1
|
Binobaid L, As Sobeai HM, Alhazzani K, AlAbdi L, Alwazae MM, Alotaibi M, Parrington J, Alhoshani A. Whole-exome sequencing identifies cancer-associated variants of the endo-lysosomal ion transport channels in the Saudi population. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101961. [PMID: 38313820 PMCID: PMC10832475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.101961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although national efforts are underway to document the genomic variability of the Saudi population relative to other populations, such variability remains largely unexplored. Genetic variability is known to impact the fate of cells and increase or decrease the risk of a variety of complex diseases including cancer forms. Therefore, the identification of variants associated with cancer susceptibility in Saudi population may protect individuals from cancer or aid in patient-tailored therapies. The endo-lysosomal ion transport genes responsible for cationic ion homeostasis within the cell. We screened 703 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the endo-lysosomal ion transporter genes in the Saudi population and identified cancer-associated variants that have been reported in other populations. Methods Utilizing previously derived local data of Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES), we examined SNPs of TPCN1, TPCN2, P2RX4, TRPM7, TRPV4, TRPV4, and TRPV6 genes. The SNPs were identified for those genes by our in-house database. We predicted the pathogenicity of these variants using in silico tools CADD, Polyphen-2, SIFT, PrimateAI, and FATHMM-XF. Then, we validated our findings by exploring the genetics database (VarSome, dbSNP NCB, OMIM, ClinVar, Ensembl, and GWAS Catalog) to further link cancer risk. Results The WES database yielded 703 SNPs found in TPCN2, P2RX4, TRPM7, TRPV4, and TRPV6 genes in 1,144 subjects. The number of variants that were found to be common in our population was 150 SNPs. We identified 13 coding-region non-synonymous variants of the endo-lysosomal genes that were most common with a minor allele frequency (MAF) of ≥ 1 %. Twelve of these variants are rs2376558, rs3750965, rs61746574, rs35264875, rs3829241, rs72928978, rs25644, rs8042919, rs17881456, rs4987682, rs4987667, and rs4987657 that were classified as cancer-associated genes. Conclusion Our study highlighted cancer-associated SNPs in the endo-lysosomal genes among Saudi individuals. The allelic frequencies on polymorphic variants confer susceptibility to complex diseases that are comparable to other populations. There is currently insufficient clinical data supporting the link between these SNPs and cancer risk in the Saudi population. Our data argues for initiating future cohort studies in which individuals with the identified SNPs are monitored and assessed for their likelihood of developing malignancies and therapy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lama Binobaid
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11454, Saudi Arabia
| | - Homood M. As Sobeai
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11454, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhazzani
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11454, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama AlAbdi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11454, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari M. Alwazae
- Computational Sciences Department, Center of Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moureq Alotaibi
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11454, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Parrington
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Alhoshani
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11454, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sin S, Choi HM, Lim J, Kim J, Bak SH, Choi SS, Park J, Lee JH, Oh YM, Lee MK, Hobbs BD, Cho MH, Silverman EK, Kim WJ. A genome-wide association study of quantitative computed tomographic emphysema in Korean populations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16692. [PMID: 34404834 PMCID: PMC8371078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emphysema is an important feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Genetic factors likely affect emphysema pathogenesis, but this question has predominantly been studied in those of European ancestry. In this study, we sought to determine genetic components of emphysema severity and characterize the potential function of the associated loci in Korean population. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on quantitative emphysema in subjects with or without COPD from two Korean COPD cohorts. We investigated the functional consequences of the loci using epigenetic annotation and gene expression data. We also compared our GWAS results with an epigenome-wide association study and previous differential gene expression analysis. In total, 548 subjects (476 [86.9%] male) including 514 COPD patients were evaluated. We identified one genome-wide significant SNP (P < 5.0 × 10-8), rs117084279, near PIBF1. We identified an additional 57 SNPs (P < 5.0 × 10-6) associated with emphysema in all subjects, and 106 SNPs (P < 5.0 × 10-6) in COPD patients. Of these candidate SNPs, 2 (rs12459249, rs11667314) near CYP2A6 were expression quantitative trait loci in lung tissue and a SNP (rs11214944) near NNMT was an expression quantitative trait locus in whole blood. Of note, rs11214944 was in linkage disequilibrium with variants in enhancer histone marks in lung tissue. Several genes near additional SNPs were identified in our previous EWAS study with nominal level of significance. We identified a novel SNP associated with quantitative emphysema on CT. Including the novel SNP, several candidate SNPs in our study may provide clues to the genetic etiology of emphysema in Asian populations. Further research and validation of the loci will help determine the genetic factors for the development of emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sooim Sin
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Choi
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyeon Bak
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shim Choi
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyeong Park
- grid.470090.a0000 0004 1792 3864Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- grid.255649.90000 0001 2171 7754Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Mok Oh
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- grid.280664.e0000 0001 2110 5790Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ebrahim S. Cohort Profiles: what are they good for? Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:367-370. [PMID: 33837386 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shah Ebrahim
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma X, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yuan W, Yan L, Fan S, Lian Y, Zhu X, Gao J, Zhao J, Zhang P, Tang H, Jia W. Comparison and development of machine learning tools for the prediction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Chinese population. J Transl Med 2020; 18:146. [PMID: 32234053 PMCID: PMC7110698 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem and cause of mortality worldwide. However, COPD in the early stage is usually not recognized and diagnosed. It is necessary to establish a risk model to predict COPD development. Methods A total of 441 COPD patients and 192 control subjects were recruited, and 101 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined using the MassArray assay. With 5 clinical features as well as SNPs, 6 predictive models were established and evaluated in the training set and test set by the confusion matrix AU-ROC, AU-PRC, sensitivity (recall), specificity, accuracy, F1 score, MCC, PPV (precision) and NPV. The selected features were ranked. Results Nine SNPs were significantly associated with COPD. Among them, 6 SNPs (rs1007052, OR = 1.671, P = 0.010; rs2910164, OR = 1.416, P < 0.037; rs473892, OR = 1.473, P < 0.044; rs161976, OR = 1.594, P < 0.044; rs159497, OR = 1.445, P < 0.045; and rs9296092, OR = 1.832, P < 0.045) were risk factors for COPD, while 3 SNPs (rs8192288, OR = 0.593, P < 0.015; rs20541, OR = 0.669, P < 0.018; and rs12922394, OR = 0.651, P < 0.022) were protective factors for COPD development. In the training set, KNN, LR, SVM, DT and XGboost obtained AU-ROC values above 0.82 and AU-PRC values above 0.92. Among these models, XGboost obtained the highest AU-ROC (0.94), AU-PRC (0.97), accuracy (0.91), precision (0.95), F1 score (0.94), MCC (0.77) and specificity (0.85), while MLP obtained the highest sensitivity (recall) (0.99) and NPV (0.87). In the validation set, KNN, LR and XGboost obtained AU-ROC and AU-PRC values above 0.80 and 0.85, respectively. KNN had the highest precision (0.82), both KNN and LR obtained the same highest accuracy (0.81), and KNN and LR had the same highest F1 score (0.86). Both DT and MLP obtained sensitivity (recall) and NPV values above 0.94 and 0.84, respectively. In the feature importance analyses, we identified that AQCI, age, and BMI had the greatest impact on the predictive abilities of the models, while SNPs, sex and smoking were less important. Conclusions The KNN, LR and XGboost models showed excellent overall predictive power, and the use of machine learning tools combining both clinical and SNP features was suitable for predicting the risk of COPD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Datong Coal Mine Group Co., Ltd., Datong, 037000, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Tisco (Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), 2 Yingxin Street, Jiancaoping District, Taiyuan, 030008, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Linfen People's Hospital, Linfen, 041000, China
| | - Weilan Yuan
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Sha Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Heji Hospital Affiliated with Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046011, China
| | - Yunzhi Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, JinCheng People's Hospital, Jincheng, 048000, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Tisco (Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), 2 Yingxin Street, Jiancaoping District, Taiyuan, 030008, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Junhui Gao
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, China.,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linfen People's Hospital, West of Rainbow Bridge, West Binhe Road, Yaodu District, Linfen, 041000, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Hui Tang
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 180 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, China. .,Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, 201204, China.
| | - Weihua Jia
- Department of Respiratory, General Hospital of Tisco (Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), 2 Yingxin Street, Jiancaoping District, Taiyuan, 030008, Shanxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Trinh HN, Jang SH, Lee C. Functional characterization of a SNP (F51S) found in human alpha 1-antitrypsin. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e819. [PMID: 31251477 PMCID: PMC6687665 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is related to lung and liver diseases, including pulmonary emphysema and liver cirrhosis in humans. Genetic variations including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SERPINA1 are responsible for A1AT deficiency, but the characteristics of the SNPs are not well-understood. Here, we investigated the features of a rare SNP (F51S) of A1AT, which introduces an additional N-glycosylation site in the N-terminal region of A1AT. METHODS We evaluated the F51S variant compared with the wild-type (WT) A1AT with regard to expression in CHO-K1 cells, trypsin inhibitory activity, polymerization, and thermal stability. RESULTS The recombinant F51S protein expressed in CHO-K1 cells was mostly retained inside cells. The F51S variant had trypsin inhibitory activity, but reduced thermal stability compared with the WT A1AT. The native acrylamide gel data showed that F51S tended to prevent polymerization of A1AT. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that Phe51 and the surrounding hydrophobic residue cluster plays an important role in the conformation and secretion of A1AT and suggest the harmful effects of a rare F51S SNP in human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Nhung Trinh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Center for Bio-Nanomaterials, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Sei-Heon Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Center for Bio-Nanomaterials, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - ChangWoo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Center for Bio-Nanomaterials, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chang Y, Hee S, Lee W, Li H, Chang T, Lin M, Hung Y, Lee I, Hung K, Assimes T, Knowles JW, Nong J, Lee P, Chiu Y, Chuang L. Genome-wide scan for circulating vascular adhesion protein-1 levels: MACROD2 as a potential transcriptional regulator of adipogenesis. J Diabetes Investig 2018; 9:1067-1074. [PMID: 29364582 PMCID: PMC6123039 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a membrane-bound amine oxidase highly expressed in mature adipocytes and released into the circulation. VAP-1 has been strongly implicated in several pathological processes, including diabetes, inflammation, hypertension, hepatic steatosis and renal diseases, and is an important disease marker and therapeutic target. Here, we aimed to identify the genetic loci for circulating VAP-1 levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a genomic-wide linkage scan for the quantitative trait locus of circulating VAP-1 levels in 1,100 Han Chinese individuals from 398 families in the Stanford Asian Pacific Program for Hypertension and Insulin Resistance study. Regional association fine mapping was carried out using additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms. RESULTS The estimated heritability of circulating VAP-1 levels is high (h2 = 69%). The most significant quantitative trait locus for circulating VAP-1 was located at 38 cM on chromosome 20, with a maximum empirical logarithm of odds score of 4.11 (P = 6.86 × 10-6 ) in females. Regional single-nucleotide polymorphism fine mapping within a 1-unit support region showed the strongest association signals in the MACRO domain containing 2 (MACROD2) gene in females (P = 5.38 × 10-6 ). Knockdown of MACROD2 significantly suppressed VAP-1 expression in human adipocytes, as well as the expression of key adipogenic genes. Furthermore, MACROD2 expression was found to be positively associated with VAP-1 in human visceral adipose tissue. CONCLUSION MACROD2 is a potential genetic determinant of serum VAP-1 levels, probably through transcriptional regulation of adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Cheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and ProteomicsCollege of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Biomedical ScienceAcademia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Siow‐Wey Hee
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Jei Lee
- Department of SurgeryMin‐Sheng General HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Hung‐Yuan Li
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tien‐Jyun Chang
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Yi‐Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismTri‐Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical CenterTaipeiTaiwan
| | - I‐Te Lee
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Kuan‐Yi Hung
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesZhunan, MiaoliTaiwan
| | - Themistocles Assimes
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular InstituteDepartment of MedicineStanford University StanfordStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joshua W Knowles
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular InstituteDepartment of MedicineStanford University StanfordStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jiun‐Yi Nong
- Graduate Institute of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Po‐Chu Lee
- Department of General SurgeryNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesZhunan, MiaoliTaiwan
| | - Lee‐Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical MedicineCollege of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineCollege of Public HealthNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Beute J, Lukkes M, Koekoek EP, Nastiti H, Ganesh K, de Bruijn MJ, Hockman S, van Nimwegen M, Braunstahl GJ, Boon L, Lambrecht BN, Manganiello VC, Hendriks RW, KleinJan A. A pathophysiological role of PDE3 in allergic airway inflammation. JCI Insight 2018; 3:94888. [PMID: 29367458 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) and PDE4 regulate levels of cyclic AMP, which are critical in various cell types involved in allergic airway inflammation. Although PDE4 inhibition attenuates allergic airway inflammation, reported side effects preclude its application as an antiasthma drug in humans. Case reports showed that enoximone, which is a smooth muscle relaxant that inhibits PDE3, is beneficial and lifesaving in status asthmaticus and is well tolerated. However, clinical observations also showed antiinflammatory effects of PDE3 inhibition. In this study, we investigated the role of PDE3 in a house dust mite-driven (HDM-driven) allergic airway inflammation (AAI) model that is characterized by T helper 2 cell activation, eosinophilia, and reduced mucosal barrier function. Compared with wild-type (WT) littermates, mice with a targeted deletion of the PDE3A or PDE3B gene showed significantly reduced HDM-driven AAI. Therapeutic intervention in WT mice showed that all hallmarks of HDM-driven AAI were abrogated by the PDE3 inhibitors enoximone and milrinone. Importantly, we found that enoximone also reduced the upregulation of the CD11b integrin on mouse and human eosinophils in vitro, which is crucial for their recruitment during allergic inflammation. This study provides evidence for a hitherto unknown antiinflammatory role of PDE3 inhibition in allergic airway inflammation and offers a potentially novel treatment approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Beute
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melanie Lukkes
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ewout P Koekoek
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hedwika Nastiti
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Keerthana Ganesh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Steve Hockman
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Menno van Nimwegen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Louis Boon
- Epirus Biopharmaceuticals Netherlands Yalelaan, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vince C Manganiello
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex KleinJan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of disability and death in the UK but is an even greater problem in low income countries. It is assumed by many to be almost entirely attributed to smoking. However, smoking alone cannot account for the distribution of the disease in the world and there is accumulating evidence that the disease is overwhelmingly a disease of poverty. The size of the problem and the failure of current hypotheses to explain the distribution of chronic lung disease make the lack of funding in this area surprising. The failure of science funders to respond to the analysis of the Cooksey report, which pointed out the extreme discrepancy between the size of the problem and the paucity of research funding, represents a serious failure in science policy. The lack of urgency in the face of such a large burden of illness suggests a degree of complacency in the face of a disease that is overwhelmingly a disease of the poor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Burney
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng X, Yuan CH, Chang D. Interactions between single nucleotide polymorphism of SERPINA1 gene and smoking in association with COPD: a case-control study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:259-265. [PMID: 28138235 PMCID: PMC5238810 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SERPINA1 gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while smoking is a known risk factor for COPD. Little is known on the effect of SERPINA1 gene and its interaction with smoking in the Chinese population. In this study, the effect of SERPINA1 gene polymorphisms on COPD risk and its interaction with smoking status has been investigated. Method A total of 120 COPD patients and 481 healthy controls were recruited at The Armed Police Corps Hospital. Data on demographic variables, smoking status, history of occupational dust exposure, and allergies were collected. Genotyping for single nucleotide polymorphism’s (SNP) rs1243160, rs2854254, and rs8004738 was performed in all participants. Results SNP rs8004738 genotype was associated with a significantly higher risk for COPD (odds ratio (OR) =1.835, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.002–3.360), whereas SNPs rs1243160 and rs2854254 did not exhibit such an association. Smoking habit also significantly increased the risk for COPD (OR =2.306, 95% CI: 1.537–3.459). On stepwise logistic regression analysis, advanced age, smoking, and SNP rs8004738 variant were associated with increased risk for COPD, while female gender and higher educational status decreased the risk. On additive interaction analysis, a significant interactive effect of SNP rs8004738 and smoking was observed in this population (relative excess risk due to interaction =0.478; attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) =0.123; S=1.197). Conclusion SNP rs8004738 of SERPINA1 gene significantly interacted with smoking status and was associated with a higher risk for COPD in the Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - De Chang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Henry CO, Dalloneau E, Pérez-Berezo MT, Plata C, Wu Y, Guillon A, Morello E, Aimar RF, Potier-Cartereau M, Esnard F, Coraux C, Börnchen C, Kiefmann R, Vandier C, Touqui L, Valverde MA, Cenac N, Si-Tahar M. In vitro and in vivo evidence for an inflammatory role of the calcium channel TRPV4 in lung epithelium: Potential involvement in cystic fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L664-75. [PMID: 27496898 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00442.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease associated with chronic severe lung inflammation, leading to premature death. To develop innovative anti-inflammatory treatments, we need to characterize new cellular and molecular components contributing to the mechanisms of lung inflammation. Here, we focused on the potential role of "transient receptor potential vanilloid-4" (TRPV4), a nonselective calcium channel. We used both in vitro and in vivo approaches to demonstrate that TRPV4 expressed in airway epithelial cells triggers the secretion of major proinflammatory mediators such as chemokines and biologically active lipids, as well as a neutrophil recruitment in lung tissues. We characterized the contribution of cytosolic phospholipase A2, MAPKs, and NF-κB in TRPV4-dependent signaling. We also showed that 5,6-, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, i.e., four natural lipid-based TRPV4 agonists, are present in expectorations of CF patients. Also, TRPV4-induced calcium mobilization and inflammatory responses were enhanced in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-deficient cellular and animal models, suggesting that TRPV4 is a promising target for the development of new anti-inflammatory treatments for diseases such as CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clémence O Henry
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Emilie Dalloneau
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Maria-Teresa Pérez-Berezo
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Inserm U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS U5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cristina Plata
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Unité de Défense Innée et Inflammation, Inserm U874, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Guillon
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Eric Morello
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Rose-France Aimar
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Marie Potier-Cartereau
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France; Ion Channels and Cancer network-Canceropole Grand Ouest, Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Esnard
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Christelle Coraux
- Inserm UMR-S 903, SFR CAP-SANTE (FED 4231), Université de Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Christian Börnchen
- Cardiovascular Research Center Hamburg and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; and Department of Anaesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Kiefmann
- Cardiovascular Research Center Hamburg and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; and Department of Anaesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christophe Vandier
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France; Ion Channels and Cancer network-Canceropole Grand Ouest, Tours, France
| | - Lhousseine Touqui
- Unité de Défense Innée et Inflammation, Inserm U874, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Miguel A Valverde
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Inserm U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS U5282, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mustapha Si-Tahar
- Inserm U1100, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Miller S, Melén E, Merid SK, Hall IP, Sayers I. Genes associated with polymorphic variants predicting lung function are differentially expressed during human lung development. Respir Res 2016; 17:95. [PMID: 27473260 PMCID: PMC4966770 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within/near 54 genes associated with lung function measures. Current understanding of the contribution of these genes to human lung development is limited. We set out to further define i) the expression profile of these genes during human lung development using a unique set of resources to examine both mRNA and protein expression and ii) the link between key polymorphisms and genes using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) approaches. METHODS The mRNA expression profile of lung function associated genes across pseudoglandular and canalicular stages of lung development were determined using expression array data of 38 human fetal lungs. eQTLs were investigated for selected genes using blood cell and lung tissue data. Immunohistochemistry of the top 5 candidates was performed in a panel of 24 fetal lung samples. RESULTS Twenty-nine lung function associated genes were differentially expressed during lung development at the mRNA level. The greatest magnitude of effect was observed for 5 genes; TMEM163, FAM13A and HHIP which had increasing expression and CDC123 and PTCH1 with decreased expression across developmental stages. Focussed eQTL analyses investigating SNPs in these five loci identified several cis-eQTL's. Protein expression of TMEM163 increased and CDC123 decreased with fetal lung age in agreement with mRNA data. Protein expression in FAM13A, HHIP and PTCH1 remained relatively constant throughout lung development. CONCLUSIONS We have identified that > 50 % of lung function associated genes show evidence of differential expression during lung development and we show that in particular TMEM163 and CDC123 are differentially expressed at both the mRNA and protein levels. Our data provides a systematic evaluation of lung function associated genes in this context and offers some insight into the potential role of several of these genes in contributing to human lung development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miller
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - E Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S K Merid
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - I Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Translating Lung Function Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Findings. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2016; 93:57-145. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Probert K, Miller S, Kheirallah AK, Hall IP. Developmental genetics of the COPD lung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/s40749-015-0014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
14
|
Increased Transcript Complexity in Genes Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140885. [PMID: 26480348 PMCID: PMC4610675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies aim to correlate genotype with phenotype. Many common diseases including Type II diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are complex genetic traits with hundreds of different loci that are associated with varied disease risk. Identifying common features in the genes associated with each disease remains a challenge. Furthermore, the role of post-transcriptional regulation, and in particular alternative splicing, is still poorly understood in most multigenic diseases. We therefore compiled comprehensive lists of genes associated with Type II diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and COPD in an attempt to identify common features of their corresponding mRNA transcripts within each gene set. The SERPINA1 gene is a well-recognized genetic risk factor of COPD and it produces 11 transcript variants, which is exceptional for a human gene. This led us to hypothesize that other genes associated with COPD, and complex disorders in general, are highly transcriptionally diverse. We found that COPD-associated genes have a statistically significant enrichment in transcript complexity stemming from a disproportionately high level of alternative splicing, however, Type II Diabetes, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease genes were not significantly enriched. We also identified a subset of transcriptionally complex COPD-associated genes (~40%) that are differentially expressed between mild, moderate and severe COPD. Although the genes associated with other lung diseases are not extensively documented, we found preliminary data that idiopathic pulmonary disease genes, but not cystic fibrosis modulators, are also more transcriptionally complex. Interestingly, complex COPD transcripts are more often the product of alternative acceptor site usage. To verify the biological importance of these alternative transcripts, we used RNA-sequencing analyses to determine that COPD-associated genes are frequently expressed in lung and liver tissues and are regulated in a tissue-specific manner. Additionally, many complex COPD-associated genes are spliced differently between COPD and non-COPD patients. Our analysis therefore suggests that post-transcriptional regulation, particularly alternative splicing, is an important feature specific to COPD disease etiology that warrants further investigation.
Collapse
|
15
|
de Jong K, Vonk JM, Timens W, Bossé Y, Sin DD, Hao K, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R, Postma DS, Boezen HM. Genome-wide interaction study of gene-by-occupational exposure and effects on FEV1 levels. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1664-1672.e14. [PMID: 25979521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease characterized by impaired lung function and airway obstruction resulting from interactions between multiple genes and multiple environmental exposures. Thus far, genome-wide association studies have largely disregarded environmental factors that might trigger the development of lung function impairment and COPD, such as occupational exposures, which are thought to contribute to 15% to 20% of the COPD prevalence. OBJECTIVES We performed a genome-wide interaction study to identify novel susceptibility loci for occupational exposure to biological dust, mineral dust, and gases and fumes in relation to FEV1 levels. METHODS We performed an identification analysis in 12,400 subjects from the LifeLines cohort study and verified our findings in 1436 subjects from a second independent cohort, the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen cohort. Additionally, we assessed whether replicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were cis-acting expression (mRNA) quantitative trait loci in lung tissue. RESULTS Of the 7 replicated SNPs that interacted with one of the occupational exposures, several identified loci were plausible candidates that might be involved in biological pathways leading to lung function impairment, such as PCDH9 and GALNT13. Two of the 7 replicated SNPs were cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci associated with gene expression of PDE4D and TMEM176A in lung tissue. CONCLUSION This genome-wide interaction study on occupational exposures in relation to the level of lung function identified several novel genes. Further research should determine whether the identified genes are true susceptibility loci for occupational exposures and whether these SNP-by-exposure interactions consequently contribute to the development of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim de Jong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Department of Medicine and Center for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Marike Boezen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Imboden M, Kumar A, Curjuric I, Adam M, Thun GA, Haun M, Tsai MY, Pons M, Bettschart R, Turk A, Rochat T, Künzli N, Schindler C, Kronenberg F, Probst-Hensch NM. Modification of the association between PM10 and lung function decline by cadherin 13 polymorphisms in the SAPALDIA cohort: a genome-wide interaction analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:72-9. [PMID: 25127211 PMCID: PMC4286270 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both air pollution and genetic variation have been shown to affect lung function. Their interaction has not been studied on a genome-wide scale to date. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify, in an agnostic fashion, genes that modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and annual lung function decline in an adult population-based sample. METHODS A two-stage genome-wide interaction study was performed. The discovery (n = 763) and replication (n = 3,896) samples were derived from the multi-center SAPALDIA cohort (Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Disease in Adults). Annual rate of decline in the forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) was the main end point. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify potential multiplicative interactions between genotypes and 11-year cumulative PM10 exposure. RESULTS We identified a cluster of variants intronic to the CDH13 gene as the only locus with genome-wide significant interactions. The strongest interaction was observed for rs2325934 (p = 8.8 × 10(-10)). Replication of the interaction between this CDH13 variant and cumulative PM10 exposure on annual decline in FEF25-75% was successful (p = 0.008). The interaction was not sensitive to adjustment for smoking or body weight. CONCLUSIONS CDH13 is functionally linked to the adipokine adiponectin, an inflammatory regulator. Future studies need to confirm the interaction and assess how the result relates to previously observed interactions between air pollution and obesity on respiratory function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Baxter M, Eltom S, Dekkak B, Yew-Booth L, Dubuis ED, Maher SA, Belvisi MG, Birrell MA. Role of transient receptor potential and pannexin channels in cigarette smoke-triggered ATP release in the lung. Thorax 2014; 69:1080-9. [PMID: 25301060 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COPD is an inflammatory disease usually associated with cigarette smoking (CS) with an increasing global prevalence and no effective medication. Extracellular ATP is increased in the COPD affected lung and may play a key role in driving CS-induced airway inflammation, but the mechanism involved in ATP release has eluded researchers. Recently, the transient receptor potential (TRP) and pannexin-1 channels have been suggested to play a role in other experimental paradigms. Thus, the aim of this work is to investigate if these channels are involved in CS-induced ATP release in the lung. METHODS Primary human cells were exposed to CS and extracellular ATP levels measured. Mice were exposed to mainstream CS and airway inflammation assessed. TRPV1/4 mRNA expression was assessed in human lung parenchyma. RESULTS CS exposure caused a dose-related increase in ATP from primary airway bronchial epithelial cells. This was attenuated by blockers of TRPV1, TRPV4 and pannexin-1 channels. Parallel data was obtained using murine acute CS-driven model systems. Finally, TRPV1/4 mRNA expression was increased in lung tissue samples from patients with COPD. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular ATP is increased in the COPD affected lung and may play a key role in driving disease pathophysiology. These experiments uncover a novel mechanism which may be responsible for CS-induced ATP release. These findings highlight novel targets that could lead to the development of medicine to treat this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Baxter
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Suffwan Eltom
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bilel Dekkak
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liang Yew-Booth
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eric D Dubuis
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah A Maher
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria G Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark A Birrell
- Respiratory Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Radder JE, Shapiro SD, Berndt A. Personalized medicine for chronic, complex diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an example. Per Med 2014; 11:669-679. [PMID: 29764057 DOI: 10.2217/pme.14.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic, complex diseases represent the majority of healthcare utilization and spending in the USA today. Despite this, therapeutics that account for the heterogeneity of these diseases are lacking, begging for more personalized approaches. Improving our understanding of disease phenotypes through retrospective trials of electronic health record data will enable us to better categorize patients. Increased usage of next-generation sequencing will further our understanding of the genetic variants involved in chronic disease. Utilization of data warehousing will be necessary in order to securely handle, integrate and analyze the large sets of data produced with these methods. Finally, increased use of clinical decision support will enable the return of clinically actionable results that physicians can use to apply these personalized approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josiah E Radder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven D Shapiro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Annerose Berndt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liao SY, Lin X, Christiani DC. Genome-wide association and network analysis of lung function in the Framingham Heart Study. Genet Epidemiol 2014; 38:572-8. [PMID: 25044411 PMCID: PMC4127157 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms have been found to be associated with pulmonary function using genome-wide association studies. However, lung function is a complex trait that is likely to be influenced by multiple gene-gene interactions besides individual genes. Our goal is to build a cellular network to explore the relationship between pulmonary function and genotypes by combining SNP level and network analyses using longitudinal lung function data from the Framingham Heart Study. We analyzed 2,698 genotyped participants from the Offspring cohort that had an average of 3.35 spirometry measurements per person for a mean length of 13 years. Repeated forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 ) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) were used as outcomes. Data were analyzed using linear-mixed models for the association between lung function and alleles by accounting for the correlation among repeated measures over time within the same subject and within-family correlation. Network analyses were performed using dmGWAS and validated with data from the Third Generation cohort. Analyses identified SMAD3, TGFBR2, CD44, CTGF, VCAN, CTNNB1, SCGB1A1, PDE4D, NRG1, EPHB1, and LYN as contributors to pulmonary function. Most of these genes were novel that were not found previously using solely SNP-level analysis. These novel genes are involving the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB)-SMAD pathway, Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, etc. Therefore, combining SNP-level and network analyses using longitudinal lung function data is a useful alternative strategy to identify risk genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Liao
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xihong Lin
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David C. Christiani
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Longer telomere length in COPD patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency independent of lung function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95600. [PMID: 24763308 PMCID: PMC3998943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of airway obstruction in α1-antitrypsin deficient patients. This may result in a shortening of telomere length, resulting in cellular senescence. To test whether telomere length differs in α1-antitrypsin deficient patients compared with controls, we measured telomere length in DNA from peripheral blood cells of 217 α1-antitrypsin deficient patients and 217 control COPD patients. We also tested for differences in telomere length between DNA from blood and DNA from lung tissue in a subset of 51 controls. We found that telomere length in the blood was significantly longer in α1-antitrypsin deficient COPD patients compared with control COPD patients (p = 1×10−29). Telomere length was not related to lung function in α1-antitrypsin deficient patients (p = 0.3122) or in COPD controls (p = 0.1430). Although mean telomere length was significantly shorter in the blood when compared with the lungs (p = 0.0078), telomere length was correlated between the two tissue types (p = 0.0122). Our results indicate that telomere length is better preserved in α1-antitrypsin deficient COPD patients than in non-deficient patients. In addition, measurement of telomere length in the blood may be a suitable surrogate for measurement in the lung.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ferrarotti I, Luisetti M. COPD: no gene left unturned. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2014; 2:171-2. [DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(14)70026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
22
|
α-1-Antitrypsin deficiency: clinical variability, assessment, and treatment. Trends Mol Med 2013; 20:105-15. [PMID: 24380646 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The recognition of α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, its function, and its role in predisposition to the development of severe emphysema was a watershed in our understanding of the pathophysiology of the condition. This led to the concept and development of intravenous replacement therapy used worldwide to protect against lung damage induced by neutrophil elastase. Nevertheless, much remained unknown about the deficiency and its impact, although in recent years the genetic and clinical variations in manifestation have provided new insights into assessing impact, efficacy of therapy, and development of new therapeutic strategies, including gene therapy, and outcome measures, such as biomarkers and computed tomography. The current article reviews this progress over the preceding 50 years.
Collapse
|
23
|
Houghton CA, Fassett RG, Coombes JS. Sulforaphane: translational research from laboratory bench to clinic. Nutr Rev 2013; 71:709-26. [PMID: 24147970 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables are widely acknowledged to provide chemopreventive benefits in humans, but they are not generally consumed at levels that effect significant change in biomarkers of health. Because consumers have embraced the notion that dietary supplements may prevent disease, this review considers whether an appropriately validated sulforaphane-yielding broccoli sprout supplement may deliver clinical benefit. The crucifer-derived bioactive phytochemical sulforaphane is a significant inducer of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the transcription factor that activates the cell's endogenous defenses via a battery of cytoprotective genes. For a broccoli sprout supplement to demonstrate bioactivity in vivo, it must retain both the sulforaphane-yielding precursor compound, glucoraphanin, and the activity of glucoraphanin's intrinsic myrosinase enzyme. Many broccoli sprout supplements are myrosinase inactive, but current labeling does not reflect this. For the benefit of clinicians and consumers, this review summarizes the findings of in vitro studies and clinical trials, interpreting them in the context of clinical relevance. Standardization of sulforaphane nomenclature and assay protocols will be necessary to remove inconsistency and ambiguity in the labeling of currently available broccoli sprout products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Houghton
- School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shibata Y, Inoue S, Igarashi A, Yamauchi K, Abe S, Aida Y, Nunomiya K, Sato M, Nakano H, Sato K, Watanabe T, Konta T, Ueno Y, Kato T, Kayama T, Kubota I. Elevated serum iron is a potent biomarker for spirometric resistance to cigarette smoke among Japanese males: the Takahata study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74020. [PMID: 24040149 PMCID: PMC3767599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common disability among elderly subjects with a heavy cigarette smoking habit. In contrast to the population that is susceptible to smoking, in whom pulmonary function worsens with the length of exposure to cigarette smoke, there are elderly individuals whose pulmonary function is not impaired. However, to date, the characteristics of this resistant smoking population have not been investigated. We aimed to identify a biomarker in individuals in whom lung health is maintained despite smoking. Blood sampling and spirometry were performed on 3,257 subjects who participated in a community-based annual health check in Takahata, Japan, from 2004 to 2006. We selected 117 elderly smokers (age ≥70, Brinkman index ≥600, smoking years ≥30). The 'smoking resistant' group met the following criteria: FEV1/FVC ≥0.7, and FEV1%predicted ≥80. Spirometry was re-evaluated in 147 male, current smokers in 2009. Baseline serum iron (sFe) levels were higher in the smoke resistant group compared with the non-resistant group. In those with low sFe levels, FEV1/FVC was reduced in male subjects. These spirometric measures were positively associated with sFe levels in men. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sFe levels were predictive for spirometric values, independent of other clinical factors. In addition, sFe levels were predictive for a decline in FEV1.Serum iron levels may be a biomarker for the spirometric susceptibility of individuals to cigarette smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sumito Inoue
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Akira Igarashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shuichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yasuko Aida
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keiko Nunomiya
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masamichi Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kento Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tuneo Konta
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takeo Kato
- Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takamasa Kayama
- Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata City, Yamagata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Affiliation(s)
- Alice M Turner
- University of Birmingham, QEHB research labs, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Causal and synthetic associations of variants in the SERPINA gene cluster with alpha1-antitrypsin serum levels. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003585. [PMID: 23990791 PMCID: PMC3749935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several infrequent genetic polymorphisms in the SERPINA1 gene are known to substantially reduce concentration of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) in the blood. Since low AAT serum levels fail to protect pulmonary tissue from enzymatic degradation, these polymorphisms also increase the risk for early onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The role of more common SERPINA1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in respiratory health remains poorly understood. We present here an agnostic investigation of genetic determinants of circulating AAT levels in a general population sample by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 1392 individuals of the SAPALDIA cohort. Five common SNPs, defined by showing minor allele frequencies (MAFs) >5%, reached genome-wide significance, all located in the SERPINA gene cluster at 14q32.13. The top-ranking genotyped SNP rs4905179 was associated with an estimated effect of β = −0.068 g/L per minor allele (P = 1.20*10−12). But denser SERPINA1 locus genotyping in 5569 participants with subsequent stepwise conditional analysis, as well as exon-sequencing in a subsample (N = 410), suggested that AAT serum level is causally determined at this locus by rare (MAF<1%) and low-frequent (MAF 1–5%) variants only, in particular by the well-documented protein inhibitor S and Z (PI S, PI Z) variants. Replication of the association of rs4905179 with AAT serum levels in the Copenhagen City Heart Study (N = 8273) was successful (P<0.0001), as was the replication of its synthetic nature (the effect disappeared after adjusting for PI S and Z, P = 0.57). Extending the analysis to lung function revealed a more complex situation. Only in individuals with severely compromised pulmonary health (N = 397), associations of common SNPs at this locus with lung function were driven by rarer PI S or Z variants. Overall, our meta-analysis of lung function in ever-smokers does not support a functional role of common SNPs in the SERPINA gene cluster in the general population. Low levels of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) in the blood are a well-established risk factor for accelerated loss in lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. While a few infrequent genetic polymorphisms are known to influence the serum levels of this enzyme, the role of common genetic variants has not been examined so far. The present genome-wide scan for associated variants in approximately 1400 Swiss inhabitants revealed a chromosomal locus containing the functionally established variants of AAT deficiency and variants previously associated with lung function and emphysema. We used dense genotyping of this genetic region in more than 5500 individuals and subsequent conditional analyses to unravel which of these associated variants contribute independently to the phenotype's variability. All associations of common variants could be attributed to the rarer functionally established variants, a result which was then replicated in an independent population-based Danish cohort. Hence, this locus represents a textbook example of how a large part of a trait's heritability can be hidden in infrequent genetic polymorphisms. The attempt to transfer these results to lung function furthermore suggests that effects of common variants in this genetic region in ever-smokers may also be explained by rarer variants, but only in individuals with hampered pulmonary health.
Collapse
|
27
|
Näkki A, Battié MC, Kaprio J. Genetics of disc-related disorders: current findings and lessons from other complex diseases. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2013; 23 Suppl 3:S354-63. [PMID: 23838702 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-2878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Disc-related disorders are highly genetic conditions with heritability estimates of up to 75 % and yet, few genomic locations have been moderately associated with the disorders. Candidate gene studies have shown possible disease associations on loci and genes of 1p21.1 (COL11A1), 6q27 (THBS2), 9q22.31 (ASPN), 10p12.31 (SKT), 20q11.2 (GDF5) and 20q13.12 (MMP9). More recently, in 2012, the first genome-wide association study revealed variants on loci and genes of 3p26.2, 6p21.32 (HLA region) and 6q26 (PARK2) that associate with disc-related disorders. In many other complex diseases, large meta-analyses of hundreds of thousands of study subjects and loci have revealed remarkable pathways. As methodology is evolving rapidly, we have already stepped into the era of routinely sequencing all bases in all human exons and we are approaching the era of sequencing the entire genome of study subjects with common diseases. The past decade has taught us that the common variants seen throughout populations seem to have low effects in many common diseases, explain relatively little of the overall heritability of the diseases and demand thousands of study subjects to identify associations. It seems that familial rare variants play an important role in many common diseases leading us back to valuing studies with large families and isolated populations. Moreover, careful characterization of environmental conditions are needed to explore and determine gene-environment interactions as genes that increase disease risk in one context may not do so under another context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annu Näkki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Kang SS, Shin SH, Auh CK, Chun J. Human skeletal dysplasia caused by a constitutive activated transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cation channel mutation. Exp Mol Med 2012; 44:707-22. [PMID: 23143559 PMCID: PMC3538978 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2012.44.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cation channel, a member of the TRP vanilloid subfamily, is expressed in a broad range of tissues where it participates in the generation of Ca²⁺ signals and/or depolarization of the membrane potential. Regulation of TRPV4 abundance at the cell surface is critical for osmo- and mechanotransduction. Defects in TRPV4 are the cause of several human diseases, including brachyolmia type 3 (MIM:113500) (also known as brachyrachia or spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Kozlowski type [MIM:118452]), and metatropic dysplasia (MIM:156530) (also called metatropic dwarfism or parastremmatic dwarfism [MIM:168400]). These bone dysplasia mutants are characterized by severe dwarfism, kyphoscoliosis, distortion and bowing of the extremities, and contractures of the large joints. These diseases are characterized by a combination of decreased bone density, bowing of the long bones, platyspondyly, and striking irregularities of endochondral ossification with areas of calcific stippling and streaking in radiolucent epiphyses, metaphyses, and apophyses. In this review, we discuss the potential effect of the mutation on the regulation of TRPV4 functions, which are related to human diseases through deviated function. In particular, we emphasize how the constitutive active TRPV4 mutant affects endochondral ossification with a reduced number of hypertrophic chondrocytes and the presence of cartilage islands within the zone of primary mineralization. In addition, we summarize current knowledge about the role of TRPV4 in the pathogenesis of several diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Sun Kang
- Department of Biology Education Chungbuk National University Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wain LV, Soler Artigas M, Tobin MD. What can genetics tell us about the cause of fixed airflow obstruction? Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1176-82. [PMID: 22805464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality worldwide with smoking being the most important risk factor of the disease. However, lung function and COPD are known to also have a genetic component and a deeper knowledge of the genetic architecture of the disease could lead to further understanding of predisposition to COPD and also to development of new therapeutic interventions. Genetic linkage studies and candidate gene association studies have not provided evidence to convincingly identify the genes underlying lung function or COPD. However, recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including tens of thousands of individuals have identified 26 variants at different loci in the human genome that show robust association with quantitative lung function measures in the general population. A growing number of these variants are being shown to be associated with COPD. Following the identification of these new lung function loci, the challenge now lies in refining the signals to identify the causative variants underlying the association signals and relating these signals to the molecular pathways that underlie lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Berndt A, Leme AS, Shapiro SD. Emerging genetics of COPD. EMBO Mol Med 2012; 4:1144-55. [PMID: 23090857 PMCID: PMC3494872 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of alpha-1 antitrypsin in the early 1960s, several new genes have been suggested to play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. Yet, in spite of those advances, much about the genetic basis of COPD still remains to be discovered. Unbiased approaches, such as genome-wide association (GWA) studies, are critical to identify genes and pathways and to verify suggested genetic variants. Indeed, most of our current understanding about COPD candidate genes originates from GWA studies. Experiments in form of cross-study replications and advanced meta-analyses have propelled the field towards unravelling details about COPD's pathogenesis. Here, we review the discovery of genetic variants in association with COPD phenotypes by discussing the available approaches and current findings. Limitations of current studies are considered and future directions provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annerose Berndt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ro M, Kim S, Pyun JA, Shin C, Cho NH, Lee JY, Koh I, Kwack K. Association between arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) and lung function in a Korean population. Scand J Immunol 2012; 76:151-7. [PMID: 22537113 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2012.02712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) plays a role in the 5-lipoxygenase (LO) pathway, which includes the LTC(4), LTD(4), LTE(4) and LTB(4). These leukotrienes are known causative factors of asthma, allergy, atopy and cardiovascular diseases. ALOX5AP lacks enzyme activity and acts by helping 5-LO function. In this study, healthy and general subjects who live in rural and urban areas of Korea were tested for the association of ALOX5AP polymorphisms with lung function. Lung function was also estimated by calculating the predicted values for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1) _%PRED) and the proportion of the forced vital capacity exhaled in the first second (FEV(1) /FVC_PRED). The linear regression was adjusted for residence area, gender, age, height and smoking status. The analysis revealed associations between FEV(1) and the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9506352 and the haplotype TCAC (permuted P-value < 0.05). The linkage disequilibrium block that included the significant SNPs overlapped with SNPs that were revealed previously to associate with myocardial infarction and asthma and to affect lung function. This study is the first to demonstrate the association between lung function and ALOX5AP polymorphisms in a healthy and general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ro
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
A genetic contribution to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is well established. However, the specific genes responsible for enhanced risk or host differences in susceptibility to smoke exposure remain poorly understood. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive literature overview on the genetics of COPD, highlight the most promising findings during the last few years, and ultimately provide an updated COPD gene list. Candidate gene studies on COPD and related phenotypes indexed in PubMed before January 5, 2012 are tabulated. An exhaustive list of publications for any given gene was looked for. This well-documented COPD candidate-gene list is expected to serve many purposes for future replication studies and meta-analyses as well as for reanalyzing collected genomic data in the field. In addition, this review summarizes recent genetic loci identified by genome-wide association studies on COPD, lung function, and related complications. Assembling resources, integrative genomic approaches, and large sample sizes of well-phenotyped subjects is part of the path forward to elucidate the genetic basis of this debilitating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Bossé
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Olfson E, Bierut LJ. Convergence of genome-wide association and candidate gene studies for alcoholism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:2086-94. [PMID: 22978509 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01843.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have led to a paradigm shift in how researchers study the genetics underlying disease. Many GWA studies are now publicly available and can be used to examine whether or not previously proposed candidate genes are supported by GWA data. This approach is particularly important for the field of alcoholism because the contribution of many candidate genes remains controversial. METHODS Using the Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator, we selected candidate genes for alcoholism that have been frequently examined in scientific articles in the past decade. Specific candidate loci as well as all the reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes were examined in the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE), a GWA study comparing alcohol-dependent and nondependent subjects. RESULTS Several commonly reported candidate loci, including rs1800497 in DRD2, rs698 in ADH1C, rs1799971 in OPRM1, and rs4680 in COMT, are not replicated in SAGE (p > 0.05). Among candidate loci available for analysis, only rs279858 in GABRA2 (p = 0.0052, OR = 1.16) demonstrated a modest association. Examination of all SNPs reported in SAGE in over 50 candidate genes revealed no SNPs with large frequency differences between cases and controls, and the lowest p-value of any SNP was 0.0006. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that several extensively studied candidate loci do not have a strong contribution to risk of developing alcohol dependence in European and African ancestry populations. Owing to the lack of coverage, we were unable to rule out the contribution of other variants, and these genes and particular loci warrant further investigation. Our analysis demonstrates that publicly available GWA results can be used to better understand which if any of previously proposed candidate genes contribute to disease. Furthermore, we illustrate how examining the convergence of candidate gene and GWA studies can help elucidate the genetic architecture of alcoholism and more generally complex diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Olfson
- Department of Human and Statistical Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Thun GA, Ferrarotti I, Imboden M, Rochat T, Gerbase M, Kronenberg F, Bridevaux PO, Zemp E, Zorzetto M, Ottaviani S, Russi EW, Luisetti M, Probst-Hensch NM. SERPINA1 PiZ and PiS heterozygotes and lung function decline in the SAPALDIA cohort. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42728. [PMID: 22912729 PMCID: PMC3418297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a strong risk factor for COPD. But the impact of gene variants resulting in mild or intermediate AAT deficiency on the longitudinal course of respiratory health remains controversial. There is indication from experimental studies that pro-inflammatory agents like cigarette smoke can interact with these variants and thus increase the risk of adverse respiratory health effects. Therefore, we tested the effect of the presence of a protease inhibitor (Pi) S or Z allele (PiMS and PiMZ) on the change in lung function in different inflammation-exposed subgroups of a large, population-based cohort study. Methodology and Principal Findings The SAPALDIA population includes over 4600 subjects from whom SERPINA1 genotypes for S and Z alleles, spirometry and respiratory symptoms at baseline and after 11 years follow-up, as well as proxies for inflammatory conditions, such as detailed smoking history, obesity and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were available. All analyses were performed by applying multivariate regression models. There was no overall unfavourable effect of PiMS or PiMZ genotype on lung function change. We found indication that PiZ heterozygosity interacted with inflammatory stimuli leading to an accelerated decline in measures in use as indices for assessing mild airway obstruction. Obese individuals with genotype PiMM had an average annual decline in the forced mid expiratory flow (ΔFEF25-75%) of 58.4 ml whereas in obese individuals with PiMZ it amounted to 92.2 ml (p = 0.03). Corresponding numbers for persistent smokers differed even more strongly (66.8 ml (PiMM) vs. 108.2 ml (PiMZ), p = 0.005). Equivalent, but less strong associations were observed for the change in the FEV1/FVC ratio. Conclusions We suggest that, in addition to the well established impact of the rare PiZZ genotype, one Z allele may be sufficient to accelerate lung function decline in population subgroups characterized by elevated levels of low grade inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian-Andri Thun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Ferrarotti
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency, Institute for Respiratory Disease, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Rochat
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margaret Gerbase
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Elisabeth Zemp
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michele Zorzetto
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency, Institute for Respiratory Disease, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Ottaviani
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency, Institute for Respiratory Disease, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Erich W. Russi
- Pulmonary Division, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Luisetti
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-antitrypsin Deficiency, Institute for Respiratory Disease, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicole M. Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Portelli M, Sayers I. Genetic basis for personalized medicine in asthma. Expert Rev Respir Med 2012; 6:223-36. [PMID: 22455494 DOI: 10.1586/ers.12.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is heterogeneity in patient responses to current asthma medications. Significant progress has been made identifying genetic polymorphisms that influence the efficacy and potential for adverse effects to asthma drugs, including; β(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers. Pharmacogenetics holds great promise to maximise clinical outcomes and minimize adverse effects. Asthma is heterogeneous with respect to clinical presentation and inflammatory mechanisms underlying the disease, which is likely to contribute to variable results in clinical trials targeting specific inflammatory mediators. Genome-wide association studies have begun to identify genes underlying asthma (e.g., IL1RL1), which represent future therapeutic targets. In this article, we review and update the pharmacogenetics of current asthma therapies and discuss the genetics underlying selected Phase II and future targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Portelli
- Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, Nottingham Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Curjuric I, Imboden M, Nadif R, Kumar A, Schindler C, Haun M, Kronenberg F, Künzli N, Phuleria H, Postma DS, Russi EW, Rochat T, Demenais F, Probst-Hensch NM. Different genes interact with particulate matter and tobacco smoke exposure in affecting lung function decline in the general population. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40175. [PMID: 22792237 PMCID: PMC3391223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress related genes modify the effects of ambient air pollution or tobacco smoking on lung function decline. The impact of interactions might be substantial, but previous studies mostly focused on main effects of single genes. OBJECTIVES We studied the interaction of both exposures with a broad set of oxidative-stress related candidate genes and pathways on lung function decline and contrasted interactions between exposures. METHODS For 12679 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)), FEV(1) over forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC), and mean forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of the FVC (FEF(25-75)) was regressed on interval exposure to particulate matter <10 µm in diameter (PM10) or packyears smoked (a), additive SNP effects (b), and interaction terms between (a) and (b) in 669 adults with GWAS data. Interaction p-values for 152 genes and 14 pathways were calculated by the adaptive rank truncation product (ARTP) method, and compared between exposures. Interaction effect sizes were contrasted for the strongest SNPs of nominally significant genes (p(interaction)<0.05). Replication was attempted for SNPs with MAF>10% in 3320 SAPALDIA participants without GWAS. RESULTS On the SNP-level, rs2035268 in gene SNCA accelerated FEV(1)/FVC decline by 3.8% (p(interaction) = 2.5×10(-6)), and rs12190800 in PARK2 attenuated FEV1 decline by 95.1 ml p(interaction) = 9.7×10(-8)) over 11 years, while interacting with PM10. Genes and pathways nominally interacting with PM10 and packyears exposure differed substantially. Gene CRISP2 presented a significant interaction with PM10 (p(interaction) = 3.0×10(-4)) on FEV(1)/FVC decline. Pathway interactions were weak. Replications for the strongest SNPs in PARK2 and CRISP2 were not successful. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with a stratified response to increasing oxidative stress, different genes and pathways potentially mediate PM10 and tobacco smoke effects on lung function decline. Ignoring environmental exposures would miss these patterns, but achieving sufficient sample size and comparability across study samples is challenging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Curjuric
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Nadif
- INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Schindler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margot Haun
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nino Künzli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harish Phuleria
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirkje S. Postma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erich W. Russi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Rochat
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florence Demenais
- INSERM, U946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases Unit, Paris, France
- Fondation Jean Dausset - Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Paris, France
| | - Nicole M. Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute SwissTPH, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Benjamin DJ, Cesarini D, Chabris CF, Glaeser EL, Laibson DI, Guðnason V, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Purcell S, Smith AV, Johannesson M, Magnusson PKE, Beauchamp JP, Christakis NA, Atwood CS, Hebert B, Freese J, Hauser RM, Hauser TS, Grankvist A, Hultman CM, Lichtenstein P. The Promises and Pitfalls of Genoeconomics*. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS 2012; 4:627-662. [PMID: 23482589 PMCID: PMC3592970 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews existing research at the intersection of genetics and economics, presents some new findings that illustrate the state of genoeconomics research, and surveys the prospects of this emerging field. Twin studies suggest that economic outcomes and preferences, once corrected for measurement error, appear to be about as heritable as many medical conditions and personality traits. Consistent with this pattern, we present new evidence on the heritability of permanent income and wealth. Turning to genetic association studies, we survey the main ways that the direct measurement of genetic variation across individuals is likely to contribute to economics, and we outline the challenges that have slowed progress in making these contributions. The most urgent problem facing researchers in this field is that most existing efforts to find associations between genetic variation and economic behavior are based on samples that are too small to ensure adequate statistical power. This has led to many false positives in the literature. We suggest a number of possible strategies to improve and remedy this problem: (a) pooling data sets, (b) using statistical techniques that exploit the greater information content of many genes considered jointly, and (c) focusing on economically relevant traits that are most proximate to known biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Benjamin
- Department of Economics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sandford AJ, Malhotra D, Boezen HM, Siedlinski M, Postma DS, Wong V, Akhabir L, He JQ, Connett JE, Anthonisen NR, Paré PD, Biswal S. NFE2L2 pathway polymorphisms and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:754-63. [PMID: 22693272 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00027.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the lung contributes to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2 or NRF2) is a critical molecule in the lung's defense mechanism against oxidants. We investigated whether polymorphisms in the NFE2L2 pathway affected the rate of decline of lung function in smokers from the Lung Health Study (LHS)(n = 547) and in a replication set, the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen cohort (n = 533). We selected polymorphisms in NFE2L2 in genes that positively or negatively regulate NFE2L2 transcriptional activity and in genes that are regulated by NFE2L2. Polymorphisms in 11 genes were significantly associated with rate of lung function decline in the LHS. One of these polymorphisms, rs11085735 in the KEAP1 gene, was previously shown to be associated with the level of lung function in the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen cohort but not with decline of lung function. Of the 23 associated polymorphisms in the LHS, only rs634534 in the FOSL1 gene showed a significant association in the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen cohort with rate of lung function decline, but the direction of the association was not consistent with that in the LHS. In summary, despite finding several nominally significant polymorphisms in the LHS, none of these associations were replicated in the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen cohort, indicating lack of effect of polymorphisms in the NFE2L2 pathway on the rate of decline of lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Sandford
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, Providence Heart + Lung Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mocchegiani E, Giacconi R, Costarelli L. Metalloproteases/anti-metalloproteases imbalance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: genetic factors and treatment implications. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2012; 17 Suppl 1:S11-9. [PMID: 22209925 DOI: 10.1097/01.mcp.0000410743.98087.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim is to describe the involvement of matrix metalloprotease (MMP), A Disintegrin And Metalloproteases (ADAM), tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP) polymorphisms and the role of α-2 Macroglobulin (α-2M) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development and progression, with a focus on interventions with synthetic MMP inhibitors alone or associated with current drugs used in COPD therapy in order to restore MMPs/TIMPs imbalance. RECENT FINDINGS COPD is one of the major causes of death in the elderly. It is characterized by progressive development of airflow limitation manifested by decreased forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and reduction in the percentage of FEV1/forced vital capacity. The major pathogenic role is played by metalloproteases (MMPs, ADAMs)/anti-metalloproteases (TIMPs, α-2M) imbalance, which is responsible for MMP overproduction not sufficiently counteracted by TIMPs or α-2M. As a consequence, the lung extracellular matrix is destroyed with obstruction of small airways and appearance of emphysema. SUMMARY The disease is mainly caused by exposure to cigarette smoke or noxious gases and air pollutants, but also genetic factors are involved. Among them, polymorphisms of MMPs (MMP1, MMP2, MMP9, MMP12), ADAMs (ADAM33) and TIMPs (TIMP1, TIMP2) are relevant, in which the inflammation and the smoking habit play key roles especially in unfavorable allele carriers. The association between these polymorphisms and the current drugs paves the way for personalized therapy with a great impact at clinical level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Mocchegiani
- Translational Research Centre of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Area, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Ancona, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tulah AS, Parker SG, Moffatt MF, Wardlaw AJ, Connolly MJ, Sayers I. The role of ALOX5AP, LTA4H and LTB4R polymorphisms in determining baseline lung function and COPD susceptibility in UK smokers. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:173. [PMID: 22206291 PMCID: PMC3267686 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background We have previously shown evidence that polymorphisms within genes controlling leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production (ALOX5AP and LTA4H) are associated with asthma susceptibility in children. Evidence also suggests a potential role of LTB4 in COPD disease mechanisms including recruitment of neutrophils to the lung. The aim of the current study was to see if these SNPs and those spanning the receptor genes for LTB4 (LTB4R1 and LTB4R2) influence baseline lung function and COPD susceptibility/severity in smokers. Methods Eight ALOX5AP, six LTA4H and six LTB4R single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in a UK Smoking Cohort (n = 992). Association with baseline lung function (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio) was determined by linear regression. Logistic regression was used to compare smoking controls (n = 176) with spirometry-defined COPD cases (n = 599) and to more severe COPD cases (GOLD stage 3 and 4, n = 389). Results No association with ALOX5AP, LTA4H or LTB4R survived correction for multiple testing. However, we showed modest association with LTA4H rs1978331C (intron 11) with increased FEV1 (p = 0.029) and with increased FEV1/FVC ratio (p = 0.020). Conclusions These data suggest that polymorphisms spanning ALOX5AP, LTA4H and the LTB4R locus are not major determinants of baseline lung function in smokers, but provide tentative evidence for LTA4H rs1978331C (intron 11) in determining baseline FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio in Caucasian Smokers in addition to our previously identified role in asthma susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif S Tulah
- Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, Nottingham Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Blasi F, Guffanti EE. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in the elderly. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011; 17 Suppl 1:S1. [DOI: 10.1097/01.mcp.0000410741.52346.8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|