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Ergül C, Aydın C, Shukurov B, Şalçini C, Tabak NA, Dilbaz N. The Development of Psychosis in Patients with Substance Use Disorder and Its Association with Cavum Septum Pellucidum and Adhesio Interthalamica. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2023; 33:70-75. [PMID: 38765930 PMCID: PMC11082563 DOI: 10.5152/pcp.2023.23662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is known that there is a relationship between psychotic disorders and the presence of cerebral midline defects, such as the cavum septum pellucidum and the absence of adhesio interthalamica. This study aims to investigate whether these defects in people with alcohol/substance use disorders are associated with the occurrence and persistence of psychotic symptoms. Methods The files of the patients who were hospitalized in an addiction inpatient unit were retrospectively scanned. The presence of cavum septum pellucidum and the absence of adhesio interthalamica were determined by evaluation of the magnetic resonance imaging findings. The presence of psychotic symptoms at admission and the persistence of psychotic symptoms after 2 weeks of detoxification treatment were used as dependent variables in different logistic regression models. The presence of cavum septum pellucidum and the absence of adhesio interthalamica were included in 2 separate models as independent variables. Results The results of the regression analyses showed no significant relationship with respect to cavum septum pellucidum. However, the analyses revealed that the absence of adhesio interthalamica increases the risk of the persistence of psychotic symptoms. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the absence of adhesio interthalamica can be considered a structural risk factor for the development of psychosis in people receiving treatment for substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Ergül
- Department of Psychiatry, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Addiction Unit, NPIstanbul Brain Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cumali Aydın
- Addiction Unit, NPIstanbul Brain Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Celal Şalçini
- Neurology Unit, NPIstanbul Brain Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Nesrin Dilbaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Addiction Unit, NPIstanbul Brain Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Stanwell P, Iverson GL, Van Patten R, Castellani RJ, McCrory P, Gardner AJ. Examining for Cavum Septum Pellucidum and Ventricular Enlargement in Retired Elite-Level Rugby League Players. Front Neurol 2022; 13:817709. [PMID: 35493804 PMCID: PMC9044485 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.817709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveA cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) has been reported as a visible brain anomaly in normal individuals as well in some former combat and collision sport athletes. The appearance of CSP with fenestrations and ventricular enlargement are considered associated features of the neuropathological diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The current study examined CSP anatomic features and lateral ventricle size in retired elite rugby league players and controls.MethodsForty-one retired rugby league players and 41 healthy community controls, similar in age and education, underwent structural MRI scans. CSP grade, CSP length, corpus callosum septal length, and Evans' ratio (for lateral ventricle size) were rated by two of the current study authors. All participants also self-reported concussion exposure histories, depressive symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and impulsivity. They completed a neuropsychological test battery assessing premorbid intellectual functioning, attention, processing speed, language, visuospatial skills, memory, and aspects of executive functioning.ResultsThe two raters had high agreement for CSP grade (Cohen's κ = 0.80), CSP length [intraclass correlation (ICC) = 0.99], corpus callosum septal length (ICC = 0.73), the CSP/septal ratio (ICC = 0.99), and the Evans' ratio (ICC = 0.75). Twenty-five retired players (61.0%) had an abnormal CSP compared to 17 controls [41.5%; χ(1, 82)2 = 3.12, p = 0.08, odds ratio = 2.21]. The CSP/septal ratio was larger for retired players than for the controls. The Evans' ratio did not differ between the two groups. In the retired rugby league players (n = 41), those with normal (n = 16) and abnormal (n = 25) CSP grades did not differ across age, age of first exposure to collision sport, years of sport exposure, concussion history, or 23 clinical and cognitive variables.ConclusionThis study revealed a difference in the size of the CSP between retired professional rugby league players and controls. There was no significant difference in the size of the ventricles between the two groups. There were no significant differences between those with vs. without an abnormal CSP on age of first exposure to rugby league, years of exposure to repetitive neurotrauma, number of lifetime concussions, depression, impulsivity, perceived cognitive decline, or on any neuropsychological test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stanwell
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Peter Stanwell
| | - Grant L. Iverson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Spaulding Research Institute, Charlestown, MA, United States
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program, Boston, MA, United States
- Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Ryan Van Patten
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Rudolph J. Castellani
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Paul McCrory
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Gardner
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Major B, Symons GF, Sinclair B, O'Brien WT, Costello D, Wright DK, Clough M, Mutimer S, Sun M, Yamakawa GR, Brady RD, O'Sullivan MJ, Mychasiuk R, McDonald SJ, O'Brien TJ, Law M, Kolbe S, Shultz SR. White and Gray Matter Abnormalities in Australian Footballers With a History of Sports-Related Concussion: An MRI Study. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:5331-5338. [PMID: 34148076 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sports-related concussion (SRC) is a form of mild traumatic brain injury that has been linked to long-term neurological abnormalities. Australian rules football is a collision sport with wide national participation and is growing in popularity worldwide. However, the chronic neurological consequences of SRC in Australian footballers remain poorly understood. This study investigated the presence of brain abnormalities in Australian footballers with a history of sports-related concussion (HoC) using multimodal MRI. Male Australian footballers with HoC (n = 26), as well as noncollision sport athletes with no HoC (n = 27), were recruited to the study. None of the footballers had sustained a concussion in the preceding 6 months, and all players were asymptomatic. Data were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner. White matter integrity was assessed using diffusion tensor imaging. Cortical thickness, subcortical volumes, and cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) were analyzed using structural MRI. Australian footballers had evidence of widespread microstructural white matter damage and cortical thinning. No significant differences were found regarding subcortical volumes or CSP. These novel findings provide evidence of persisting white and gray matter abnormalities in Australian footballers with HoC, and raise concerns related to the long-term neurological health of these athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Major
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Georgia F Symons
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Ben Sinclair
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - William T O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Daniel Costello
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Meaghan Clough
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Steven Mutimer
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Michael J O'Sullivan
- Department of Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Meng Law
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Radiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Scott Kolbe
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
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Asken BM, Rabinovici GD. Identifying degenerative effects of repetitive head trauma with neuroimaging: a clinically-oriented review. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:96. [PMID: 34022959 PMCID: PMC8141132 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF REVIEW Varying severities and frequencies of head trauma may result in dynamic acute and chronic pathophysiologic responses in the brain. Heightened attention to long-term effects of head trauma, particularly repetitive head trauma, has sparked recent efforts to identify neuroimaging biomarkers of underlying disease processes. Imaging modalities like structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) are the most clinically applicable given their use in neurodegenerative disease diagnosis and differentiation. In recent years, researchers have targeted repetitive head trauma cohorts in hopes of identifying in vivo biomarkers for underlying biologic changes that might ultimately improve diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in living persons. These populations most often include collision sport athletes (e.g., American football, boxing) and military veterans with repetitive low-level blast exposure. We provide a clinically-oriented review of neuroimaging data from repetitive head trauma cohorts based on structural MRI, FDG-PET, Aβ-PET, and tau-PET. We supplement the review with two patient reports of neuropathology-confirmed, clinically impaired adults with prior repetitive head trauma who underwent structural MRI, FDG-PET, Aβ-PET, and tau-PET in addition to comprehensive clinical examinations before death. REVIEW CONCLUSIONS Group-level comparisons to controls without known head trauma have revealed inconsistent regional volume differences, with possible propensity for medial temporal, limbic, and subcortical (thalamus, corpus callosum) structures. Greater frequency and severity (i.e., length) of cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is observed in repetitive head trauma cohorts compared to unexposed controls. It remains unclear whether CSP predicts a particular neurodegenerative process, but CSP presence should increase suspicion that clinical impairment is at least partly attributable to the individual's head trauma exposure (regardless of underlying disease). PET imaging similarly has not revealed a prototypical metabolic or molecular pattern associated with repetitive head trauma or predictive of CTE based on the most widely studied radiotracers. Given the range of clinical syndromes and neurodegenerative pathologies observed in a subset of adults with prior repetitive head trauma, structural MRI and PET imaging may still be useful for differential diagnosis (e.g., assessing suspected Alzheimer's disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Breton M. Asken
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Gil D. Rabinovici
- Departments of Neurology, Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
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Wang LX, Li P, He H, Guo F, Tian P, Li C, Cui LB, Xi YB, Yin H. The Prevalence of Cavum Septum Pellucidum in Mental Disorders Revealed by MRI: A Meta-Analysis. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 32:175-184. [PMID: 31266410 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.18030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) in mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia spectrum disorders and mood disorders, remains uncertain. The authors used a meta-analytical approach to determine the prevalence of CSP in mental disorders and to compare these with the prevalence of CSP in psychiatrically healthy comparison subjects. METHODS PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for relevant articles published as of January 9, 2018. After a quality assessment of individual studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, a random-effects model within Stata statistical software was used to synthesize 25 eligible studies that included 2,392 patients with mental disorders and 1,445 psychiatrically healthy comparison subjects. RESULTS The prevalence of CSP of any size and large CSP was found to be significantly higher in individuals with mental disorders compared with healthy comparison subjects, and the prevalence of CSP in schizophrenia spectrum and mood disorders did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The meta-regression with predefined covariance indicated that imaging parameters were not associated with the heterogeneity among original studies; however, the mean age of enrolled subjects was identified as a possible source of heterogeneity. No publication bias was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Xian Wang
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Ping Li
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Hong He
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Fan Guo
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Ping Tian
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Chen Li
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Long-Biao Cui
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Yi-Bin Xi
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
| | - Hong Yin
- The Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (Wang, Guo, Tian, C. Li, Cui, Xi, Yin); the Department of Radiology, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (P. Li); and the Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (He)
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Zhou X, Lin MF, Wu LH, Huang LH, Xie HN. Enlarged cavum septi pellucidi Z-scores in fetuses with trisomy 18. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:981-986. [PMID: 32283961 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1742321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We aim to establish a formula calculating the fetal cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) width Z-scores and compare CSP width between the normal fetus and 18-trisomy fetus.Methods: In this retrospective study, 608 normal fetuses and 71 fetuses with the 18-trisomy syndrome were included. Z-scores were calculated after the acquisition of CSP images. Normal CSP width Z-scores formulae were constructed based on gestational age (GA) by performing a standard regression analysis followed by weighted regression of absolute residual values. Subsequently, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the CSP width Z-scores between normal and 18-trisomy groups.Results: Formulae calculating CSP width Z-scores were constructed. Normal fetal CSP width was significantly correlated with GA (R2 = 0.50, p < .01). In 18-trisomy group, 69% (34/49) fetuses displayed enlarged fetal CSP width and CSP width Z-scores (p < .01).Conclusions: The CSP width Z-scores formulae established in the current study can provide a quantitative basis for the prenatal diagnosis of 18-trisomy syndrome. Enlarged CSP width Z-score may serve as a novel prenatal diagnostic marker for the 18-trisomy syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Fang Lin
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin-Huan Huang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Ning Xie
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Jarvis D, Griffiths PD. Normal appearances and dimensions of the foetal cavum septi pellucidi and vergae on in utero MR imaging. Neuroradiology 2020; 62:617-627. [PMID: 32002585 PMCID: PMC7186260 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-020-02364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to provide normative data about the appearances and dimensions of the cavum septi pellucidi and vergae (CSPV) on in utero MR (iuMR) imaging in second and third trimester foetuses. Methods Two hundred normal foetuses (from a low-risk pregnancy, with normal ante-natal USS findings and no intracranial abnormality of iuMR) had iuMR imaging between 18 and 37 gestational weeks (gw). The anatomical features on those studies were compared with published atlases of post-mortem foetal brains. The length, width and volume of the CSPV were measured in all foetuses. Results The anatomy of the CSPV and its relationship with the corpus callosum and the fornices on iuMR imaging was comparable with post-mortem data at all gestational ages studied. The length of the CSPV increased throughout pregnancy, whereas the width and volume of CSPV reached a maximum between 29 and 31 gw and then showed a reduction later in pregnancy. Conclusion The iuMR imaging features of the CSPV and its close anatomical relations closely correspond to post-mortem data. The CSPV was patent in all cases but we have shown that closure commences in the midpart of the third trimester and advances in a posterior to anterior direction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00234-020-02364-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Jarvis
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Floor C, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - Paul David Griffiths
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Floor C, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK.
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Azadi M, Azizi H, Haghparast A. Paternal exposure to morphine during adolescence induces reward-resistant phenotype to morphine in male offspring. Brain Res Bull 2019; 147:124-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Dremmen MHG, Bouhuis RH, Blanken LME, Muetzel RL, Vernooij MW, Marroun HE, Jaddoe VWV, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H, White T. Cavum Septum Pellucidum in the General Pediatric Population and Its Relation to Surrounding Brain Structure Volumes, Cognitive Function, and Emotional or Behavioral Problems. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:340-346. [PMID: 30679220 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cavum septum pellucidum, a cavity filled with CSF, is localized between the 2 lateral ventricles of the brain. The cavum is present in all neonates, but it typically closes within 5 months after birth. In some cases, this closure does not occur and a persistent or enlarged cavum septum pellucidum has been linked, in some studies, to psychiatric disorders. However, the clinical relevance in the general population is unknown. In this study, we examined the relationship between the cavum septum pellucidum and volumes of brain structures, cognitive function, and emotional and behavioral problems in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a prospective cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. MR imaging studies of 1070 children, 6-10 years of age, were systematically evaluated for the presence and length of a persistent cavum septum pellucidum. An enlarged cavum septum pellucidum was defined as a cavum length of ≥6 mm. Groups without, with persistent, and with enlarged cavum septi pellucidi were compared for brain structure volumes, nonverbal intelligence, and emotional and behavioral problems. RESULTS The prevalence of cavum septi pellucidi in our sample was 4.6%. Children with an enlarged cavum septum pellucidum had a larger corpus callosum, greater thalamic and total white matter-to-total brain volume ratio, and smaller lateral ventricle volumes. We did not find a relationship between cavum septi pellucidi and cognitive function or emotional and behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS The cavum septum pellucidum is a normal structural brain variation without clinical implications in this population-based sample of school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H G Dremmen
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.H.G.D., R.H.B., M.W.V., T.W.)
| | - R H Bouhuis
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.H.G.D., R.H.B., M.W.V., T.W.)
| | - L M E Blanken
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M., F.C.V., H.T., T.W.)
- Generation R Study Group (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M.), Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R L Muetzel
- Epidemiology (R.L.M., M.W.V., V.W.V.J.)
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M., F.C.V., H.T., T.W.)
- Generation R Study Group (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M.), Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M W Vernooij
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.H.G.D., R.H.B., M.W.V., T.W.)
- Epidemiology (R.L.M., M.W.V., V.W.V.J.)
| | - H E Marroun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M., F.C.V., H.T., T.W.)
- Generation R Study Group (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M.), Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - V W V Jaddoe
- Epidemiology (R.L.M., M.W.V., V.W.V.J.)
- Pediatrics (V.W.V.J.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M., F.C.V., H.T., T.W.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine (F.C.V.), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M., F.C.V., H.T., T.W.)
- Harvard School of Public Health (H.T.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T White
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.H.G.D., R.H.B., M.W.V., T.W.)
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.M.E.B., R.L.M., H.E.M., F.C.V., H.T., T.W.)
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Crooks D, Anderson NE, Widdows M, Petseva N, Koenigs M, Pluto C, Kiehl KA. The relationship between cavum septum pellucidum and psychopathic traits in a large forensic sample. Neuropsychologia 2018; 112:95-104. [PMID: 29545126 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is a neuroanatomical variant of the septum pellucidum that is considered a marker for disrupted brain development. Several small sample studies have reported CSP to be related to disruptive behavior, persistent antisocial traits, and even psychopathy. However, no large-scale samples have comprehensively examined the relationship between CSP, psychopathic traits, and antisocial behavior in forensic samples. Here we test hypotheses about the presence of CSP and its relationship to psychopathic traits in incarcerated males (N = 1432). We also examined the incidence of CSP in two non-incarcerated male control samples for comparison (N = 208 and 125). Ethnic and racial composition was varied with a mean age of 33.1, and an average IQ of 96.96. CSP was evaluated via structural magnetic resonance imaging. CSP was measured by length (number of 1.0 mm slices) in continuous analyses, and classified as absent (0) or present (1+ mm), as well as by size (absent (0), small (1-3), medium (4-5), or large (6+ mm)) for comparison with prior work. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III), Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-I/P), and Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) were used to assess IQ, substance dependence, and psychopathy, respectively. CSP length was positively associated with PCL-R total, Factor 1 (interpersonal/affective) and Facets 1 (interpersonal) and 2 (affective). CSP was no more prevalent among inmates than among non-incarcerated controls, with similar distributions of size. These results support the hypotheses that abnormal septal/limbic development may contribute to dimensional affective/interpersonal traits of psychopathy, but CSP is not closely associated with antisocial behavior, per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Crooks
- University of New Mexico, Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
| | - Nathaniel E Anderson
- The Mind Research Network (MRN) and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Matthew Widdows
- The Mind Research Network (MRN) and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Nia Petseva
- University of New Mexico, Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Michael Koenigs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Charles Pluto
- The Mind Research Network (MRN) and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kent A Kiehl
- University of New Mexico, Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, NM, United States; The Mind Research Network (MRN) and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM, United States
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11
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Ho YK, Turley M, Marc-Aurele KL, Jones MC, Housman E, Engelkemier D, Romine LE, Khanna PC, Pretorius DH. Enlarged Cavum Septi Pellucidi and Vergae in the Fetus: A Cause for Concern. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2017; 36:1657-1668. [PMID: 28417514 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.16.06081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate fetal cases identified at our institution to determine whether an enlarged cavum septi pellucidi or cavum vergae is associated with other fetal abnormalities and whether its presence warrants more detailed investigation of the fetus. METHODS In a retrospective study, 15 high- and low-risk patients undergoing prenatal sonography who had an enlarged cavum septi pellucidi or cavum vergae identified were reviewed. Data were collected for the sonographic study indication, gestation age at diagnosis of a prominent cavum, and associated anomalies. Follow-up outcome data regarding further imaging, karyotype, diagnosis of brain anomaly, and associated congenital abnormalities were obtained. RESULTS Fifteen patients met the inclusion criteria. Nine patients were identified as having a prominent cavum septi pellucidi, and 6 were identified as having a prominent cavum vergae. The mean gestational age ± SD was 22.7 ± 5.9 weeks. Eleven patients made it to delivery. Of the 15 patients, 4 were thought to have trisomy 21, and 13 had congenital anomalies. Outcomes included 10 major adverse outcomes, 4 cases with normal development or minor abnormalities, and 1 lost to follow-up. An isolated dilated cavum on prenatal sonography was seen in 5 cases: 1 with lissencephaly on a neonatal examination, 3 premature deliveries (1 demise, 1 hospice, and 1 normal), and 1 unknown. CONCLUSIONS Our cohort had many associated clinical anomalies: 3 confirmed trisomy 21 and 1 probable trisomy 21, 2 genetic disorders, and 10 major adverse outcomes, 5 of which were grave. Although we studied a small cohort, we conclude that an enlarged cavum septi pellucidi or cavum vergae warrants consideration of genetic counseling, which may include noninvasive prenatal testing (cell-free DNA), amniocentesis with microarray testing, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona K Ho
- Maternal-Fetal Care and Genetics Center, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Departments of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michelle Turley
- Maternal-Fetal Care and Genetics Center, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Marilyn C Jones
- Maternal-Fetal Care and Genetics Center, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Genetics, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Departments of Genetics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Elise Housman
- Departments of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Lorene E Romine
- Department of Radiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Dolores H Pretorius
- Maternal-Fetal Care and Genetics Center, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Departments of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
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12
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Liu H, Li L, Shen L, Wang X, Hou Y, Zhao Z, Gu L, Mao J. Cavum septum pellucidum and first-episode psychosis: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177715. [PMID: 28545119 PMCID: PMC5435239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the prevalence and changes of cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Methods Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched to identify eligible studies comparing FEP patients and healthy controls from inception to Feb 29, 2016. Results Ten cross-sectional studies and three longitudinal studies reported in ten articles met our criteria. Our meta-analysis found no significant differences in the prevalence of either “any CSP” (OR = 1.41; 95% CI 0.90–2.20; p = 0.13; I2 = 52.7%) or “large CSP” (OR = 1.10; 95% CI 0.77–1.58; p = 0.59; I2 = 24.1%) between FEP patients and healthy controls. However, the heterogeneity analysis of the prevalence of “any CSP” suggested bias in outcome reporting. Conclusions The results based on current evidence suggest it is unclear whether “any CSP” is a risk factor for FEP due to the heterogeneity of the studies. There is insufficient evidence to support that “large CSP” is a possible risk factor for FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Internal Medicine Unit, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Li
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazhu Hou
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Gu
- Department of Medical Administration, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- Internal Medicine Unit, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
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13
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Martins SS, Segura LE, Santaella-Tenorio J, Perlmutter A, Fenton MC, Cerdá M, Keyes KM, Ghandour LA, Storr CL, Hasin DS. Prescription opioid use disorder and heroin use among 12-34 year-olds in the United States from 2002 to 2014. Addict Behav 2017; 65:236-241. [PMID: 27614657 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Vassoler FM, Wright SJ, Byrnes EM. Exposure to opiates in female adolescents alters mu opiate receptor expression and increases the rewarding effects of morphine in future offspring. Neuropharmacology 2015; 103:112-21. [PMID: 26700246 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prescription opiate use and abuse has increased dramatically over the past two decades, including increased use in adolescent populations. Recently, it has been proposed that use during this critical period may affect future offspring even when use is discontinued prior to conception. Here, we utilize a rodent model to examine the effects of adolescent morphine exposure on the reward functioning of the offspring. Female Sprague Dawley rats were administered morphine for 10 days during early adolescence (post-natal day 30-39) using an escalating dosing regimen. Animals then remained drug free until adulthood at which point they were mated with naïve males. Adult offspring (F1 animals) were tested for their response to morphine-induced (0, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, s.c.) conditioned place preference (CPP) and context-independent morphine-induced sensitization. Naïve littermates were used to examine mu opiate receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area. Results indicate that F1 females whose mothers were exposed to morphine during adolescence (Mor-F1) demonstrate significantly enhanced CPP to the lowest doses of morphine compared with Sal-F1 females. There were no differences in context-independent sensitization between maternal treatment groups. Protein expression analysis showed significantly increased levels of accumbal mu opiate receptor in Mor-F1 offspring and decreased levels in the VTA. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a shift in the dose response curve with regard to the rewarding effects of morphine in Mor-F1 females which may in part be due to altered mu opiate receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens and VTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fair M Vassoler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Peabody Pavilion, 200 Westborough Road, Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
| | - Siobhan J Wright
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Peabody Pavilion, 200 Westborough Road, Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Byrnes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Peabody Pavilion, 200 Westborough Road, Grafton, MA 01536, USA
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Gardner RC, Hess CP, Brus-Ramer M, Possin KL, Cohn-Sheehy BI, Kramer JH, Berger MS, Yaffe K, Miller B, Rabinovici GD. Cavum Septum Pellucidum in Retired American Pro-Football Players. J Neurotrauma 2015; 33:157-61. [PMID: 25970145 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies report that cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is frequent among athletes with a history of repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI), such as boxers. Few studies of CSP in athletes, however, have assessed detailed features of the septum pellucidum in a case-control fashion. This is important because prevalence of CSP in the general population varies widely (2% to 85%) between studies. Further, rates of CSP among American pro-football players have not been described previously. We sought to characterize MRI features of the septum pellucidum in a series of retired pro-football players with a history of repeated concussive/subconcussive head traumas compared with controls. We retrospectively assessed retired American pro-football players presenting to our memory clinic with cognitive/behavioral symptoms in whom structural MRI was available with slice thickness ≤2 mm (n=17). Each player was matched to a memory clinic control patient with no history of TBI. Scans were interpreted by raters blinded to clinical information and TBI/football history, who measured CSP grade (0-absent, 1-equivocal, 2-mild, 3-moderate, 4-severe) and length according to a standard protocol. Sixteen of 17 (94%) players had a CSP graded ≥2 compared with 3 of 17 (18%) controls. CSP was significantly higher grade (p<0.001) and longer in players than controls (mean length±standard deviation: 10.6 mm±5.4 vs. 1.1 mm±1.3, p<0.001). Among patients presenting to a memory clinic, long high-grade CSP was more frequent in retired pro-football players compared with patients without a history of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel C Gardner
- 1 Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,2 Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center , San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher P Hess
- 3 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Marcel Brus-Ramer
- 3 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Katherine L Possin
- 1 Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Brendan I Cohn-Sheehy
- 1 Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Joel H Kramer
- 1 Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- 4 Department of Neurosurgery, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- 2 Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center , San Francisco, California.,5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,6 Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Bruce Miller
- 1 Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- 1 Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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