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy in a fiber-coupled set-up for noninvasive monitoring. Twelve non-ripe avocados, with approximately the same size and appearance, were studied and divided into three groups and kept at three different storage conditions; at room temperature, in a refrigerator and a combination of the two. We showed that fluorescence was useful for following the ripening process. A method, which compensates for the spatial variations in spectral properties around a fruit, is described. Remote fluorescence monitoring, intended for orchard use, was also demonstrated. A low-cost device based on fluorescence for avocado ripeness assessment is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Lin
- Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingna Hu
- Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sune Svanberg
- Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Lund Laser Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katarina Svanberg
- Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Lund Laser Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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6
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Lin H, Zhang Y, Mei L. Fluorescence Scheimpflug LiDAR developed for the three-dimension profiling of plants. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:9269-9279. [PMID: 32225537 DOI: 10.1364/oe.389043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a novel fluorescence Scheimpflug LiDAR (SLiDAR) technique based on the Scheimpflug principle for three-dimension (3D) plant profile measurements. A 405 nm laser diode was employed as the excitation light source to generate a light sheet. Both the elastic and inelastic/fluorescence signals from a target object (e.g., plants) can be simultaneously measured by the fluorescence SLiDAR system employing a color image sensor with blue, green and red detection channels. The 3D profile can be obtained from the elastic signal recorded by blue pixels through elevation scanning measurements, while the fluorescence intensity of the target object is mainly acquired by red and green pixels. The normalized fluorescence intensity of the red channel, related to the chlorophyll distribution of the plant, can be utilized for the classification of leaves, branches and trunks. The promising results demonstrated in this work have shown a great potential of employing the fluorescence SLiDAR technique for 3D fluorescence profiling of plants in agriculture and forestry applications.
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Lin H, Li Z, Lu H, Sun S, Chen F, Wei K, Ming D. Robust Classification of Tea Based on Multi-Channel LED-Induced Fluorescence and a Convolutional Neural Network. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19214687. [PMID: 31661932 PMCID: PMC6864678 DOI: 10.3390/s19214687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A multi-channel light emitting diode (LED)-induced fluorescence system combined with a convolutional neural network (CNN) analytical method was proposed to classify the varieties of tea leaves. The fluorescence system was developed employing seven LEDs with spectra ranging from ultra-violet (UV) to blue as excitation light sources. The LEDs were lit up sequentially to induce a respective fluorescence spectrum, and their ability to excite fluorescence from components in tea leaves were investigated. All the spectral data were merged together to form a two-dimensional matrix and processed by a CNN model, which is famous for its strong ability in pattern recognition. Principal component analysis combined with k-nearest-neighbor classification was also employed as a baseline for comparison. Six grades of green tea, two types of black tea and one kind of white tea were verified. The result proved a significant improvement in accuracy and showed that the proposed system and methodology provides a fast, compact and robust approach for tea classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Lin
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zejian Li
- Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Institute of Frontier Technologies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Design and Intelligence and Digital Creativity, College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Huajin Lu
- Southern Zhejiang key Laboratory of Crop Breeding, Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, China.
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Wenzhou Specialty Station, Wenzhou 325006, China.
| | - Fengnong Chen
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Kaihua Wei
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Dazhou Ming
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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8
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Li Y, Sun J, Wu X, Lu B, Wu M, Dai C. Grade Identification of Tieguanyin Tea Using Fluorescence Hyperspectra and Different Statistical Algorithms. J Food Sci 2019; 84:2234-2241. [PMID: 31313313 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to rapidly and nondestructively identify tea grades, fluorescence hyperspectral imaging (FHSI) technology was proposed in this paper. A total of 309 Tieguanyin tea samples with three different grades were collected and the fluorescence hyperspectral data was acquired by hyperspectrometer (400 to 1000 nm). The characteristic wavelengths were respectively selected by Bootstrapping Soft Shrinkage (BOSS), Variable Iterative Space Shrinkage Approach (VISSA) and Model Adaptive Space Shrinkage (MASS) algorithms. Then, Support Vector Machine (SVM) was applied to establishing the relationship between the characteristic peaks, the full spectra, three characteristic spectra and the labels of tea grades. The results showed that VISSA-SVM model had the best classification performance, but the model precision can still be improved. Thus, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm was introduced to optimize the parameters of SVM model. The accuracy and Kappa coefficient of test set of VISSA-ABC-SVM model were improved to 97.436% and 0.962, respectively. Therefore, the combination of fluorescence hyperspectra with VISSA-ABC-SVM model can accurately identify the grade of Tieguanyin tea. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The rapid and accurate nondestructive tea grade identification method contributes to the construction of the tea online grade detection system. FHSI technology can solve the shortcomings of the reported methods and improved the identification accuracy of tea grades. It can be applied to the rapid detection of tea quality by tea companies, tea market, tea farmers and other demanders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Li
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu Univ., Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jun Sun
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu Univ., Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu Univ., Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bing Lu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu Univ., Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Minmin Wu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu Univ., Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Chunxia Dai
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu Univ., Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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9
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Dankowska A, Kowalewski W. Tea types classification with data fusion of UV-Vis, synchronous fluorescence and NIR spectroscopies and chemometric analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 211:195-202. [PMID: 30544010 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The potential of selected spectroscopic methods - UV-Vis, synchronous fluorescence and NIR as well a data fusion of the measurements by these methods - for the classification of tea samples with respect to the production process was examined. Four classification methods - Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA), Regularized Discriminant Analysis (RDA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) - were used to analyze spectroscopic data. PCA analysis was applied prior to classification methods to reduce multidimensionality of the data. Classification error rates were used to evaluate the performance of these methods in the classification of tea samples. The results indicate that black, green, white, yellow, dark, and oolong teas, which are produced by different methods, are characterized by different UV-Vis, fluorescence, and NIR spectra. The lowest error rates in the calibration and validation data sets for individual spectroscopies and data fusion models were obtained with the use of the QDA and SVM methods, and did not exceed 3.3% and 0.0%, respectively. The lowest classification error rates in the validation data sets for individual spectroscopies were obtained with the use of RDA (12,8%), SVM (6,7%), and QDA (2,7%), for the UV-Vis, SF, and NIR spectroscopies, respectively. NIR spectroscopy combined with QDA outperformed other individual spectroscopic methods. Very low classification errors in the validation data sets - below 3% - were obtained for all the data fusion data sets (SF + UV-Vis, SF + NIR, NIR + UV-Vis combined with the SVM method). The results show that UV-Vis, fluorescence and near infrared spectroscopies may complement each other, giving lower errors for the classification of tea types.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dankowska
- Department of Food Commodity Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland.
| | - W Kowalewski
- Department of Geoinformation, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dzięgielowa 27, Poznań, Poland
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Duan Z, Peng T, Zhu S, Lian M, Li Y, Wei F, Xiong J, Svanberg S, Zhao Q, Hu J, Zhao G. Optical characterization of Chinese hybrid rice using laser-induced fluorescence techniques-laboratory and remote-sensing measurements. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:3481-3487. [PMID: 29726517 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.003481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chinese hybrid rice of different varieties, growing in paddies in the Pingqiao district, north of Xinyang city, Henan province, China, was studied in detailed spectroscopic characteristics using laser-induced fluorescence. The base for the studies was the new South China Normal University mobile lidar laboratory, which was dispatched on site, providing facilities both for laboratory studies using a 405 nm excitation source as well as remote sensing measurements at ranges from around 40 m-120 m, mostly employing the 532 nm output from a Nd:YAG laser. We, in particular, studied the spectral influence of the species varieties as well as the level of nitrogen fertilization supplied. Specially developed contrast functions as well as multivariate techniques with principal components and Fisher's discriminate analyses were applied, and useful characterization of the rice could be achieved. The chlorophyll content mapping of the 30 zones was obtained with the remote sensing measurements.
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11
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Gao F, Li J, Lin H, He S. Oil pollution discrimination by an inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:25515-25522. [PMID: 29041218 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.025515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar system is developed for range-resolved oil pollution detection and discrimination. A theory of system parametric design is built for aquatic circumstances, and laser-induced fluorescence spectra with an excitation wavelength of 446 nm are employed to detect oil pollution. Seven kinds of typical oil samples are tested and well distinguished using the principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods. It has been shown that blue laser diodes (LD) have great potential for oil pollution detection, and our system could be further utilized for more applications in both marine and terrestrial environments.
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12
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Meng W, Xu X, Cheng KK, Xu J, Shen G, Wu Z, Dong J. Geographical Origin Discrimination of Oolong Tea (TieGuanYin, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Using Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Brydegaard M, Merdasa A, Gebru A, Jayaweera H, Svanberg S. Realistic Instrumentation Platform for Active and Passive Optical Remote Sensing. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 70:372-385. [PMID: 26772187 DOI: 10.1177/0003702815620564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe the development of a novel versatile optical platform for active and passive remote sensing of environmental parameters. Applications include assessment of vegetation status and water quality. The system is also adapted for ecological studies, such as identification of flying insects including agricultural pests. The system is based on two mid-size amateur astronomy telescopes, continuous-wave diode lasers at different wavelengths ranging from violet to the near infrared, and detector facilities including quadrant photodiodes, two-dimensional and line scan charge-coupled device cameras, and a compact digital spectrometer. Application examples include remote Ramanlaser-induced fluorescence monitoring of water quality at 120 m distance, and insect identification at kilometer ranges using the recorded wing beat frequency and its spectrum of overtones. Because of the low cost this developmental platform is very suitable for advanced research projects in developing countries and has, in fact, been multiplied during hands-on workshops and is now being used by a number of groups at African universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Brydegaard
- Lund Laser Center, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Laser Research Institute, Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa Center for Animal Movement Research, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aboma Merdasa
- Lund Laser Center, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alem Gebru
- Lund Laser Center, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Laser Research Institute, Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Hiran Jayaweera
- Lund Laser Center, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Physics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Sune Svanberg
- Lund Laser Center, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Center of Optical and Electromagnetic Research, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Mu T, Chen S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Guo P, Meng F. Classification of Motor Oil Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence and Phosphorescence. ANAL LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1086777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Diniz PHGD, Pistonesi MF, Alvarez MB, Band BSF, de Araújo MCU. Simplified tea classification based on a reduced chemical composition profile via successive projections algorithm linear discriminant analysis (SPA-LDA). J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Dong Y, Liu X, Mei L, Feng C, Yan C, He S. LED-induced fluorescence system for tea classification and quality assessment. J FOOD ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Simultaneous Classification of Teas According to Their Varieties and Geographical Origins by Using NIR Spectroscopy and SPA-LDA. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-9809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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