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Dastrup BS, Miedaner PR, Zhang Z, Nelson KA. Optical-pump-terahertz-probe spectroscopy in high magnetic fields with kHz single-shot detection. Rev Sci Instrum 2024; 95:033005. [PMID: 38470217 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate optical pump-THz probe (OPTP) spectroscopy with a variable external magnetic field (0-9 T), in which the time-dependent THz signal is measured by echelon-based single-shot detection at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The method reduces data acquisition times by more than an order of magnitude compared to conventional electro-optic sampling using a scanning delay stage. The approach illustrates the wide applicability of the single-shot measurement approach to non-equilibrium systems that are studied through OPTP spectroscopy, especially in cases where parameters such as magnetic field strength (B) or other experimental parameters are varied. We demonstrate the capabilities of our measurement by performing cyclotron resonance experiments in bulk silicon, where we observe B-field-dependent carrier relaxation and distinct relaxation rates for different carrier types. We use a pair of economical linear array detectors to measure 500 time points on each shot, offering an equivalent performance to camera-based detection with possibilities for higher repetition rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake S Dastrup
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Peter R Miedaner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Zhuquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Keith A Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
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2
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Hernandez FG, Baydin A, Chaudhary S, Tay F, Katayama I, Takeda J, Nojiri H, Okazaki AK, Rappl PH, Abramof E, Rodriguez-Vega M, Fiete GA, Kono J. Observation of interplay between phonon chirality and electronic band topology. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadj4074. [PMID: 38100589 PMCID: PMC10848715 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The recently demonstrated chiral modes of lattice motion carry angular momentum and therefore directly couple to magnetic fields. Notably, their magnetic moments are predicted to be strongly influenced by electronic contributions. Here, we have studied the magnetic response of transverse optical phonons in a set of Pb1-xSnxTe films, which is a topological crystalline insulator for x > 0.32 and has a ferroelectric transition at an x-dependent critical temperature. Polarization-dependent terahertz magnetospectroscopy measurements revealed Zeeman splittings and diamagnetic shifts, demonstrating a large phonon magnetic moment. Films in the topological phase exhibited phonon magnetic moment values that were larger than those in the topologically trivial samples by two orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the sign of the effective phonon g-factor was opposite in the two phases, a signature of the topological transition according to our model. These results strongly indicate the existence of interplay between the magnetic properties of chiral phonons and the topology of the electronic band structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrey Baydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Swati Chaudhary
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fuyang Tay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Ikufumi Katayama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Anderson K. Okazaki
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP 12201-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo H. O. Rappl
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP 12201-970, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Abramof
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP 12201-970, Brazil
| | - Martin Rodriguez-Vega
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gregory A. Fiete
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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3
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Tamaki R, Suzuki M, Kusaba S, Takeda J, Katayama I. Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy via chirped-pulse up-conversion with dispersion compensation. Opt Express 2023; 31:40142-40150. [PMID: 38041321 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ultrafast transient signals were detected on a single-shot basis using chirped-pulse up-conversion spectroscopy with dispersion compensation. Unlike in the conventional time-encoding technique using chirped pulses, distortion of the ultrafast waveform was reduced by applying dispersion compensation to the chirped probe pulses and using sum-frequency generation with the chirped readout pulses. The method was applied to terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and near-infrared pump-probe spectroscopy, providing ultrafast observations with an improved temporal resolution comparable to the transform-limited pulse durations. Terahertz waveforms, Kerr rotation signals, and phonon-polariton oscillations were measured accurately with no significant waveform distortion, thereby showing the proposed scheme to be promising for single-shot pump-probe spectroscopy in a wide range of spectroscopic applications.
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Ilyakov I, Ponomaryov A, Klopf JM, Pashkin A, Deinert JC, de Oliveira TVAG, Evtushenko P, Helm M, Winnerl S, Kovalev S. Field-resolved THz-pump laser-probe measurements with CEP-unstable THz light sources. Opt Express 2022; 30:42141-42154. [PMID: 36366673 DOI: 10.1364/oe.473743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Radiation sources with a stable carrier-envelope phase (CEP) are highly demanded tools for field-resolved studies of light-matter interaction, providing access both to the amplitude and phase information of dynamical processes. At the same time, many coherent light sources, including those with outstanding power and spectral characteristics lack CEP stability, and so far could not be used for this type of research. In this work, we present a method enabling linear and non-linear phase-resolved terahertz (THz) -pump laser-probe experiments with CEP-unstable THz sources. THz CEP information for each pulse is extracted using a specially designed electro-optical detection scheme. The method correlates the extracted CEP value for each pulse with the THz-induced response in the parallel pump-probe experiment to obtain an absolute phase-resolved response after proper sorting and averaging. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate experimentally field-resolved THz time-domain spectroscopy with sub-cycle temporal resolution using the pulsed radiation of a CEP-unstable infrared free-electron laser (IR-FEL) operating at 13 MHz repetition rate. In spite of the long history of IR-FELs and their unique operational characteristics, no successful realization of CEP-stable operation has been demonstrated yet. Being CEP-unstable, IR-FEL radiation has so far only been used in non-coherent measurements without phase resolution. The technique demonstrated here is robust, operates easily at high-repetition rates and for short THz pulses, and enables common sequential field-resolved time-domain experiments. The implementation of such a technique at IR-FEL user end-stations will facilitate a new class of linear and non-linear experiments for studying coherent light-driven phenomena with increased signal-to-noise ratio.
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Gao FY, Zhang Z, Liu ZJ, Nelson KA. High-speed two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy with echelon-based shot-to-shot balanced detection. Opt Lett 2022; 47:3479-3482. [PMID: 35838708 DOI: 10.1364/ol.462624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
By using a reflective-echelon-based electro-optic sampling technique and a fast detector, we develop a two-dimensional terahertz (THz) spectrometer capable of shot-to-shot balanced readout of THz waveforms at a full 1-kHz repetition rate. To demonstrate the capabilities of this new detection scheme for high-throughput applications, we use gas-phase acetonitrile as a model system to acquire two-dimensional THz rotational spectra. The results show a two-order-of-magnitude speedup in the acquisition of multidimensional THz spectra when compared to conventional delay-scan methods while maintaining accurate retrieval of the nonlinear THz signal. Our report presents a feasible solution for bringing the technique of multidimensional THz spectroscopy into widespread practice.
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Tamaki R, Kasai T, Asai G, Hata D, Kubo H, Takigawa Y, Takeda J, Katayama I. Pulse-to-pulse detection of terahertz radiation emitted from the femtosecond laser ablation process. Opt Express 2022; 30:23622-23630. [PMID: 36225038 DOI: 10.1364/oe.459588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Determining the dynamics of electrons and ions emitted from a target material during laser ablation is crucial for desirable control of laser processing. However, these dynamics are still challenging to understand because of a lack of ubiquitous spectroscopic tools to observe tangled-up dynamics appearing at ultrafast timescales. Here by harnessing highly sensitive single-shot terahertz time-domain spectroscopy using an echelon mirror, we investigate pulse-to-pulse temporal profile of terahertz radiation generated from the material surface. We clearly found that the carrier-envelope phase and the electric field amplitude of the terahertz waveform systematically vary between the pre- and post-ablation depending on the laser fluence and irradiated pulse numbers. Our results provide a stepping-stone towards perception of Coulomb explosion occurring throughout the laser ablation process, which is indispensable for future laser processing applications.
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7
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Baydin A, Hernandez FGG, Rodriguez-Vega M, Okazaki AK, Tay F, Noe GT, Katayama I, Takeda J, Nojiri H, Rappl PHO, Abramof E, Fiete GA, Kono J. Magnetic Control of Soft Chiral Phonons in PbTe. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:075901. [PMID: 35244438 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.075901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PbTe crystals have a soft transverse optical phonon mode in the terahertz frequency range, which is known to efficiently decay into heat-carrying acoustic phonons, resulting in anomalously low thermal conductivity. Here, we studied this phonon via polarization-dependent terahertz spectroscopy. We observed softening of this mode with decreasing temperature, indicative of incipient ferroelectricity, which we explain through a model including strong anharmonicity with a quartic displacement term. In magnetic fields up to 25 T, the phonon mode splits into two modes with opposite handedness, exhibiting circular dichroism. Their frequencies display Zeeman splitting together with an overall diamagnetic shift with increasing magnetic field. Using a group-theoretical approach, we demonstrate that these observations are the result of magnetic field-induced morphic changes in the crystal symmetries through the Lorentz force exerted on the lattice ions. Thus, our Letter reveals a novel process of controlling phonon properties in a soft ionic lattice by a strong magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Baydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Felix G G Hernandez
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Martin Rodriguez-Vega
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Anderson K Okazaki
- Laboratório Associado de Sensores e Materiais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12201-970, Brazil
| | - Fuyang Tay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - G Timothy Noe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Ikufumi Katayama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Paulo H O Rappl
- Laboratório Associado de Sensores e Materiais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12201-970, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Abramof
- Laboratório Associado de Sensores e Materiais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12201-970, Brazil
| | - Gregory A Fiete
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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8
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Abstract
We present a 2D-Raman-terahertz (THz) setup with multichannel (single-shot) THz detection, utilizing two crossed echelons, in order to reduce the acquisition time of typical 2D-Raman-THz experiments from days to a few hours. This speed-up is obtained in combination with a high repetition rate (100 kHz) Yb-based femtosecond laser system and a correspondingly fast array detector. The wavelength of the Yb-laser (1030 nm) is advantageous, since it assures almost perfect phase matching in GaP for THz generation and detection and since the dispersion in the transmissive echelons is minimal. 2D-Raman-THz test measurements on liquid bromoform (CHBr3) are reported. An enhancement of a factor ∼5.8 in signal-to-noise ratio is obtained for single-shot detection when compared to conventional step-scanning measurements in the THz time domain, corresponding to a speed-up of acquisition time of ∼34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Duchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Saurabh Shukla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrey Shalit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Makihara T, Hayashida K, Noe Ii GT, Li X, Marquez Peraca N, Ma X, Jin Z, Ren W, Ma G, Katayama I, Takeda J, Nojiri H, Turchinovich D, Cao S, Bamba M, Kono J. Ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling dominated by antiresonant interactions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3115. [PMID: 34035241 PMCID: PMC8149649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic quantum vacuum phenomena are predicted in cavity quantum electrodynamics systems with ultrastrong light-matter interactions. Their ground states are predicted to be vacuum squeezed states with suppressed quantum fluctuations owing to antiresonant terms in the Hamiltonian. However, such predictions have not been realized because antiresonant interactions are typically negligible compared to resonant interactions in light-matter systems. Here we report an unusual, ultrastrongly coupled matter-matter system of magnons that is analytically described by a unique Hamiltonian in which the relative importance of resonant and antiresonant interactions can be easily tuned and the latter can be made vastly dominant. We found a regime where vacuum Bloch-Siegert shifts, the hallmark of antiresonant interactions, greatly exceed analogous frequency shifts from resonant interactions. Further, we theoretically explored the system’s ground state and calculated up to 5.9 dB of quantum fluctuation suppression. These observations demonstrate that magnonic systems provide an ideal platform for exploring exotic quantum vacuum phenomena predicted in ultrastrongly coupled light-matter systems. Ultrastrong light-matter interactions with dominant antiresonant terms are expected to give rise to interesting phenomena such as quantum fluctuation suppression. Here, the authors propose a system of ultrastrongly coupled magnon modes in a rare earth orthoferrite as a platform for exploring such phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Makihara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kenji Hayashida
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - G Timothy Noe Ii
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Xiaoxuan Ma
- Department of Physics, International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures and Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuanming Jin
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Physics, International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures and Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Ma
- Department of Physics, International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures and Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ikufumi Katayama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Shixun Cao
- Department of Physics, International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures and Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Motoaki Bamba
- Department of Physics I, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. .,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan. .,The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Baydin A, Makihara T, Peraca NM, Kono J. Time-domain terahertz spectroscopy in high magnetic fields. Front Optoelectron 2021; 14:110-129. [PMID: 36637783 PMCID: PMC9743882 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-020-1101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are a variety of elementary and collective terahertz-frequency excitations in condensed matter whose magnetic field dependence contains significant insight into the states and dynamics of the electrons involved. Often, determining the frequency, temperature, and magnetic field dependence of the optical conductivity tensor, especially in high magnetic fields, can clarify the microscopic physics behind complex many-body behaviors of solids. While there are advanced terahertz spectroscopy techniques as well as high magnetic field generation techniques available, a combination of the two has only been realized relatively recently. Here, we review the current state of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) experiments in high magnetic fields. We start with an overview of time-domain terahertz detection schemes with a special focus on how they have been incorporated into optically accessible high-field magnets. Advantages and disadvantages of different types of magnets in performing THz-TDS experiments are also discussed. Finally, we highlight some of the new fascinating physical phenomena that have been revealed by THz-TDS in high magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Baydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 70005, USA.
| | - Takuma Makihara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | | | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 70005, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.
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11
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Asai G, Hata D, Harada S, Kasai T, Arashida Y, Katayama I. High-throughput terahertz spectral line imaging using an echelon mirror. Opt Express 2021; 29:3515-3523. [PMID: 33770948 DOI: 10.1364/oe.413802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates terahertz (THz) line imaging that acquires broadband spectral information by combining echelon-based single-shot THz spectroscopy with high-sensitivity phase-offset electrooptic detection. An approximately 40 dB signal-to-noise ratio is obtained for a THz spectrum from a single line of the camera, with a detection bandwidth up to 2 THz at the peak electric-field strength of 1.2 kV/cm. The spatial resolution of the image is confirmed to be diffraction limited for each spectral component of the THz wave. We use the system to image sugar tablets by quickly scanning the sample, which illustrates the capacity of the proposed spectral line imaging system for high-throughput applications.
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12
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Mead G, Katayama I, Takeda J, Blake GA. An echelon-based single shot optical and terahertz Kerr effect spectrometer. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:053107. [PMID: 31153227 PMCID: PMC6842322 DOI: 10.1063/1.5088377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design and performance of an echelon-based single shot visible/near-infrared spectrometer with adequate sensitivity to measure the nonlinear optical and terahertz Kerr effects in neat molecular liquids at room temperature. Useful molecular information spanning tens of picoseconds can be measured in just a few milliseconds, and the signal-to-noise performance scales favorably with respect to the standard stage scan technique. These results demonstrate the viability of stage-free nonlinear Kerr effect measurements and provide a route for improvements to the speed of future multidimensional Kerr effect studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Mead
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Ikufumi Katayama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Geoffrey A. Blake
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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13
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Krapivnitskaia T, Luchinin A, Malyshev V, Morozkin M, Starodubtsev M, Proyavin M, Fokin A, Glyavin M. Pulsed magnets with high field intensity for laser-plasma experiments and TDS spectroscopy. EPJ Web Conf 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201819506006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Ofori-Okai BK, Descamps A, Lu J, Seipp LE, Weinmann A, Glenzer SH, Chen Z. Toward quasi-DC conductivity of warm dense matter measured by single-shot terahertz spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10D109. [PMID: 30399773 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present an experimental setup capable of measuring the near DC conductivity of laser generated warm dense matter using single-shot terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The setup uses a reflective echelon and balanced detection to record THz waveforms with a minimum detectable signal of 0.2% in a single laser pulse. We describe details of the experimental setup and the data analysis procedure and present single-shot terahertz transmission data on aluminum that has been laser heated to an electron temperature of 0.5 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Ofori-Okai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Descamps
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Lu
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L E Seipp
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Weinmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S H Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Z Chen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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15
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Curtis JA, Burch AD, Barman B, Linn AG, McClintock LM, O'Beirne AL, Stiles MJ, Reno JL, McGill SA, Karaiskaj D, Hilton DJ. Broadband ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy in the 25 T Split Florida-Helix. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:073901. [PMID: 30068119 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe the development of a broadband (0.3-10 THz) optical pump-terahertz probe spectrometer with an unprecedented combination of temporal resolution (≤200 fs) operating in external magnetic fields as high as 25 T using the new Split Florida-Helix magnet system. Using this new instrument, we measure the transient dynamics in a gallium arsenide four-quantum well sample after photoexcitation at 800 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Curtis
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Ashlyn D Burch
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Biplob Barman
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - A Garrison Linn
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Luke M McClintock
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Aidan L O'Beirne
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Matthew J Stiles
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - John L Reno
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Stephen A McGill
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Denis Karaiskaj
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - David J Hilton
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Russell BK, Ofori-Okai BK, Chen Z, Hoffmann MC, Tsui YY, Glenzer SH. Self-referenced single-shot THz detection. Opt Express 2017; 25:16140-16150. [PMID: 28789123 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.016140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a self-referencing method to reduce noise in a single-shot terahertz detection scheme. By splitting a single terahertz pulse and using a reflective echelon, both the signal and reference terahertz time-domain waveforms were measured using one laser pulse. Simultaneous acquisition of these waveforms significantly reduces noise originating from shot-to-shot fluctuations. We show that correlation function based referencing, which is not limited to polarization dependent measurements, can achieve a noise floor that is comparable to state-of-the-art polarization-gated balanced detection. Lastly, we extract the DC conductivity of a 30 nm free-standing gold film using a single THz pulse. The measured value of σ0 = 1.3 ± 0.4 × 107 S m-1 is in good agreement with the value measured by four-point probe, indicating the viability of this method for measuring dynamical changes and small signals.
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