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Tian L, Shi S, Li Y, Wu Y, Li W, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zheng Y. Entangled sideband control scheme via frequency-comb-type seed beam. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:3989-3992. [PMID: 34388792 DOI: 10.1364/ol.433440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a control scheme of entangled sideband modes without coherent amplitude by employing a frequency-comb-type seed beam. In this scheme, each tooth of the frequency comb serves as a control field for the corresponding downconversion mode. Consequently, all the degrees of freedom can be actively controlled, and the entanglement degrees are higher than 6.7 dB for two pairs of sidebands. We believe that this scheme provides a simple solution for the control of sideband modes, which could be further applied to achieve compact channel multiplexing quantum communications.
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KOBAYASHI T. Advanced time-resolved absorption spectroscopy with an ultrashort visible/near IR laser and a multi-channel lock-in detector. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 97:236-260. [PMID: 33980754 PMCID: PMC8141836 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrashort visible-near infrared (NIR) pulse generation and its applications to ultrafast spectroscopy are discussed. Femtosecond pulses of around 800 nm from a Ti:sapphire laser are used as a pump of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) in a non-collinear configuration to generate ultrashort visible (500-780 nm) pulses and deep-ultraviolet (DUV, 259-282 nm) pulses. The visible-NIR pulses and DUV pulses were compressed to 3.9 fs and 10.4 fs, respectively, and used to elucidate various ultrafast dynamics in condensed matter with a sub-10 fs resolution by pump-probe measurements. We have also developed a 128-channel lock-in amplifier. The combined system of the world-shortest visible pulse from the OPA and the lock-in amplifier with the world-largest channel-number can clarify the sub-10 fs-dynamics in condensed matter. This system clarified structural changes in an excited state, reaction intermediate, and a transition state. This is possible even during molecular vibration and reactions via a real-time-resolved vibronic spectrum, which provides molecular structural change information. Also, ultrafast dynamics in exotic materials like carbon nanotubes, topological insulators, and novel solar battery systems have been clarified. Furthermore, the carrier-envelope phase in the ultrashort pulse has been controlled and measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi KOBAYASHI
- Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Iwakuni K, Porat G, Bui TQ, Bjork BJ, Schoun SB, Heckl OH, Fermann ME, Ye J. Phase-stabilized 100 mW frequency comb near 10 μm. APPLIED PHYSICS. B, LASERS AND OPTICS 2018; 124:128. [PMID: 30996528 PMCID: PMC6435022 DOI: 10.1007/s00340-018-6996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Long-wavelength mid-infrared (MIR) frequency combs with high power and flexible tunability are highly desired for molecular spectroscopy, including investigation of large molecules such as C60. We present a high power, phase-stabilized frequency comb near 10 μm, generated by a synchronously pumped, singly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on AgGaSe2. The OPO can be continuously tuned from 8.4 to 9.5 μm, with a maximum average idler power of 100 mW at the center wavelength of 8.5 μm. Both the repetition rate (f rep) and the carrier-envelope offset frequency (f ceo) of the idler wave are phase-locked to microwave signals referenced to a Cs clock. We describe the detailed design and construction of the frequency comb, and discuss potential applications for precise and sensitive direct frequency comb spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Iwakuni
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - Gil Porat
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - Thinh Q. Bui
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - Bryce J. Bjork
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
- Present Address: Honeywell International, 303 Technology Court, Broomfield, CO 80021 USA
| | - Stephen B. Schoun
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - Oliver H. Heckl
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
- Present Address: Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mid-IR Spectroscopy and Semiconductor Optics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jun Ye
- Department of Physics, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
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Sun J, Gale BJS, Reid DT. Dual-color operation of a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator exhibiting stable relative carrier-envelope phase-slip frequencies. OPTICS LETTERS 2006; 31:2021-3. [PMID: 16770419 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A femtosecond optical parametric oscillator is demonstrated that can operate in a regime where two signal pulses with well-separated center wavelengths are simultaneously resonant. Measurements show that the oscillator output contains a stable modulation at a frequency corresponding to the difference in the carrier-envelope phase-slip frequencies of the co-resonant pulses. The physical origin of this internal beat signal is attributed to second-order mixing effects, and its frequency is shown to be consistent with theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Sun
- Ultrafast Optics Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
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Goulielmakis E, Uiberacker M, Kienberger R, Baltuska A, Yakovlev V, Scrinzi A, Westerwalbesloh T, Kleineberg U, Heinzmann U, Drescher M, Krausz F. Direct Measurement of Light Waves. Science 2004; 305:1267-9. [PMID: 15333834 DOI: 10.1126/science.1100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The electromagnetic field of visible light performs approximately 10(15) oscillations per second. Although many instruments are sensitive to the amplitude and frequency (or wavelength) of these oscillations, they cannot access the light field itself. We directly observed how the field built up and disappeared in a short, few-cycle pulse of visible laser light by probing the variation of the field strength with a 250-attosecond electron burst. Our apparatus allows complete characterization of few-cycle waves of visible, ultraviolet, and/or infrared light, thereby providing the possibility for controlled and reproducible synthesis of ultrabroadband light waveforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Goulielmakis
- Institut für Photonik, Technische Universität Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27, A-1040 Wien, Austria
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Fang X, Kobayashi T. Self-stabilization of the carrier-envelope phase of an optical parametric amplifier verified with a photonic crystal fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2004; 29:1282-1284. [PMID: 15209272 DOI: 10.1364/ol.29.001282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Experimental verification is given for self-stabilization of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of idler pulses from a noncollinear optical parametric amplifier. The verification is performed by spectral interference (SI) between an octave-broadened supercontinuum (SC) and its second harmonic. This SC is generated by nonlinear propagation of the second harmonic of the idler through a photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Although the modulational instability causes the intensity and CEP fluctuation and the amplified spontaneous emission noise in PCF degrades the visibility of SI, the CEP is verified to be stabilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Fang
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Kobayashi Y, Takada H, Kakehata M, Torizuka K. Optical phase locking among femtosecond subharmonic pulses. OPTICS LETTERS 2003; 28:1377-1379. [PMID: 12906095 DOI: 10.1364/ol.28.001377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We stabilized the relative carrier-envelope phase slip among the pump pulse and its subharmonic signal and idler pulses in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator, resulting in long-term phasecoherence among the pulses. The stabilized beat signal corresponding to the relative carrier-envelope phase slip among subharmonic pulses had an accumulated phase error of 0.24 rad in the 1-mHz-1-MHz region. The fluctuation of the beat frequency measured by a 1-s-averaged counter was less than 1 mHz in a 1480-s measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kobayashi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
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Baltuska A, Fuji T, Kobayashi T. Self-referencing of the carrier-envelope slip in a 6-fs visible parametric amplifier. OPTICS LETTERS 2002; 27:1241-1243. [PMID: 18026415 DOI: 10.1364/ol.27.001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a scheme for parametric amplification that allows us to measure the drift of the carrier-envelope phase of the output signal pulses. The method is based on the unique double phase-matching properties of a noncollinearly pumped BBO crystal, making possible the detection of the interference between the signal and the frequency-doubled idler. Additionally, the suggested device greatly simplifies the single-shot measurement of the phase evolution in Ti:sapphire laser amplifiers by dispensing with harmonic synthesis from the spectral edges of an octave-wide supercontinuum.
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Baltuska A, Fuji T, Kobayashi T. Controlling the carrier-envelope phase of ultrashort light pulses with optical parametric amplifiers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:133901. [PMID: 11955097 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.133901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phase link between signal, idler, and pump waves in a parametric interaction allows generation of an idler pulse with a phase independent of that of the input pulse. We suggest the use of a white-light seeded optical parametric amplifier as a self-stabilized source of few-cycle pulses, in which the phase of the electric field is exactly reproduced in each laser shot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrius Baltuska
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Wei Z, Kobayashi Y, Zhang Z, Torizuka K. Generation of two-color femtosecond pulses by self-synchronizing Ti:sapphire and Cr:forsterite lasers. OPTICS LETTERS 2001; 26:1806-1808. [PMID: 18059705 DOI: 10.1364/ol.26.001806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel technique for the synchronization of two different femtosecond solid-state lasers by crossing of both laser pulses in a Kerr medium. Stable dual-wavelength femtosecond pulses at central wavelengths of 820 and 1250 nm have been obtained. The tolerance of cavity-length mismatch is ~0.6mum , where the pulse widths of the Ti:sapphire and the Cr:forsterite lasers are 18 and 40 fs, respectively, at average powers of 600 and 110 mW. The typical timing jitter derived from the cross correlation is less than 3 fs.
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Kobayashi Y, Torizuka K. Carrier-phase control among subharmonic pulses in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator. OPTICS LETTERS 2001; 26:1295-1297. [PMID: 18049591 DOI: 10.1364/ol.26.001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We have generated femtosecond subharmonic pulses by using an optical parametric oscillator. The optical frequencies of the idler and the signal are one third and two thirds, respectively, of the optical frequency of the pump pulse. The carrier phase of the signal pulse relative to that of the pump pulse was locked by electronic feedback. The carrier-envelope phase slip frequency of the signal pulse relative to that of the pump was locked to F/6 , where F is defined as the repetition frequency.
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