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Mokhtarinia K, Masaeli E. Transiently thermally responsive surfaces: Concepts for cell sheet engineering. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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2
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Bessa MJ, Brandão F, Querido MM, Costa C, Pereira CC, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Carriere M, Teixeira JP, Fraga S. Optimization of the harvesting and freezing conditions of human cell lines for DNA damage analysis by the alkaline comet assay. Mutat Res 2018; 845:402994. [PMID: 31561887 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The comet assay is a commonly used method for in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assessment. This versatile assay can be performed in a wide range of tissues and cell types. Although most of the studies use samples immediately processed after collection, frozen biological samples can also be used. The present study aimed to optimize a collection and freezing protocol to minimize the DNA damage associated with these procedures in human cell line samples for comet assay analysis. This study was conducted in glial A172 and lung alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Two cell detachment methods (mechanical vs enzymatic) and two cryoprotective media [FBS + 10% DMSO vs Cell Culture Media (CCM) + 10% DMSO] were tested, and DNA damage assessed at four time points following storage at -80 °C (one, two, four and eight weeks). In both cell lines, no differences in % tail intensity were detected between fresh and frozen cells up to eight weeks, irrespective of the harvesting method and freezing medium used. However, freshly isolated A172 cells exhibited a significant lower DNA damage when resuspended in CCM + 10% DMSO, while for A549 fresh cells the preferable harvesting method was the enzymatic one since it induced less DNA damage. Although both harvesting methods and cryoprotective media tested were found suitable, our data indicate that enzymatic harvesting and cryopreservation in CCM + 10% DMSO is a preferable method for DNA integrity preservation of human cell line samples for comet assay analysis. Our data also suggest that CCM is a preferable and cost-effective alternative to FBS in cryopreservation media. This optimized protocol allows the analysis of in vitro cell samples collected and frozen at different locations, with minimal interference on the basal DNA strand break levels in samples kept frozen up to eight weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Bessa
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Brandão
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Micaela Machado Querido
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Costa
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristiana Costa Pereira
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology, Coruña, Spain.
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology, Coruña, Spain.
| | - Marie Carriere
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST), France.
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sónia Fraga
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal.
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Ma G, Zhao JL, Mao M, Chen J, Dong ZW, Liu YP. Scaffold-Based Delivery of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet Fragments Enhances New Bone Formation In Vivo. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 75:92-104. [PMID: 27637777 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stem cell therapy is becoming a potent strategy to shorten the consolidation time and reduce potential complications during distraction osteogenesis (DO). However, the conventional local injection or scaffold-based delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) suspension deprives the cells of their endogenous extracellular matrix, which might dampen cell differentiation and tissue regeneration after implantation. Therefore, in our study, a BMSC sheet was established and was then minced into fragments and loaded onto a hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold for grafting. MATERIALS AND METHODS The purified and characterized BMSCs were grown into a cell sheet, and bone formation and mineralization capacity, as well as the cell sheet composition, were analyzed. Afterward, the in vivo osteogenic ability of cell sheet fragments (CSFs) was evaluated in immunocompromised mouse and rabbit models of DO. RESULTS The BMSC sheet exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase activity than osteogenic cell suspension cultures. Alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral particles in the cell sheet increased further after osteogenic induction. Moreover, calcium and phosphorus were present only in the osteogenic cell sheet, along with the common elements carbon, oxygen, chlorine, sodium, and sulfur, as indicated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. In a mouse model, the CSF-HA complex was injected subcutaneously. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that the osteogenic CSF-HA complex led to a considerably higher bone volume than the BMSC-HA or CSF-HA complex. The osteogenic CSF-HA specimens showed increased angiogenesis and deposition of type I collagen compared with the non-osteogenic CSF-HA or BMSC-HA specimens. Moreover, the osteogenic CSF-HA markedly improved bone consolidation and increased bone mass in DO rabbits. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the incorporation of osteogenic BMSC sheets into HA particles greatly promoted bone regeneration, which offers therapeutic alternatives for DO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Ma
- Attending Physician, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, No. 3 Hospital of PLA, Baoji, China
| | - Jin-Long Zhao
- Associate Professor, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Mao
- Associate Chief Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, No. 3 Hospital of PLA, Baoji, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Attending Physician, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Dong
- Attending Physician, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan-Pu Liu
- Professor, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Plouffe BD, Murthy SK, Lewis LH. Fundamentals and application of magnetic particles in cell isolation and enrichment: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2015; 78:016601. [PMID: 25471081 PMCID: PMC4310825 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/1/016601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic sorting using magnetic beads has become a routine methodology for the separation of key cell populations from biological suspensions. Due to the inherent ability of magnets to provide forces at a distance, magnetic cell manipulation is now a standardized process step in numerous processes in tissue engineering, medicine, and in fundamental biological research. Herein we review the current status of magnetic particles to enable isolation and separation of cells, with a strong focus on the fundamental governing physical phenomena, properties and syntheses of magnetic particles and on current applications of magnet-based cell separation in laboratory and clinical settings. We highlight the contribution of cell separation to biomedical research and medicine and detail modern cell-separation methods (both magnetic and non-magnetic). In addition to a review of the current state-of-the-art in magnet-based cell sorting, we discuss current challenges and available opportunities for further research, development and commercialization of magnetic particle-based cell-separation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Plouffe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. The Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhu J, Shang J, Jia Y, Pei R, Stojanovic M, Lin Q. Spatially selective release of aptamer-captured cells by temperature mediation. IET Nanobiotechnol 2014; 8:2-9. [PMID: 24888185 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2013.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of cells from heterogeneous biological samples is critical in both basic biological research and clinical diagnostics. Affinity-based methods, such as those that recognise cells by binding antibodies to cell membrane biomarkers, can be used to achieve specific cell isolation. Microfluidic techniques have been employed to achieve more efficient and effective cell isolation. By employing aptamers as surface-immobilised ligands, cells can be easily released and collected after specific capture. However, these methods still have limitations in cell release efficiency and spatial selectivity. This study presents an aptamer-based microfluidic device that not only achieves specific affinity cell capture, but also enables spatially selective temperature-mediated release and retrieval of cells without detectable damage. The specific cell capture is realised by using surface-patterned aptamers in a microchamber on a temperature-control chip. Spatially selective cell release is achieved by utilising a group of microheater and temperature sensor that restricts temperature changes, and therefore the disruption of cell-aptamer interactions, to a design-specified region. Experimental results with CCRF-CEM cells and sgc8c aptamers have demonstrated the specific cell capture and temperature-mediated release of selected groups of cells with negligible disruption to their viability.
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Tasoglu S, Gurkan UA, Wang S, Demirci U. Manipulating biological agents and cells in micro-scale volumes for applications in medicine. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5788-808. [PMID: 23575660 PMCID: PMC3865707 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60042d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological advances provide new tools to manipulate cells and biological agents in micro/nano-liter volumes. With precise control over small volumes, the cell microenvironment and other biological agents can be bioengineered; interactions between cells and external stimuli can be monitored; and the fundamental mechanisms such as cancer metastasis and stem cell differentiation can be elucidated. Technological advances based on the principles of electrical, magnetic, chemical, optical, acoustic, and mechanical forces lead to novel applications in point-of-care diagnostics, regenerative medicine, in vitro drug testing, cryopreservation, and cell isolation/purification. In this review, we first focus on the underlying mechanisms of emerging examples for cell manipulation in small volumes targeting applications such as tissue engineering. Then, we illustrate how these mechanisms impact the aforementioned biomedical applications, discuss the associated challenges, and provide perspectives for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas Tasoglu
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Umut Atakan Gurkan
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - ShuQi Wang
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Pierna M, Santos M, Arias FJ, Alonso M, Rodríguez-Cabello JC. Efficient cell and cell-sheet harvesting based on smart surfaces coated with a multifunctional and self-organizing elastin-like recombinamer. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1893-903. [PMID: 23614455 DOI: 10.1021/bm400268v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of smart surfaces with novel properties relevant for biomedical applications have been developed recently. Herein we focus on thermoresponsive surfaces that switch between cell-adherent and nonadherent states and their applications for cell harvesting. These smart surfaces are obtained by covalently coupling a tailored elastin-like recombinamer onto glass surfaces by means of the well-known and widely applied Click Chemistry methodology. The resulting recombinamer-functionalized surfaces have been characterized by means of water contact angle measurements, XPS and TOF-SIMS. A cell-based analysis of these surfaces with human fibroblasts showed a high degree of adhesion to the surface in its adherent state (37 °C), thus, promoting cell viability and proliferation. A temperature decrease triggers reorganization of the recombinamer, thus, markedly increasing the number of nonadherent domains and masking the adherent ones. This process allows a specific and efficient temporal control of cell adhesion and cell detachment. After determination of the properties required for a suitable cell-harvesting system, optimization of the process allows single cells or cell sheets from at least two types of cells (HFF-1 and ADSCs) to be rapidly harvested.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pierna
- Bioforge Group, University of Valladolid , CIBER-BBN Paseo de Belén 11, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Zhang Z, Li S, Chen N, Yang C, Wang Y. Programmable display of DNA-protein chimeras for controlling cell-hydrogel interactions via reversible intermolecular hybridization. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1174-80. [PMID: 23452302 DOI: 10.1021/bm400096z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies have been recently carried out to achieve dynamic control of cell-material interactions primarily through physicochemical stimulation. The purpose of this study was to apply reversible intermolecular hybridization to program cell-hydrogel interactions in physiological conditions based on DNA-antibody chimeras and complementary oligonucleotides. The results showed that DNA oligonucleotides could be captured to and released from the immobilizing DNA-functionalized hydrogels with high specificity via DNA hybridization. Accordingly, DNA-antibody chimeras were captured to the hydrogels, successfully inducing specific cell attachment. The cell attachment to the hydrogels reached the plateau at approximately half an hour after the functionalized hydrogels and the cells were incubated together. The attached cells were rapidly released from the bound hydrogels when triggering complementary oligonucleotides were introduced to the system. However, the capability of the triggering complementary oligonucleotides in releasing cells was affected by the length of intermolecular hybridization. The length needed to be at least more than 20 base pairs in the current experimental setting. Notably, because the procedure of intermolecular hybridization did not involve any harsh condition, the released cells maintained the same viability as that of the cultured cells. The functionalized hydrogels also exhibited the potential to catch and release cells repeatedly. Therefore, this study demonstrates that it is promising to regulate cell-material interactions dynamically through the DNA-programmed display of DNA-protein chimeras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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Zhu J, Nguyen T, Pei R, Stojanovic M, Lin Q. Specific capture and temperature-mediated release of cells in an aptamer-based microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:3504-13. [PMID: 22854859 PMCID: PMC3976991 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40411g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of cells from heterogeneous mixtures is critically important in both basic cell biology studies and clinical diagnostics. Cell isolation can be realized based on physical properties such as size, density and electrical properties. Alternatively, affinity binding of target cells by surface-immobilized ligands, such as antibodies, can be used to achieve specific cell isolation. Microfluidics technology has recently been used in conjunction with antibody-based affinity isolation methods to capture, purify and isolate cells with higher yield rates, better efficiencies and lower costs. However, a method that allows easy release and collection of live cells from affinity surfaces for subsequent analysis and detection has yet to be developed. This paper presents a microfluidic device that not only achieves specific affinity capture and enrichment, but also enables non-destructive, temperature-mediated release and retrieval of cells. Specific cell capture is achieved using surface-immobilized aptamers in a microchamber. Release of the captured cells is realized by a moderate temperature change, effected via integrated heaters and a temperature sensor, to reversibly disrupt the cell-aptamer interaction. Experimental results with CCRF-CEM cells have demonstrated that the device is capable of specific capture and temperature-mediated release of cells, that the released cells remain viable and that the aptamer-functionalized surface is regenerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027
| | - ThaiHuu Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027
| | - Renjun Pei
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Milan Stojanovic
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027
- ; Tel: +1 212 854 1906
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Nash ME, Healy D, Carroll WM, Elvira C, Rochev YA. Cell and cell sheet recovery from pNIPAm coatings; motivation and history to present day approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm31748f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Gurkan UA, Anand T, Tas H, Elkan D, Akay A, Keles HO, Demirci U. Controlled viable release of selectively captured label-free cells in microchannels. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3979-89. [PMID: 22002065 PMCID: PMC3814023 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20487d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Selective capture of cells from bodily fluids in microchannels has broadly transformed medicine enabling circulating tumor cell isolation, rapid CD4(+) cell counting for HIV monitoring, and diagnosis of infectious diseases. Although cell capture methods have been demonstrated in microfluidic systems, the release of captured cells remains a significant challenge. Viable retrieval of captured label-free cells in microchannels will enable a new era in biological sciences by allowing cultivation and post-processing. The significant challenge in release comes from the fact that the cells adhere strongly to the microchannel surface, especially when immuno-based immobilization methods are used. Even though fluid shear and enzymes have been used to detach captured cells in microchannels, these methods are known to harm cells and affect cellular characteristics. This paper describes a new technology to release the selectively captured label-free cells in microchannels without the use of fluid shear or enzymes. We have successfully released the captured CD4(+) cells (3.6% of the mononuclear blood cells) from blood in microfluidic channels with high specificity (89% ± 8%), viability (94% ± 4%), and release efficiency (59% ± 4%). We have further validated our system by specifically capturing and controllably releasing the CD34(+) stem cells from whole blood, which were quantified to be 19 cells per million blood cells in the blood samples used in this study. Our results also indicated that both CD4(+) and CD34(+) cells released from the microchannels were healthy and amenable for in vitro culture. Manual flow based microfluidic method utilizes inexpensive, easy to fabricate microchannels allowing selective label-free cell capture and release in less than 10 minutes, which can also be used at the point-of-care. The presented technology can be used to isolate and purify a broad spectrum of cells from mixed populations offering widespread applications in applied biological sciences, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, rare cell and stem cell isolation, proteomic/genomic research, and clonal/population analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Atakan Gurkan
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tarini Anand
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huseyin Tas
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Elkan
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Altug Akay
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hasan Onur Keles
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St PRB, Rm. 267, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Lectin-mediated microfluidic capture and release of leukemic lymphocytes from whole blood. Biomed Microdevices 2011; 13:565-71. [PMID: 21455756 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are a group of proteins that bind specifically and reversibly to mono- and oligosaccharide carbohydrate structures that are present on the surfaces of mammalian cells. The use of lectins as capture agents in microfluidic channels was examined with a focus on cells associated with T and B lymphocytic leukemia. In addition to examining the adhesion of Jurkat T and Raji B lymphocytes to a broad panel of lectins, this work also examined the capture of these cells from whole blood. Captured T and B lymphocytes were eluted from the microfluidic devices with a solution of the lectin's inhibiting sugar. The capture and release steps were accomplished in under 1 h. The significance of this work lies within the realm of low-cost capture of abundant target cells with non-stimulatory elution capability.
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Derivation, characterization and expansion of fetal chondrocytes on different microcarriers. Cytotechnology 2011; 63:633-43. [PMID: 21837435 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-011-9380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal chondrocytes (FCs) have recently been identified as an alternative cell source for cartilage tissue engineering applications because of their partially chondrogenically differentiated phenotype and developmental plasticity. In this study, chondrocytes derived from fetal bovine cartilage were characterized and then cultured on commercially available Cytodex-1 and Biosilon microcarriers and thermosensitive poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate)-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PHEMA-PNIPAAm) beads produced by us. Growth kinetics of FCs were estimated by means of specific growth rate and metabolic activity assay. Cell detachment from thermosensitive microcarriers was induced by cold treatment at 4 °C for 20 min or enzymatic treatment was applied for the detachment of cells from Cytodex-1 and Biosilon. Although attachment efficiency and proliferation of FCs on PHEMA-PNIPAAm beads were lower than that of commercial Cytodex-1 and Biosilon microcarriers, these beads also supported growth of FCs. Detached cells from thermosensitive beads by cold induction exhibited a normal proliferative activity. Our results indicated that Cytodex-1 microcarrier was the most suitable material for the production of FCs in high capacity, however, 'thermosensitive microcarrier model' could be considered as an attractive solution to the process scale up for cartilage tissue engineering by improving surface characteristics of PHEMA-PNIPAAm beads.
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Hatch A, Hansmann G, Murthy SK. Engineered alginate hydrogels for effective microfluidic capture and release of endothelial progenitor cells from whole blood. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:4257-64. [PMID: 21401041 PMCID: PMC3086588 DOI: 10.1021/la105016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic adhesion-based cell separation systems are of interest in clinical and biological applications where small sample volumes must be processed efficiently and rapidly. While the ability to capture rare cells from complex suspensions such as blood using microfluidic systems has been demonstrated, few methods exist for rapid and nondestructive release of the bound cells. Such detachment is critical for applications in tissue engineering and cell-based therapeutics in contrast with diagnostics wherein immunohistochemical, proteomic, and genomic analyses can be carried out by simply lysing captured cells. This paper demonstrates how the incorporation of four-arm amine-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules along with antibodies within alginate hydrogels can enhance the ability of the hydrogels to capture endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from whole human blood. The hydrogel coatings are applied conformally onto pillar structures within microfluidic channels and their dissolution with a chelator allows for effective recovery of EPCs following capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hatch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Georg Hansmann
- Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Shashi K. Murthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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See EYS, Toh SL, Goh JCH. Multilineage potential of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell cell sheets: implications for tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:1421-31. [PMID: 19951089 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a promising source of cells for tissue engineering due to their multilineage mesenchymal differentiation potential. Their ability to proliferate and differentiate into the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineage makes them an attractive cell source as compared to the terminally differentiated cells. In tissue engineering, use of cell sheet technology is gaining popularity. It is based on culturing cells until hyperconfluence, and it has resulted in the reduction of the number of cells lost when seeding onto scaffolds. Thus, formation of cell sheets with multipotent cells, such as BMSCs, would be a promising alternative to the conventional method of cell seeding, that is, single-cell suspension. However, the multilineage potential of BMSC cell sheets has yet to be verified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the formation of a hyperconfluent BMSC cell sheet as well as the effects of the hyperconfluent culture conditions on the multipotentiality of BMSCs. Our results showed that the BMSC cell sheets remained viable. The cell sheets were rich with type I collagen and were shown to have retained their multipotentiality. Hence, the use of BMSC cell sheets for tissue engineering application seems promising.
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Synchrotron-based FTIR spectra of stained single cells. Towards a clinical application in pathology. J Transl Med 2010; 90:797-807. [PMID: 20125083 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, FTIR spectroscopy has become a potential analytical method in tissue and cell studies for cancer diagnosis. This has opened a way towards clinical applications such as a tool that would scan samples to assess the presence or absence of malignant cells in biopsies, or as an aid to help pathologists to better characterise those cells that are suspicious but not diagnostic for cancer. The latter application has the problem that in order to assess these cells pathologists would have already dealt with stained samples. Therefore, it is important to understand how staining would affect the spectra of cells. To this purpose, we have conducted this study in order to clarify, first, how haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Papanicolau (Pap) stainings affect the spectra of single cells and, second, whether FTIR spectroscopy could differentiate between stained lung cancer cells and their normal counterparts. Furthermore, different cell preparations (cytospin, and smear) used in cytological diagnosis were assessed. Experiments performed using a bright infrared (IR) source (synchrotron) showed that both H&E and Pap staining induced marked changes in the lipid and amide-II band regions. Despite this, FTIR spectroscopy of already stained cells is capable of differentiating between lung cancer cells and their normal counterparts. The clinical applications of this methodology are discussed.
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Plouffe BD, Brown MA, Iyer RK, Radisic M, Murthy SK. Controlled capture and release of cardiac fibroblasts using peptide-functionalized alginate gels in microfluidic channels. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:1507-10. [PMID: 19458855 DOI: 10.1039/b823523f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of peptide-functionalized hydrogels in combination with a divalent chelator offers an effective methodology for capture and release of cells within microfluidic channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Plouffe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Kohler A, Sulé-Suso J, Sockalingum GD, Tobin M, Bahrami F, Yang Y, Pijanka J, Dumas P, Cotte M, van Pittius DG, Parkes G, Martens H. Estimating and correcting mie scattering in synchrotron-based microscopic fourier transform infrared spectra by extended multiplicative signal correction. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 62:259-266. [PMID: 18339231 DOI: 10.1366/000370208783759669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present an approach for estimating and correcting Mie scattering occurring in infrared spectra of single cells, at diffraction limited probe size, as in synchrotron based microscopy. The Mie scattering is modeled by extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) and subtracted from the vibrational absorption. Because the Mie scattering depends non-linearly on alpha, the product of the radius and the refractive index of the medium/sphere causing it, a new method was developed for estimating the Mie scattering by EMSC for unknown radius and refractive index of the Mie scatterer. The theoretically expected Mie contributions for a range of different alpha values were computed according to the formulae developed by Van de Hulst (1957). The many simulated spectra were then summarized by a six-dimensional subspace model by principal component analysis (PCA). This subspace model was used in EMSC to estimate and correct for Mie scattering, as well as other additive and multiplicative interference effects. The approach was applied to a set of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) absorbance spectra measured for individual lung cancer cells in order to remove unwanted interferences and to estimate ranges of important alpha values for each spectrum. The results indicate that several cell components may contribute to the Mie scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kohler
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and Data Modelling, Norwegian Food Research Institute, Matforsk, Osloveien 1, 1430 As, Norway.
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Canavan HE, Cheng X, Graham DJ, Ratner BD, Castner DG. Cell sheet detachment affects the extracellular matrix: A surface science study comparing thermal liftoff, enzymatic, and mechanical methods. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005; 75:1-13. [PMID: 16086418 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This work compares the removal of bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) monolayers via 1) low-temperature liftoff from a "smart polymer," plasma polymerized poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (ppNIPAM), 2) enzymatic digestion, and 3) mechanical dissociation from ppNIPAM surfaces. We examine the surfaces after cell removal by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), immunostaining, and cell adhesion assay. Immunoassay results indicate that low-temperature liftoff nondestructively harvests the cell sheet and most of the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM), whereas enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation are damaging to both the cells and ECM. XPS results indicate that amide and alcohol groups attributed to proteins in the ECM are present on postliftoff surfaces. Principal component analysis (PCA) of ToF-SIMS data indicates that molecular ion fragments of amino acids are present on postliftoff surfaces. Finally, a cell adhesion assay seeding new cells on surfaces from which an initial layer of cells was removed via each of the three methods indicates that liftoff and mechanical dissociation leave behind surfaces that better promote cell adhesion. We conclude that the removal of BAEC cells via low-temperature liftoff from ppNIPAM-treated surfaces is less damaging to the ECM proteins remaining at the surface than the other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Canavan
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Box 351750, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Fujioka N, Morimoto Y, Arai T, Kikuchi M. Discrimination between normal and malignant human gastric tissues by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 28:32-6. [PMID: 15041075 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2003.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2003] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether malignant and normal human gastric tissues can be distinguished by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Compared with normal tissue, malignant tissues showed significant increases in infrared (IR) absorption in 10 bands lying in a region of 925-1660 cm(-1). Using the 10 IR absorption bands as markers, discriminant analysis was carried out for tissue discrimination. As a result, 22 out of the 23 gastric cancer samples and 9 out of the 12 gastric normal samples were correctly segregated, yielding 88.6% accuracy. The present results suggest that FTIR spectroscopy is a useful tool for screening gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Fujioka
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
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