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Dastrup BS, Miedaner PR, Zhang Z, Nelson KA. Optical-pump-terahertz-probe spectroscopy in high magnetic fields with kHz single-shot detection. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:033005. [PMID: 38470217 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate optical pump-THz probe (OPTP) spectroscopy with a variable external magnetic field (0-9 T), in which the time-dependent THz signal is measured by echelon-based single-shot detection at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The method reduces data acquisition times by more than an order of magnitude compared to conventional electro-optic sampling using a scanning delay stage. The approach illustrates the wide applicability of the single-shot measurement approach to non-equilibrium systems that are studied through OPTP spectroscopy, especially in cases where parameters such as magnetic field strength (B) or other experimental parameters are varied. We demonstrate the capabilities of our measurement by performing cyclotron resonance experiments in bulk silicon, where we observe B-field-dependent carrier relaxation and distinct relaxation rates for different carrier types. We use a pair of economical linear array detectors to measure 500 time points on each shot, offering an equivalent performance to camera-based detection with possibilities for higher repetition rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake S Dastrup
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Peter R Miedaner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Zhuquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
| | - Keith A Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 01239, USA
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Liu ZJ, Dahod NS, Paritmongkol W, Brown N, Stollmann A, Lee WS, Chien YC, Dai Z, Nelson KA, Tisdale WA, Rappe AM, Baldini E. Discovery of enhanced lattice dynamics in a single-layered hybrid perovskite. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg4417. [PMID: 37585532 PMCID: PMC10431705 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg4417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Layered hybrid perovskites exhibit emergent physical properties and exceptional functional performances, but the coexistence of lattice order and structural disorder severely hinders our understanding of these materials. One unsolved problem regards how the lattice dynamics are affected by the dimensional engineering of the inorganic frameworks and their interaction with the molecular moieties. Here, we address this question by using a combination of spontaneous Raman scattering, terahertz spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. This approach reveals the structural dynamics in and out of equilibrium and provides unexpected observables that differentiate single- and double-layered perovskites. While no distinct vibrational coherence is observed in double-layered perovskites, an off-resonant terahertz pulse can drive a long-lived coherent phonon mode in the single-layered system. This difference highlights the dramatic change in the lattice environment as the dimension is reduced, and the findings pave the way for ultrafast structural engineering and high-speed optical modulators based on layered perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zi-Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nabeel S. Dahod
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Niamh Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexia Stollmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Woo Seok Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu-Che Chien
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhenbang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keith A. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andrew M. Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edoardo Baldini
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Couture N, Cui W, Lippl M, Ostic R, Fandio DJJ, Yalavarthi EK, Vishnuradhan A, Gamouras A, Joly NY, Ménard JM. Single-pulse terahertz spectroscopy monitoring sub-millisecond time dynamics at a rate of 50 kHz. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2595. [PMID: 37147407 PMCID: PMC10163249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Slow motion movies allow us to see intricate details of the mechanical dynamics of complex phenomena. If the images in each frame are replaced by terahertz (THz) waves, such movies can monitor low-energy resonances and reveal fast structural or chemical transitions. Here, we combine THz spectroscopy as a non-invasive optical probe with a real-time monitoring technique to demonstrate the ability to resolve non-reproducible phenomena at 50k frames per second, extracting each of the generated THz waveforms every 20 μs. The concept, based on a photonic time-stretch technique to achieve unprecedented data acquisition speeds, is demonstrated by monitoring sub-millisecond dynamics of hot carriers injected in silicon by successive resonant pulses as a saturation density is established. Our experimental configuration will play a crucial role in revealing fast irreversible physical and chemical processes at THz frequencies with microsecond resolution to enable new applications in fundamental research as well as in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Couture
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Markus Lippl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rachel Ostic
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Défi Junior Jubgang Fandio
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Eeswar Kumar Yalavarthi
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Aswin Vishnuradhan
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Angela Gamouras
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Nicolas Y Joly
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jean-Michel Ménard
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Max Planck Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada.
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