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Hong J, Rokumyo K, Mao J, Bannaron A, Sato H, Yokoyama S. Efficient four-wave mixing wavelength conversion in a hybrid silicon slot and polymer microring resonator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:45499-45507. [PMID: 36522954 DOI: 10.1364/oe.475748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a silicon slot microring resonator for efficient frequency conversion via four-wave mixing (FWM). The slot consists of a narrow silicon waveguide pair with a gap of 80 nm, which is filled with a nonlinear optical polymer. The group velocity dispersion for the microring is controlled by engineering the geometry of the slot structure. Because of the large buildup factor of the slot microring, an FWM conversion efficiency of -27.4 dB is achieved with an optical pump power of less than 1.0 mW. From the measured power dependence of FWM generation, a nonlinear refractive index coefficient of 1.31 × 10-17 m2 W-1 is obtained at a wavelength of 1562 nm. This work presents a hybrid silicon slot and polymer microring as a potential nonlinear device for applications in integrated photonic devices.
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Mushtaq A, Clink L, Noor MY, Kuz C, DeAngelis E, Siebenaller R, Fisher A, Verma D, Myers RC, Conner BS, Susner MA, Chowdhury E. Ultrafast Nonlinear Absorption and Second Harmonic Generation in Cu 0.33In 1.30P 2S 6 van der Waals Layered Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10513-10521. [PMID: 36342235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of ultrafast photonics and optoelectronic devices necessitates the exploration of new materials with optical and chemical stability to implement practical applications. Layered quaternary metal-thio/selenophosphate has attracted much interest over the past few years. Ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS) is an emerging material that belongs to this family. When synthesized with Cu deficiencies, CIPS forms self-assembled in-plane heterostructures, which in turn exhibit properties that are both compositionally and thermally dependent. These characteristics can be explored for applications in nonlinear optoelectronic and photonic devices. Herein, we study the second and third order nonlinear optical behavior of Cu0.33In1.30P2S6 bulk heterostructure. We observed large two photon induced nonlinear absorptions and self-defocusing at 1032 nm pulsed laser excitation using the Z-scan technique. Furthermore, we identified a polarization-dependent second harmonic signal and determined the laser-induced optical damage threshold. Our observations allow for the designing of optoelectronic and ultrafast photonic devices based on these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Mushtaq
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Liam Clink
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Mohamed Yaseen Noor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Conrad Kuz
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Emma DeAngelis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Ryan Siebenaller
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio45433, United States
| | - Adam Fisher
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Darpan Verma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Roberto C Myers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ohio State University, 2015 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
| | - Benjamin S Conner
- Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio45433, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, D.C.20001, United States
| | - Michael A Susner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio45433, United States
| | - Enam Chowdhury
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ohio State University, 2015 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
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Chen Z, Han W, Lang T, Guan X. Slot hybrid-core waveguides for temperature-independent integrated optical sensors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42336-42346. [PMID: 36366689 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel type of waveguides, called the slot hybrid-core waveguides (HCWs), for temperature-independent integrated optical sensors. The HCWs are composed of different core materials having the opposite thermo-optic coefficients (TOCs) and, therefore, are immune to temperature variations. On this basis, slot HCWs are proposed for the microring resonator-based optical sensors, enabling the sensors to simultaneously present high sensitivities and temperature independence. The temperature-dependent wavelength shifts of the proposed sensors are calculated to be less than 1 pm/K while the sensitivities to the cladding refractive indices attain 468 nm/RIU and 536 nm/RIU, respectively, for the asymmetric and symmetric slot structures.
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De Leonardis F, Soref RA, Passaro VMN. Design of an on-Chip Room Temperature Group-IV Quantum Photonic Chem/Bio Interferometric Sensor Based on Parity Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1984. [PMID: 33036438 PMCID: PMC7600241 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We propose and analyze three Si-based room-temperature strip-guided "manufacturable" integrated quantum photonic chem/bio sensor chips operating at wavelengths of 1550 nm, 1330 nm, and 640 nm, respectively. We propose design rules that will achieve super-sensitivity (above the classical limit) by means of mixing between states of coherent light and single-mode squeezed-light. The silicon-on-insulator (SOI), silicon-on-sapphire (SOS), and silicon nitride-on-SiO2-on Si (SiN) platforms have been investigated. Each chip is comprised of photonic building blocks: a race-track resonator, a pump filter, an integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometric chem/bio sensor, and a photonic circuit to perform parity measurements, where our homodyne measurement circuit avoids the use of single-photon-counting detectors and utilizes instead conventional photodetectors. A combination of super-sensitivity with super-resolution is predicted for all three platforms to be used for chem/bio sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Leonardis
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Department of Physics, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Richard A. Soref
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Vittorio M. N. Passaro
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Department of Physics, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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De Leonardis F, Soref R, De Carlo M, Passaro VMN. On-Chip Group-IV Heisenberg-Limited Sagnac Interferometric Gyroscope at Room Temperature. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20123476. [PMID: 32575626 PMCID: PMC7349385 DOI: 10.3390/s20123476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A room-temperature strip-guided “manufacturable” Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI)/GeSn integrated-photonics quantum-gyroscope chip operating at 1550 nm is proposed and analysed. We demonstrate how the entangled photons generated in Si Spontaneous Four Wave Mixing (SFWM) can be used to improve the resolution of a Sagnac interferometric gyroscope. We propose different integrated architectures based on degenerate and non-degenerate SFWM. The chip comprises several beam splitters, two SFWM entangled photon sources, a pump filter, integrated Mach–Zehnder interferometric gyro, and an array of waveguide coupled GeSn/Ge/Si single-photon avalanche detectors. The laser pumped SWFM sources generate the signal-idler pairs, which, in turn, are used to measure the two-photon, four-photon, and higher order coincidences, resulting in an increasing of the gyro resolution by a factor of two and four, with respect to the classical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Leonardis
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Edoardo Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.D.L.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Richard Soref
- Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Martino De Carlo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Edoardo Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.D.L.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Vittorio M. N. Passaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Politecnico di Bari, Via Edoardo Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.D.L.); (M.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
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