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Zhong B, Liao Z, Hao X, Hu J, Sun L. A dynamic parallel image acquisition method for slide scanning process. Micron 2023; 175:103536. [PMID: 37703802 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Automated microscope systems have played an important role in the screening of numerous diseases. However, it is a very time-consuming process to continuously acquire images under the high magnification objective lens. This paper proposes a dynamic parallel image acquisition method, which can greatly improve image acquisition speed. Due to the relative motion between the x-y stage and the camera, some of the captured images have motion blur To this end, we also designed a motor variable speed motion curve to ensure the quality of the collected images. The experimental results show that the traditional image scanning mode needs 47.3 ms to obtain continuous microscopic images, while the dynamic parallel image acquisition method only needs 25.4 ms, which improves the acquisition speed without affecting the clarity of the acquired images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhong
- The College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Zhan Liao
- The College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hao
- The College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- The College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Lining Sun
- The College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
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2
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Tobón-Maya H, Gómez-Ramírez A, Buitrago-Duque C, Garcia-Sucerquia J. Adapting a Blu-ray optical pickup unit as a point source for digital lensless holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:D39-D47. [PMID: 37132768 DOI: 10.1364/ao.474916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of an off-the-shelf Blu-ray optical pickup unit (OPU) into a highly versatile point source for digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) is presented. DLHM performance is mostly determined by the optical properties of the point source of spherical waves used for free-space magnification of the sample's diffraction pattern; in particular, its wavelength and numerical aperture define the achievable resolution, and its distance to the recording medium sets the magnification. Through a set of straightforward modifications, a commercial Blu-ray OPU can be transformed into a DLHM point source with three selectable wavelengths, a numerical aperture of up to 0.85, and integrated micro-displacements in both axial and transversal directions. The functionality of the OPU-based point source is then experimentally validated in the observation of micrometer-sized calibrated samples and biological specimens of common interest, showing the feasibility of obtaining sub-micrometer resolution and offering a versatile option for the development of new cost-effective and portable microscopy devices.
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Sandmeyer A, Wang L, Hübner W, Müller M, Chen BK, Huser T. Cost-effective high-speed, three-dimensional live-cell imaging of HIV-1 transfer at the T cell virological synapse. iScience 2022; 25:105468. [PMID: 36388970 PMCID: PMC9663902 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of cost-effective, highly portable, and easy to use high-resolution live-cell imaging systems could present a significant technological break-through in challenging environments, such as high-level biosafety laboratories or sites where new viral outbreaks are suspected. We describe and demonstrate a cost-effective high-speed fluorescence microscope enabling the live tracking of virus particles across virological synapses that form between infected and uninfected T cells. The dynamics of HIV-1 proteins studied at the cellular level and the formation of virological synapses in living T cells reveals mechanisms by which cell-cell interactions facilitate infection between immune cells. Dual-color 3D fluorescence deconvolution microscopy of HIV-1 particles at frames rates of 100 frames per second allows us to follow the transfer of HIV-1 particles across the T cell virological synapse between living T cells. We also confirm the successful transfer of virus by imaging T cell samples fixed at specific time points during cell-cell virus transfer by super-resolution structured illumination microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Sandmeyer
- Biomolecular Photonics, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lili Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Biomolecular Photonics, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marcel Müller
- Biomolecular Photonics, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Benjamin K. Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Thomas Huser
- Biomolecular Photonics, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Ormachea O, Villazón A, Rodriguez P, Zimic M. A Smartphone-Based Low-Cost Inverted Laser Fluorescence Microscope for Disease Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:960. [PMID: 36354469 PMCID: PMC9688076 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is an important tool for disease diagnosis, often requiring costly optical components, such as fluorescence filter cubes and high-power light sources. Due to its high cost, conventional fluorescence microscopy cannot be fully exploited in low-income settings. Smartphone-based fluorescence microscopy becomes an interesting low-cost alternative, but raises challenges in the optical system. We present the development of a low-cost inverted laser fluorescence microscope that uses a smartphone to visualize the fluorescence image of biological samples. Our fluorescence microscope uses a laser-based simplified optical filter system that provides analog optical filtering capabilities of a fluorescence filter cube. Firstly, we validated our inverted optical filtering by visualizing microbeads labeled with three different fluorescent compounds or fluorophores commonly used for disease diagnosis. Secondly, we validated the disease diagnosis capabilities by comparing the results of our device with those of a commercial fluorescence microscope. We successfully detected and visualized Trypanosoma cruzi parasites, responsible for the Chagas infectious disease and the presence of Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies of the ANCA non-communicable autoimmune disease. The samples were labeled with the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) fluorophore, one of the most commonly used fluorophores for disease diagnosis. Our device provides a 400× magnification and is at least one order of magnitude cheaper than conventional commercial fluorescence microscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ormachea
- Centro de Investigaciones Opticas y Energías (CIOE), Universidad Privada Boliviana (UPB), Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Alex Villazón
- Centro de Investigaciones en Nuevas Tecnologías Informáticas (CINTI), Universidad Privada Boliviana (UPB), Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Patricia Rodriguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBISMED), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simón (UMSS), Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Mirko Zimic
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática, Biología Molecular y Desarrollos Tecnológicos, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima, Peru
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Weng JF, Lu GH, Weng CJ, Lin YH, Liu CF, Vincke R, Ting HC, Chang TT. Microscope autofocus algorithm based on number of image slope variations. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:10285-10306. [PMID: 33820168 DOI: 10.1364/oe.421926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a passive autofocus algorithm applicable to interferometric microscopes. The proposed algorithm uses the number of slope variations in an image mask to locate the focal plane (based on focus-inflection points) and identify the two neighboring planes at which fringes respectively appear and disappear. In experiments involving a Mirau objective lens, the proposed algorithm matched the autofocusing performance of conventional algorithms, and significantly outperformed detection schemes based on zero-order interference fringe in dealing with all kinds of surface blemish, regardless of severity. In experiments, the proposed algorithm also proved highly effective in cases without fringes.
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Optical Design of an LED Lighting Source for Fluorescence Microscopes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9214574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we reveal an LED light source model applied in fluorescence microscopes. This optical model is composed of a confocal total internal reflection lens array system (CTLAS) with a nine-LED array. The CTLAS optical system that we designed consists of a total internal reflection (TIR) lens array and a confocal system. The electrical power of the nine-LED array is 7.9 watts, which is lower than traditional light sources, such as the original 120-watt halogen lamps used in fluorescence microscopes (Zeiss, Axio Imager 2). We have successfully applied the CTLAS system to an Axio Imager 2 fluorescence microscope to observe the vascular bundle organization, modified with Cy3 fluorescence molecules, and have found that in the process of system assembly, the fabrication errors of optical lenses could have a critical effect on the CTLAS system. The results of our experiment show that, in order to achieve the same illuminance as that of the halogen lamp, the displacement error tolerances of the lateral x-axis and the longitudinal z-axis must be controlled within 1.3 mm and 1.7 mm, respectively.
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Tristan-Landin SB, Gonzalez-Suarez AM, Jimenez-Valdes RJ, Garcia-Cordero JL. Facile assembly of an affordable miniature multicolor fluorescence microscope made of 3D-printed parts enables detection of single cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215114. [PMID: 31600202 PMCID: PMC6786622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is one of the workhorses of biomedical research and laboratory diagnosis; however, their cost, size, maintenance, and fragility has prevented their adoption in developing countries or low-resource settings. Although significant advances have decreased their size, cost and accessibility, their designs and assembly remain rather complex. Here, inspired on the simple mechanism from a nut and a bolt, we report the construction of a portable fluorescence microscope that operates in bright-field mode and in three fluorescence channels: UV, green, and red. It is assembled in under 10 min from only six 3D printed parts, basic electronic components, a microcomputer (Raspberry Pi) and a camera, all of which can be readily purchased in most locations or online for US $122. The microcomputer was programmed in Python language to capture time-lapse images and videos. Resolution and illumination conditions of the microscope were characterized, and its performance was compared with a high-end fluorescence microscope in bright-field and fluorescence mode. We demonstrate that our miniature microscope can resolve and track single cells in both modes. The instructions on how to assemble the microscope are shown in a video, and the software to control it and the design files of the 3D-printed parts are freely available online. Our portable microscope is ideal in applications where space is at a premium, such as lab-on-a-chips or space missions, and can find applications in basic and clinical research, diagnostics, telemedicine and in educational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B. Tristan-Landin
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Alan M. Gonzalez-Suarez
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Rocio J. Jimenez-Valdes
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jose L. Garcia-Cordero
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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Sun Q, Zheng W, Lin C, Shen D. A Low-Cost Micro-Volume Nephelometric System for Quantitative Immunoagglutination Assays. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19204359. [PMID: 31600932 PMCID: PMC6832725 DOI: 10.3390/s19204359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunoassays have been widely used in scientific research and clinical diagnosis due to their versatile detection capability and high specificity. Immunoagglutination assays are kinds of immunoassay, which can simply and rapidly measure the concentration of analytes. In this work, we developed a low-cost micro-volume nephelometric system for quantitative immunoagglutination assays. We used off-the-shelf components to build the system, and the total cost of key components is only about 20 US dollars. The total detection volume in our system was as low as 3 µL, which could significantly reduce the reagent cost and required sample volume. We further evaluated the system performance via the immunoagglutination assay to measure the concentration of C-reactive protein, a plasma protein with levels rising in response to inflammation. The results demonstrated that our system could measure the concentration of analytes with relatively high sensitivity and precision within four minutes, and has high potential to be applied for clinical diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Sun
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Edan Instruments, Inc., Shenzhen 518067, China.
| | - Wei Zheng
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Chao Lin
- Edan Instruments, Inc., Shenzhen 518067, China.
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Gordon P, Venancio VP, Mertens-Talcott SU, Coté G. Portable bright-field, fluorescence, and cross-polarized microscope toward point-of-care imaging diagnostics. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-8. [PMID: 31564071 PMCID: PMC6997630 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.9.096502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Emerging technologies are enabling the feasibility of new types of point-of-care diagnostic devices. A portable, multimodal microscopy platform intended for use in remote diagnostic applications is presented. Use of such a system could bring high-quality microscopy to field use for diseases such as malaria, allowing better diagnostic and surveillance information to be gathered. The microscope was designed using off-the-shelf components and a manual filter selection to generate bright-field, fluorescent, and cross-polarized images of samples mounted to microscopy slides. Design parameters for the system are discussed, and characterization is performed using standardized imaging targets, multimodal phantoms, and blood smears simulating those used in malaria diagnosis. The microscope is shown to be able to image below element 9-3 of a 1951 U.S. Air Force target, indicating that the system is capable of resolving features < 775 nm. Morphological indicators of Plasmodium falciparum can be visualized in images from each modality and combined into high-contrast composite images. To optimize parasitic feature contrast across all three imaging modes, several different staining techniques were compared, with results indicating that use of a single nucleic acid binding fluorophore is preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gordon
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Biosensing Laboratory, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Vinicius Paula Venancio
- Texas A&M University, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Station, Texas, United States
| | | | - Gerard Coté
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Biosensing Laboratory, College Station, Texas, United States
- Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, College Station, Texas, United States
- Address all correspondence to Gerard Coté, E-mail:
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A modular, open-source, slide-scanning microscope for diagnostic applications in resource-constrained settings. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194063. [PMID: 29543835 PMCID: PMC5854341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we report the development of a cost-effective, modular, open source, and fully automated slide-scanning microscope, composed entirely of easily available off-the-shelf parts, and capable of bright field and fluorescence modes. The automated X-Y stage is composed of two low-cost micrometer stages coupled to stepper motors operated in open-loop mode. The microscope is composed of a low-cost CMOS sensor and low-cost board lenses placed in a 4f configuration. The system has approximately 1 micron resolution, limited by the f/# of available board lenses. The microscope is compact, measuring just 25×25×30 cm, and has an absolute positioning accuracy of ±1 μm in the X and Y directions. A Z-stage enables autofocusing and imaging over large fields of view even on non-planar samples, and custom software enables automatic determination of sample boundaries and image mosaicking. We demonstrate the utility of our device through imaging of fluorescent- and transmission-dye stained blood and fecal smears containing human and animal parasites, as well as several prepared tissue samples. These results demonstrate image quality comparable to high-end commercial microscopes at a cost of less than US$400 for a bright-field system, with an extra US$100 needed for the fluorescence module.
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Murali S, Adhikari JV, Jagannadh VK, Gorthi SS. Continuous stacking computational approach based automated microscope slide scanner. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:023701. [PMID: 29495809 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective and automated acquisition of whole slide images is a bottleneck for wide-scale deployment of digital pathology. In this article, a computation augmented approach for the development of an automated microscope slide scanner is presented. The realization of a prototype device built using inexpensive off-the-shelf optical components and motors is detailed. The applicability of the developed prototype to clinical diagnostic testing is demonstrated by generating good quality digital images of malaria-infected blood smears. Further, the acquired slide images have been processed to identify and count the number of malaria-infected red blood cells and thereby perform quantitative parasitemia level estimation. The presented prototype would enable cost-effective deployment of slide-based cyto-diagnostic testing in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Murali
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Jayesh Vasudeva Adhikari
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Veerendra Kalyan Jagannadh
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Sai Siva Gorthi
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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Zhang YS, Santiago GTD, Alvarez MM, Schiff SJ, Boyden ES, Khademhosseini A. Expansion Mini-Microscopy: An Enabling Alternative in Point-of-Care Diagnostics. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 1:45-53. [PMID: 29062977 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostics play a significant role in health care. In the developing world and low-resource regions the utility for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics becomes even greater. This need has long been recognized, and diagnostic technology has seen tremendous progress with the development of portable instrumentation such as miniature imagers featuring low complexity and cost. However, such inexpensive devices have not been able to achieve a resolution sufficient for POC detection of pathogens at very small scales, such as single-cell parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. To this end, expansion microscopy (ExM) is a recently developed technique that, by physically expanding preserved biological specimens through a chemical process, enables super-resolution imaging on conventional microscopes and improves imaging resolution of a given microscope without the need to modify the existing microscope hardware. Here we review recent advances in ExM and portable imagers, respectively, and discuss the rational combination of the two technologies, that we term expansion mini-microscopy (ExMM). In ExMM, the physical expansion of a biological sample followed by imaging on a mini-microscope achieves a resolution as high as that attainable by conventional high-end microscopes imaging non-expanded samples, at significant reduction in cost. We believe that this newly developed ExMM technique is likely to find widespread applications in POC diagnostics in resource-limited and remote regions by expanded-scale imaging of biological specimens that are otherwise not resolvable using low-cost imagers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02139, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02139, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey at Monterrey, CP 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Mario Moisés Alvarez
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02139, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey at Monterrey, CP 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Steven J Schiff
- Center for Neural Engineering, Departements of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Neurosurgery, and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Media Lab, MIT, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,McGovern Institute, MIT, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02139, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
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Jagannadh VK, Adhikari JV, Gorthi SS. Automated cell viability assessment using a microfluidics based portable imaging flow analyzer. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:024123. [PMID: 26015835 PMCID: PMC4417016 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a system-level integration of portable microscopy and microfluidics for the realization of optofluidic imaging flow analyzer with a throughput of 450 cells/s. With the use of a cellphone augmented with off-the-shelf optical components and custom designed microfluidics, we demonstrate a portable optofluidic imaging flow analyzer. A multiple microfluidic channel geometry was employed to demonstrate the enhancement of throughput in the context of low frame-rate imaging systems. Using the cell-phone based digital imaging flow analyzer, we have imaged yeast cells present in a suspension. By digitally processing the recorded videos of the flow stream on the cellphone, we demonstrated an automated cell viability assessment of the yeast cell population. In addition, we also demonstrate the suitability of the system for blood cell counting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerendra Kalyan Jagannadh
- Optics and Microfluidics Instrumentation Lab, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Jayesh Vasudeva Adhikari
- Optics and Microfluidics Instrumentation Lab, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sai Siva Gorthi
- Optics and Microfluidics Instrumentation Lab, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
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Gopinath SC, Tang TH, Chen Y, Citartan M, Lakshmipriya T. Bacterial detection: From microscope to smartphone. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 60:332-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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