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Ahmad R, Ullah I, Ullah Z, Alam S, Rady A, Khan SS, Durrani IS. Genomic Exploration: Unraveling the Intricacies of Indica Rice Oryza sativa L. Germin-Like Protein Gene 12-3 ( OsGLP12-3) Promoter via Cloning, Sequencing, and In Silico Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15271-15281. [PMID: 38585130 PMCID: PMC10993326 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Germin and Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a class of plant proteins that are part of the Cupins superfamily, found in several plant organs including roots, seeds, leaves, and nectar glands. They play a crucial role in plant defense against pathogens and environmental stresses. Herein, this study focused on the promoter analysis of OsGLP12-3 in rice cultivar Swat-1 to elucidate its regulation and functions. The region (1863bp) of the OsGLP12-3 promoter from Swat-1 genomic DNA was amplified, purified, quantified, and cloned using Topo cloning technology, followed by sequencing. Further in silico comparative analysis was conducted between the OsGLP12-3 promoters from Nipponbare and Swat-1 using the Plant CARE database, identifying 24 cis-acting regulatory elements with diverse functions. These elements exhibited distinct distribution patterns in the 2 rice varieties. The OsGLP12-3 promoter revealed an abundance of regulatory elements associated with biotic and abiotic stress responses. Computational tools were employed to analyze the regulatory features of this region. In silico expression analysis of OsGLP12-3, considering various developmental stages, stress conditions, hormones, and expression timing, was performed using the TENOR tool. Pairwise alignment indicated 86% sequence similarity between Nipponbare and Swat-1. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to explore the evolutionary relationship between the OsGLP12-3 and other plant GLPs. Additionally, 2 unique regulatory elements were modeled and docked, GARE and MBS to understand their hydrogen bonding interactions in gene regulation. The study highlights the importance of OsGLP12-3 in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, supported by its expression patterns in response to various stressors and the presence of specific regulatory elements within its promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ahmad
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- College
of Life Science and Technology, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zakir Ullah
- College
of Life Science and Technology, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shahab Alam
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Rady
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahin Shah Khan
- College
of Life Science and Technology, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Irfan Safdar Durrani
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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2
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Yadav P, Khatri N, Gupta R, Mudgil Y. Proteomic profiling of Arabidopsis G-protein β subunit AGB1 mutant under salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:571-586. [PMID: 38737318 PMCID: PMC11087450 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is a limiting environmental factor that inhibits plant growth in most ecological environments. The functioning of G-proteins and activated downstream signaling during salt stress is well established and different G-protein subunits and a few downstream effectors have been identified. Arabidopsis G-protein β-subunit (AGB1) regulates the movement of Na+ from roots to shoots along with a significant role in controlling Na+ fluxes in roots, however, the molecular mechanism of AGB1 mediated salt stress regulation is not well understood. Here, we report the comparative proteome profiles of Arabidopsis AGB1 null mutant agb1-2 to investigate how the absence of AGB1 modulates the protein repertoire in response to salt stress. High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) showed 27 protein spots that were differentially modulated between the control and NaCl treated agb1-2 seedlings of which seven were identified by mass spectrometry. Functional annotation and interactome analysis indicated that the salt-responsive proteins were majorly associated with cellulose synthesis, structural maintenance of chromosomes, DNA replication/repair, organellar RNA editing and indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. Further exploration of the functioning of these proteins could serve as a potential stepping stone for dissection of molecular mechanism of AGB1 functions during salt stress and in long run could be extrapolated to crop plants for salinity stress management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Nisha Khatri
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707 South Korea
| | - Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
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3
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Ilyas M, Rahman A, Khan NH, Haroon M, Hussain H, Rehman L, Alam M, Rauf A, Waggas DS, Bawazeer S. Analysis of Germin-like protein genes family in Vitis vinifera (VvGLPs) using various in silico approaches. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e256732. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Germin-like proteins (GLPs) play an important role against various stresses. Vitis vinifera L. genome contains 7 GLPs; many of them are functionally unexplored. However, the computational analysis may provide important new insight into their function. Currently, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, domain architectures, 3D structures, N-glycosylation & phosphorylation sites, and phylogeney of the VvGLPs were investigated using the latest computational tools. Their functions were predicted using the Search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING) and Blast2Go servers. Most of the VvGLPs were extracellular (43%) in nature but also showed periplasmic (29%), plasma membrane (14%), and mitochondrial- or chloroplast-specific (14%) expression. The functional analysis predicted unique enzymatic activities for these proteins including terpene synthase, isoprenoid synthase, lipoxygenase, phosphate permease, receptor kinase, and hydrolases generally mediated by Mn+ cation. VvGLPs showed similarity in the overall structure, shape, and position of the cupin domain. Functionally, VvGLPs control and regulate the production of secondary metabolites to cope with various stresses. Phylogenetically VvGLP1, -3, -4, -5, and VvGLP7 showed greater similarity due to duplication while VvGLP2 and VvGLP6 revealed a distant relationship. Promoter analysis revealed the presence of diverse cis-regulatory elements among which CAAT box, MYB, MYC, unnamed-4 were common to all of them. The analysis will help to utilize VvGLPs and their promoters in future food programs by developing resistant cultivars against various biotic (Erysiphe necator and in Powdery Mildew etc.) and abiotic (Salt, drought, heat, dehydration, etc.) stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Alam
- University of Swabi, Pakistan
| | - A. Rauf
- University of Swabi, Pakistan
| | - D. S. Waggas
- Fakeeh College of Medical Sciences, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Ilyas M, Ali I, Nasser Binjawhar D, Ullah S, Eldin SM, Ali B, Iqbal R, Bokhari SHA, Mahmood T. Molecular Characterization of Germin-like Protein Genes in Zea mays ( ZmGLPs) Using Various In Silico Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16327-16344. [PMID: 37179620 PMCID: PMC10173433 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Germin (GER) and germin-like proteins (GLPs) play an important role in various plant processes. Zea mays contains 26 germin-like protein genes (ZmGLPs) located on chromosomes 2, 4, and 10; most of which are functionally unexplored. The present study aimed to characterize all ZmGLPs using the latest computational tools. All of them were studied at a physicochemical, subcellular, structural, and functional level, and their expression was predicted in plant development, against biotic and abiotic stresses using various in silico approaches. Overall, ZmGLPs showed greater similarity in their physicochemical properties, domain architecture, and structure, mostly localized in the cytoplasmic or extracellular regions. Phylogenetically, they have a narrow genetic background with a recent history of gene duplication events on chromosome 4. Functional analysis revealed novel enzymatic activities of phosphoglycolate phosphatase, adenosylhomocysteinase, phosphoglycolate phosphatase-like, osmotin/thaumatin-like, and acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase largely mediated by disulfide bonding. Expression analysis revealed their crucial role in the root, root tips, crown root, elongation and maturation zones, radicle, and cortex with the highest expression being observed during germination and at the maturity levels. Further, ZmGLPs showed strong expression against biotic (Aspergillus flavus, Colletotrichum graminicola, Cercospora zeina, Fusarium verticillioides, and Fusarium virguliforme) while limited expression was noted against abiotic stresses. Concisely, our results provide a platform for additional functional exploration of the ZmGLP genes against various environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ilyas
- Department
of Botany, Kohsar University Murree, Murree 19679, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Centre
for Plant Science and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department
of Genetics and Development, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Dalal Nasser Binjawhar
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Forestry & Range Management, Kohsar
University Murree, Murree 19679, Pakistan
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center
of
Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future
University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Syed Habib Ali Bokhari
- Department
of Biosciences, CUI, Islamabad, Pakistan; Faculty of Biomedical and
Life Sciences, Kohsar University Murree, Murree 19679, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Hu F, Ye Z, Dong K, Zhang W, Fang D, Cao J. Divergent structures and functions of the Cupin proteins in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124791. [PMID: 37164139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cupin superfamily proteins have extensive functions. Their members are not only involved in the development of plants but also responded to various stresses. Whereas, the research on the Cupin members has not attracted enough attention. In this article, we summarized the research progress on these family genes in recent years and explored their evolution, structural characteristics, and biological functions. The significance of members of the Cupin family in the development of plant cell walls, roots, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds and their role in stress response are highlighted. Simultaneously, the prospective application of Cupin protein in crop enhancement was introduced. Some members can enhance plant growth, development, and resistance to adversity, thereby increasing crop yield. It will be as a foundation for future effective crop research and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kui Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weimeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Da Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Li Z, Fu Z, Zhang S, Zhang X, Xue X, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Lai Z, Lin Y. Genome-wide analysis of the GLP gene family and overexpression of GLP1-5-1 to promote lignin accumulation during early somatic embryo development in Dimocarpus longan. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:138. [PMID: 36944911 PMCID: PMC10029309 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an economically important subtropical fruit tree. Its fruit quality and yield are affected by embryo development. As a plant seed germination marker gene, the germin-like protein (GLP) gene plays an important role in embryo development. However, the mechanism underlying the role of the GLP gene in somatic embryos is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted genome-wide identification of the longan GLP (DlGLP) gene and preliminarily verified the function of DlGLP1-5-1. Thirty-five genes were identified as longan GLP genes and divided into 8 subfamilies. Based on transcriptome data and qRT‒PCR results, DlGLP genes exhibited the highest expression levels in the root, and the expression of most DlGLPs was upregulated during the early somatic embryogenesis (SE) in longan and responded to high temperature stress and 2,4-D treatment; eight DlGLP genes were upregulated under MeJA treatment, and four of them were downregulated under ABA treatment. Subcellular localization showed that DlGLP5-8-2 and DlGLP1-5-1 were located in the cytoplasm and extracellular stroma/chloroplast, respectively. Overexpression of DIGLP1-5-1 in the globular embryos (GEs) of longan promoted the accumulation of lignin and decreased the H2O2 content by regulating the activities of ROS-related enzymes. The results provide a reference for the functional analysis of DlGLPs and related research on improving lignin accumulation in the agricultural industry through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyun Li
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhuoran Fu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaodong Xue
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Yuling Lin
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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7
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Yang Q, Sharif Y, Zhuang Y, Chen H, Zhang C, Fu H, Wang S, Cai T, Chen K, Raza A, Wang L, Zhuang W. Genome-wide identification of germin-like proteins in peanut ( Arachis hypogea L.) and expression analysis under different abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1044144. [PMID: 36756235 PMCID: PMC9901545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1044144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Peanut is an important food and feed crop, providing oil and protein nutrients. Germins and germin-like proteins (GLPs) are ubiquitously present in plants playing numerous roles in defense, growth and development, and different signaling pathways. However, the GLP members have not been comprehensively studied in peanut at the genome-wide scale. We carried out a genome-wide identification of the GLP genes in peanut genome. GLP members were identified comprehensively, and gene structure, genomic positions, motifs/domains distribution patterns, and phylogenetic history were studied in detail. Promoter Cis-elements, gene duplication, collinearity, miRNAs, protein-protein interactions, and expression were determined. A total of 84 GLPs (AhGLPs ) were found in the genome of cultivated peanut. These GLP genes were clustered into six groups. Segmental duplication events played a key role in the evolution of AhGLPs, and purifying selection pressure was underlying the duplication process. Most AhGLPs possessed a well-maintained gene structure and motif organization within the same group. The promoter regions of AhGLPs contained several key cis-elements responsive to 'phytohormones', 'growth and development', defense, and 'light induction'. Seven microRNAs (miRNAs) from six families were found targeting 25 AhGLPs. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that AhGLPs are highly enriched in nutrient reservoir activity, aleurone grain, external encapsulating structure, multicellular organismal reproductive process, and response to acid chemicals, indicating their important biological roles. AhGLP14, AhGLP38, AhGLP54, and AhGLP76 were expressed in most tissues, while AhGLP26, AhGLP29, and AhGLP62 showed abundant expression in the pericarp. AhGLP7, AhGLP20, and AhGLP21, etc., showed specifically high expression in embryo, while AhGLP12, AhGLP18, AhGLP40, AhGLP78, and AhGLP82 were highly expressed under different hormones, water, and temperature stress. The qRT-PCR results were in accordance with the transcriptome expression data. In short, these findings provided a foundation for future functional investigations on the AhGLPs for peanut breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuhui Zhuang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huiwen Fu
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiecheng Cai
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Weijian Zhuang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
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Mao L, Ge L, Ye X, Xu L, Si W, Ding T. ZmGLP1, a Germin-like Protein from Maize, Plays an Important Role in the Regulation of Pathogen Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214316. [PMID: 36430797 PMCID: PMC9699084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A gene encoding a protein similar to germin-like proteins (GLPs) was obtained from maize (Zea mays) and designated as ZmGLP1. Based on the ZmGLP1 conserved domain and phylogenetic status, ZmGLP1 was grouped into GLP subfamily b and has high similarity to OsGLP8-14 from Oryza sativa. ZmGLP1 is expressed in different maize tissues during different growth stages and is mainly expressed in the stems and leaves. The induced expression patterns confirmed that ZmGLP1 is differentially expressed under abiotic and hormone stress; it had an early response to jasmonic acid (JA) and ethephon (ET) but a late response to salicylic acid (SA) and was significantly upregulated under Bipolaris maydis infection. The overexpression of ZmGLP1 in Arabidopsis improved the resistance to biotrophic Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000) and necrotrophic Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by inducing the expression of JA signaling-related genes. Moreover, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content increased due to the overexpression of ZmGLP1 in Arabidopsis after pathogen infection. Compared to the wild-type control, the H2O2 content of ZmGLP1-overexpressing Arabidopsis infected by PstDC3000 increased significantly but was lower in transgenic plants infected with S. sclerotiorum. Furthermore, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass (HPLC-MS/MS) spectrometry showed that the JA contents of ZmGLP1-overexpressing Arabidopsis markedly increased after pathogen infection. However, the improved resistance of ZmGLP1-overexpressing Arabidopsis pretreated with the JA biosynthetic inhibitor, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (DIECA), was suppressed. Based on these findings, we speculate that ZmGLP1 plays an important role in the regulation of Arabidopsis resistance to biotrophic PstDC3000 and necrotrophic S. sclerotiorum; the regulatory effects are achieved by inducing plant oxidative burst activity and activation of the JA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixue Mao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lijie Ge
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xinchun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Li Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Weina Si
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ting Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-551-6578-6464; Fax: +86-551-6578-6021
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Lamanchai K, Smirnoff N, Salmon DL, Ngernmuen A, Roytrakul S, Leetanasaksakul K, Kittisenachai S, Jantasuriyarat C. OsVTC1-1 Gene Silencing Promotes a Defense Response in Rice and Enhances Resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2189. [PMID: 36079570 PMCID: PMC9460107 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast disease is a serious disease in rice caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae). Ascorbic acid (AsA), or vitamin C, is a strong antioxidant that prevents oxidative damage to cellular components and plays an essential role in plant defense response. GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP or VTC1) is an enzyme that generates GDP-D-mannose for AsA, cell wall, and glycoprotein synthesis. The OsVTC1 gene has three homologs in the rice genome: OsVTC1-1, OsVTC1-3, and OsVTC1-8. Using OsVTC1-1 RNAi lines, this study investigated the role of the OsVTC1-1 gene during rice blast fungus inoculation. The OsVTC1-1 RNAi inoculated with rice blast fungus induced changes to cell wall monosaccharides, photosynthetic efficiency, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, the OsVTC1-1 RNAi lines were shown to be more resistant to rice blast fungus than the wild type. Genes and proteins related to defense response, plant hormone synthesis, and signaling pathways, especially salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, were up-regulated in the OsVTC1-1 RNAi lines after rice blast inoculation. These results suggest that the OsVTC1-1 gene regulates rice blast resistance through several defense mechanisms, including hormone synthesis and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanyanat Lamanchai
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Deborah L. Salmon
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Athipat Ngernmuen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kantinan Leetanasaksakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Suthathip Kittisenachai
- Functional Proteomics Technology, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Jantasuriyarat
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart (CASTNAR, NRU-KU), Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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10
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He Y, Li Y, Bai Z, Xie M, Zuo R, Liu J, Xia J, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Zhang Y, Liu S. Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of cupin_1 domain-containing members involved in the responses to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and abiotic stress in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:983786. [PMID: 35979083 PMCID: PMC9377217 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.983786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cupin_1 domain-containing proteins (CDPs) are ubiquitously present in higher plants, which are known to play essential roles in various biological processes. In this study, we carried out genome-wide characterization and systematic investigation of the CDP genes in Brassica napus. A total of 96 BnCDPs, including 71 germin-like proteins (GLPs; proteins with a single cupin_1 domain) and 25 CDP bicupins (proteins with two cupin_1 domains), were identified and clustered into six distinct subfamilies (I-VI) based on the phylogenic analysis, gene structure and motif distribution. Further analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication are main contributors to the species-specific expansion of the BnCDP gene family, and all the duplicated genes subsequently underwent strong purification selection. The promoter region of BnCDPs showed enrichment of cis-regulatory elements associated with development, hormone and stress, as well as transcription factor binding sites, which validates the prediction that BnCDPs are widely involved in plant growth and biotic and abiotic stress responses. The BnCDPs in different subfamilies exhibited obvious differences in expression among 30 developmental tissues/stages of B. napus, implying that BnCDPs may be involved in tissue- and stage-specific developmental processes. Similar trends in expression of most BnCDPs were observed under Sclerotinia sclerotiorum inoculation and four abiotic stresses (dehydration, cold, ABA and salinity), particularly the BnGLPs in subfamily I and III with single cupin_1 domain, revealing that BnCDPs are of great importance in the environmental adaption of B. napus. We then performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 274 B. napus core germplasms on S. sclerotiorum resistance and identified four significantly associated loci harboring five BnGLPs. The expression levels of two candidate genes, BnGLP1.A08 and BnGLP1.C08, were significantly correlated with S. sclerotiorum resistance. Their functional responses to multiple stages of S. sclerotiorum inoculation and four abiotic stresses were further examined through qPCR. Overall, this study provides rich resources for research on the function and evolutionary playground of CDP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou He
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zetao Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Meili Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Lavagi-Craddock I, Dang T, Comstock S, Osman F, Bodaghi S, Vidalakis G. Transcriptome Analysis of Citrus Dwarfing Viroid Induced Dwarfing Phenotype of Sweet Orange on Trifoliate Orange Rootstock. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061144. [PMID: 35744662 PMCID: PMC9228058 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dwarfed citrus trees for high-density plantings or mechanized production systems will be key for future sustainable citrus production. Citrus trees consist of two different species of scion and rootstock. Therefore, any observed phenotype results from gene expression in both species. Dwarfed sweet orange trees on trifoliate rootstock have been produced using citrus dwarfing viroid (CDVd). We performed RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of CDVd-infected stems and roots and compared them to non-infected controls. The identified differentially expressed genes validated with RT-qPCR corresponded to various physiological and developmental processes that could be associated with the dwarfing phenotype. For example, the transcription factors MYB13 and MADS-box, which regulate meristem functions and activate stress responses, were upregulated in the stems. Conversely, a calcium-dependent lipid-binding protein that regulates membrane transporters was downregulated in the roots. Most transcriptome reprogramming occurred in the scion rather than in the rootstock; this agrees with previous observations of CDVd affecting the growth of sweet orange stems while not affecting the trifoliate rootstock. Furthermore, the lack of alterations in the pathogen defense transcriptome supports the term “Transmissible small nuclear ribonucleic acid,” which describes CDVd as a modifying agent of tree performance with desirable agronomic traits rather than a disease-causing pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lavagi-Craddock
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (I.L.-C.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Tyler Dang
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (I.L.-C.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Stacey Comstock
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (I.L.-C.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Fatima Osman
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Sohrab Bodaghi
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (I.L.-C.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Georgios Vidalakis
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (I.L.-C.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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San Clemente H, Kolkas H, Canut H, Jamet E. Plant Cell Wall Proteomes: The Core of Conserved Protein Families and the Case of Non-Canonical Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084273. [PMID: 35457091 PMCID: PMC9029284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cell wall proteins (CWPs) play critical roles during plant development and in response to stresses. Proteomics has revealed their great diversity. With nearly 1000 identified CWPs, the Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall proteome is the best described to date and it covers the main plant organs and cell suspension cultures. Other monocot and dicot plants have been studied as well as bryophytes, such as Physcomitrella patens and Marchantia polymorpha. Although these proteomes were obtained using various flowcharts, they can be searched for the presence of members of a given protein family. Thereby, a core cell wall proteome which does not pretend to be exhaustive, yet could be defined. It comprises: (i) glycoside hydrolases and pectin methyl esterases, (ii) class III peroxidases, (iii) Asp, Ser and Cys proteases, (iv) non-specific lipid transfer proteins, (v) fasciclin arabinogalactan proteins, (vi) purple acid phosphatases and (vii) thaumatins. All the conserved CWP families could represent a set of house-keeping CWPs critical for either the maintenance of the basic cell wall functions, allowing immediate response to environmental stresses or both. Besides, the presence of non-canonical proteins devoid of a predicted signal peptide in cell wall proteomes is discussed in relation to the possible existence of alternative secretion pathways.
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13
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Mohd Afandi NS, Habib MAH, Ismail MN. Recent insights on gene expression studies on Hevea Brasiliensis fatal leaf fall diseases. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:471-484. [PMID: 35400887 PMCID: PMC8943083 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hevea brasiliensis is one of the most important agricultural commodities globally, heavily cultivated in Southeast Asia. Fatal leaf fall diseases cause aggressive leaf defoliation, linked to lower latex yield and death of crops before maturity. Due to the significant consequences of the disease to H. brasiliensis, the recent gene expression studies from four fall leaf diseases of H. brasiliensis were gathered; South American leaf blight, powdery mildew, Corynespora cassiicola and Phytophthora leaf fall disease. The differential analysis observed the pattern of commonly expressed genes upon fungi triggers using RT-PCR, DDRT-PCR, Real-time qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq. We have observed that RNA-Seq is the best tool to seek novel genes. Among the identified genes with defence-against fungi were pathogenesis-related genes such as β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase, the reactive oxygen species, and the phytoalexin biosynthesis. This manuscript also provided functional elaboration on the responsive genes and predicted possible biosynthetic pathways to identify and characterise novel genes in the future. At the end of the manuscript, the PCR methods and proteomic approaches were presented for future molecular and biochemical studies in the related diseases to H. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syafiqah Mohd Afandi
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Afiq Hazlami Habib
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nazri Ismail
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
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14
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Kolkas H, Balliau T, Chourré J, Zivy M, Canut H, Jamet E. The Cell Wall Proteome of Marchantia polymorpha Reveals Specificities Compared to Those of Flowering Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:765846. [PMID: 35095945 PMCID: PMC8792609 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.765846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Primary plant cell walls are composite extracellular structures composed of three major classes of polysaccharides (pectins, hemicelluloses, and cellulose) and of proteins. The cell wall proteins (CWPs) play multiple roles during plant development and in response to environmental stresses by remodeling the polysaccharide and protein networks and acting in signaling processes. To date, the cell wall proteome has been mostly described in flowering plants and has revealed the diversity of the CWP families. In this article, we describe the cell wall proteome of an early divergent plant, Marchantia polymorpha, a Bryophyte which belong to one of the first plant species colonizing lands. It has been possible to identify 410 different CWPs from three development stages of the haploid gametophyte and they could be classified in the same functional classes as the CWPs of flowering plants. This result underlied the ability of M. polymorpha to sustain cell wall dynamics. However, some specificities of the M. polymorpha cell wall proteome could be highlighted, in particular the importance of oxido-reductases such as class III peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases, D-mannose binding lectins, and dirigent-like proteins. These proteins families could be related to the presence of specific compounds in the M. polymorpha cell walls, like mannans or phenolics. This work paves the way for functional studies to unravel the role of CWPs during M. polymorpha development and in response to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Kolkas
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Thierry Balliau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE-Le Moulon, PAPPSO, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Josiane Chourré
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Michel Zivy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE-Le Moulon, PAPPSO, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hervé Canut
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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15
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Urwat U, Ahmad SM, Masi A, Ganai NA, Murtaza I, Khan I, Zargar SM. Fe and Zn stress induced gene expression analysis unraveled mechanisms of mineral homeostasis in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Sci Rep 2021; 11:24026. [PMID: 34912040 PMCID: PMC8674274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03506-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) stress significantly affects fundamental metabolic and physiological processes in plants that results in reduction of plant growth and development. In the present study, common bean variety; Shalimar French Bean-1 (SFB-1) was used as an experimental material. Four different MGRL media i.e. normal MGRL medium (Control), media without Fe (0-Fe), media without Zn (0-Zn) and media with excess Zn (300-Zn) were used for growing seeds of SFB-1 under in vitro condition for three weeks under optimum conditions. Three week old shoot and root tissues were harvested from the plants grown in these four different in vitro conditions and were, subjected to Fe and Zn estimation. Further, extraction of total RNA for differential gene expression of ten candidate genes selected based on our in silico investigation and their classification, phylogeny and expression pattern was unraveled. Expression analysis of three candidate genes (OPT3, NRAMP2 and NRAMP3) in roots revealed possible cross talk among Fe/Zn stress that was further confirmed by observing less accumulation of Fe in roots under both these conditions. However, we observed, higher accumulation of Fe in shoots under 0-Fe condition compared to control that suggests precise sensing for priority based compartmentalization and partitioning leading to higher accumulation of Fe in shoots. Furthermore, the expression analysis of IRT1, FRO1 and Ferritin 1 genes under Fe/Zn stress suggested their role in uptake/transport and signaling of Fe and Zn, whereas the expression of ZIP2, NRAMP1, HA2 and GLP1 genes were highly responsive to Zn in Phaseolus vulgaris. The identified genes highly responsive to Fe and Zn stress condition can be potential candidates for overcoming mineral stress in dicot crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uneeb Urwat
- grid.444725.40000 0004 0500 6225Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- grid.444725.40000 0004 0500 6225Division of Animal Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Antonio Masi
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nazir Ahmad Ganai
- grid.444725.40000 0004 0500 6225Division of Animal Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Imtiyaz Murtaza
- grid.444725.40000 0004 0500 6225Divisions of Basic Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Imran Khan
- grid.444725.40000 0004 0500 6225Division of Statistics, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
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16
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Zheng H, Wang R, Jiang Q, Zhang D, Mu R, Xu Y, Nnaemeka VE, Mei J, Zhao Y, Cai F, Yu D, Sun Y, Ke L. Identification and functional analysis of a pollen fertility-associated gene GhGLP4 of Gossypium hirsutum L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:3237-3247. [PMID: 34272568 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Cotton male fertility-associated gene GhGLP4, encoding a germin-like protein, is essential for anthers development by keeping ROS homeostasis through reducing H2O2 level. Utilization of heterosis is an important way to increase cotton yield and improve fiber quality in hybrid cotton development programs. Male sterility is used in the development of cotton hybrids to reduce the cost of hybrid seed production by eliminating the process of emasculation. From the transcriptome analysis of genic male sterile mutant (ms1) and its background C312 of G. hirsutum, a gene encoding germin-like protein (GhGLP4) was found significantly down-regulated in different developmental stages of ms1 anthers. To explore the gene function in cotton fertility, GhGLP4 was further studied and interfered by virus-induced gene silencing. In the GhGLP4 interfered cotton lines, the expression level of GhGLP4 was significantly decreased in the stamens, and the down-regulation of GhGLP4 resulted in pollen sac closure, stigma exertion, filament shortening, decrease in the number of anthers and complete male sterility. The expression levels of respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rboh, NADPH oxidase) were significantly altered. Further investigation showed that the SOD activity decreased while the H2O2 content increased in the atypical stamens. These results indicated that GhGLP4 gene affected the cotton anther development through maintenance of ROS homeostasis by H2O2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zheng
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongjia Wang
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qimeng Jiang
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Diandian Zhang
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongrong Mu
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihan Xu
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Vitalis E Nnaemeka
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Mei
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangfang Cai
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongliang Yu
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqiang Sun
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Ke
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
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Gupta P, Geniza M, Naithani S, Phillips JL, Haq E, Jaiswal P. Chia ( Salvia hispanica) Gene Expression Atlas Elucidates Dynamic Spatio-Temporal Changes Associated With Plant Growth and Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:667678. [PMID: 34354718 PMCID: PMC8330693 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.667678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.), now a popular superfood and a pseudocereal, is one of the richest sources of dietary nutrients such as protein, fiber, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). At present, the genomic and genetic information available in the public domain for this crop are scanty, which hinders an understanding of its growth and development and genetic improvement. We report an RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based comprehensive transcriptome atlas of Chia sampled from 13 tissue types covering vegetative and reproductive growth stages. We used ~355 million high-quality reads of total ~394 million raw reads from transcriptome sequencing to generate de novo reference transcriptome assembly and the tissue-specific transcript assemblies. After the quality assessment of the merged assemblies and implementing redundancy reduction methods, 82,663 reference transcripts were identified. About 65,587 of 82,663 transcripts were translated into 99,307 peptides, and we were successful in assigning InterPro annotations to 45,209 peptides and gene ontology (GO) terms to 32,638 peptides. The assembled transcriptome is estimated to have the complete sequence information for ~86% of the genes found in the Chia genome. Furthermore, the analysis of 53,200 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) revealed their distinct expression patterns in Chia's vegetative and reproductive tissues; tissue-specific networks and developmental stage-specific networks of transcription factors (TFs); and the regulation of the expression of enzyme-coding genes associated with important metabolic pathways. In addition, we identified 2,411 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) as potential genetic markers from the transcripts. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive transcriptome atlas, and SSRs, contributing to building essential genomic resources to support basic research, genome annotation, functional genomics, and molecular breeding of Chia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Matthew Geniza
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sushma Naithani
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jeremy L. Phillips
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ebaad Haq
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Pankaj Jaiswal
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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18
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Amirbakhtiar N, Ismaili A, Ghaffari MR, Mirdar Mansuri R, Sanjari S, Shobbar ZS. Transcriptome analysis of bread wheat leaves in response to salt stress. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254189. [PMID: 34242309 PMCID: PMC8270127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the main abiotic stresses limiting crop productivity. In the current study, the transcriptome of wheat leaves in an Iranian salt-tolerant cultivar (Arg) was investigated in response to salinity stress to identify salinity stress-responsive genes and mechanisms. More than 114 million reads were generated from leaf tissues by the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. An amount of 81.9% to 85.7% of reads could be mapped to the wheat reference genome for different samples. The data analysis led to the identification of 98819 genes, including 26700 novel transcripts. A total of 4290 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognized, comprising 2346 up-regulated genes and 1944 down-regulated genes. Clustering of the DEGs utilizing Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that transcripts associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, transporters, transcription factors, hormone signal transduction, glycosyltransferases, exosome, and MAPK signaling might be involved in salt tolerance. The expression patterns of nine DEGs were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR in Arg and Moghan3 as the salt-tolerant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. The obtained results were consistent with changes in transcript abundance found by RNA-sequencing in the tolerant cultivar. The results presented here could be utilized for salt tolerance enhancement in wheat through genetic engineering or molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Amirbakhtiar
- Plant Production and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
- National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ismaili
- Plant Production and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Ghaffari
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Raheleh Mirdar Mansuri
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Sepideh Sanjari
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra-Sadat Shobbar
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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Zhang M, Xu J, Ren R, Liu G, Yao X, Lou L, Xu J, Yang X. Proteomic Analysis of Fusarium oxysporum-Induced Mechanism in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:632758. [PMID: 33747013 PMCID: PMC7969889 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.632758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Grafting can improve the resistance of watermelon to soil-borne diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of defense response is not completely understood. Herein, we used a proteomic approach to investigate the molecular basis involved in grafted watermelon leaf defense against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (FON) infection. The bottle gourd rootstock-grafted (RG) watermelon seedlings were highly resistant to FON compared with self-grafted (SG) watermelon plants, with a disease incidence of 3.4 and 89%, respectively. Meanwhile, grafting significantly induced the activity of pathogenesis-related proteases under FON challenge. Proteins extracted from leaves of RG and SG under FON inoculation were analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Thirty-nine differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified and classified into 10 functional groups. Accordingly, protein biosynthetic and stress- and defense-related proteins play crucial roles in the enhancement of disease resistance of RG watermelon seedlings, compared with that of SG watermelon seedlings. Proteins involved in signal transduction positively regulated the defense process. Carbohydrate and energy metabolism and photosystem contributed to energy production in RG watermelon seedlings under FON infection. The disease resistance of RG watermelon seedlings may also be related to the improved scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression profile of 10 randomly selected proteins was measured using quantitative real-time PCR, among which, 7 was consistent with the results of the proteomic analysis. The functional implications of these proteins in regulating grafted watermelon response against F. oxysporum are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Runsheng Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiefeng Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lina Lou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingping Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement/Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Zaynab M, Peng J, Sharif Y, Fatima M, Albaqami M, Al-Yahyai R, Khan KA, Alotaibi SS, Alaraidh IA, Shaikhaldein HO, Li S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Germin-Like Proteins Reveal Their Role in Regulating Abiotic Stress Response in Potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:831140. [PMID: 35251067 PMCID: PMC8891383 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.831140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Germin and germin-like proteins (GLPs) perform a significant role in plants against biotic and abiotic stress. To understand the role of GLPs in potato, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was performed in the potato genome. This study identified a total of 70 StGLPs genes in the potato genome, distributed among 11 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis exhibited that StGLPs were categorized into six groups with high bootstrap values. StGLPs gene structure and motifs analysis showed a relatively well-maintained intron-exon and motif formation within the cognate group. Additionally, several cis-elements in the promoter regions of GLPs were hormones, and stress-responsive and different families of miRNAs target StGLPs. Gene duplication under selection pressure also exhibited positive and purifying selections in StGLPs. In our results, the StGLP5 gene showed the highest expression in response to salt stress among all expressed StGLPs. Totally 19 StGLPs genes were expressed in response to heat stress. Moreover, three genes, StGLP30, StGLP17, and StGLP14, exhibited a relatively higher expression level in the potato after heat treatment. In total, 22 genes expressed in response to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment indicated that ABA performed an essential role in the plant defense or tolerance mechanism to environmental stress. RNA-Seq data validated by RT-qPCR also confirm that the StGLP5 gene showed maximum expression among selected genes under salt stress. Concisely, our results provide a platform for further functional exploration of the StGLPs against salt and heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Zaynab
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaofeng Peng
- Instrument Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mahpara Fatima
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Al-Yahyai
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. Alaraidh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan O. Shaikhaldein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Shuangfei Li,
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A proteomic analysis of peanut seed at different stages of underground development to understand the changes of seed proteins. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243132. [PMID: 33284814 PMCID: PMC7721164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain more valuable insights into the protein dynamics and accumulation of allergens in seeds during underground development, we performed a proteomic study on developing peanut seeds at seven different stages. A total of 264 proteins with altered abundance and contained at least one unique peptide was detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS). All identified proteins were classified into five functional categories as level 1 and 20 secondary functional categories as level 2. Among them, 88 identified proteins (IPs) were related to carbohydrate/ amino acid/ lipid transport and metabolism, indicating that carbohydrate/amino acid/ lipid metabolism played a key role in the underground development of peanut seeds. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that all IPs could be classified into eight cluster groups according to the abundance profiles, suggesting that the modulatory patterns of these identified proteins were complicated during seed development. The largest group contained 41 IPs, the expression of which decreased at R 2 and reached a maximum at R3 but gradually decreased from R4. A total of 14 IPs were identified as allergen-like proteins by BLAST with A genome (Arachis duranensis) or B genome (Arachis ipaensis) translated allergen sequences. Abundance profile analysis of 14 identified allergens showed that the expression of all allergen proteins was low or undetectable by 2-DE at the early stages (R1 to R4), and began to accumulate from the R5 stage and gradually increased. Network analysis showed that most of the significant proteins were involved in active metabolic pathways in early development. Real time RT-PCR analysis revealed that transcriptional regulation was approximately consistent with expression at the protein level for 8 selected identified proteins. In addition, some amino acid sequences that may be associated with new allergens were also discussed.
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Giarola V, Chen P, Dulitz SJ, König M, Manduzio S, Bartels D. The dehydration- and ABA-inducible germin-like protein CpGLP1 from Craterostigma plantagineum has SOD activity and may contribute to cell wall integrity during desiccation. PLANTA 2020; 252:84. [PMID: 33044571 PMCID: PMC7550295 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION CpGLP1 belongs to the large group of germin-like proteins and comprises a cell wall-localized protein which has superoxide dismutase activity and may contribute towards ROS metabolism and cell wall folding during desiccation. The plant cell wall is a dynamic matrix and its plasticity is essential for cell growth and processing of environmental signals to cope with stresses. A few so-called resurrection plants like Craterostigma plantagineum survive desiccation by implementing protection mechanisms. In C. plantagineum, the cell wall shrinks and folds upon desiccation to avoid mechanical and oxidative damage which contributes to cell integrity. Despite the high toxic potential, ROS are important molecules for cell wall remodeling processes as they participate in enzymatic reactions and act as signaling molecules. Here we analyzed the C. plantagineum germin-like protein 1 (CpGLP1) to understand its contribution to cell wall folding and desiccation tolerance. The analysis of the CpGLP1 sequence showed that this protein does not fit into the current GLP classification and forms a new group within the Linderniaceae. CpGLP1 transcripts accumulate in leaves in response to dehydration and ABA, and mannitol treatments transiently induce CpGLP1 transcript accumulation supporting the participation of CpGLP1 in desiccation-related processes. CpGLP1 protein from cell wall protein extracts followed transcript accumulation and protein preparations from bacteria overexpressing CpGLP1 showed SOD activity. In agreement with cell wall localization, CpGLP1 interacts with pectins which have not been reported for GLP proteins. Our data support a role for CpGLP1 in the ROS metabolism related to the control of cell wall plasticity during desiccation in C. plantagineum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Giarola
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Present Address: Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Peilei Chen
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Present Address: College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007 China
| | - Sarah Jane Dulitz
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Present Address: IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maurice König
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Present Address: Institute of Botany, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 47a, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefano Manduzio
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Present Address: Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Seong SY, Shim JS, Bang SW, Kim JK. Overexpression of OsC3H10, a CCCH-Zinc Finger, Improves Drought Tolerance in Rice by Regulating Stress-Related Genes. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101298. [PMID: 33019599 PMCID: PMC7599559 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CCCH zinc finger proteins are members of the zinc finger protein family, and are known to participate in the regulation of development and stress responses via the posttranscriptional regulation of messenger RNA in animals and yeast. However, the molecular mechanism of CCCHZF-mediated drought tolerance is not well understood. We analyzed the functions of OsC3H10, a member of the rice CCCHZF family. OsC3H10 is predominantly expressed in seeds, and its expression levels rapidly declined during seed imbibition. The expression of OsC3H10 was induced by drought, high salinity and abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellular localization analysis revealed that OsC3H10 localized not only in the nucleus but also to the processing bodies and stress granules upon stress treatment. Root-specific overexpression of OsC3H10 was insufficient to induce drought tolerance, while the overexpression of OsC3H10 throughout the entire plant enhanced the drought tolerance of rice plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed that OsC3H10 overexpression elevated the expression levels of genes involved in stress responses, including LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT PROTEINs (LEAs), PATHOGENESIS RELATED GENEs (PRs) and GERMIN-LIKE PROTEINs (GLPs). Our results demonstrated that OsC3H10 is involved in the regulation of the drought tolerance pathway by modulating the expression of stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yoon Seong
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
- Present address: School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Seung Woon Bang
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Molecular evidence for the involvement of cotton GhGLP2, in enhanced resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium Wilts and oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12510. [PMID: 32719475 PMCID: PMC7385154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a diverse and ubiquitous family of plant glycoproteins belonging to the cupin super family; they play considerable roles in plant responses against various abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we provide evidence that GLP2 protein from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) functions in plant defense responses against Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum and oxidative stress. Purified recombinant GhGLP2 exhibits superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and inhibits spore germination of pathogens. Virus-induced silencing of GhGLP2 in cotton results in increased susceptibility to pathogens, plants exhibited severe wilt on leaves, enhanced vascular browning and suppressed callose deposition. Transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants overexpressing GhGLP2 showed significant resistance to V. dahliae and F. oxysporum, with reduced mycelia growth, increased callose deposition and cell wall lignification at infection sites on leaves. The enhanced tolerance of GhGLP2-transgenic Arabidopsis to oxidative stress was investigated by methyl viologen and ammonium persulfate treatments, along with increased H2O2 production. Further, the expression of several defense-related genes (PDF1.2, LOX2, and VSP1) or oxidative stress-related genes (RbohD, RbohF) was triggered by GhGLP2. Thus, our results confirmed the involvement of GhGLP2 in plant defense response against Verticillium and Fusarium wilt pathogens and stress conditions.
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Xiao S, Liu L, Zhang Y, Sun H, Zhang K, Bai Z, Dong H, Liu Y, Li C. Tandem mass tag-based (TMT) quantitative proteomics analysis reveals the response of fine roots to drought stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:328. [PMID: 32652934 PMCID: PMC7353779 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important cash crops worldwide. Fine roots are the central part of the root system that contributes to plant water and nutrient uptake. However, the mechanisms underlying the response of cotton fine roots to soil drought remains unclear. To elucidate the proteomic changes in fine roots of cotton plants under drought stress, 70-75% and 40-45% soil relative water content treatments were imposed on control (CK) and drought stress (DS) groups, respectively. Then, tandem mass tags (TMT) technology was used to determine the proteome profiles of fine root tissue samples. RESULTS Drought significantly decreased the value of average root diameter of cotton seedlings, whereas the total root length and the activities of antioxidases were increased. To study the molecular mechanisms underlying drought response further, the proteome differences between tissues under CK and DS treatments were compared pairwise at 0, 30, and 45 DAD (days after drought stress). In total, 118 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were up-regulated and 105 were down-regulated in the 'DS30 versus CK30' comparison; 662 DEPs were up-regulated, and 611 were down-regulated in the 'DS45 versus CK45' comparison. The functions of these DEPs were classified according to their pathways. Under early stage drought (30 DAD), some DEPs involved in the 'Cutin, suberin, and wax synthesis' pathway were up-regulated, while the down-regulated DEPs were mainly enriched within the 'Monoterpenoid biosynthesis' pathway. Forty-five days of soil drought had a greater impact on DEPs involved in metabolism. Many proteins involving 'Carbohydrate metabolism,' 'Energy metabolism,' 'Fatty acid metabolism,' 'Amino acid metabolism,' and 'Secondary metabolite biosynthesis' were identified as DEPs. Additionally, proteins related to ion transport, stress/defense, and phytohormones were also shown to play roles in determining the fine root growth of cotton plants under drought stress. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified potential biological pathways and drought-responsive proteins related to stress/defense responses and plant hormone metabolism under drought stress. Collectively, our results provide new insights for further improving drought tolerance in cotton and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xiao
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Liantao Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Yongjiang Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Hongchun Sun
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiying Bai
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Hezhong Dong
- Cotton Research Center/ Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-huai-hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchun Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Cundong Li
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation / Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HeBei Province, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
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Farvardin A, González-Hernández AI, Llorens E, García-Agustín P, Scalschi L, Vicedo B. The Apoplast: A Key Player in Plant Survival. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E604. [PMID: 32664231 PMCID: PMC7402137 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoplast comprises the intercellular space, the cell walls, and the xylem. Important functions for the plant, such as nutrient and water transport, cellulose synthesis, and the synthesis of molecules involved in plant defense against both biotic and abiotic stresses, take place in it. The most important molecules are ROS, antioxidants, proteins, and hormones. Even though only a small quantity of ROS is localized within the apoplast, apoplastic ROS have an important role in plant development and plant responses to various stress conditions. In the apoplast, like in the intracellular cell compartments, a specific set of antioxidants can be found that can detoxify the different types of ROS produced in it. These scavenging ROS components confer stress tolerance and avoid cellular damage. Moreover, the production and accumulation of proteins and peptides in the apoplast take place in response to various stresses. Hormones are also present in the apoplast where they perform important functions. In addition, the apoplast is also the space where microbe-associated molecular Patterns (MAMPs) are secreted by pathogens. In summary, the diversity of molecules found in the apoplast highlights its importance in the survival of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Farvardin
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel González-Hernández
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Eugenio Llorens
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Agustín
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Loredana Scalschi
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Begonya Vicedo
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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Sruthilaxmi CB, Babu S. Proteome Responses to Individual Pathogens and Abiotic Conditions in Rice Seedlings. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:1326-1341. [PMID: 32175828 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-19-0425-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants under field conditions experience various biotic and abiotic stresses and are adapted to survive using a molecular cross-talk of genes and their protein products based on the severity of a given stress. Seedlings of cultivated variety ASD16 (resistant to fungal disease, blast; tolerant to abiotic stress, salinity) were subjected to salt, drought, high temperature and low temperature stress as well as infection by Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (causing reemerging diseases such as sheath blight and leaf blight), respectively, the sheath blight and bacterial leaf blight pathogens. Leaf proteome was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. In addition to many other differentially expressed proteins, acidic endochitinase was found to be upregulated during fungal infection and drought treatment, and a germin-like protein upregulated during fungal infection and high temperature stress. These two proteins were further validated at the gene expression level using reverse transcription-PCR in dual stress experiments. Pot culture plants were subjected to fungal infection followed by drought and drought followed by fungal infection to validate chitinase gene expression. Similarly, plants subjected to fungal infections followed by high temperature stress and vice versa were used to validate the expression of germin-like protein-coding gene. The results of the present study indicate that chitinase and germin-like protein are potential targets for further exploration to develop rice plants resistant or tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subramanian Babu
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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Chauhan R, Awasthi S, Indoliya Y, Chauhan AS, Mishra S, Agrawal L, Srivastava S, Dwivedi S, Singh PC, Mallick S, Chauhan PS, Pande V, Chakrabarty D, Tripathi RD. Transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal selenium mediated amelioration of arsenic toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 390:122122. [PMID: 32006842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a chronic poison and non-threshold carcinogen, is a food chain contaminant in rice, posing yield losses as well as serious health risks. Selenium (Se), a trace element, is a known antagonist of As toxicity. In present study, RNA seq. and proteome profiling, along with morphological analyses were performed to explore molecular cross-talk involved in Se mediated As stress amelioration. The repair of As induced structural deformities involving disintegration of cell wall and membranes were observed upon Se supplementation. The expression of As transporter genes viz., NIP1;1, NIP2;1, ABCG5, NRAMP1, NRAMP5, TIP2;2 as well as sulfate transporters, SULTR3;1 and SULTR3;6, were higher in As + Se compared to As alone exposure, which resulted in reduced As accumulation and toxicity. The higher expression of regulatory elements like AUX/IAA, WRKY and MYB TFs during As + Se exposure was also observed. The up-regulation of GST, PRX and GRX during As + Se exposure confirmed the amelioration of As induced oxidative stress. The abundance of proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, transport, signaling and ROS homeostasis were found higher in As + Se than in As alone exposure. Overall, present study identified Se responsive pathways, genes and proteins involved to cope-up with As toxicity in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshu Chauhan
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Surabhi Awasthi
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Yuvraj Indoliya
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Abhishek Singh Chauhan
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Shashank Mishra
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Lalit Agrawal
- Department of Agriculture and Allied Science, Doon Business School, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sanjay Dwivedi
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Poonam C Singh
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Shekhar Mallick
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Debasis Chakrabarty
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India
| | - Rudra Deo Tripathi
- CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110 001, India.
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Ilyas M, Irfan M, Mahmood T, Hussain H, Latif-ur-Rehman, Naeem I, Khaliq-ur-Rahman. Analysis of Germin-like Protein Genes (OsGLPs) Family in Rice Using Various In silico Approaches. Curr Bioinform 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893614666190722165130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Germin-like Proteins (GLPs) play an important role in various stresses.
Rice contains 43 GLPs, among which many remain functionally unexplored. The computational
analysis will provide significant insight into their function.
Objective:
To find various structural properties, functional importance, phylogeny and expression
pattern of all OsGLPs using various bioinformatics tools.
Methods:
Physiochemical properties, sub-cellular localization, domain composition, Nglycosylation
and Phosphorylation sites, and 3D structural models of the OsGLPs were predicted
using various bioinformatics tools. Functional analysis was carried out with the Search Tool for
the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) and Blast2GO servers. The expression
profile of the OsGLPs was predicted by retrieving the data for expression values from tissuespecific
and hormonal stressed array libraries of RiceXPro. Their phylogenetic relationship was
computed using Molecular and Evolutionary Genetic Analysis (MEGA6) tool.
Results:
Most of the OsGLPs are stable in the cellular environment with a prominent expression in
the extracellular region (57%) and plasma membrane (33%). Besides, 3 basic cupin domains, 7
more were reported, among which NTTNKVGSNVTLINV, FLLAALLALASWQAI, and
MASSSF were common to 99% of the sequences, related to bacterial pathogenicity, peroxidase
activity, and peptide signal activity, respectively. Structurally, OsGLPs are similar but functionally
they are diverse with novel enzymatic activities of oxalate decarboxylase, lyase, peroxidase, and
oxidoreductase. Expression analysis revealed prominent activities in the root, endosperm, and
leaves. OsGLPs were strongly expressed by abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, and
brassinosteroid. Phylogenetically they showed polyphyletic origin with a narrow genetic
background of 0.05%. OsGLPs of chromosome 3, 8, and 12 are functionally more important due to
their defensive role against various stresses through co-expression strategy.
Conclusion:
The analysis will help to utilize OsGLPs in future food programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ilyas
- Department of Botany, University of Swabi, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Botany, University of Swabi, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Swabi, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Latif-ur-Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Swabi, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Naeem
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Swabi, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khaliq-ur-Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Liu S, Zenda T, Dong A, Yang Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Li J, Tao Y, Duan H. Comparative Proteomic and Morpho-Physiological Analyses of Maize Wild-Type Vp16 and Mutant vp16 Germinating Seed Responses to PEG-Induced Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225586. [PMID: 31717328 PMCID: PMC6888951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is a major abiotic factor compromising plant cell physiological and molecular events, consequently limiting crop growth and productivity. Maize (Zea mays L.) is among the most drought-susceptible food crops. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying drought-stress responses remains critical for crop improvement. To decipher the molecular mechanisms underpinning maize drought tolerance, here, we used a comparative morpho-physiological and proteomics analysis approach to monitor the changes in germinating seeds of two incongruent (drought-sensitive wild-type Vp16 and drought-tolerant mutant vp16) lines exposed to polyethylene-glycol-induced drought stress for seven days. Our physiological analysis showed that the tolerant line mutant vp16 exhibited better osmotic stress endurance owing to its improved reactive oxygen species scavenging competency and robust osmotic adjustment as a result of greater cell water retention and enhanced cell membrane stability. Proteomics analysis identified a total of 1200 proteins to be differentially accumulated under drought stress. These identified proteins were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, histone H2A-mediated epigenetic regulation, protein synthesis, signal transduction, redox homeostasis and stress-response processes; with carbon metabolism, pentose phosphate and glutathione metabolism pathways being prominent under stress conditions. Interestingly, significant congruence (R2 = 81.5%) between protein and transcript levels was observed by qRT-PCR validation experiments. Finally, we propose a hypothetical model for maize germinating-seed drought tolerance based on our key findings identified herein. Overall, our study offers insights into the overall mechanisms underpinning drought-stress tolerance and provides essential leads into further functional validation of the identified drought-responsive proteins in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Anyi Dong
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yatong Yang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yongsheng Tao
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (H.D.); Tel.: +86-1393-1279-716 (H.D.)
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (H.D.); Tel.: +86-1393-1279-716 (H.D.)
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Peharec Štefanić P, Jarnević M, Cvjetko P, Biba R, Šikić S, Tkalec M, Cindrić M, Letofsky-Papst I, Balen B. Comparative proteomic study of phytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles and silver ions on tobacco plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:22529-22550. [PMID: 31161543 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Widespread application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), due to their antibacterial and antifungal properties, increases their release into the environment and potential detrimental impact on living organisms. Plants may serve as a potential pathway for AgNPs bioaccumulation and a route into the food chain, hence investigation of AgNP phytotoxic effects are of particular importance. Since proteins are directly involved in stress response, studies of their abundance changes can help elucidate the mechanism of the AgNP-mediated phytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated proteomic changes in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) exposed to AgNPs and ionic silver (AgNO3). A high overlap of differently abundant proteins was found in root after exposure to both treatments, while in leaf, almost a half of the proteins exhibited different abundance level between treatments, indicating tissue-specific responses. Majority of the identified proteins were down-regulated in both tissues after exposure to either AgNPs or AgNO3; in roots, the most affected proteins were those involved in response to abiotic and biotic stimuli and oxidative stress, while in leaf, both treatments had the most prominent effect on photosynthesis-related proteins. However, since AgNPs induced higher suppression of protein abundance than AgNO3, we conclude that AgNP effects can, at least partially, be attributed to nanoparticle form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Peharec Štefanić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Jarnević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Cvjetko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Biba
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Šikić
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Public Health "Dr. Andrija Štampar", Mirogojska cesta 16, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Tkalec
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Cindrić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, POB 1016, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilse Letofsky-Papst
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology, Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Austrian Cooperative Research (ACR), Steyrergasse 17, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Biljana Balen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Pei Y, Li X, Zhu Y, Ge X, Sun Y, Liu N, Jia Y, Li F, Hou Y. GhABP19, a Novel Germin-Like Protein From Gossypium hirsutum, Plays an Important Role in the Regulation of Resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium Wilt Pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:583. [PMID: 31134119 PMCID: PMC6517559 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are water-soluble plant glycoproteins belonging to the cupin superfamily. The important role of GLPs in plant responses against various abiotic and biotic stresses, especially pathogens, is well validated. However, little is known about cotton GLPs in relation to fungal pathogens. Here, a novel GLP gene was isolated from Gossypium hirsutum and designated as GhABP19. The expression of GhABP19 was upregulated in cotton plants inoculated with Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum and in response to treatment with jasmonic acid (JA) but was suppressed in response to salicylic acid treatment. A relatively small transient increase in GhABP19 was seen in H2O2 treated samples. The three-dimensional structure prediction of the GhABP19 protein indicated that the protein has three histidine and one glutamate residues responsible for metal ion binding and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Purified recombinant GhABP19 exhibits SOD activity and could inhibit growth of V. dahliae, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, and Valsa mali in vitro. To further verify the role of GhABP19 in fungal resistance, GhABP19-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants and GhABP19-silenced cotton plants were developed. GhABP19-transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed much stronger resistance to V. dahliae and F. oxysporum infection than control (empty vector) plants did. On the contrary, silencing of GhABP19 in cotton conferred enhanced susceptibility to fungal pathogens, which resulted in necrosis and wilt on leaves and vascular discoloration in GhABP19-silenced cotton plants. The H2O2 content and endogenous SOD activity were affected by GhABP19 expression levels in Arabidopsis and cotton plants after inoculation with V. dahliae and F. oxysporum, respectively. Furthermore, GhABP19 overexpression or silencing resulted in activation or suppression of JA-mediated signaling, respectively. Thus, GhABP19 plays important roles in the regulation of resistance to verticillium and fusarium wilt in plants. These modulatory roles were exerted by its SOD activity and ability to activate the JA pathway. All results suggest that GhABP19 was involved in plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Pei
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiancai Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Zhu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Ilyas M, Akhtar W, Rehman S, Naqvi SMS, Mahmood T. Functional characterization of the rice root Germin-like protein gene-1 ( OsRGLP1) promoter in Nicotiana tabacum. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:130. [PMID: 30863709 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Germin (GER) and germin-like protein (GLP) genes play a very important role against various stresses. Promoter analysis provide significant insight into gene's function and regulation. Presently, upstream region (1228 bp) of the OsRGLP1 gene was functionally characterized via heterologous expression. It was fused with the Glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and the expression cassette was used to transform Nicotiana tabacum using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants were examined via quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to analyze its role in wounding, salinity, drought, abscisic acid (ABA) and circadian rhythm. OsRGLP1 was highly induced by ABA and drought by showing 28- and 25-fold changes in GUS mRNA level respectively as compared to wounding (fourfold change) and salinity (threefold change). However, no activity was observed in circadian rhythm. Histochemically, strong GUS activity was observed in leaf veins, midrib, epidermal hair, stomata guard cells, stem cortex, root hairs, xylem and phloem and at cellular level in cell wall, cytoplasm and its periphery. OsRGLP1 promoter can be used to develop agronomically important transgenic plants in future food program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ilyas
- 1Department of Botany, University of Swabi, Anbar Swabi, 23561 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- 4Department of Botany, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rehman
- 5Department of Botany, University of Gujrat sub campus Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Tariq Mahmood
- 2Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
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Manganiello G, Sacco A, Ercolano MR, Vinale F, Lanzuise S, Pascale A, Napolitano M, Lombardi N, Lorito M, Woo SL. Modulation of Tomato Response to Rhizoctonia solani by Trichoderma harzianum and Its Secondary Metabolite Harzianic Acid. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1966. [PMID: 30233507 PMCID: PMC6127634 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the transcriptomic and metabolomic changes elicited in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) following treatments with the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum strain M10 or its purified secondary metabolite harzianic acid (HA), in the presence or the absence of the soil-borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Transcriptomic analysis allowed the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that play a pivotal role in resistance to biotic stress. Overall, the results support the ability of T. harzianum M10 to activate defense responses in infected tomato plants. An induction of hormone-mediated signaling was observed, as shown by the up-regulation of genes involved in the ethylene and jasmonate (ET/JA) and salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signaling pathways. Further, the protective action of T. harzianum on the host was revealed by the over-expression of genes able to detoxify cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the other hand, HA treatment also stimulated tomato response to the pathogen by inducing the expression of several genes involved in defense response (including protease inhibitors, resistance proteins like CC-NBS-LRR) and hormone interplay. The accumulation of steroidal glycoalkaloids in the plant after treatments with either T. harzianum or HA, as determined by metabolomic analysis, confirmed the complexity of the plant response to beneficial microbes, demonstrating that these microorganisms are also capable of activating the chemical defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelsomina Manganiello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Adriana Sacco
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Maria R. Ercolano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Francesco Vinale
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Portici, Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzuise
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Alberto Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Mauro Napolitano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Nadia Lombardi
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Portici, Italy
| | - Matteo Lorito
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Portici, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sheridan L. Woo
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Portici, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Pál M, Majláth I, Németh E, Hamow KÁ, Szalai G, Rudnóy S, Balassa G, Janda T. The effects of putrescine are partly overlapping with osmotic stress processes in wheat. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 268:67-76. [PMID: 29362086 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyamine metabolism is in relation with several metabolic pathways and linked with plant hormones or signalling molecules; in addition polyamines may modulate the up- or down-regulation of gene expression. However the precise mechanism by which polyamines act at the transcription level is still unclear. In the present study the modifying effect of putrescine pre-treatment has been investigated using the microarray transcriptome profile analysis under the conditions where exogenous putrescine alleviated osmotic stress in wheat plants. Pre-treatment with putrescine induced the unique expression of various general stress-related genes. Although there were obvious differences between the effects of putrescine and polyethylene glycol treatments, there was also a remarkable overlap between the effects of putrescine and osmotic stress responses in wheat plants, suggesting that putrescine has already induced acclimation processes under control conditions. The fatty acid composition in certain lipid fractions and the antioxidant enzyme activities have also been specifically changed under osmotic stress conditions or after treatment with putrescine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary.
| | - Imre Majláth
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Edit Németh
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Kamirán Áron Hamow
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szalai
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Rudnóy
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Pázmány Peter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Balassa
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Pázmány Peter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
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Characterization of regulatory elements in OsRGLP2 gene promoter from different rice accessions through sequencing and in silico evaluation. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 73:206-212. [PMID: 29501997 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Germins and germin-like proteins from cupin superfamily contribute resistance to heat denaturation, chemical degradation and against plant pathogens, further functions in plant growth and development. In this study, from three different Oryza sativa accessions KS-282 and Pak 7178 and Pak 7865, OsRGLP2 gene promoter region was amplified, sequenced and analyzed. Sequencing data was evaluated via different computational tools. The regulatory elements were predicted by Consite tool and mapping was done. Many transcription factors binding sites were discovered in OsRGLP2 gene promoter; among these factors, HFH-1 having a significant role in germination was picked for further investigation. To study the interaction between HFH-1 and corresponding regulatory factors, HADDOCK Webserver was used. Graphical models for the interactions of HFH-1 and related regulatory elements were studied by graphic molecular system PyMOL. Mapping of cis-acting regulatory elements in OsRGLP2 gene promoter from three rice accessions showed differences in their position and copy number. Important regulatory elements found in OsRGLP2 promoter region were TATA, CAAT Box, ARR1, GATA, AGAAA, CAAT and DNA-binding One Zinc Finger (Dof) factors, few of them contribute to the regulation of plant defensive system, light responses, developmental and growth activities. Furthermore, during DNA interaction studies, it was found that HFH-1 transcription factor participates in hydrogen bonds formation with thymine and adenine bases.
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Shah SH, Noureen A, Deeba F, Sultana T, Dukowic-Schulze S, Chen C, Naqvi SMS. Transgenic Analysis Reveals 5' Abbreviated OsRGLP2 Promoter(s) as Responsive to Abiotic Stresses. Mol Biotechnol 2017; 59:459-468. [PMID: 28801881 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-0031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Germins and germin-like proteins are ubiquitous, expressed at various developmental stages and in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, to functionally validate the OsRGLP2 promoter, 5' deletion analysis of the promoter sequences was performed and the deletion fragments fused with the β-glucuronidase (GUS) and green fluorescent protein reporter genes were used for transient expression in tobacco as well as for generating stable transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Very high level of GUS activity was observed in agroinfiltrated tobacco leaves by the construct carrying the P-1063 and P-565 when subjected to abiotic stresses. Histochemical analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants revealed expression of reporter gene in root, leaf and stem sections of plants harboring P-1063 and P-565. Real-time qPCR analysis of transiently expressed tobacco leaves and transgenic Arabidopsis plants subjected to several abiotic stresses supported histochemical data and showed that P-565 responded to all the stresses to which the full-length promoter was responsive. The data suggest that P-565 may be a good alternative to full-length promoter region that harbors the necessary cis-elements in providing stable and high level of expression in response to wound, salt and temperature stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Hussain Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat City, Pakistan
| | - Azka Noureen
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Farah Deeba
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tasawar Sultana
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Changbin Chen
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Regente M, Pinedo M, San Clemente H, Balliau T, Jamet E, de la Canal L. Plant extracellular vesicles are incorporated by a fungal pathogen and inhibit its growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:5485-5495. [PMID: 29145622 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane particles released by cells into their environment and are considered to be key players in intercellular communication. EV are produced by all domains of life but limited knowledge about EV in plants is available, although their implication in plant defense has been suggested. We have characterized sunflower EV and tested whether they could interact with fungal cells. EV were isolated from extracellular fluids of seedlings and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and proteomic analysis. These nanovesicles appeared to be enriched in cell wall remodeling enzymes and defense proteins. Membrane-labeled EV were prepared and their uptake by the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was verified. Functional tests further evaluated the ability of EV to affect fungal growth. Spores treated with plant EV showed growth inhibition, morphological changes, and cell death. Conclusive evidence on the existence of plant EV is presented and we demonstrate their ability to interact with and kill fungal cells. Our results introduce the concept of cell-to-cell communication through EV in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Regente
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET, Funes 3250, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcela Pinedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET, Funes 3250, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Hélène San Clemente
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thierry Balliau
- PAPPSO, GQE - Le Moulon, INRA, Université de Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP 42617, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laura de la Canal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET, Funes 3250, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Orzoł A, Piotrowicz-Cieślak AI. Levofloxacin is phytotoxic and modifies the protein profile of lupin seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22226-22240. [PMID: 28795319 PMCID: PMC5629236 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of levofloxacin to yellow lupin plants was evaluated in this study. Recommended indexes of plant (roots and shoots) growth were determined and new indexes were proposed which better characterise the phytotoxicity of levofloxacin. These were, in particular, the activity of antioxidative enzymes, the content of free radicals, as well as the root protein content and the root protein profile. The results showed that levofloxacin considerably affected EC50, measured as the activity of catalase in roots, and leaves (1.05 and 0.069 mM, respectively). The activity of peroxidase in the roots and the dry weight of seedlings were the least sensitive parameters (EC50 was 1.8 and 1.76 mM, respectively). Units of toxicity clearly showed that the activity of catalase is a better measure of toxicity for low concentrations of the drug, and it is a better index of plant physiological state than the morphological parameters of seedlings. Moreover, levofloxacin changed the location of free radicals and the protein profile in plants. The changes in location of reactive oxygen species in roots were an important symptom of the drug toxicity to lupin seedlings. Our results have shown that the toxicity of levofloxacin was manifested mainly by changes in the protein profile. The content of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 14-3-3-like protein A, expansin-B3-like precursor, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, lipoxygenase, nucleotide-binding subunit of vacuolar ATPase and pyruvate dehydrogenase were found to decrease. On the other hand, plant exposure to levofloxacin resulted in an increase in the content of enolase, protein LlR18A, class III chitinase, ascorbate peroxidase, aspartate aminotransferase, alcohol dehydrogenase 1, leghemoglobin reductase-like 17 and heat shock cognate protein 80-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Orzoł
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka I Piotrowicz-Cieślak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Upasani ML, Limaye BM, Gurjar GS, Kasibhatla SM, Joshi RR, Kadoo NY, Gupta VS. Chickpea-Fusarium oxysporum interaction transcriptome reveals differential modulation of plant defense strategies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7746. [PMID: 28798320 PMCID: PMC5552786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is one of the major biotic stresses reducing chickpea productivity. The use of wilt-resistant cultivars is the most appropriate means to combat the disease and secure productivity. As a step towards understanding the molecular basis of wilt resistance in chickpea, we investigated the transcriptomes of wilt-susceptible and wilt-resistant cultivars under both Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (Foc) challenged and unchallenged conditions. Transcriptome profiling using LongSAGE provided a valuable insight into the molecular interactions between chickpea and Foc, which revealed several known as well as novel genes with differential or unique expression patterns in chickpea contributing to lignification, hormonal homeostasis, plant defense signaling, ROS homeostasis, R-gene mediated defense, etc. Similarly, several Foc genes characteristically required for survival and growth of the pathogen were expressed only in the susceptible cultivar with null expression of most of these genes in the resistant cultivar. This study provides a rich resource for functional characterization of the genes involved in resistance mechanism and their use in breeding for sustainable wilt-resistance. Additionally, it provides pathogen targets facilitating the development of novel control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha L Upasani
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India.,Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Bhakti M Limaye
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Center for Development of Advanced Computing, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Gayatri S Gurjar
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Sunitha M Kasibhatla
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Center for Development of Advanced Computing, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Rajendra R Joshi
- HPC-Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Center for Development of Advanced Computing, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Narendra Y Kadoo
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India.
| | - Vidya S Gupta
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India.
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Yaish MW, Patankar HV, Assaha DVM, Zheng Y, Al-Yahyai R, Sunkar R. Genome-wide expression profiling in leaves and roots of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) exposed to salinity. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:246. [PMID: 28330456 PMCID: PMC5423419 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3633-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Date palm, as one of the most important fruit crops in North African and West Asian countries including Oman, is facing serious growth problems due to salinity, arising from persistent use of saline water for irrigation. Although date palm is a relatively salt-tolerant plant species, its adaptive mechanisms to salt stress are largely unknown. RESULTS In order to get an insight into molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance, RNA was profiled in leaves and roots of date palm seedlings subjected to NaCl for 10 days. Under salt stress, photosynthetic parameters were differentially affected; all gas exchange parameters were decreased but the quantum yield of PSII was unaffected while non-photochemical quenching was increased. Analyses of gene expression profiles revealed 2630 and 4687 genes were differentially expressed in leaves and roots, respectively, under salt stress. Of these, 194 genes were identified as commonly responding in both the tissue sources. Gene ontology (GO) analysis in leaves revealed enrichment of transcripts involved in metabolic pathways including photosynthesis, sucrose and starch metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation, while in roots genes involved in membrane transport, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, purine, thiamine, and tryptophan metabolism, and casparian strip development were enriched. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to both tissues included the auxin responsive gene, GH3, a putative potassium transporter 8 and vacuolar membrane proton pump. CONCLUSIONS Leaf and root tissues respond differentially to salinity stress and this study has revealed genes and pathways that are associated with responses to elevated NaCl levels and thus may play important roles in salt tolerance providing a foundation for functional characterization of salt stress-responsive genes in the date palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud W Yaish
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Himanshu V Patankar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Dekoum V M Assaha
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yun Zheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Rashid Al-Yahyai
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ramanjulu Sunkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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42
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Genomic organization and structural diversity of germin-like protein coding genes in foxtail millet ( Setaria italica L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aggene.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jimenez-Lopez JC, Melser S, DeBoer K, Thatcher LF, Kamphuis LG, Foley RC, Singh KB. Narrow-Leafed Lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius) β1- and β6-Conglutin Proteins Exhibit Antifungal Activity, Protecting Plants against Necrotrophic Pathogen Induced Damage from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Phytophthora nicotianae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1856. [PMID: 28018392 PMCID: PMC5161055 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Vicilins (7S globulins) are seed storage proteins and constitute the main protein family in legume seeds, particularly in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.; NLL), where seven vicilin genes, called β1- to β7-conglutin have been identified. Vicilins are involved in germination processes supplying amino acids for seedling growth and plant development, as well as in some cases roles in plant defense and protection against pathogens. The roles of NLL β-conglutins in plant defense are unknown. Here the potential role of five NLL β-conglutin family members in protection against necrotrophic fungal pathogens was investigated and it was demonstrated that recombinant purified 6xHis-tagged β1- and β6-conglutin proteins exhibited the strongest in vitro growth inhibitory activity against a range of necrotrophic fungal pathogens compared to β2, β3, and β4 conglutins. To examine activity in vivo, two representative necrotrophic pathogens, the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae were used. Transient expression of β1- and β6-conglutin proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves demonstrated in vivo growth suppression of both of these pathogens, resulting in low percentages of hyphal growth and elongation in comparison to control treated leaves. Cellular studies using β1- and β6-GFP fusion proteins showed these conglutins localized to the cell surface including plasmodesmata. Analysis of cellular death following S. sclerotiorum or P. nicotianae revealed both β1- and β6-conglutins suppressed pathogen induced cell death in planta and prevented pathogen induced suppression of the plant oxidative burst as determined by protein oxidation in infected compared to mock-inoculated leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Spanish National Research CouncilGranada, Spain
| | - Su Melser
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Kathleen DeBoer
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Louise F. Thatcher
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Lars G. Kamphuis
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Rhonda C. Foley
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Karam B. Singh
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
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Urban MO, Vašek J, Klíma M, Krtková J, Kosová K, Prášil IT, Vítámvás P. Proteomic and physiological approach reveals drought-induced changes in rapeseeds: Water-saver and water-spender strategy. J Proteomics 2016; 152:188-205. [PMID: 27838467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cultivar-dependent differences in Brassica napus L. seed yield are significantly affected by drought stress. Here, the response of leaf proteome to long-term drought (28days) was studied in cultivars (cvs): Californium (C), Cadeli (D), Navajo (N), and Viking (V). Analysis of twenty-four 2-D DIGE gels revealed 134 spots quantitatively changed at least 2-fold; from these, 79 proteins were significantly identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. According to the differences in water use, the cultivars may be assigned to two categories: water-savers or water-spenders. In the water-savers group (cvs C+D), proteins related to nitrogen assimilation, ATP and redox homeostasis were increased under stress, while in the water-spenders category (cvs N+V), carbohydrate/energy, photosynthesis, stress related and rRNA processing proteins were increased upon stress. Taking all data together, we indicated cv C as a drought-adaptable water-saver, cv D as a medium-adaptable water-saver, cv N as a drought-adaptable water-spender, and cv V as a low-adaptable drought sensitive water-spender rapeseed. Proteomic data help to evaluate the impact of drought and the extent of genotype-based adaptability and contribute to the understanding of their plasticity. These results provide new insights into the provenience-based drought acclimation/adaptation strategy of contrasting winter rapeseeds and link data at gasometric, biochemical, and proteome level. SIGNIFICANCE Soil moisture deficit is a real problem for every crop. The data in this study demonstrates for the first time that in stem-prolongation phase cultivars respond to progressive drought in different ways and at different levels. Analysis of physiological and proteomic data showed two different water regime-related strategies: water-savers and spenders. However, not only water uptake rate itself, but also individual protein abundances, gasometric and biochemical parameters together with final biomass accumulation after stress explained genotype-based responses. Interestingly, under a mixed climate profile, both water-use patterns (savers or spenders) can be appropriate for drought adaptation. These data suggest, than complete "acclimation image" of rapeseeds in stem-prolongation phase under drought could be reached only if these characteristics are taken, explained and understood together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Oldřich Urban
- Crop Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Drnovská 507/73, Prague, Czech Republic; Charles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Vašek
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Genetics and Breeding, Kamýcká 129, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Klíma
- Crop Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Drnovská 507/73, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Krtková
- Charles University, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Kosová
- Crop Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Drnovská 507/73, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ilja Tom Prášil
- Crop Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Drnovská 507/73, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vítámvás
- Crop Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Drnovská 507/73, Prague, Czech Republic
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Li L, Xu X, Chen C, Shen Z. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of the Germin-Like Protein Family in Rice and Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1622. [PMID: 27669230 PMCID: PMC5085655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that germin-like proteins (GLPs) are present ubiquitously in rice and Arabidopsis. However, the understanding regarding their role in development and abiotic/biotic stress resistance remains limited. In the present study, we report genome-wide identification, characterisation, subcellular localization, enzyme activity, and expression analysis of the GLP gene family in rice and Arabidopsis to study their functions. In total, 43 and 32 GLPs in the rice and Arabidopsis genome were identified based on a systematic analysis, respectively. The GLP genes were clustered into six clades based on phylogenetic analysis, and many stress and developmental-related cis-elements were detected in promoters of GLP genes. In addition, subcellular location and superoxide dismutase (SOD) analysis demonstrated that the random selected OsGLP genes on chromosomes 8 and 4 of rice were expressed in the cell wall with SOD activity. Overall, our results showed that tandem duplication events, especially the clusters of tandem duplication genes on chromosome 8 in rice, play a major role in expansion of the GLP family and thus increase our understanding of the role of the GLP family in abiotic/biotic stress and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xihui Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Reeksting BJ, Olivier NA, van den Berg N. Transcriptome responses of an ungrafted Phytophthora root rot tolerant avocado (Persea americana) rootstock to flooding and Phytophthora cinnamomi. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:205. [PMID: 27658453 PMCID: PMC5034587 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a commercially important fruit crop worldwide. A major limitation to production is the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi, which causes root rot leading to branch-dieback and tree death. The decline of orchards infected with P. cinnamomi occurs much faster when exposed to flooding, even if flooding is only transient. Flooding is a multifactorial stress compromised of several individual stresses, making breeding and selection for tolerant varieties challenging. With more plantations occurring in marginal areas, with imperfect irrigation and drainage, understanding the response of avocado to these stresses will be important for the industry. RESULTS Maintenance of energy production was found to be central in the response to flooding, as seen by up-regulation of transcripts related to glycolysis and induction of transcripts related to ethanolic fermentation. Energy-intensive processes were generally down-regulated, as evidenced by repression of transcripts related to processes such as secondary cell-wall biosynthesis as well as defence-related transcripts. Aquaporins were found to be down-regulated in avocado roots exposed to flooding, indicating reduced water-uptake under these conditions. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptomic response of avocado to flooding and P. cinnamomi was investigated utilizing microarray analysis. Differences in the transcriptome caused by the presence of the pathogen were minor compared to transcriptomic perturbations caused by flooding. The transcriptomic response of avocado to flooding reveals a response to flooding that is conserved in several species. This data could provide key information that could be used to improve selection of stress tolerant rootstocks in the avocado industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. J. Reeksting
- Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - N. A. Olivier
- Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - N. van den Berg
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Prasad KVSK, Abdel-Hameed AAE, Xing D, Reddy ASN. Global gene expression analysis using RNA-seq uncovered a new role for SR1/CAMTA3 transcription factor in salt stress. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27021. [PMID: 27251464 PMCID: PMC4890006 DOI: 10.1038/srep27021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic stresses cause significant yield losses in all crops. Acquisition of stress tolerance in plants requires rapid reprogramming of gene expression. SR1/CAMTA3, a member of signal responsive transcription factors (TFs), functions both as a positive and a negative regulator of biotic stress responses and as a positive regulator of cold stress-induced gene expression. Using high throughput RNA-seq, we identified ~3000 SR1-regulated genes. Promoters of about 60% of the differentially expressed genes have a known DNA binding site for SR1, suggesting that they are likely direct targets. Gene ontology analysis of SR1-regulated genes confirmed previously known functions of SR1 and uncovered a potential role for this TF in salt stress. Our results showed that SR1 mutant is more tolerant to salt stress than the wild type and complemented line. Improved tolerance of sr1 seedlings to salt is accompanied with the induction of salt-responsive genes. Furthermore, ChIP-PCR results showed that SR1 binds to promoters of several salt-responsive genes. These results suggest that SR1 acts as a negative regulator of salt tolerance by directly repressing the expression of salt-responsive genes. Overall, this study identified SR1-regulated genes globally and uncovered a previously uncharacterized role for SR1 in salt stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasavajhala V S K Prasad
- Department of Biology and Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Amira A E Abdel-Hameed
- Department of Biology and Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Denghui Xing
- Department of Biology and Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Anireddy S N Reddy
- Department of Biology and Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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48
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Functional characterization of germin and germin-like protein genes in various plant species using transgenic approaches. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 38:1405-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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49
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Chen N, Su M, Chi X, Zhang Z, Pan L, Chen M, Wang T, Wang M, Yang Z, Yu S. Transcriptome analysis reveals salt-stress-regulated biological processes and key pathways in roots of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Comparative transcriptome and proteome analysis to reveal the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21733. [PMID: 26902325 PMCID: PMC4763195 DOI: 10.1038/srep21733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of plants have been tested and exploited in search of a green chemistry approach for the fabrication of gold or other precious metal nanomaterials. Despite the potential of plant based methods, very little is known about the underlying biochemical reactions and genes involved in the biotransformation mechanism of AuCl4 into gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this research, we thus focused on studying the effect of Au on growth and nanoparticles formation by analyses of transcriptome, proteome and ionome shift in Arabidopsis. Au exposure favored the growth of Arabidopsis seedling and induced formation of nanoparticles in root and shoot, as indicated by optical and hyperspectral imaging. Root transcriptome analysis demonstrated the differential expression of the members of WRKY, MYB and BHLH gene families, which are involved in the Fe and other essential metals homeostasis. The proteome analysis revealed that Glutathione S-transferases were induced in the shoot and suggested its potential role in the biosynthesis AuNPs. This study also demonstrated the role of plant hormone auxin in determining the Au induced root system architecture. This is the first study using an integrated approach to understand the in planta biotransformation of KAuCl4 into AuNPs.
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