1
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Xiang H, Pan Y, Sze MA, Wlodarska M, Li L, van de Mark KA, Qamar H, Moure CJ, Linn DE, Hai J, Huo Y, Clarke J, Tan TG, Ho S, Teng KW, Ramli MN, Nebozhyn M, Zhang C, Barlow J, Gustafson CE, Gornisiewicz S, Albertson TP, Korle SL, Bueno R, Moy LY, Vollmann EH, Chiang DY, Brandish PE, Loboda A. Single-Cell Analysis Identifies NOTCH3-Mediated Interactions between Stromal Cells That Promote Microenvironment Remodeling and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1410-1425. [PMID: 38335304 PMCID: PMC11063690 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD); however, a significant proportion of patients do not respond. Recent transcriptomic studies to understand determinants of immunotherapy response have pinpointed stromal-mediated resistance mechanisms. To gain a better understanding of stromal biology at the cellular and molecular level in LUAD, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 256,379 cells, including 13,857 mesenchymal cells, from 9 treatment-naïve patients. Among the mesenchymal cell subsets, FAP+PDPN+ cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and ACTA2+MCAM+ pericytes were enriched in tumors and differentiated from lung-resident fibroblasts. Imaging mass cytometry revealed that both subsets were topographically adjacent to the perivascular niche and had close spatial interactions with endothelial cells (EC). Modeling of ligand and receptor interactomes between mesenchymal and ECs identified that NOTCH signaling drives these cell-to-cell interactions in tumors, with pericytes and CAFs as the signal receivers and arterial and PLVAPhigh immature neovascular ECs as the signal senders. Either pharmacologically blocking NOTCH signaling or genetically depleting NOTCH3 levels in mesenchymal cells significantly reduced collagen production and suppressed cell invasion. Bulk RNA sequencing data demonstrated that NOTCH3 expression correlated with poor survival in stroma-rich patients and that a T cell-inflamed gene signature only predicted survival in patients with low NOTCH3. Collectively, this study provides valuable insights into the role of NOTCH3 in regulating tumor stroma biology, warranting further studies to elucidate the clinical implications of targeting NOTCH3 signaling. SIGNIFICANCE NOTCH3 signaling activates tumor-associated mesenchymal cells, increases collagen production, and augments cell invasion in lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting its critical role in remodeling tumor stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Xiang
- Discovery Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yidan Pan
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marc A. Sze
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marta Wlodarska
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Li
- Quantitative Bioscience, MSD, Singapore
| | | | - Haleema Qamar
- Discovery Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Casey J. Moure
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas E. Linn
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Josephine Hai
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Huo
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James Clarke
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tze Guan Tan
- Discovery Cardiometabolic Diseases, MSD, Singapore
| | - Samantha Ho
- Discovery Cardiometabolic Diseases, MSD, Singapore
| | | | | | - Michael Nebozhyn
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julianne Barlow
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Corinne E. Gustafson
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Savanna Gornisiewicz
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas P. Albertson
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie L. Korle
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael Bueno
- The Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lily Y. Moy
- Quantitative Bioscience, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Derek Y. Chiang
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Andrey Loboda
- Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
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2
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Moure CJ, Vara B, Cheng MM, Sondey C, Muise E, Park E, Vela Ramirez JE, Su D, D'Souza S, Yan Q, Yeung CS, Zhang M, Mansueto MS, Linn D, Buchanan M, Foti R, DiMauro E, Long B, Simov V, Barry ER. Activation of Hepatocyte Growth Factor/MET Signaling as a Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to a Novel YAP1/TEAD Small Molecule Inhibitor. Mol Cancer Ther 2024:OF1-OF14. [PMID: 38691847 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Many tumor types harbor alterations in the Hippo pathway, including mesothelioma, where a high percentage of cases are considered YAP1/TEAD dependent. Identification of autopalmitoylation sites in the hydrophobic palmitate pocket of TEADs, which may be necessary for YAP1 protein interactions, has enabled modern drug discovery platforms to generate compounds that allosterically inhibit YAP1/TEAD complex formation and transcriptional activity. We report the discovery and characterization of a novel YAP1/TEAD inhibitor MRK-A from an aryl ether chemical series demonstrating potent and specific inhibition of YAP1/TEAD activity. In vivo, MRK-A showed a favorable tolerability profile in mice and demonstrated pharmacokinetics suitable for twice daily oral dosing in preclinical efficacy studies. Importantly, monotherapeutic targeting of YAP1/TEAD in preclinical models generated regressions in a mesothelioma CDX model; however, rapid resistance to therapy was observed. RNA-sequencing of resistant tumors revealed mRNA expression changes correlated with the resistance state and a marked increase of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression. In vitro, exogenous HGF was able to fully rescue cytostasis induced by MRK-A in mesothelioma cell lines. In addition, co-administration of small molecule inhibitors of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase suppressed the resistance generating effect of HGF on MRK-A induced growth inhibition. In this work, we report the structure and characterization of MRK-A, demonstrating potent and specific inhibition of YAP1/TAZ-TEAD-mediated transcriptional responses, with potential implications for treating malignancies driven by altered Hippo signaling, including factors resulting in acquired drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey J Moure
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Brandon Vara
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Mangeng M Cheng
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Christopher Sondey
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Eric Muise
- Department of Data and Genome Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Eunsil Park
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | | | - Dan Su
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Shanti D'Souza
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Charles S Yeung
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Minjia Zhang
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - My Sam Mansueto
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Doug Linn
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Mark Buchanan
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Robert Foti
- Department of PPDM, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Erin DiMauro
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Brian Long
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Vladimir Simov
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Evan R Barry
- Department of Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
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3
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Moure CJ, Sondey C, Cheng M, Mansueto M, Fernandez R, Schneider SE, Ramirez JV, Long B, DiMauro E, Vara B, Yeung C, Achab A, Lim J, Kim R, Zarate C, Bennett J, Palte R, Foti R, Simov V, Barry E. Abstract 3938: Discovery of a novel small molecule inhibitor of the YAP1/TAZ-TEAD transcriptional complex. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hippo pathway alterations in human cancers often result in dephosphorylation of yes-associated protein (YAP1) and its paralog TAZ (WWTR1), allowing the formation of an active complex with transcriptional enhanced associate domain transcription factors (TEADs). This complex formation results in the activation of pro-survival and pro-proliferative transcriptional programs in cancer cells. Many tumor types harbor alterations in the Hippo pathway, including mesothelioma, where a high percentage of tumors are driven by YAP1/TEAD activity. Although traditionally difficult to drug with small molecules, identification of autopalmitoylation sites in the hydrophobic palmitate pocket of TEADs necessary for YAP1 interaction has enabled modern drug discovery platforms to generate compounds that allosterically inhibit YAP1/TAZ-TEAD complex formation and transcriptional activity. We report the discovery and characterization of the novel YAP1/TAZ-TEAD inhibitor MRK-A from an aryl ether chemical series demonstrating potent and specific inhibition of YAP1/TAZ-TEAD activity. In biochemical thermal shift assays, MRK-A caused a concentration-dependent melting temperature shift of 8-12.5 and 0.6-1.5 degrees for TEAD1 and TEAD2, respectively, indicating direct binding to TEAD protein. In cellular assays, MRK-A demonstrated inhibition of a TEAD-based reporter assay, with little to no activity in multiple orthogonal off-target reporter assays such as WNT, NF-KB, TGFB and PPARG (8.4 nM vs. >10000 nM), which is consistent with the exquisite selectivity profile of this molecule (>1000x selectivity against 350+ measured kinases and other common off-targets). In the NF2-deficient mesothelioma cell line H226, MRK-A suppressed the transcription of endogenous YAP/TAZ-TEAD target genes CYR61, ERBB3, ANKRD1 and CTGF (50-75% inhibition at 100 nM), but not LATS1, a non-TEAD regulated Hippo pathway gene. In co-immunoprecipitation assays, MRK-A disrupted the interaction of YAP1 and TEAD in H226 cells at concentrations consistent with inhibition of target genes. In addition, MRK-A potently blocked the clonogenic growth and viability of H226 cells in a dose-dependent manner (maximal response at 1 µM compound >90% growth inhibition), while sparing the Hippo wild-type mesothelioma cell line H28. Furthermore, structurally similar control compounds, MRK-B and MRK-C, without the ability to block TEAD-mediated transcription (TEAD reporter MCF7 assay IC50 > 10000 nM), did not impact the clonogenic growth of H226 cells. In vivo, MRK-A did not show acute tolerability signals in mice and demonstrated pharmacokinetics suitable for daily oral dosing in efficacy studies. In summary, we report the structure and characterization of MRK-A demonstrating potent and specific inhibition of YAP1/TAZ-TEAD mediated transcriptional responses, with potential implications for treating malignancies driven by altered Hippo signaling.
Citation Format: Casey J. Moure, Christopher Sondey, Mangeng Cheng, My Mansueto, Rafael Fernandez, Sebastian E. Schneider, Julia V. Ramirez, Brian Long, Erin DiMauro, Brandon Vara, Charles Yeung, Abe Achab, Jongwon Lim, Ronald Kim, Cayetana Zarate, Jonathan Bennett, Rachel Palte, Robert Foti, Vladimir Simov, Evan Barry. Discovery of a novel small molecule inhibitor of the YAP1/TAZ-TEAD transcriptional complex [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3938.
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4
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Du C, Hansen LJ, Singh SX, Wang F, Sun R, Moure CJ, Roso K, Greer PK, Yan H, He Y. A PRMT5-RNF168-SMURF2 Axis Controls H2AX Proteostasis. Cell Rep 2020; 28:3199-3211.e5. [PMID: 31533041 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
H2AX safeguards genomic stability in a dose-dependent manner; however, mechanisms governing its proteostasis are poorly understood. Here, we identify a PRMT5-RNF168-SMURF2 cascade that regulates H2AX proteostasis. We show that PRMT5 sustains the expression of RNF168, an E3 ubiquitin ligase essential for DNA damage response (DDR). Suppression of PRMT5 occurs in methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP)-deficient glioblastoma cells and attenuates the expression of RNF168, leading to destabilization of H2AX by E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF2. RNF168 and SMURF2 serve as a stabilizer and destabilizer of H2AX, respectively, via their dynamic interactions with H2AX. In supporting an important role of this signaling cascade in regulating H2AX, MTAP-deficient glioblastoma cells display higher levels of DNA damage spontaneously or in response to genotoxic agents. These findings reveal a regulatory mechanism of H2AX proteostasis and define a signaling cascade that is essential to DDR and that is disrupted by the loss of a metabolic enzyme in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Du
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Landon J Hansen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Simranjit X Singh
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Pathology Graduate Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Feiyifan Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ran Sun
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Casey J Moure
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kristen Roso
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Paula K Greer
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hai Yan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yiping He
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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5
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Wang Z, Xu C, Diplas BH, Moure CJ, Chen CPJ, Chen LH, Du C, Zhu H, Greer PK, Zhang L, He Y, Waitkus MS, Yan H. Targeting Mutant PPM1D Sensitizes Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Cells to the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:968-980. [PMID: 32229503 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an invariably fatal brain tumor occurring predominantly in children. Up to 90% of pediatric DIPGs harbor a somatic heterozygous mutation resulting in the replacement of lysine 27 with methionine (K27M) in genes encoding histone H3.3 (H3F3A, 65%) or H3.1 (HIST1H3B, 25%). Several studies have also identified recurrent truncating mutations in the gene encoding protein phosphatase 1D, PPM1D, in 9%-23% of DIPGs. Here, we sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting PPM1D, alone or in combination with inhibitors targeting specific components of DNA damage response pathways in patient-derived DIPG cell lines. We found that GSK2830371, an allosteric PPM1D inhibitor, suppressed the proliferation of PPM1D-mutant, but not PPM1D wild-type DIPG cells. We further observed that PPM1D inhibition sensitized PPM1D-mutant DIPG cells to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) treatment. Mechanistically, combined PPM1D and PARP inhibition show synergistic effects on suppressing a p53-dependent RAD51 expression and the formation of RAD51 nuclear foci, possibly leading to impaired homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair in PPM1D-mutant DIPG cells. Collectively, our findings reveal the potential role of the PPM1D-p53 signaling axis in the regulation of HR-mediated DNA repair and provide preclinical evidence demonstrating that combined inhibition of PPM1D and PARP1/2 may be a promising therapeutic combination for targeting PPM1D-mutant DIPG tumors. IMPLICATIONS: The findings support the use of PARPi in combination with PPM1D inhibition against PPM1D-mutant DIPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Casey J Moure
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chin-Pu Jason Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lee H Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Changzheng Du
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Huishan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paula K Greer
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping He
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew S Waitkus
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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6
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Moure CJ, Diplas BH, Chen LH, Yang R, Pirozzi CJ, Wang Z, Spasojevic I, Waitkus MS, He Y, Yan H. CRISPR Editing of Mutant IDH1 R132H Induces a CpG Methylation-Low State in Patient-Derived Glioma Models of G-CIMP. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:2042-2050. [PMID: 31292202 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH) occur in the majority of World Health Organization grade II and III gliomas. IDH1/2 active site mutations confer a neomorphic enzyme activity producing the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), which generates the glioma CpG island methylation phenotype (G-CIMP). While IDH1/2 mutations and G-CIMP are commonly retained during tumor recurrence, recent work has uncovered losses of the IDH1 mutation in a subset of secondary glioblastomas. Cooccurrence of the loss of the mutant allele with extensive methylation changes suggests a possible link between the two phenomena. Here, we utilize patient-derived IDH1R132H/WT glioma cell lines and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene knockout to model the genetic loss of IDH1 R132H, and characterize the effects of this deletion on DNA methylation. After D-2HG production has been abolished by deletions within the IDH1 alleles, these models show persistent DNA hypermethylation at seven CpG sites previously used to define G-CIMP-positivity in patient tumor samples. Despite these defining G-CIMP sites showing persistent hypermethylation, we observed a genome-wide pattern of DNA demethylation, enriched for CpG sites located within open sea regions of the genome, as well as in CpG-island shores of transcription start sites, after loss of D-2HG production. These results suggest that inhibition of D-2HG from genetic deletion of IDH alleles is not sufficient to reverse hypermethylation of all G-CIMP-defining CpG sites, but does result in more demethylation globally and may contribute to the formation of a G-CIMP-low-like phenotype. IMPLICATIONS: These findings show that loss of the IDH1 mutation in malignant glioma cells leads to a pattern of DNA methylation alterations, and shows plausibility of IDH1 mutation loss being causally related to the gain of a G-CIMP-low-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey J Moure
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lee H Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher J Pirozzi
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Core Laboratory, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew S Waitkus
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yiping He
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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7
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Hansen LJ, Sun R, Yang R, Singh SX, Chen LH, Pirozzi CJ, Moure CJ, Hemphill C, Carpenter AB, Healy P, Ruger RC, Chen CPJ, Greer PK, Zhao F, Spasojevic I, Grenier C, Huang Z, Murphy SK, McLendon RE, Friedman HS, Friedman AH, Herndon JE, Sampson JH, Keir ST, Bigner DD, Yan H, He Y. MTAP Loss Promotes Stemness in Glioblastoma and Confers Unique Susceptibility to Purine Starvation. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3383-3394. [PMID: 31040154 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Homozygous deletion of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is one of the most frequent genetic alterations in glioblastoma (GBM), but its pathologic consequences remain unclear. In this study, we report that loss of MTAP results in profound epigenetic reprogramming characterized by hypomethylation of PROM1/CD133-associated stem cell regulatory pathways. MTAP deficiency promotes glioma stem-like cell (GSC) formation with increased expression of PROM1/CD133 and enhanced tumorigenicity of GBM cells and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with GBM. As a combined consequence of purine production deficiency in MTAP-null GBM and the critical dependence of GSCs on purines, the enriched subset of CD133+ cells in MTAP-null GBM can be effectively depleted by inhibition of de novo purine synthesis. These findings suggest that MTAP loss promotes the pathogenesis of GBM by shaping the epigenetic landscape and stemness of GBM cells while simultaneously providing a unique opportunity for GBM therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: This study links the frequently mutated metabolic enzyme MTAP to dysregulated epigenetics and cancer cell stemness and establishes MTAP status as a factor for consideration in characterizing GBM and developing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon J Hansen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ran Sun
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Rui Yang
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Simranjit X Singh
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lee H Chen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher J Pirozzi
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Casey J Moure
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carlee Hemphill
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Austin B Carpenter
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Patrick Healy
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ryan C Ruger
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chin-Pu J Chen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paula K Greer
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Fangping Zhao
- Genetron Health Technologies, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carole Grenier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roger E McLendon
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Henry S Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Allan H Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - James E Herndon
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John H Sampson
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephen T Keir
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Darell D Bigner
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hai Yan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yiping He
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. .,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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8
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Lei K, Sun R, Chen LH, Diplas BH, Moure CJ, Wang W, Hansen LJ, Tao Y, Chen X, Chen CPJ, Greer PK, Zhao F, Yan H, Bigner DD, Huang J, He Y. Mutant allele quantification reveals a genetic basis for TP53 mutation-driven castration resistance in prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12507. [PMID: 30131529 PMCID: PMC6104024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept that human cancer is in essence a genetic disease driven by gene mutations has been well established, yet its utilization in functional studies of cancer genes has not been fully explored. Here, we describe a simple genetics-based approach that can quickly and sensitively reveal the effect of the alteration of a gene of interest on the fate of its host cells within a heterogeneous population, essentially monitoring the genetic selection that is associated with and powers the tumorigenesis. Using this approach, we discovered that loss-of-function of TP53 can promote the development of resistance of castration in prostate cancer cells via both transiently potentiating androgen-independent cell growth and facilitating the occurrence of genome instability. The study thus reveals a novel genetic basis underlying the development of castration resistance in prostate cancer cells and provides a facile genetic approach for studying a cancer gene of interest in versatile experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefeng Lei
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Lee H Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Casey J Moure
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Wenzhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Landon J Hansen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yulei Tao
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chin-Pu Jason Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Paula K Greer
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Darell D Bigner
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yiping He
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,The Preston Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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9
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Diplas BH, He X, Brosnan-Cashman JA, Liu H, Chen LH, Wang Z, Moure CJ, Killela PJ, Loriaux DB, Lipp ES, Greer PK, Yang R, Rizzo AJ, Rodriguez FJ, Friedman AH, Friedman HS, Wang S, He Y, McLendon RE, Bigner DD, Jiao Y, Waitkus MS, Meeker AK, Yan H. The genomic landscape of TERT promoter wildtype-IDH wildtype glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2087. [PMID: 29802247 PMCID: PMC5970234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of glioblastomas can be classified into molecular subgroups based on mutations in the TERT promoter (TERTp) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH). These molecular subgroups utilize distinct genetic mechanisms of telomere maintenance, either TERTp mutation leading to telomerase activation or ATRX-mutation leading to an alternative lengthening of telomeres phenotype (ALT). However, about 20% of glioblastomas lack alterations in TERTp and IDH. These tumors, designated TERTpWT-IDHWT glioblastomas, do not have well-established genetic biomarkers or defined mechanisms of telomere maintenance. Here we report the genetic landscape of TERTpWT-IDHWT glioblastoma and identify SMARCAL1 inactivating mutations as a novel genetic mechanism of ALT. Furthermore, we identify a novel mechanism of telomerase activation in glioblastomas that occurs via chromosomal rearrangements upstream of TERT. Collectively, our findings define novel molecular subgroups of glioblastoma, including a telomerase-positive subgroup driven by TERT-structural rearrangements (IDHWT-TERTSV), and an ALT-positive subgroup (IDHWT-ALT) with mutations in ATRX or SMARCAL1. Glioblastoma can be classified based on IDH and TERT promoter mutations, but ~20% of glioblastoma do not have these mutations (TERTpWT-IDHWT glioblastoma). Here, the authors present a genetic landscape of TERTpWT-IDHWT glioblastoma, identifying a telomerase-positive subgroup driven by TERT-structural rearrangements and an ALT-positive subgroup with mutations in ATRX or SMARCAL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill H Diplas
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Xujun He
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jacqueline A Brosnan-Cashman
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21231, MD, USA
| | - Heng Liu
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Lee H Chen
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Casey J Moure
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Patrick J Killela
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Daniel B Loriaux
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Eric S Lipp
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Paula K Greer
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Anthony J Rizzo
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21231, MD, USA
| | - Fausto J Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21231, MD, USA
| | - Allan H Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Henry S Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Sizhen Wang
- Genetron Health (Beijing) Co. Ltd, Beijing, 102208, China
| | - Yiping He
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Roger E McLendon
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Darell D Bigner
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Yuchen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Matthew S Waitkus
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21231, MD, USA.
| | - Hai Yan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.
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10
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Waitkus MS, Pirozzi CJ, Moure CJ, Diplas BH, Hansen LJ, Carpenter AB, Yang R, Wang Z, Ingram BO, Karoly ED, Mohney RP, Spasojevic I, McLendon RE, Friedman HS, He Y, Bigner DD, Yan H. Adaptive Evolution of the GDH2 Allosteric Domain Promotes Gliomagenesis by Resolving IDH1 R132H-Induced Metabolic Liabilities. Cancer Res 2017; 78:36-50. [PMID: 29097607 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hotspot mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene occur in a number of human cancers and confer a neomorphic enzyme activity that catalyzes the conversion of α-ketoglutarate (αKG) to the oncometabolite D-(2)-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG). In malignant gliomas, IDH1R132H expression induces widespread metabolic reprogramming, possibly requiring compensatory mechanisms to sustain the normal biosynthetic requirements of actively proliferating tumor cells. We used genetically engineered mouse models of glioma and quantitative metabolomics to investigate IDH1R132H-dependent metabolic reprogramming and its potential to induce biosynthetic liabilities that can be exploited for glioma therapy. In gliomagenic neural progenitor cells, IDH1R132H expression increased the abundance of dipeptide metabolites, depleted key tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites, and slowed progression of murine gliomas. Notably, expression of glutamate dehydrogenase GDH2, a hominoid-specific enzyme with relatively restricted expression to the brain, was critically involved in compensating for IDH1R132H-induced metabolic alterations and promoting IDH1R132H glioma growth. Indeed, we found that recently evolved amino acid substitutions in the GDH2 allosteric domain conferred its nonredundant, glioma-promoting properties in the presence of IDH1 mutation. Our results indicate that among the unique roles for GDH2 in the human forebrain is its ability to limit IDH1R132H-mediated metabolic liabilities, thus promoting glioma growth in this context. Results from this study raise the possibility that GDH2-specific inhibition may be a viable therapeutic strategy for gliomas with IDH mutations.Significance: These findings show that the homonid-specific brain enzyme GDH2 may be essential to mitigate metabolic liabilities created by IDH1 mutations in glioma, with possible implications to leverage its therapeutic management by IDH1 inhibitors. Cancer Res; 78(1); 36-50. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Waitkus
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher J Pirozzi
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Casey J Moure
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Landon J Hansen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Austin B Carpenter
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine - Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Core Laboratory, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roger E McLendon
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Henry S Friedman
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yiping He
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Darell D Bigner
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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11
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Yang R, Chen LH, Hansen LJ, Carpenter AB, Moure CJ, Liu H, Pirozzi CJ, Diplas BH, Waitkus MS, Greer PK, Zhu H, McLendon RE, Bigner DD, He Y, Yan H. Cic Loss Promotes Gliomagenesis via Aberrant Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6097-6108. [PMID: 28939681 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations in the transcriptional repression factor Capicua (CIC) occur in approximately 50% of human oligodendrogliomas, but mechanistic links to pathogenesis are unclear. To address this question, we generated Cic-deficient mice and human oligodendroglioma cell models. Genetic deficiency in mice resulted in a partially penetrant embryonic or perinatal lethal phenotype, with the production of an aberrant proliferative neural population in surviving animals. In vitro cultured neural stem cells derived from Cic conditional knockout mice bypassed an EGF requirement for proliferation and displayed a defect in their potential for oligodendrocyte differentiation. Cic is known to participate in gene suppression that can be relieved by EGFR signal, but we found that cic also activated expression of a broad range of EGFR-independent genes. In an orthotopic mouse model of glioma, we found that Cic loss potentiated the formation and reduced the latency in tumor development. Collectively, our results define an important role for Cic in regulating neural cell proliferation and lineage specification, and suggest mechanistic explanations for how CIC mutations may impact the pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting of oligodendroglioma. Cancer Res; 77(22); 6097-108. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lee H Chen
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Landon J Hansen
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Austin B Carpenter
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Casey J Moure
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher J Pirozzi
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew S Waitkus
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paula K Greer
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Huishan Zhu
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roger E McLendon
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Darell D Bigner
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yiping He
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology and the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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