1
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Mauri G, Patelli G, Roazzi L, Valtorta E, Amatu A, Marrapese G, Bonazzina E, Tosi F, Bencardino K, Ciarlo G, Mariella E, Marsoni S, Bardelli A, Bonoldi E, Sartore-Bianchi A, Siena S. Clinicopathological characterisation of MTAP alterations in gastrointestinal cancers. J Clin Pathol 2024:jcp-2023-209341. [PMID: 38350716 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is an essential metabolic enzyme in the purine and methionine salvage pathway. In cancer, MTAP gene copy number loss (MTAP loss) confers a selective dependency on the related protein arginine methyltransferase 5. The impact of MTAP alterations in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains unknown although hypothetically druggable. Here, we aim to investigate the prevalence, clinicopathological features and prognosis of MTAP loss GI cancers. METHODS Cases with MTAP alterations were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a real-world cohort of GI cancers profiled by next-generation sequencing. If MTAP alterations other than loss were found, immunohistochemistry was performed. Finally, we set a case-control study to assess MTAP loss prognostic impact. RESULTS Findings across the TCGA dataset (N=1363 patients) and our cohort (N=508) were consistent. Gene loss was the most common MTAP alteration (9.4%), mostly co-occurring with CDKN2A/B loss (97.7%). Biliopancreatic and gastro-oesophageal cancers had the highest prevalence of MTAP loss (20.5% and 12.7%, respectively), being mostly microsatellite stable (99.2%). In colorectal cancer, MTAP loss was rare (1.1%), while most MTAP alterations were mutations (5/7, 71.4%); among the latter, only MTAP-CDKN2B truncation led to protein loss, thus potentially actionable. MTAP loss did not confer worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS MTAP alterations are found in 5%-10% of GI cancers, most frequently biliopancreatic and gastro-oesophageal. MTAP loss is the most common alteration, identified almost exclusively in MSS, CDKN2A/B loss, upper-GI cancers. Other MTAP alterations were found in colorectal cancer, but unlikely to cause protein loss and drug susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Mauri
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Patelli
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Roazzi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Valtorta
- Department of Pathology, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Amatu
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marrapese
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Bonazzina
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Tosi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Bencardino
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ciarlo
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Mariella
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Marsoni
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Bardelli
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bonoldi
- Department of Pathology, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartore-Bianchi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Siena
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
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2
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Feng J, Hsu PF, Esteva E, Labella R, Wang Y, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Pucella J, Liu CZ, Arbini AA, Tsirigos A, Kousteni S, Reizis B. Haplodeficiency of the 9p21 tumor suppressor locus causes myeloid disorders driven by the bone marrow microenvironment. Blood 2023; 142:460-476. [PMID: 37267505 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The chromosome 9p21 locus comprises several tumor suppressor genes including MTAP, CDKN2A, and CDKN2B, and its homo- or heterozygous deletion is associated with reduced survival in multiple cancer types. We report that mice with germ line monoallelic deletion or induced biallelic deletion of the 9p21-syntenic locus (9p21s) developed a fatal myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN)-like disease associated with aberrant trabecular bone formation and/or fibrosis in the bone marrow (BM). Reciprocal BM transfers and conditional targeting of 9p21s suggested that the disease originates in the BM stroma. Single-cell analysis of 9p21s-deficient BM stroma revealed the expansion of chondrocyte and osteogenic precursors, reflected in increased osteogenic differentiation in vitro. It also showed reduced expression of factors maintaining hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, including Cxcl12. Accordingly, 9p21s-deficient mice showed reduced levels of circulating Cxcl12 and concomitant upregulation of the profibrotic chemokine Cxcl13 and the osteogenesis- and fibrosis-related multifunctional glycoprotein osteopontin/Spp1. Our study highlights the potential of mutations in the BM microenvironment to drive MDS/MPN-like disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Feng
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Pei-Feng Hsu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Eduardo Esteva
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rossella Labella
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Joseph Pucella
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Cynthia Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Arnaldo A Arbini
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Stavroula Kousteni
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Boris Reizis
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
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3
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Winkler R, Piskor EM, Kosan C. Lessons from Using Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of MYC-Induced Lymphoma. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010037. [PMID: 36611833 PMCID: PMC9818924 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic overexpression of MYC leads to the fatal deregulation of signaling pathways, cellular metabolism, and cell growth. MYC rearrangements are found frequently among non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas enforcing MYC overexpression. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) were developed to understand MYC-induced B-cell lymphomagenesis. Here, we highlight the advantages of using Eµ-Myc transgenic mice. We thoroughly compiled the available literature to discuss common challenges when using such mouse models. Furthermore, we give an overview of pathways affected by MYC based on knowledge gained from the use of GEMMs. We identified top regulators of MYC-induced lymphomagenesis, including some candidates that are not pharmacologically targeted yet.
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4
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Marjon K, Kalev P, Marks K. Cancer Dependencies: PRMT5 and MAT2A in MTAP/p16-Deleted Cancers. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of targeted therapies that selectively exploit the genetic inactivation of specific tumor suppressors remains a major challenge. This includes the prevalent deletion of the CDKN2A/ MTAP locus, which was first reported nearly 40 years ago. The more recent advent of RNA interference and functional genomic screening technologies led to the identification of hidden collateral lethalities occurring with passenger deletions of MTAP in cancer cells. In particular, small-molecule inhibition of the type II arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and the S-adenosylmethionine-producing enzyme MAT2A each presents a precision medicine approach for the treatment of patients whose tumors have homozygous loss of MTAP. In this review, we highlight key aspects of MTAP, PRMT5, and MAT2A biology to provide a conceptual framework for developing novel therapeutic strategies in tumors with MTAP deletion and to summarize ongoing efforts to drug PRMT5 and MAT2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Marjon
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter Kalev
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kevin Marks
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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5
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Ferrad M, Ghazzaui N, Issaoui H, Cook-Moreau J, Denizot Y. Mouse Models of c-myc Deregulation Driven by IgH Locus Enhancers as Models of B-Cell Lymphomagenesis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1564. [PMID: 32793219 PMCID: PMC7390917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations linking various oncogenes to transcriptional enhancers of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus are often implicated as the cause of B-cell malignancies. Two major IgH transcriptional enhancers have been reported so far. The Eμ enhancer located upstream of the Cμ gene controls early events in B-cell maturation such as VDJ recombination. The 3' regulatory region (3'RR) located downstream from the Cα gene controls late events in B-cell maturation such as IgH transcription, somatic hypermutation, and class switch recombination. Convincing demonstrations of the essential contributions of both Eμ and 3'RR in B-cell lymphomagenesis have been provided by transgenic and knock-in animal models which bring the oncogene c-myc under Eμ/3'RR transcriptional control. This short review summarizes the different mouse models so far available and their interests/limitations for progress in our understanding of human c-myc-induced B-cell lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ferrad
- Inserm U1262, UMR CNRS 7276, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Nour Ghazzaui
- Inserm U1262, UMR CNRS 7276, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hussein Issaoui
- Inserm U1262, UMR CNRS 7276, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Jeanne Cook-Moreau
- Inserm U1262, UMR CNRS 7276, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Yves Denizot
- Inserm U1262, UMR CNRS 7276, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
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6
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Hansen LJ, Sun R, Yang R, Singh SX, Chen LH, Pirozzi CJ, Moure CJ, Hemphill C, Carpenter AB, Healy P, Ruger RC, Chen CPJ, Greer PK, Zhao F, Spasojevic I, Grenier C, Huang Z, Murphy SK, McLendon RE, Friedman HS, Friedman AH, Herndon JE, Sampson JH, Keir ST, Bigner DD, Yan H, He Y. MTAP Loss Promotes Stemness in Glioblastoma and Confers Unique Susceptibility to Purine Starvation. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3383-3394. [PMID: 31040154 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Homozygous deletion of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is one of the most frequent genetic alterations in glioblastoma (GBM), but its pathologic consequences remain unclear. In this study, we report that loss of MTAP results in profound epigenetic reprogramming characterized by hypomethylation of PROM1/CD133-associated stem cell regulatory pathways. MTAP deficiency promotes glioma stem-like cell (GSC) formation with increased expression of PROM1/CD133 and enhanced tumorigenicity of GBM cells and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with GBM. As a combined consequence of purine production deficiency in MTAP-null GBM and the critical dependence of GSCs on purines, the enriched subset of CD133+ cells in MTAP-null GBM can be effectively depleted by inhibition of de novo purine synthesis. These findings suggest that MTAP loss promotes the pathogenesis of GBM by shaping the epigenetic landscape and stemness of GBM cells while simultaneously providing a unique opportunity for GBM therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: This study links the frequently mutated metabolic enzyme MTAP to dysregulated epigenetics and cancer cell stemness and establishes MTAP status as a factor for consideration in characterizing GBM and developing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon J Hansen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ran Sun
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Rui Yang
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Simranjit X Singh
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lee H Chen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher J Pirozzi
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Casey J Moure
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carlee Hemphill
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Austin B Carpenter
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Patrick Healy
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ryan C Ruger
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chin-Pu J Chen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paula K Greer
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Fangping Zhao
- Genetron Health Technologies, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carole Grenier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roger E McLendon
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Henry S Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Allan H Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - James E Herndon
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John H Sampson
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephen T Keir
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Darell D Bigner
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hai Yan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yiping He
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. .,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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7
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Woollard WJ, Kalaivani NP, Jones CL, Roper C, Tung L, Lee JJ, Thomas BR, Tosi I, Ferreira S, Beyers CZ, McKenzie RCT, Butler RM, Lorenc A, Whittaker SJ, Mitchell TJ. Independent Loss of Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase (MTAP) in Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1238-1246. [PMID: 26872600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A-CDKN2B are frequently deleted in malignancies. The specific role of MTAP in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma subgroups, mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), is unknown. In 213 skin samples from patients with MF/SS, MTAP copy number loss (34%) was more frequent than CDKN2A (12%) in all cutaneous T-cell lymphoma stages using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Importantly, in early stage MF, MTAP loss occurred independently of CDKN2A loss in 37% of samples. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with SS, codeletion with CDKN2A occurred in 18% of samples but loss of MTAP alone was uncommon. In CD4(+) cells from SS, reduced MTAP mRNA expression correlated with MTAP copy number loss (P < 0.01) but reduced MTAP expression was also detected in the absence of copy number loss. Deep sequencing of MTAP/CDKN2A-CDKN2B loci in 77 peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA samples from patients with SS did not show any nonsynonymous mutations, but read-depth analysis suggested focal deletions consistent with MTAP and CDKN2A copy number loss detected with quantitative reverse transcription PCR. In a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cell line, promoter hypermethylation was shown to downregulate MTAP expression and may represent a mechanism of MTAP inactivation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that there may be selection in early stages of MF for MTAP deletion within the cutaneous tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Woollard
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nithyha P Kalaivani
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christine L Jones
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine Roper
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lam Tung
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bjorn R Thomas
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Isabella Tosi
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Silvia Ferreira
- Viapath, Skin Tumour Unit, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Carl Z Beyers
- Viapath, Skin Tumour Unit, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robert C T McKenzie
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rosie M Butler
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Lorenc
- Transformational Bioinformatics, NIHR Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital Foundation Trust and Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Sean J Whittaker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tracey J Mitchell
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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8
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Li CF, Fang FM, Kung HJ, Chen LT, Wang JW, Tsai JW, Yu SC, Wang YH, Li SH, Huang HY. Downregulated MTAP expression in myxofibrosarcoma: A characterization of inactivating mechanisms, tumor suppressive function, and therapeutic relevance. Oncotarget 2015; 5:11428-41. [PMID: 25426549 PMCID: PMC4294342 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxofibrosarcomas are genetically complex and involve recurrently deleted chromosome 9p, for which we characterized the pathogenically relevant target(s) using genomic profiling. In 12 of the 15 samples, we detected complete or partial losses of 9p. The only aggressiveness-associated, differentially lost region was 9p21.3, spanning the potential inactivated methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) that exhibited homozygous (4/15) or hemizygous (3/15) deletions. In independent samples, MTAP gene status was assessed using quantitative- and methylation-specific PCR assays, and immunoexpression was evaluated. We applied MTAP reexpression or knockdown to elucidate the functional roles of MTAP and the therapeutic potential of L-alanosine in MTAP-preserved and MTAP-deficient myxofibrosarcoma cell lines and xenografts. MTAP protein deficiency (37%) was associated with MTAP gene inactivation (P < 0.001) by homozygous deletion or promoter methylation, and independently portended unfavorable metastasis-free survival (P = 0.0318) and disease-specific survival (P = 0.014). Among the MTAP-deficient cases, the homozygous deletion of MTAP predicted adverse outcome. In MTAP-deficient cells, MTAP reexpression inhibited cell migration and invasion, proliferation, and anchorage-independent colony formation and downregulated cyclin D1. This approach also attenuated the tube-forming abilities of human umbilical venous endothelial cells, attributable to the transcriptional repression of MMP-9, and abrogated the susceptibility to L-alanosine. The inhibiting effects of MTAP expression on tumor growth, angiogenesis, and the induction of apoptosis by L-alanosine were validated using MTAP-reexpressing xenografts and reverted using RNA interference in MTAP-preserved cells. In conclusion, homozygous deletion primarily accounts for the adverse prognostic impact of MTAP deficiency and confers the biological aggressiveness and susceptibility to L-alanosine in myxofibrosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan. National Institute of Cancer Research National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Min Fang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tzong Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine and Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Wen Wang
- Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Tsai
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Tawian
| | - Shih Chen Yu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- Institute of Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Hsuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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9
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Expression of MTAP inhibits tumor-related phenotypes in HT1080 cells via a mechanism unrelated to its enzymatic function. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 5:35-44. [PMID: 25387827 PMCID: PMC4291467 DOI: 10.1534/g3.114.014555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase (MTAP) is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently deleted in human cancers and encodes an enzyme responsible for the catabolism of the polyamine byproduct 5′deoxy-5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA). To elucidate the mechanism by which MTAP inhibits tumor formation, we have reintroduced MTAP into MTAP-deleted HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells. Expression of MTAP resulted in a variety of phenotypes, including decreased colony formation in soft-agar, decreased migration, decreased in vitro invasion, increased matrix metalloproteinase production, and reduced ability to form tumors in severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Microarray analysis showed that MTAP affected the expression of genes involved in a variety of processes, including cell adhesion, extracellular matrix interaction, and cell signaling. Treatment of MTAP-expressing cells with a potent inhibitor of MTAP’s enzymatic activity (MT-DADMe-ImmA) did not result in a MTAP− phenotype. This finding suggests that MTAP’s tumor suppressor function is not the same as its known enzymatic function. To confirm this, we introduced a catalytically inactive version of MTAP, D220A, into HT1080 cells and found that this mutant was fully capable of reversing the soft agar colony formation, migration, and matrix metalloproteinase phenotypes. Our results show that MTAP affects cellular phenotypes in HT1080 cells in a manner that is independent of its known enzymatic activity.
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