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Tuning Collective Plasmon Resonances of Femtosecond Laser-Printed Metasurface. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051834. [PMID: 35269065 PMCID: PMC8911911 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The optical response of properly excited periodically arranged plasmonic nanostructures is known to demonstrate sharp resonance features associated with high-Q collective modes demanding for various applications in light-matter interaction, filtering and sensing. Meanwhile, practical realization and replication of plasmonic platforms supporting high-Q modes via scalable inexpensive lithography-free approach is still challenging. Here, we justify direct ablation-free irradiation of Si-supported thin Au film by nanojoule-energy femtosecond laser pulses as a single-step and scalable technology for realization of plasmonic metasurfaces supporting collective plasmonic response. Using an adjustable aperture to control and upscale the size of the fabricated nanostructures, nanobumps and nanojets, we demonstrated plasmonic metasurface supporting collective resonances with a moderately high Q-factor (up to 17) and amplitude (up to 45%) within expanded spectral range (1.4-4.5 µm). Vacuum deposition of thin films above the as-fabricated nanostructure arrays was demonstrated to provide fine tuning of the resonance position, also expanding the choice of available materials for realization of plasmonic designs with extended functionality.
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Ruiz de Galarreta C, Casquero N, Humphreys E, Bertolotti J, Solis J, Wright CD, Siegel J. Single-Step Fabrication of High-Performance Extraordinary Transmission Plasmonic Metasurfaces Employing Ultrafast Lasers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:3446-3454. [PMID: 34981913 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic metasurfaces based on the extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) effect can be designed to efficiently transmit specific spectral bands from the visible to the far-infrared regimes, offering numerous applications in important technological fields such as compact multispectral imaging, biological and chemical sensing, or color displays. However, due to their subwavelength nature, EOT metasurfaces are nowadays fabricated with nano- and micro-lithographic techniques, requiring many processing steps and carrying out in expensive cleanroom environments. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, single-step process for the rapid fabrication of high-performance mid- and long-wave infrared EOT metasurfaces employing ultrafast direct laser writing. Microhole arrays composing extraordinary transmission metasurfaces were fabricated over an area of 4 mm2 in timescales of units of minutes, employing single pulse ablation of 40 nm thick Au films on dielectric substrates mounted on a high-precision motorized stage. We show how by carefully characterizing the influence of only three key experimental parameters on the processed micro-morphologies (namely, laser pulse energy, scan velocity, and beam shaping slit), we can have on-demand control of the optical characteristics of the extraordinary transmission effect in terms of transmission wavelength, quality factor, and polarization sensitivity of the resonances. To illustrate this concept, a set of EOT metasurfaces having different performances and operating in different spectral regimes has been successfully designed, fabricated, and tested. Comparison between transmittance measurements and numerical simulations has revealed that all the fabricated devices behave as expected, thus demonstrating the high performance, flexibility, and reliability of the proposed fabrication method. We believe that our findings provide the pillars for mass production of EOT metasurfaces with on-demand optical properties and create new research trends toward single-step laser fabrication of metasurfaces with alternative geometries and/or functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Ruiz de Galarreta
- Laser Processing Group, Instituto de Óptica, IO-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006 Spain
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF UK
| | - Noemi Casquero
- Laser Processing Group, Instituto de Óptica, IO-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - Euan Humphreys
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF UK
| | - Jacopo Bertolotti
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF UK
| | - Javier Solis
- Laser Processing Group, Instituto de Óptica, IO-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - C David Wright
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF UK
| | - Jan Siegel
- Laser Processing Group, Instituto de Óptica, IO-CSIC, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006 Spain
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Hauschwitz P, Martan J, Bičišťová R, Beltrami C, Moskal D, Brodsky A, Kaplan N, Mužík J, Štepánková D, Brajer J, Rostohar D, Kopeček J, Prokešová L, Honner M, Lang V, Smrž M, Mocek T. LIPSS-based functional surfaces produced by multi-beam nanostructuring with 2601 beams and real-time thermal processes measurement. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22944. [PMID: 34824322 PMCID: PMC8617047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A unique combination of the ultrashort high-energy pulsed laser system with exceptional beam quality and a novel Diffractive Optical Element (DOE) enables simultaneous production of 2601 spots organized in the square-shaped 1 × 1 mm matrix in less than 0.01 ms. By adjusting the laser and processing parameters each spot can contain Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS, ripples), including high-spatial frequency LIPSS (HFSL) and low-spatial frequency LIPSS (LSFL). DOE placed before galvanometric scanner allows easy integration and stitching of the pattern over larger areas. In addition, the LIPSS formation was monitored for the first time using fast infrared radiometry for verification of real-time quality control possibilities. During the LIPSS fabrication, solidification plateaus were observed after each laser pulse, which enables process control by monitoring heat accumulation or plateau length using a new signal derivation approach. Analysis of solidification plateaus after each laser pulse enabled dynamic calibration of the measurement. Heat accumulation temperatures from 200 to 1000 °C were observed from measurement and compared to the theoretical model. The temperature measurements revealed interesting changes in the physics of the laser ablation process. Moreover, the highest throughput on the area of 40 × 40 mm reached 1910 cm2/min, which is the highest demonstrated throughput of LIPSS nanostructuring, to the best of our knowledge. Thus, showing great potential for the efficient production of LIPSS-based functional surfaces which can be used to improve surface mechanical, biological or optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hauschwitz
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic.
| | - J Martan
- New Technologies Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30100, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - R Bičišťová
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic
| | - C Beltrami
- New Technologies Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30100, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - D Moskal
- New Technologies Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30100, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - A Brodsky
- R&D Department, Holo/Or Ltd, Einstein 13b, 7403617, Ness Tziona, Israel
| | - N Kaplan
- R&D Department, Holo/Or Ltd, Einstein 13b, 7403617, Ness Tziona, Israel
| | - J Mužík
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D Štepánková
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Brajer
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic
| | - D Rostohar
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic
| | - J Kopeček
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Prokešová
- New Technologies Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30100, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - M Honner
- New Technologies Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30100, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - V Lang
- New Technologies Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30100, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - M Smrž
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic
| | - T Mocek
- Hilase Centre, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Za Radnici 828, Dolni Brezany, 25241, Czech Republic
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Guo Y, Zhang K, Zhang M, Chai Y, Du Y, Hu G. Plasmonic gold nanojets fabricated by a femtosecond laser irradiation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:20063-20076. [PMID: 34266104 DOI: 10.1364/oe.428676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanojets with various morphologies, from nanopillar to nanotip with up to 800 nm height, and finally to nanotip with droplet, are fabricated on gold thin film by a femtosecond laser irradiation. The near-field localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and photothermal effects of gold nanojets are studied through finite element electromagnetic (EM) analysis, supporting in nanojets design for potential applications of high-resolution imaging, nanomanipulation and sensing. For an individual nanotip, the confined electron oscillations in LSPR lead to an intense local EM field up to three orders of magnitude stronger than the incident field strength at the end of gold tip, where the vertical resolution for the field enhancement was improved down to nanoscale due to the small size of the sharp gold tip (5-nm-radius). At specific wavelength, nanopillar can serve as an effective light-to-heat converter and its heating can be fine-tuned by external irradiation, and its dimension. The long-range periodic nanojet arrays (periods from 1.5 µm to 2.5 µm) with different geometry were printed using several pulse energy levels. By confining more light into the tip (two orders of magnitude stronger than single tip), nanotip array shows more pronounced potential to serve as a refractometric sensor due to their high sensitivity and reproducibility. These results promote fs laser printing as a high-precision tool for nanoarchitecture in optical imaging, nanomanipulation and sensing application.
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Dou S, Xu H, Zhao J, Zhang K, Li N, Lin Y, Pan L, Li Y. Bioinspired Microstructured Materials for Optical and Thermal Regulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000697. [PMID: 32686250 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precise optical and thermal regulatory systems are found in nature, specifically in the microstructures on organisms' surfaces. In fact, the interaction between light and matter through these microstructures is of great significance to the evolution and survival of organisms. Furthermore, the optical regulation by these biological microstructures is engineered owing to natural selection. Herein, the role that microstructures play in enhancing optical performance or creating new optical properties in nature is summarized, with a focus on the regulation mechanisms of the solar and infrared spectra emanating from the microstructures and their role in the field of thermal radiation. The causes of the unique optical phenomena are discussed, focusing on prevailing characteristics such as high absorption, high transmission, adjustable reflection, adjustable absorption, and dynamic infrared radiative design. On this basis, the comprehensive control performance of light and heat integrated by this bioinspired microstructure is introduced in detail and a solution strategy for the development of low-energy, environmentally friendly, intelligent thermal control instruments is discussed. In order to develop such an instrument, a microstructural design foundation is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Dou
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiupeng Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yipeng Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lei Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Yao Li
- Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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Sergeev AA, Pavlov DV, Kuchmizhak AA, Lapine MV, Yiu WK, Dong Y, Ke N, Juodkazis S, Zhao N, Kershaw SV, Rogach AL. Tailoring spontaneous infrared emission of HgTe quantum dots with laser-printed plasmonic arrays. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:16. [PMID: 32047625 PMCID: PMC7000696 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemically synthesized near-infrared to mid-infrared (IR) colloidal quantum dots (QDs) offer a promising platform for the realization of devices including emitters, detectors, security, and sensor systems. However, at longer wavelengths, the quantum yield of such QDs decreases as the radiative emission rate drops following Fermi's golden rule, while non-radiative recombination channels compete with light emission. Control over the radiative and non-radiative channels of the IR-emitting QDs is crucially important to improve the performance of IR-range devices. Here, we demonstrate strong enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate of near- to mid-IR HgTe QDs coupled to periodically arranged plasmonic nanoantennas, in the form of nanobumps, produced on the surface of glass-supported Au films via ablation-free direct femtosecond laser printing. The enhancement is achieved by simultaneous radiative coupling of the emission that spectrally matches the first-order lattice resonance of the arrays, as well as more efficient photoluminescence excitation provided by coupling of the pump radiation to the local surface plasmon resonances of the isolated nanoantennas. Moreover, coupling of the HgTe QDs to the lattice plasmons reduces the influence of non-radiative decay losses mediated by the formation of polarons formed between QD surface-trapped carriers and the IR absorption bands of dodecanethiol used as a ligand on the QDs, allowing us to improve the shape of the emission spectrum through a reduction in the spectral dip related to this ligand coupling. Considering the ease of the chemical synthesis and processing of the HgTe QDs combined with the scalability of the direct laser fabrication of nanoantennas with tailored plasmonic responses, our results provide an important step towards the design of IR-range devices for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Sergeev
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia
| | - D. V. Pavlov
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690090 Russia
| | - A. A. Kuchmizhak
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690090 Russia
| | - M. V. Lapine
- University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007 Sydney, Australia
| | - W. K. Yiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Y. Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - N. Ke
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - S. Juodkazis
- Swinburne University of Technology, John St., Hawthorn, VIC 3122 Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, ANFF, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - N. Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - S. V. Kershaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - A. L. Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
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Multi-Purpose Nanovoid Array Plasmonic Sensor Produced by Direct Laser Patterning. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101348. [PMID: 31547003 PMCID: PMC6835399 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a multi-purpose plasmonic sensor based on a nanovoid array fabricated via inexpensive and highly-reproducible direct femtosecond laser patterning of thin glass-supported Au films. The proposed nanovoid array exhibits near-IR surface plasmon (SP) resonances, which can be excited under normal incidence and optimised for specific applications by tailoring the array periodicity, as well as the nanovoid geometric shape. The fabricated SP sensor offers competitive sensitivity of ≈ 1600 nm/RIU at a figure of merit of 12 in bulk refractive index tests, as well as allows for identification of gases and ultra-thin analyte layers, making the sensor particularly useful for common bioassay experiments. Moreover, isolated nanovoids support strong electromagnetic field enhancement at lattice SP resonance wavelength, allowing for label-free molecular identification via surface-enhanced vibration spectroscopy.
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