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Neijnens FK, Moreira H, de Jonge MMJ, Linssen BBHP, Huijbregts MAJ, Geerling GW, Schipper AM. Effects of nutrient enrichment on freshwater macrophyte and invertebrate abundance: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17094. [PMID: 38273479 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
External nutrient loading can cause large changes in freshwater ecosystems. Many local field and laboratory experiments have investigated ecological responses to nutrient addition. However, these findings are difficult to generalize, as the responses observed may depend on the local context and the resulting nutrient concentrations in the receiving water bodies. In this research, we combined and analysed data from 131 experimental studies containing 3054 treatment-control abundance ratios to assess the responses of freshwater taxa along a gradient of elevated nutrient concentrations. We carried out a systematic literature search in order to identify studies that report the abundance of invertebrate, macrophyte, and fish taxa in relation to the addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, or both. Next, we established mixed-effect meta-regression models to relate the biotic responses to the concentration gradients of both nutrients. We quantified the responses based on various abundance-based metrics. We found no responses to the mere addition of nutrients, apart from an overall increase of total invertebrate abundance. However, when we considered the gradients of N and P enrichment, we found responses to both nutrients for all abundance metrics. Abundance tended to increase at low levels of N enrichment, yet decreased at the high end of the concentration gradient (1-10 mg/L, depending on the P concentration). Responses to increasing P concentrations were mostly positive. For fish, we found too few data to perform a meaningful analysis. The results of our research highlight the need to consider the level of nutrient enrichment rather than the mere addition of nutrients in order to better understand broad-scale responses of freshwater biota to eutrophication, as a key step to identify effective conservation strategies for freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris K Neijnens
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Hadassa Moreira
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melinda M J de Jonge
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart B H P Linssen
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan W Geerling
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Aafke M Schipper
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands
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2
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Krol L, Blom R, Dellar M, van der Beek JG, Stroo AC, van Bodegom PM, Geerling GW, Koenraadt CJ, Schrama M. Interactive effects of climate, land use and soil type on Culex pipiens/torrentium abundance. One Health 2023; 17:100589. [PMID: 37415720 PMCID: PMC10320611 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and risk of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks in Northwestern Europe has increased over the last few decades. Understanding the underlying environmental drivers of mosquito population dynamics helps to adequately assess mosquito-borne disease risk. While previous studies have focussed primarily on the effects of climatic conditions (i.e., temperature and precipitation) and/or local environmental conditions individually, it remains unclear how climatic conditions interact with local environmental factors such as land use and soil type, and how these subsequently affect mosquito abundance. Here, we set out to study the interactive effects of land use, soil type and climatic conditions on the abundance of Culex pipiens/torrentium, highly abundant vectors of West Nile virus and Usutu virus. Mosquitoes were sampled at 14 sites throughout the Netherlands. At each site, weekly mosquito collections were carried out between early July and mid-October 2020 and 2021. To assess the effect of the aforementioned environmental factors, we performed a series of generalized linear mixed models and non-parametric statistical tests. Our results show that mosquito abundance and species richness consistently differ among land use- and soil types, with peri-urban areas with peat/clay soils having the highest Cx. pipiens/torrentium abundance and sandy rural areas having the lowest. Furthermore, we observed differences in precipitation-mediated effects on Cx. pipiens/torrentium abundance between (peri-)urban and other land uses and soil types. In contrast, effects of temperature on Cx. pipiens/torrentium abundance remain similar between different land use and soil types. Our study highlights the importance of both land use and soil type in conjunction with climatic conditions for understanding mosquito abundances. Particularly in relation to rainfall events, land use and soil type has a marked effect on mosquito abundance. These findings underscore the importance of local environmental parameters for studies focusing on predicting or mitigating disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louie Krol
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, the Netherlands
- Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rody Blom
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martha Dellar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, the Netherlands
- Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Arjan C.J. Stroo
- Centre for Monitoring of Vectors, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gertjan W. Geerling
- Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten Schrama
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, the Netherlands
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3
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Moser SK, Barnard M, Frantz RM, Spencer JA, Rodarte KA, Crooker IK, Bartlow AW, Romero-Severson E, Manore CA. Scoping review of Culex mosquito life history trait heterogeneity in response to temperature. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:200. [PMID: 37316915 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05792-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes in the genus Culex are primary vectors in the US for West Nile virus (WNV) and other arboviruses. Climatic drivers such as temperature have differential effects on species-specific changes in mosquito range, distribution, and abundance, posing challenges for population modeling, disease forecasting, and subsequent public health decisions. Understanding these differences in underlying biological dynamics is crucial in the face of climate change. METHODS We collected empirical data on thermal response for immature development rate, egg viability, oviposition, survival to adulthood, and adult lifespan for Culex pipiens, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tarsalis, and Cx. restuans from existing literature according to the PRISMA scoping review guidelines. RESULTS We observed linear relationships with temperature for development rate and lifespan, and nonlinear relationships for survival and egg viability, with underlying variation between species. Optimal ranges and critical minima and maxima also appeared varied. To illustrate how model output can change with experimental input data from individual Culex species, we applied a modified equation for temperature-dependent mosquito type reproduction number for endemic spread of WNV among mosquitoes and observed different effects. CONCLUSIONS Current models often input theoretical parameters estimated from a single vector species; we show the need to implement the real-world heterogeneity in thermal response between species and present a useful data resource for researchers working toward that goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kane Moser
- Genomics and Bioanalytics (B-GEN), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Martha Barnard
- Information Systems and Modeling (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rachel M Frantz
- Information Systems and Modeling (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Julie A Spencer
- Information Systems and Modeling (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Katie A Rodarte
- Genomics and Bioanalytics (B-GEN), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Isabel K Crooker
- Information Systems and Modeling (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Andrew W Bartlow
- Genomics and Bioanalytics (B-GEN), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Ethan Romero-Severson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Carrie A Manore
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
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Boerlijst SP, Johnston ES, Ummels A, Krol L, Boelee E, van Bodegom PM, Schrama MJJ. Biting the hand that feeds: Anthropogenic drivers interactively make mosquitoes thrive. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159716. [PMID: 36302419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic stressors on the environment are increasing at unprecedented rates and include urbanization, nutrient pollution, water management, altered land use and climate change. Their effects on disease vectors are poorly understood. A series of full factorial experiments investigated how key human induced abiotic pressures, and interactions between these, affect population parameters of the cosmopolitan disease vector, Culex pipiens s.l. Selected pressures include eutrophication, salinity, mean temperature, and temperature fluctuation. Data were collected for each individual pressure and for potential interactions between eutrophication, salinization and temperature. All experiments assessed survival, time to pupation, time to emergence, sex-ratio and ovipositioning behavior. The results show that stressors affect vector survival, may speed up development and alter female to male ratio, although large differences between stressors exist to quite different extents. While positive effects of increasing levels of eutrophication on survival were consistent, negative effects of salinity on survival were only apparent at higher temperatures, thus indicating a strong interaction effect between salinization and temperature. Temperature had no independent effect on larval survival. Overall, increasing eutrophication and temperatures, and the fluctuations thereof, lowered development rate, time to pupation and time to emergence while increasing levels of salinity increased development time. Higher levels of eutrophication positively impacted egg-laying behavior; the reverse was found for salinity while no effects of temperature on egg-laying behavior were observed. Results suggest large and positive impacts of anthropogenically induced habitat alterations on mosquito population dynamics. Many of these effects are exacerbated by increasing temperatures and fluctuations therein. In a world where eutrophication and salinization are increasingly abundant, mosquitoes are likely important benefactors. Ultimately, this study illustrates the importance of including multiple and combined stressors in predictive models as well as in prevention and mitigation strategies, particularly because they resonate with possible, but yet underdeveloped action plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Boerlijst
- Center for Environmental Research Leiden, Department of Environmental biology, University of Leiden, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, the Netherlands; Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, 3584 BK Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - E S Johnston
- University of Utrecht, Department Population Health Sciences, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A Ummels
- Center for Environmental Research Leiden, Department of Environmental biology, University of Leiden, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - L Krol
- Center for Environmental Research Leiden, Department of Environmental biology, University of Leiden, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, the Netherlands; Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, 3584 BK Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - E Boelee
- Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, 3584 BK Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P M van Bodegom
- Center for Environmental Research Leiden, Department of Environmental biology, University of Leiden, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M J J Schrama
- Center for Environmental Research Leiden, Department of Environmental biology, University of Leiden, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, the Netherlands
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5
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Stanković N, Jovanović B, Kokić IK, Piperac MS, Simeunović J, Jakimov D, Dimkić I, Milošević D. Toxic effects of a cyanobacterial strain on Chironomus riparius larvae in a multistress environment. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 253:106321. [PMID: 36308821 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and their toxic metabolites present a global threat to water habitats, but their impact on aquatic organisms in a multistress environment has been poorly investigated. Here we present the results of a survey on the effects of the toxic cyanobacterial strain Trichormus variabilis (heterotypic synonym Anabaena variabilis), and its toxic metabolite, cyanotoxin microcystin-LR, on Chironomus riparius larvae in a multistress environment. An environmentally relevant concentration of microcystin-LR (0.01 mg/L) caused an increase in larvae mortality in an acute toxicity test, which became greater in the presence of environmental stressors (NO3-, NH4+, PO43- and Cd2+), pointing to an additive effect of these agents. Chronic exposure of C. riparius larvae to the microcystin-LR producing strain of T. variabilis in a multistress environment led to a reduction in the larval mass and hemoglobin concentration, and it induced DNA damage in larval somatic cells. The results revealed the additive effect of microcystin-LR in combination with all three tested stressors (NO3-, NH4+, PO43-), and the deleterious effect of chronic exposure of C. riparius larvae to the microcystin-LR producing T. variabilis in a multistress environment. However, the present study further emphasizes the importance of investigating interactions between stressors and cyanotoxins, and their effect on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Stanković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
| | - Boris Jovanović
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ivana Kostić Kokić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milica Stojković Piperac
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Jelica Simeunović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dimitar Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Ivica Dimkić
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Studentski Trg 16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djuradj Milošević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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6
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Kroth N, Rezende R, Dal Magro J, Albeny‐Simões D. Top‐down effects on aquatic communities in subtropical lentic microhabitats. AUSTRAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Kroth
- Laboratório de Entomologia Ecológica, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Ambientais Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó Servidão Anjo da Guarda, n° 295‐D, Bairro Efapi Chapecó Brazil
| | - Renan Rezende
- Laboratório de Entomologia Ecológica, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Ambientais Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó Servidão Anjo da Guarda, n° 295‐D, Bairro Efapi Chapecó Brazil
| | - Jacir Dal Magro
- Laboratório de Entomologia Ecológica, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Ambientais Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó Servidão Anjo da Guarda, n° 295‐D, Bairro Efapi Chapecó Brazil
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7
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Agyekum TP, Arko-Mensah J, Botwe PK, Hogarh JN, Issah I, Dwomoh D, Billah MK, Dadzie SK, Robins TG, Fobil JN. Effects of elevated temperatures on the development of immature stages of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes. Trop Med Int Health 2022; 27:338-346. [PMID: 35146843 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of temperature on the development of the immature stages of An. gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes. METHODS Mosquito eggs were obtained from laboratory established colonies and reared under eight temperature regimes (25, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40 °C), and 80 ± 10% relative humidity. Larvae were checked daily for development to the next stage and for mortality. Pupation success, number of adults produced, and sex ratio of the newly emerged adults were recorded. Larval survival was monitored every 24 hours, and data were analyzed using Kaplan Meier survival analysis. Analysis of variance was used where data followed normal distribution, and a Kruskal-Wallis test where data were not normally distributed. Larval and pupal measurements were log-transformed and analyzed using ordinary least square regression with robust standard errors. RESULTS Increasing the temperature from 25 to 36 °C decreased the development time by 10.57 days. Larval survival (X2 (6) = 5353.12, P < 0.001) and the number of adults produced (X2 (5) = 28.16, P < 0.001) decreased with increasing temperature. Increasing temperatures also resulted in significantly smaller larvae and pupae (P < 0.001). At higher temperatures disproportionately more male than female mosquitoes were produced. CONCLUSIONS Increased temperature affected different developmental stages in the life cycle of An. gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes, from larval to adult emergence. This study contributes to the knowledge on the relationship between temperature and Anopheles mosquitoes and provides useful information for modelling vector population dynamics in the light of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Agyekum
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Paul K Botwe
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jonathan N Hogarh
- Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ibrahim Issah
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Duah Dwomoh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Maxwell K Billah
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel K Dadzie
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Thomas G Robins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Julius N Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
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8
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Dellar M, Boerlijst SP, Holmes D. Improving estimations of life history parameters of small animals in mesocosm experiments: A case study on mosquitoes. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Dellar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Leiden Leiden Netherlands
- Deltares Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Sam P. Boerlijst
- Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Leiden Leiden Netherlands
| | - David Holmes
- Mathematical Institute University of Leiden RA Leiden Netherlands
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Strauss AT, Henning JA, Porath‐Krause A, Asmus AL, Shaw AK, Borer ET, Seabloom EW. Vector demography, dispersal and the spread of disease: Experimental epidemics under elevated resource supply. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Strauss
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Jeremiah A. Henning
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Anita Porath‐Krause
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Ashley L. Asmus
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Allison K. Shaw
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
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10
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Buxton M, Machekano H, Gotcha N, Nyamukondiwa C, Wasserman RJ. Are Vulnerable Communities Thoroughly Informed on Mosquito Bio-Ecology and Burden? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218196. [PMID: 33171954 PMCID: PMC7672552 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes account for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite evidence of (1) imminent anthropogenic climate and environmental changes, (2) vector-pathogen spatio-temporal dynamics and (3) emerging and re-emerging mosquito borne infections, public knowledge on mosquito bio-ecology remain scant. In particular, knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) on mosquitoes are often neglected despite otherwise expensive remedial efforts against consequent infections and other indirect effects associated with disease burden. To gather baseline KAPs that identify gaps for optimising vector-borne disease control, we surveyed communities across endemic and non-endemic malaria sub-districts (Botswana). The study revealed limited knowledge of mosquitoes and their infections uniformly across endemic and non-endemic areas. In addition, a significant proportion of respondents were concerned about mosquito burdens, although their level of personal, indoor and environmental protection practices varied significantly across sub-districts. Given the limited knowledge displayed by the communities, this study facilitates bridging KAP gaps to minimise disease burdens by strengthening public education. Furthermore, it provides a baseline for future studies in mosquito bio-ecology and desirable control practices across differential spheres of the rural–urban lifestyle, with implications for enhanced livelihoods as a consequence of improved public health.
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11
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Krol L, Van der Hoorn B, Gorsich EE, Trimbos K, Bodegom PMV, Schrama M. How Does eDNA Compare to Traditional Trapping? Detecting Mosquito Communities in South-African Freshwater Ponds. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Chao S, Zhu D, Dixon D, Khater E, Xue RD. Diel activity patterns of adult female mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) determined by a novel rotated trap in northeastern Florida, U.S.A. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2019; 44:149-153. [PMID: 31124234 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel rotator trap was evaluated to determine the diel activity patterns and physiological state of adult female mosquitoes in St. Augustine, FL, U.S.A. Culex nigripalpus were most active from 19:00-21:00, followed by 1:00-3:00, based on collections from the novel rotator trap. Furthermore, analysis of the physiological state of female mosquitoes collected by the novel rotator trap suggested that non-parous (nulliparous) host-seeking mosquitoes were more frequently active in the 21:00-23:00 and 09:00-19:00 time frames. Parous host-seeking mosquitoes were more frequently collected from 19:00-21:00 and 1:00-3:00. A low abundance of gravid females was collected by the rotator trap, so analysis of their activity periods was inconclusive. These results indicate that the novel rotated trap could be used to detect the diel activity patterns of adult mosquitoes in mosquito control programs and more testing should be conducted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chao
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Ding Zhu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Daniel Dixon
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District 120 EOC Drive, St. Augustine, FL 32092, U.S.A
| | - Emad Khater
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassiah, 1156, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rui-De Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District 120 EOC Drive, St. Augustine, FL 32092, U.S.A
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13
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Krol L, Gorsich EE, Hunting ER, Govender D, van Bodegom PM, Schrama M. Eutrophication governs predator-prey interactions and temperature effects in Aedes aegypti populations. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:179. [PMID: 31014388 PMCID: PMC6480876 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mosquito population dynamics are driven by large-scale (e.g. climatological) and small-scale (e.g. ecological) factors. While these factors are known to independently influence mosquito populations, it remains uncertain how drivers that simultaneously operate under natural conditions interact to influence mosquito populations. We, therefore, developed a well-controlled outdoor experiment to assess the interactive effects of two ecological drivers, predation and nutrient availability, on mosquito life history traits under multiple temperature regimes. Methods We conducted a temperature-controlled mesocosm experiment in Kruger National Park, South Africa, with the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. We investigated how larval survival, emergence and development rates were impacted by the presence of a locally-common invertebrate predator (backswimmers Anisops varia Fieber (Notonectidae: Hemiptera), nutrient availability (oligotrophic vs eutrophic, reflecting field conditions), water temperature, and interactions between each driver. Results We observed that the effects of predation and temperature both depended on eutrophication. Predation caused lower adult emergence in oligotrophic conditions but higher emergence under eutrophic conditions. Higher temperatures caused faster larval development rates in eutrophic but not oligotrophic conditions. Conclusions Our study shows that ecological bottom-up and top-down drivers strongly and interactively govern mosquito life history traits for Ae. aegypti populations. Specifically, we show that eutrophication can inversely affect predator–prey interactions and mediate the effect of temperature on mosquito survival and development rates. Hence, our results suggest that nutrient pollution can overrule biological constraints on natural mosquito populations and highlights the importance of studying multiple factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3431-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louie Krol
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erin E Gorsich
- The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Ellard R Hunting
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Danny Govender
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Scientific Services Kruger National Park, Skukuza, South Africa
| | - Peter M van Bodegom
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Schrama
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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