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Ponzetti M, Ucci A, Puri C, Giacchi L, Flati I, Capece D, Zazzeroni F, Cappariello A, Rucci N, Falone S. Effects of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles on aggressiveness, redox status and mitochondrial bioenergetics of MNNG/HOS osteosarcoma cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:983254. [PMID: 36544705 PMCID: PMC9762506 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.983254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. The crosstalk between osteosarcoma and the surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME) drives key events that lead to metastasization, one of the main obstacles for definitive cure of most malignancies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid bilayer nanoparticles used by cells for intercellular communication, are emerging as critical biological mediators that permit the interplay between neoplasms and the tumour microenvironment, modulating re-wiring of energy metabolism and redox homeostatic processes. We previously showed that EVs derived from the human osteosarcoma cells influence bone cells, including osteoblasts. We here investigated whether the opposite could also be true, studying how osteoblast-derived EVs (OB-EVs) could alter tumour phenotype, mitochondrial energy metabolism, redox status and oxidative damage in MNNG/HOS osteosarcoma cells.These were treated with EVs obtained from mouse primary osteoblasts, and the following endpoints were investigated: i) cell viability and proliferation; ii) apoptosis; iii) migration and invasive capacity; iv) stemness features; v) mitochondrial function and energy metabolism; vi) redox status, antioxidant capacity and oxidative molecular damage. OB-EVs decreased MNNG/HOS metabolic activity and viability, which however was not accompanied by impaired proliferation nor by increased apoptosis, with respect to control. In addition, OB-EV-treated cells exhibited a significant reduction of motility and in vitro invasion as compared to untreated cells. Although the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine reverted the cytotoxic effect of OB-EVs, no evidence of oxidative stress was observed in treated cells. However, the redox balance of glutathione was significantly shifted towards a pro-oxidant state, even though the major antioxidant enzymatic protection did not respond to the pro-oxidant challenge. We did not find strong evidence of mitochondrial involvement or major energy metabolic switches induced by OB-EVs, but a trend of reduction in seahorse assay basal respiration was observed, suggesting that OB-EVs could represent a mild metabolic challenge for osteosarcoma cells. In summary, our findings suggest that OB-EVs could serve as important means through which TME and osteosarcoma core cross-communicate. For the first time, we proved that OB-EVs reduced osteosarcoma cells' aggressiveness and viability through redox-dependent signalling pathways, even though mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism did not appear as processes critically needed to respond to OB-EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ponzetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Argia Ucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Chiara Puri
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Luca Giacchi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Irene Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alfredo Cappariello
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy,*Correspondence: Nadia Rucci,
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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Veras K, Lucena CF, Goedcke J, Evangelista FS, Carpinelli A, Carvalho CRDO. Moderate Exercise Training Combined With a High-Fat and Sucrose Diet Protects Pancreatic Islet Function in Male C57BL/6J Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:881236. [PMID: 35669687 PMCID: PMC9165053 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.881236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is mainly caused by excess energy intake and physical inactivity, and the number of overweight/obese individuals has been steadily increasing for decades. Previous studies showed that rodents fed westernized diets exhibit endocrine pancreas deterioration and a range of metabolic disorders. This study evaluated the effects of moderated aerobic treadmill exercise training on pancreatic islet cell viability and function in mice consuming a high-fat and sucrose diet. In the present study, 60-day-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: control (C), fed a standard diet AIN-93M (3.83 kcal/g; 70% carbohydrate (cornstarch and dextrinized starch were chosen as the major source of carbohydrate for the AIN-93 diet. In addition, a small amount of sucrose), 20% protein (casein), and 10% fat (soybean) with no training (i.e., sedentary); C + training (CTR, fed the standard diet with eight weeks of exercise; high-fat diet + sucrose (HFDS), fed a high fat and sucrose diet (5.2 kcal/g; 20% carbohydrate (cornstarch and dextrinized starch were chosen as the major source of carbohydrate), 20% protein (casein), 60% fat (Lard was chosen as the major source of fat and a small amount of soybean) + 20% sucrose diluted in drinking water with no training; and HFDS + training (HFDSTR). After eight weeks, the HFDS mice displayed increased body weight (P<0.001) and epididymal, inguinal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue mass (P<0.01). These mice also presented insulin resistance (P<0.01), glucose intolerance (P<0.001), impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and were less responsive to the physiological net ROS production induced by glucose stimulus. The HFDS group's pancreatic islet cells were 38% less viable and 59% more apoptotic than those from the C group (P<0.05). The HFDSTR improved glucose tolerance, body mass, insulin sensitivity and GSIS (P<0.05). Furthermore, HFDSTR mice had 53% more viable isolated pancreatic islets cells and 29% fewer apoptotic cells than the HFDS group (P<0.01). Thus, exercise training may slow down and/or prevent adverse metabolic effects associated with consuming a westernized diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Veras
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Ferraz Lucena
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Goedcke
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Angelo Carpinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Marques-Aleixo I, Beleza J, Sampaio A, Stevanović J, Coxito P, Gonçalves I, Ascensão A, Magalhães J. Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Physical Exercise in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:674-693. [PMID: 32159378 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The prevalence and incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) tend to increase along with the enhanced average of the world life expectancy. NDDs are a major cause of morbidity and disability, affecting the health care, social and economic systems with a significant impact. Critical Issues and Recent Advances: Despite the worldwide burden of NDDs and the ongoing research efforts to increase the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in NDD pathophysiologies, pharmacological therapies have been presenting merely narrow benefits. On the contrary, absent of detrimental side effects but growing merits, regular physical exercise (PE) has been considered a prone pleiotropic nonpharmacological alternative able to modulate brain structure and function, thereby stimulating a healthier and "fitness" neurological phenotype. Future Directions: This review summarizes the state of the art of some peripheral and central-related mechanisms that underlie the impact of PE on brain plasticity as well as its relevance for the prevention and/or treatment of NDDs. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular signaling pathways associated with muscle contractions-related myokines release and its plausible positive effects in the brain. In addition, particular focus of research should address the role of PE in the modulation of mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress in the context of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Marques-Aleixo
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports, Lusofona University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Beleza
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnaldina Sampaio
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jelena Stevanović
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coxito
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | | | - António Ascensão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - José Magalhães
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Center in Physical Activity Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
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da Costa Daniele TM, de Bruin PFC, de Matos RS, de Bruin GS, Maia Chaves C, de Bruin VMS. Exercise effects on brain and behavior in healthy mice, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease model-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Behav Brain Res 2020; 383:112488. [PMID: 31991178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines how exercise modifies brain and behavior in healthy mice, dementia (D) and Parkinson disease (PD) models. A search was performed on the Medline and Scopus electronic databases (2008-2019). Search terms were "mice", "brain", "treadmill", "exercise", "physical exercise". In the total, 430 were found but only 103 were included. Animals n = 1,172; exercised 4-8 weeks (Range 24 h to 32 weeks), 60 min/day (Range 8-120 min per day), and 10/12 m/min (Range 0.2 m/min to 36 m/min). Hippocampus, cerebral cortex, striatum and whole brain were more frequently investigated. Exercise improved learning and memory. Meta-analysis showed that exercise increased: cerebral BDNF in health (n = 150; z = 5.8, CI 3.43-12.05; p < 0.001 I2 = 94.3 %), D (n = 124; z = 4.18, CI = 2.22-9.12; p < 0.001; I2 = 93.7 %) and PD (n = 16 z = 4.26, CI 5.03-48.73 p < 0.001 I2 = 94.8 %). TrkB improved in health (n = 84 z = 5.49, CI 3.8-17.73 p < 0.001, I2 = 0.000) and PD (n = 22; z = 3.1, CI = 2.58-67.3, p < 0.002 I2 = 93.8 %). Neurogenesis increased in health (n = 68; z = 7.08, CI 5.65-21.25 p < 0.001; I2 17.58) and D model (n = 116; z = 4.18, CI 2.22-9.12 p < 0.001 I2 93.7 %). Exercise augmented amyloid clearance (n = 166; z = 7.51 CI = 4.86-14.85, p < 0.001 I2 = 58.72) and reduced amyloid plaques in D models (n = 49; z = 4.65, CI = 3.94-15.3 p < 0.001 I2 = 0.000). In conclusion, exercise improved brain and behavior, neurogenesis in healthy and dementia models, reduced toxicity and cerebral amyloid. Evidence regarding inflammation, oxidative stress and energy metabolism were scarce. Studies examining acute vs chronic exercise, extreme training and the durability of exercise benefit were rare. Vascular or glucose metabolism changes were seldom reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Medeiros da Costa Daniele
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Sleep and Biological Rhythms Laboratory, UFC, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Brazil; Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR).
| | - Pedro Felipe Carvalhedo de Bruin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Sleep and Biological Rhythms Laboratory, UFC, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Brazil.
| | - Robson Salviano de Matos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Sleep and Biological Rhythms Laboratory, UFC, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Sales de Bruin
- Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Brazil; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, United States.
| | - Cauby Maia Chaves
- Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Brazil; Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, UFC, Brazil.
| | - Veralice Meireles Sales de Bruin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Sleep and Biological Rhythms Laboratory, UFC, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Brazil.
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Micheli L, Ceccarelli M, D'Andrea G, Costanzi M, Giacovazzo G, Coccurello R, Caruso C, Tirone F. Fluoxetine or Sox2 reactivate proliferation-defective stem and progenitor cells of the adult and aged dentate gyrus. Neuropharmacology 2018; 141:316-330. [PMID: 30142401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone are neurogenic niches where the production of new neurons from glia-like stem cells continues throughout adult life. It is not clear whether the pool of stem cells is fated to be exhausted or is conserved until old age. We observed that the antiproliferative gene Btg1 maintains the quiescence of stem cells, and its ablation causes an increase of stem/progenitor cells proliferation in neonatal mice followed by progressive loss of proliferation during adulthood. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant, which exerts a powerful neurogenic effect on dentate gyrus progenitor cells, but is ineffective on stem cells. Here we show that adult dentate gyrus stem cells in the Btg1 knockout mice, with reduced self-renewal and proliferative capability, can be reactivated by fluoxetine, which increases their number greatly above the level of control or fluoxetine-treated wild-type mice. The increase of mitotic index above wild-type in Btg1 knockout fluoxetine-treated stem cells indicates that fluoxetine forces quiescent stem cells to enter the cycle. Stem cell proliferation undergoes continuous reactivation until fluoxetine is administered. Remarkably, fluoxetine reactivates proliferation-defective stem cells also in aged Btg1 knockout mice (15-month-old), an effect absent in wild-type aged mice. Moreover, overexpression of Sox2 retrovirally transduced in Btg1 knockout dentate gyrus cells significantly increases the number of neuroblasts, indicating that Sox2 is able to promote the self-renewal of proliferation-defective stem cells. Overall, the deletion of an antiproliferative gene, such as Btg1, reveals that dentate gyrus stem cells retain a hidden plasticity for self-renewal also in old age, in agreement with a model of permanent self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione S.Lucia, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione S.Lucia, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio D'Andrea
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione S.Lucia, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy; Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università S.n.c., 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Marco Costanzi
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Piazza Delle Vaschette 101, 00193, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione S.Lucia, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione S.Lucia, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carla Caruso
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università S.n.c., 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione S.Lucia, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
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6
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Wong SY, Tang BL. SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2018; 27:813-825. [PMID: 27497424 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia in the aging population worldwide. SIRT1 deacetylation of histones and transcription factors impinge on multiple neuronal and non-neuronal targets, and modulates stress response, energy metabolism and cellular senescence/death pathways. Collectively, SIRT1 activity could potentially affect multiple aspects of hippocampal and cortical neuron function and survival, thus modifying disease onset and progression. In this review, the known and potential mechanisms of action of SIRT1 with regard to AD, and its potential as a therapeutic target, are discussed.
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Sirtuins as Modifiers of Huntington's Disease (HD) Pathology. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 154:105-145. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Micheli L, Ceccarelli M, Gioia R, D'Andrea G, Farioli-Vecchioli S, Costanzi M, Saraulli D, Cestari V, Tirone F. Terminal Differentiation of Adult Hippocampal Progenitor Cells Is a Step Functionally Dissociable from Proliferation and Is Controlled by Tis21, Id3 and NeuroD2. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:186. [PMID: 28740463 PMCID: PMC5502263 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation and differentiation are interdependent processes. Here, we have asked to what extent the two processes of neural progenitor cell amplification and differentiation are functionally separated. Thus, we analyzed whether it is possible to rescue a defect of terminal differentiation in progenitor cells of the dentate gyrus, where new neurons are generated throughout life, by inducing their proliferation and/or their differentiation with different stimuli appropriately timed. As a model we used the Tis21 knockout mouse, whose dentate gyrus neurons, as demonstrated by us and others, have an intrinsic defect of terminal differentiation. We first tested the effect of two proliferative as well as differentiative neurogenic stimuli, one pharmacological (fluoxetine), the other cognitive (the Morris water maze (MWM) training). Both effectively enhanced the number of new dentate gyrus neurons produced, and fluoxetine also reduced the S-phase length of Tis21 knockout dentate gyrus progenitor cells and increased the rate of differentiation of control cells, but neither factor enhanced the defective rate of differentiation. In contrast, the defect of terminal differentiation was fully rescued by in vivo infection of proliferating dentate gyrus progenitor cells with retroviruses either silencing Id3, an inhibitor of neural differentiation, or expressing NeuroD2, a proneural gene expressed in terminally differentiated dentate gyrus neurons. This is the first demonstration that NeuroD2 or the silencing of Id3 can activate the differentiation of dentate gyrus neurons, complementing a defect of differentiation. It also highlights how the rate of differentiation of dentate gyrus neurons is regulated genetically at several levels and that a neurogenic stimulus for amplification of neural stem/progenitor cells may not be sufficient in itself to modify this rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gioia
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio D'Andrea
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Costanzi
- Department of Human Sciences, Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta (LUMSA)Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Saraulli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Sciences, Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta (LUMSA)Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cestari
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza Università di RomaRome, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Fondazione Santa Lucia (IRCCS)Rome, Italy
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Regular and Moderate Exercise Counteracts the Decline of Antioxidant Protection but Not Methylglyoxal-Dependent Glycative Burden in the Ovary of Reproductively Aging Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3837623. [PMID: 28116035 PMCID: PMC5225388 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3837623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Population aging results in urgent needs of interventions aimed at ensuring healthy senescence. Exercise often results in healthy aging, yet many molecular mechanisms underlying such effects still need to be identified. We here investigated whether the age-dependent accumulation of oxidative and methylglyoxal- (MG-) related molecular damage could be delayed by moderate exercise in the mouse ovary, an organ that first exhibits impaired function with advancing age in mammals. CD1 female mice underwent two- or four-month treadmill-based running through the transition from adult to middle age, when ovaries show signs of senescence, and markers of protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MG were measured. The long-term exercise reduced the protein oxidative damage in the ovaries (P < 0.01), and this was linked to the preservation of the glutathione peroxidase protection against ROS (P < 0.001), as well as to the increased glutathione availability (P < 0.001). Conversely, even though the age-related deactivation of the MG-targeting systems was partially prevented by the long-term running programme (P < 0.001), exercised mice were not protected from the age-dependent glycative burden. In summary, lately initiated regular and moderate exercise limited some changes occurring in the ovaries of middle-aged mice, and this might help to develop nonpharmacological cointerventions to reduce the vulnerability of mammalian ovaries towards redox dysfunctions.
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Sthijns MMJPE, Weseler AR, Bast A, Haenen GRMM. Time in Redox Adaptation Processes: From Evolution to Hormesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101649. [PMID: 27690013 PMCID: PMC5085682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Life on Earth has to adapt to the ever changing environment. For example, due to introduction of oxygen in the atmosphere, an antioxidant network evolved to cope with the exposure to oxygen. The adaptive mechanisms of the antioxidant network, specifically the glutathione (GSH) system, are reviewed with a special focus on the time. The quickest adaptive response to oxidative stress is direct enzyme modification, increasing the GSH levels or activating the GSH-dependent protective enzymes. After several hours, a hormetic response is seen at the transcriptional level by up-regulating Nrf2-mediated expression of enzymes involved in GSH synthesis. In the long run, adaptations occur at the epigenetic and genomic level; for example, the ability to synthesize GSH by phototrophic bacteria. Apparently, in an adaptive hormetic response not only the dose or the compound, but also time, should be considered. This is essential for targeted interventions aimed to prevent diseases by successfully coping with changes in the environment e.g., oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Antje R Weseler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Guido R M M Haenen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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11
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Matafome P, Rodrigues T, Sena C, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal in Metabolic Disorders: Facts, Myths, and Promises. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:368-403. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- Department of Complementary Sciences; Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC); Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra; 3045-601 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Cristina Sena
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
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12
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Tang BL. Sirtuins as modifiers of Parkinson's disease pathology. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:930-942. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore; Singapore
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13
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Falone S, Santini S, di Loreto S, Cordone V, Grannonico M, Cesare P, Cacchio M, Amicarelli F. Improved Mitochondrial and Methylglyoxal-Related Metabolisms Support Hyperproliferation Induced by 50 Hz Magnetic Field in Neuroblastoma Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2014-25. [PMID: 26757151 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) are common environmental agents that are suspected to promote later stages of tumorigenesis, especially in brain-derived malignancies. Even though ELF magnetic fields have been previously linked to increased proliferation in neuroblastoma cells, no previous work has studied whether ELF-MF exposure may change key biomolecular features, such as anti-glycative defence and energy re-programming, both of which are currently considered as crucial factors involved in the phenotype and progression of many malignancies. Our study investigated whether the hyperproliferation that is induced in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells by a 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF magnetic field is supported by an improved defense towards methylglyoxal (MG), which is an endogenous cancer-static and glycating α-oxoaldehyde, and by rewiring of energy metabolism. Our findings show that not only the ELF magnetic field interfered with the biology of neuron-derived malignant cells, by de-differentiating further the cellular phenotype and by increasing the proliferative activity, but also triggered cytoprotective mechanisms through the enhancement of the defense against MG, along with a more efficient management of metabolic energy, presumably to support the rapid cell outgrowth. Intriguingly, we also revealed that the MF-induced bioeffects took place after an initial imbalance of the cellular homeostasis, which most likely created a transient unstable milieu. The biochemical pathways and molecular targets revealed in this research could be exploited for future approaches aimed at limiting or suppressing the deleterious effects of ELF magnetic fields. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2014-2025, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Silvano Santini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Silvia di Loreto
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT)-CNR, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Valeria Cordone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marta Grannonico
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cesare
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marisa Cacchio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT)-CNR, L'Aquila, Italy
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14
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Huang CC, Wang T, Tung YT, Lin WT. Effect of Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle SIRT1 and PGC-1α Expression Levels in Rats of Different Age. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:260-70. [PMID: 27076782 PMCID: PMC4829538 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) pathway drives the muscular fiber-type switching, and can directly regulate the biophysiological functions of skeletal muscle. To investigate whether 12-week swimming exercise training modulates the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway associated proteins expression in rats of different age. Male 3-month-old (3M), 12-month-old (12M) and 18-month-old (18M) Sprague-Dawley rats were used and assigned to sedentary control (C) or 12-week swimming exercise training (E) and divided into six groups: 3MC (n = 8), 12MC (n = 6), 18MC (n = 8), 3ME (n = 8), 12ME (n = 5) and 18ME (n = 6). Body weight, muscle weight, epididymal fat mass and muscle morphology were performed at the end of the experiment. The protein levels of SIRT1, PGC-1α, AMPK and FOXO3a in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were examined. The SIRT1, PGC-1α and AMPK levels in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were up-regulated in the three exercise training groups than three control groups. The FOXO3a level in the 12ME group significantly increased in the gastrocnemius muscles than 12MC group, but significantly decreased in the soleus muscles. In 3-, 12- and 18-month-old rats with and without exercise, there was a significant main effect of exercise on PGC-1α, AMPK and FOXO3a in the gastrocnemius muscles, and SIRT1, PGC-1α and AMPK in the soleus muscles. Our result suggests that swimming training can regulate the SIRT1/PGC-1α, AMPK and FOXO3a proteins expression of the soleus muscles in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chang Huang
- 1. Graduate Institute of Sports Science, College of Exercise and Health Sciences, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Ting Wang
- 2. Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- 1. Graduate Institute of Sports Science, College of Exercise and Health Sciences, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Teng Lin
- 2. Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
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15
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Gu Q, Zhao L, Ma YP, Liu JD. Contribution of mitochondrial function to exercise-induced attenuation of renal dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 406:217-25. [PMID: 25963667 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that exercise training exhibits renal protective effects in animal models of hypertension and chronic renal failure. However, the mechanisms regulating these effects of exercise training remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of mitochondrial function in exercise-induced attenuation of renal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The adult male SHR and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were given moderate-intensity exercise for 12 weeks or treated with MitoQ10 for 8 weeks. In this work, exercise training in SHR reduced blood pressure, and effectively attenuated renal dysfunction, marked by reduced creatinine excretion, albuminuria, blood urea nitrogen, and glomerular sclerosis. Exercise training in SHR reduced MDA levels in plasma and kidneys and suppressed formation of 3-nitrotyrosine in kidneys. Exercise training suppressed mitochondrial ROS and [Formula: see text] formation, enhanced ATP formation, reduced mitochondrial swelling, and restored electron transport chain enzyme activity in kidneys of SHR. Furthermore, exercise training upregulated protein expression of uncoupling protein 2 and manganese superoxide dismutase in kidneys of SHR. In addition, treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ10 exhibited similar renal protective effects in SHR. In conclusion, chronic aerobic exercise training preserved mitochondrial function and abated oxidative stress in the kidneys of SHR, which may in part explain the protective effect of exercise on renal function and structure in hypertensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gu
- School of Physical Education, Xi'an Technological University, 4 Jinhua Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China,
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16
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Sirtuin Functions in Female Fertility: Possible Role in Oxidative Stress and Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:659687. [PMID: 26075037 PMCID: PMC4436464 DOI: 10.1155/2015/659687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In search for strategies aimed at preventing oxidative threat to female fertility, a possible role of sirtuins has emerged. Sirtuins (silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) proteins), NAD(+) dependent enzymes with deacetylase and/or mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, are emerging as key antiaging molecules and regulators in many diseases. Recently, a crucial role for SIRT1 and SIRT3, the main components of sirtuin family, as sensors and guardians of the redox state in oocytes, granulosa cells, and early embryos has emerged. In this context, the aim of the present review is to summarize current knowledge from research papers on the role of sirtuins in female fertility with particular emphasis on the impairment of SIRT1 signalling with oocyte aging. On this basis, the authors wish to build up a framework to promote research on the possible role of sirtuins as targets for future strategies for female fertility preservation.
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Ng F, Wijaya L, Tang BL. SIRT1 in the brain-connections with aging-associated disorders and lifespan. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:64. [PMID: 25805970 PMCID: PMC4353374 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The silent mating type information regulation 2 proteins (sirtuins) 1 of class III histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been associated with health span and longevity. SIRT1, the best studied member of the mammalian sirtuins, has a myriad of roles in multiple tissues and organs. However, a significant part of SIRT1's role that impinges on aging and lifespan may lie in its activities in the central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Systemically, SIRT1 influences energy metabolism and circadian rhythm through its activity in the hypothalamic nuclei. From a cell biological perspective, SIRT1 is a crucial component of multiple interconnected regulatory networks that modulate dendritic and axonal growth, as well as survival against stress. This neuronal cell autonomous activity of SIRT1 is also important for neuronal plasticity, cognitive functions, as well as protection against aging-associated neuronal degeneration and cognitive decline. We discuss recent findings that have shed light on the various activities of SIRT1 in the brain, which collectively impinge on aging-associated disorders and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Ng
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laura Wijaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System Singapore, Singapore ; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore
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Di Loreto S, Falone S, D'Alessandro A, Santini S, Sebastiani P, Cacchio M, Amicarelli F. Regular and moderate exercise initiated in middle age prevents age-related amyloidogenesis and preserves synaptic and neuroprotective signaling in mouse brain cortex. Exp Gerontol 2014; 57:57-65. [PMID: 24835196 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the beneficial responses induced in the central nervous system by early-initiated exercise have been broadly investigated, the effects of a chronic and moderate lately-initiated exercise on biochemical hallmarks of very early brain senescence have not been extensively studied. We previously reported that a midlife-initiated regimen of moderate running was able not only to prevent the age-related decay of antioxidative and detoxification functions in mouse brain cortex, but also to preserve neurotrophic support and molecular integrity. On this basis, this work investigated whether and how a 2-mo or 4-mo midlife-initiated running protocol could affect the activity of those systems involved in maintaining neuronal function and in preventing the onset of neurodegeneration within the brain cortex of middle-aged CD-1 mice. In particular, we analyzed the production of the peptide amyloid-β and the expression of synapsin Ia, which is known to play a key role in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. In addition, we studied the expression of sirtuin 3, as a protein marker of neuroprotection against age-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as the pro-death pathway induced by proBDNF through the interaction with p75NTR and the co-receptor sortilin. The midlife-initiated 4-mo running program triggered multiple responses within the mouse brain cortex, through the activation of anti-amyloidogenic, pro-survival, synaptogenic and neuroprotective pathways. However, most of the beneficial actions of the exercise regimen appeared only after 4months, since 2-mo-exercised mice showed marked impairments of the endpoints we considered. This could imply that a midlife-initiated regimen of moderate treadmill running may require an adequate time lag to activate beneficial compensative mechanisms within the mouse brain cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Loreto
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Giosuè Carducci, 32 - Rotilio Center, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy.
| | - Antonella D'Alessandro
- Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Silvano Santini
- Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Pierluigi Sebastiani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Giosuè Carducci, 32 - Rotilio Center, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Marisa Cacchio
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Giosuè Carducci, 32 - Rotilio Center, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy; Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
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Kao CL, Tsai KL, Cheng YY, Kuo CH, Lee SD, Chan RC. Vestibular rehabilitation ameliorates chronic dizziness through the SIRT1 axis. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:27. [PMID: 24624081 PMCID: PMC3941041 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dizziness is a common clinical symptom frequently referred to general neurologists and practitioners. Exercise intervention, in the form of vestibular rehabilitation, is known as an effective clinical management for dizziness. This intervention is reported to have a functional role in correcting dizziness, improving gaze stability, retraining balance and gait, and enhancing physical fitness. Dizziness is known to be highly related to inflammation and oxidative stress. SIRT1 is a major molecule for the regulation of inflammation and mitigation of oxidative stress in chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the bio-molecular roles of SIRT1 involved in the pathogenesis of dizziness are still largely unclear. In this study, a total of 30 subjects were recruited (15 patients with chronic dizziness, and 15 age/gender matched non-dizzy control subjects). The dizzy subjects group received 18 sessions of 30-min vestibular training. We found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1 in the blood samples of chronic dizzy patients were repressed compared with those of healthy controls. After vestibular training, the dizzy patients had significant symptomatic improvements. The SIRT1 expression and its downstream genes (PPAR-γ and PGC-1α) were upregulated after vestibular exercises in dizzy subjects. Notably, the catalytic activity of SIRT1, NADPH and antioxidant enzyme activities were also activated in dizzy patients after vestibular training. Furthermore, vestibular exercise training reduced oxidative events and p53 expression in patients with dizziness. This study demonstrated that vestibular exercise training improved dizziness symptoms, and mechanisms for alleviation of chronic dizziness may partly involve the activation of the SIRT1 axis and the repression of redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Lan Kao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taiwan ; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taiwan ; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yang Cheng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Taipei Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rai-Chi Chan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taiwan ; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Taipei, Taiwan
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Watanabe K, Okada K, Fukabori R, Hayashi Y, Asahi K, Terawaki H, Kobayashi K, Watanabe T, Nakayama M. Methylglyoxal (MG) and cerebro-renal interaction: does long-term orally administered MG cause cognitive impairment in normal Sprague-Dawley rats? Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:254-69. [PMID: 24402234 PMCID: PMC3920260 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), one of the uremic toxins, is a highly reactive alpha-dicarbonyl compound. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the close associations of cognitive impairment (CI) with plasma MG levels and presence of kidney dysfunction. Therefore, the present study aims to examine whether MG is a direct causative substance for CI development. Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 9) and MG group (n = 10; 0.5% MG in drinking water), and fed a normal diet for 12 months. Cognitive function was evaluated by two behavioral tests (object exploration test and radial-arm maze test) in early (4–6 months of age) and late phase (7–12 months of age). Serum MG was significantly elevated in the MG group (495.8 ± 38.1 vs. 244.8 ± 28.2 nM; p < 0.001) at the end of study. The groups did not differ in cognitive function during the course of study. No time-course differences were found in oxidative stress markers between the two groups, while, antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly increased in the MG group compared to the control. Long-term MG administration to rats with normal kidney function did not cause CI. A counter-balanced activation of the systemic anti-oxidant system may offset the toxicity of MG in this model. Pathogenetic significance of MG for CI requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimio Watanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Kana Okada
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Fukabori
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Yoshimitsu Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Koichi Asahi
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Terawaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Nakayama
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
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Tatone C, Amicarelli F. The aging ovary--the poor granulosa cells. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:12-17. [PMID: 23273984 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of a competent oocyte intimately depends on the maintenance of energetic homeostasis in the ovarian and follicular microenvironment. On this basis, it is very likely that the oocyte ages as the ovary ages. Starting from the molecular evidence for energy perturbations in the whole ovary, we review current knowledge on the involvement of endogenous highly reactive metabolites in follicle aging. The first part provides an update of recent findings that confirm the key role of oxidative stress in aged granulosa cells. The second part focuses on studies providing evidence for the implication of advanced glycation end product (AGE) in aging reproductive dysfunction. With their prolonged half-life and ability to act as signaling molecules AGEs may gradually accumulate in the ovary and potentiate the wide spatiotemporal spread of oxidative stress. Clinical evidence for this view supports the hypothesis that AGE is a good candidate as a predictive marker and therapeutic target in new strategies for improving reproductive counseling in aging women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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