1
|
Castro J, Oliveira R, Fernandes L, Carvalho I, Oliveira H, Brinks E, Cho GS, Franz C, Almeida C, Silva S, Araújo D. Molecular characterization and virulence profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from ill cats and dogs in Portugal. Vet Microbiol 2024; 292:110056. [PMID: 38537400 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Klebsiella spp. are important pathogens of humans and companion animals such as cats and dogs, capable of causing severe life-threatening diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular and phenotypic properties of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from ill companion animals by whole genome sequencing, followed by in vitro assessment of biofilm formation and in vivo pathogenicity using the Galleria mellonella model. Two LPS O-types were identified for all the K. pneumoniae isolates tested (O3B and O1/O2v2) and only one for K. oxytoca isolates (OL104), and the most common STs found were ST11 and ST266. Furthermore, a high diversity of K-locus types was found for K. pneumoniae (KL102; KL105; KL31, and KL13). Within K. pneumoniae, one specific O/K/ST-types combination (i.e., KL105-ST11-O1/O2v2) showed results that were of concern, as it exhibited a high inflammatory response at 12 h post-infection in G. mellonella with 80% of the larvae dead at 72 h post-infection. This virulence potential, on the other hand, did not appear to be directly related to the biofilm-forming capacity. Also, virulence and resistance scores obtained for this set of strains did surpass score 1. The present study demonstrated that Klebsiella spp. isolated from companion animals belonging to STs that can cause human infections and present virulence on an invertebrate model. Thus, this study underscores the role of dogs and cats as reservoirs of resistant Klebsiella spp. that could potentially be transmitted to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Castro
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão 4485-655, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Oliveira
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão 4485-655, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Liliana Fernandes
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Isabel Carvalho
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Hugo Oliveira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Erik Brinks
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gyu-Sung Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Kiel, Germany
| | - Charles Franz
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Almeida
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão 4485-655, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão 4485-655, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Araújo
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão 4485-655, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee MMY, Kuan NL, Li ZY, Yeh KS. Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and pAmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from companion animals with urinary tract infections. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296709. [PMID: 38227590 PMCID: PMC10790997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined 70 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates derived from companion animals with urinary tract infections in Taiwan. Overall, 81% (57/70) of the isolates carried extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) genes. ESBL genes were detected in 19 samples, with blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9, and blaSHV being the predominant groups. pAmpC genes were detected in 56 isolates, with blaCIT and blaDHA being the predominant groups. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that sequence types (ST)11, ST15, and ST655 were prevalent. wabG, uge, entB, mrkD, and fimH were identified as primary virulence genes. Two isolates demonstrated a hypermucoviscosity phenotype in the string test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing exhibited high resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in ESBL-positive isolates but low resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and carbapenems. Isolates carrying pAmpC genes exhibited resistance to penicillin-class β-lactams. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of K. pneumoniae in the context of the concept of One Health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Min Yi Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Ling Kuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biology Division, Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tansui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yi Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kürekci C, Ünaldı Ö, Şahin S, García-Meniño I, Hammerl JA. Impact and Diversity of ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Recovered from Raw Chicken Meat Samples in Türkiye. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 13:14. [PMID: 38275324 PMCID: PMC10812783 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The interrelationship between human, animal and environmental sectors leads to the spread of antibiotic resistance due to selective pressures, evolutionary traits and genomic evolution. In particular, the frequent use of antibiotics in livestock inevitably influences the emergence of specific resistance determinants in human strains, associated with reduced treatment options in clinical therapy. In this study, ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from chicken meat samples were evaluated for public health implications in Türkiye. Whole-genome sequencing was used for genetic dissection and phylogenetic comparison of their genomes. The isolates were assigned to four MLST types (ST147, ST37, ST2747 and ST219); two of them were found to represent the ST147 clone associated with severe human infections worldwide. In addition to cephalosporins, high resistance levels to quinolones/fluoroquinolones were identified phenotypically, caused by acquired resistance genes and chromosomal point variations. One isolate was also found to carry the qacE∆1 efflux transporter gene, which confers tolerance to quaternary ammonium compounds. The detection of virulence genes (i.e., that coding for enterobactin) associated with the pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae suggests a public health impact. Thus, comprehensive information on the occurrence and impact of K. pneumoniae from livestock is needed to derive appropriate management strategies for consumer protection. In this study, it was shown that poultry meat serves as a reservoir of clinically emerging multidrug-resistant high-risk clones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Kürekci
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay 31060, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Ünaldı
- Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratories, General Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ankara 06430, Türkiye;
| | - Seyda Şahin
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58070, Türkiye;
| | - Isidro García-Meniño
- Laboratorio de Referencia de Escherichia coli (LREC), Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), 27002 Lugo, Spain;
- Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Jens Andre Hammerl
- Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Husna A, Rahman MM, Badruzzaman ATM, Sikder MH, Islam MR, Rahman MT, Alam J, Ashour HM. Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL): Challenges and Opportunities. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2937. [PMID: 38001938 PMCID: PMC10669213 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance, particularly from extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), poses a significant global health challenge as it frequently causes the failure of empirical antibiotic therapy, leading to morbidity and mortality. The E. coli- and K. pneumoniae-derived CTX-M genotype is one of the major types of ESBL. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are involved in spreading ESBL genes among the bacterial population. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of ESBL-E, there is a lack of specific standard examination methods. Carbapenem has been considered the drug of first choice against ESBL-E. However, carbapenem-sparing strategies and alternative treatment options are needed due to the emergence of carbapenem resistance. In South Asian countries, the irrational use of antibiotics might have played a significant role in aggravating the problem of ESBL-induced AMR. Superbugs showing resistance to last-resort antibiotics carbapenem and colistin have been reported in South Asian regions, indicating a future bleak picture if no urgent action is taken. To counteract the crisis, we need rapid diagnostic tools along with efficient treatment options. Detailed studies on ESBL and the implementation of the One Health approach including systematic surveillance across the public and animal health sectors are strongly recommended. This review provides an overview of the background, associated risk factors, transmission, and therapy of ESBL with a focus on the current situation and future threat in the developing countries of the South Asian region and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaul Husna
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town 350, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Md. Masudur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - A. T. M. Badruzzaman
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town 350, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Livestock Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Jahangir Alam
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam M. Ashour
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cocco A, Alessiani A, Salini R, Iapaolo F, Averaimo D, Pompilii C, Foschi G, Bellucci F, Iannino F, Dalla Villa P, Janowicz A, Caporale M. Detection of Potential Zoonotic Agents Isolated in Italian Shelters and the Assessment of Animal Welfare Correlation with Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050863. [PMID: 37237766 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Welfare conditions in shelters, where dogs might be housed for a long period of time, may have a possible correlation with the occurrence of bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this study, we assessed the occurrence of AMR in 54 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from dogs housed in 15 Italian shelters and we correlated the resistance patterns to animal welfare. We also aimed to evaluate the presence of specific pathogens with zoonotic potential in sheltered dogs. Thus, nasopharyngeal, rectal, and oral swabs were collected from a group of 20 dogs in each shelter and totaled 758 swabs. We identified 9 Staphylococcus pseudointermedius, 1 Pasteurella multocida, 9 Staphylococcus aureus, 12 Campylobacter spp., 54 Escherichia coli, 2 Salmonella enterica, and 246 Capnocytophaga spp. The antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed for the E. coli isolates using a panel of 14 antibiotics. The highest level of relative AMR was recorded for ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole. The association found between AMR and the levels of animal welfare scores in shelters was evident although not statistically significant. These results support the hypothesis that the good management of shelters can increase the level of animal welfare, thus reducing the use of antibiotics and, as a consequence, the AMR occurrence found in dogs that share their domestic environment with humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cocco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alessiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Romolo Salini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Iapaolo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Daniela Averaimo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Cinzia Pompilii
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Foschi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Fabio Bellucci
- Ministero della Salute, Direzione Generale della Sanità e dei Farmaci Veterinari, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - Filomena Iannino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Dalla Villa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Anna Janowicz
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Marco Caporale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e Molise "G. Caporale", 64100 Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Araújo D, Castro J, Matos F, Oliveira R, Ramos C, Almeida C, Silva S. Exploring the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from clinically ill companion animals from North of Portugal. Res Vet Sci 2023; 159:183-188. [PMID: 37148737 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella spp. is an important pathogen in humans and animals and due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, its prevalence and antibiotic resistance has increased in companion animals. The main goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella spp. isolated from clinically ill cats and dogs admitted in veterinary clinics in the North of Portugal. A total of 255 clinical specimens were collected and, after isolation, the identification of Klebsiella strains was performed using the BBL Crystal™ identification system and confirmed by PCR-based sequencing with specific primers. Antibiotic resistance profile was determined through the disc diffusion method. Beta-lactam resistance genes were screened through a multiplex PCR assay. Fifty Klebsiella strains were isolated and, 39 were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and 11 as Klebsiella oxytoca. Thirty-one were recovered from dogs and 19 from cats. The Klebsiella isolates were recovered mainly from skin wounds, respiratory tract, and from urine. Fifty percent of K. oxytoca and K. pneumoniae isolates revealed to be Multidrug Resistant (MDR) strains, with most of them positive for the presence of blaTEM-like and blaSHV genes. This data shows that MDR Klebsiella are highly disseminated in companion animals and that extended-spectrum beta-lactamases can be easily found among these isolates. This highlights the potential role of dogs and cats as a reservoir of resistant Klebsiella spp. that have the potential to be transmitted to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Araújo
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Portugal
| | - J Castro
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - F Matos
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Portugal
| | - R Oliveira
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Ramos
- Clínica Veterinária das Glicínias - Vets On The Road, Rua Dr. Edgardo Sá Malheiro 175, 4705-267 Braga, Portugal
| | - C Almeida
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - S Silva
- INIAV, IP - National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research, Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vairão, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Choi JH, Ali MS, Moon BY, Kang HY, Kim SJ, Song HJ, Mechesso AF, Moon DC, Lim SK. Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Cats in South Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040745. [PMID: 37107106 PMCID: PMC10135382 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overall, 836 Escherichia coli isolates (695 isolates from dogs and 141 from cats) were recovered from the diarrhea, skin/ear, urine, and genitals of dogs and cats between 2018 and 2019. Cefovecin and enrofloxacin resistance were noted in 17.1% and 21.2% of E. coli isolates, respectively. The cefovecin and enrofloxacin resistance rates were higher in dog isolates (18.1% and 22.9%) compared with the rates in cat isolates (12.1%, 12.8%). Interestingly, resistance to both antimicrobials was noted in 10.8% (90/836) of the isolates, predominantly in isolates from dogs. blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, and blaCMY-2 were the most frequent extended-spectrum β-lactamase/plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (ESBL/AmpC)- gene types. The co-existence of blaCTX-M andblaCMY-2 was noted in six E. coli isolates from dogs. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that S83L and D87N in gyrA and S80I in parC were the most frequent point mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the cefovecin and enrofloxacin-resistant isolates. A total of 11 isolates from dogs carried the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (six aac(6')-Ib-cr, four qnrS, and one qnrB), while only two cat isolates carried the qnrS gene. Multilocus sequence typing of the cefovecin and enrofloxacin-resistant isolates revealed that sequence type (ST)131 E. coli carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaCTX-M-15 genes and ST405 E. coli carrying blaCMY-2 gene were predominant among the isolated E. coli strains. The majority of the ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates displayed diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. This study demonstrated that third-generation cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli were widely distributed in companion animals. The detection of the pandemic ST131 clone carrying blaCTX-M-14/15 in companion animals presented a public health threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Choi
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Sekendar Ali
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Youn Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Song
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Dong-Chan Moon
- Division of Antimicrobial Resistance Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Li D, Liang Y, Cui J, He K, He D, Liu J, Hu G, Yuan L. Characterization of a Tigecycline-Resistant and blaCTX-M-Bearing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain from a Peacock in a Chinese Zoo. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0176422. [PMID: 36809063 PMCID: PMC10057878 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01764-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In Chinese zoos, there are usually specially designed bird parks, similar to petting zoos, that allow children and adults to interact with diverse birds. However, such behaviors present a risk for the transmission of zoonotic pathogens. Recently, we isolated eight strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and identified two blaCTX-M-positive strains from 110 birds, including parrots, peacocks, and ostriches, using anal or nasal swabs in a bird park of a zoo in China. There, K. pneumoniae LYS105A was obtained from a diseased peacock with chronic respiratory diseases by a nasal swab, which harbored the blaCTX-M-3 gene and exhibited resistance to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tigecycline, florfenicol, and enrofloxacin. According to an analysis by whole-genome sequencing, K. pneumoniae LYS105A belongs to serotype ST859 (sequence type 859)-K19 (capsular serotype 19) and contains two plasmids, of which pLYS105A-2 can be transferred by electrotransformation and harbors numerous resistance genes such as blaCTX-M-3, aac(6')-Ib-cr5, and qnrB91. The above-mentioned genes are located in a novel mobile composite transposon, Tn7131, which makes horizontal transfer more flexible. Although no known genes were identified in the chromosome, a significant increase in SoxS upregulated the expression levels of phoPQ, acrEF-tolC, and oqxAB, which contributed to strain LYS105A acquiring resistance to tigecycline (MIC = 4 mg/L) and intermediate resistance to colistin (MIC = 2 mg/L). Altogether, our findings show that bird parks in zoos may act as important vehicles for the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria from birds to humans and vice versa. IMPORTANCE A multidrug-resistant ST859-K19 K. pneumoniae strain, LYS105A, was obtained from a diseased peacock in a Chinese zoo. In addition, multiple resistance genes such as blaCTX-M-3, aac(6')-Ib-cr5, and qnrB91 were located in a novel composite transposon, Tn7131, of a mobile plasmid, implying that most of the resistance genes in strain LYS105A can be moved easily via horizontal gene transfer. Meanwhile, an increase in SoxS can further positively regulate the expression of phoPQ, acrEF-tolC, and oqxAB, which is the key factor for strain LYS105A to develop resistance to tigecycline and colistin. Taken together, these findings enrich our understanding of the horizontal cross-species spread of drug resistance genes, which will help us curb the development of bacterial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinshu Li
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Yulei Liang
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junling Cui
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun He
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dandan He
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gongzheng Hu
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Evaluation of Phenotypic Tests to Detect Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Klebsiella oxytoca Complex Strains. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0170622. [PMID: 36912648 PMCID: PMC10117083 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01706-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella oxytoca complex (KoC) species may overproduce their chromosomal class A OXY β-lactamases, conferring reduced susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam, expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. Moreover, since clavulanate maintains its ability to inhibit these enzymes, the resulting resistance phenotype may falsely resemble the production of acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). In this work, a collection of 44 KoC strains of human and animal origin was characterized with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and broth microdilution (BMD) susceptibility testing. Comparison of ESBL producers (n = 11; including CTX-M-15 [n = 6] and CTX-M-1 [n = 5] producers) and hyperproducers of OXYs (n = 21) showed certain phenotypic differences: piperacillin-tazobactam (MIC90s: 16 versus >64 μg/mL), cefotaxime (MIC90s: 64 versus 4 μg/mL), ceftazidime (MIC90s: 32 versus 4 μg/mL), cefepime (MIC90s: 8 versus 4 μg/mL) and associated resistance to non-β-lactams (e.g., trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: 90.9% versus 14.3%, respectively). However, a clear phenotype-based distinction between the two groups was difficult. Therefore, we evaluated 10 different inhibitor-based confirmatory tests to allow such categorization. All tests showed a sensitivity of 100%. However, only combination disk tests (CDTs) with cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate and ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate or the double-disk synergy test (DDST) showed high specificity (100%, 95.5%, and 100%, respectively). All confirmatory tests in BMD or using the MIC gradient strip did not perform well (specificity, ≤87.5%). Of note, ceftazidime/ceftazidime-avibactam tests also exhibited low specificity (CDT, 87.5%; MIC gradient strip, 77.8%). Our results indicate that standard antimicrobial susceptibility profiles can raise some suspicion, but only the use of cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate CDT or DDST can guarantee distinction between ESBL-producing KoC strains and those hyperproducing OXY enzymes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Weese JS, O’Brien T, Bateman S. Fecal shedding of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in cats admitted to an animal shelter. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:1301-1304. [PMID: 35133182 PMCID: PMC10812345 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221075602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate shedding of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in cats admitted to an animal shelter. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from cats admitted to an animal shelter between 12 June and 23 August 2018. Selective enrichment culture for ESBL-producing bacteria was performed and isolates were speciated and tested for selected ESBL genes using PCR. RESULTS ESBL-producing Enterobacterales were identified in fecal samples from 2/87 (2.3%; 95% confidence interval 0.6-8.0) cats. One isolate was an Escherichia coli that possessed blaCTX-M-1, blaCMY-2 and blaTEM genes. The other was Enterobacter cloacae possessing blaCTX-M-1 and blaCMY-2. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE While the study sample size and prevalence rate for ESBL-producing bacteria were low, these data document that cats admitted to similar shelters could harbor these agents. The risk posed by ESBL-producing bacterium shedding in cats, both to cats and other species, is currently unclear. However, these findings support the need for more investigation of interspecies transmission of ESBL-producing bacteria and ESBL genes, as well as the importance of antimicrobial stewardship and routine infection control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Scott Weese
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler O’Brien
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Shane Bateman
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ochoa AM, García MI, Cienfuegos A, Vásquez-Jaramillo L. Isolation of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing extended spectrum β-lactamases from dog urine of the Metropolitan Area of the Aburrá Valley Antioquia-Colombia. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y DE ZOOTECNIA 2022. [DOI: 10.15446/rfmvz.v69n3.103805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens causing urinary tract infections in humans and animals. Close contact between humans and companion animals can facilitate the spread of multidrugresistant pathogens between both species. Objective: To characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) -producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections in the metropolitan area of Valle del Aburrá (Antioquia, Colombia). Methods: Three-hundred seventy-one urine samples collected from March 2018 to March 2019 in a veterinary clinical laboratory were analyzed. E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were detected in chromogenic agar and identified by biochemical tests. Susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion and ESBL production was evaluated by the double disk test in all isolates. MIC determination of ESBL-positive isolates were performed on the automated VITEK®2 system. Multiple PCR was used for the detection of CTX-M beta-lactamases (group 1, 2, 9 and 8/25), SHV, TEM and AmpC of plasmid origin in ESBL-positive isolates. Results: In total 22 out 371 isolates were positive for ESBL production by double disc test, 11 E. coli (ESBL-Ec) and 11 K. pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp). The multiple PCR detected CTX-M group 1 in the 22 ESBL-positive isolates. Multi-drug resistance was observed in all ESBL-producing isolates Conclusions: A high frequency of antibiotic multi-resistance was found in ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp. The main ESBL detected was CTX-M group 1, which also prevails in human isolates.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gargano V, Gambino D, Orefice T, Cirincione R, Castelli G, Bruno F, Interrante P, Pizzo M, Spada E, Proverbio D, Vicari D, Salgado-Caxito M, Benavides JA, Cassata G. Can Stray Cats Be Reservoirs of Antimicrobial Resistance? Vet Sci 2022; 9:631. [PMID: 36423080 PMCID: PMC9696934 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem that requires a One Health approach. Despite several studies have reported the role of companion animals as reservoirs of AMR, limited information is available regarding the role of cats in the circulation of AMR. In this study, we evaluated the phenotypic and genotypic profile of 75 Escherichia coli isolated from rectal swabs and fecal samples of 75 stray cats (living in solitary or in a colony) sampled in Palermo (Sicily, Italy), to determine whether these animals may participate in the spread of AMR. Susceptibility to 8 antibiotics was tested using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration assays, while the presence of the common antibiotic resistance genes blaTEM, blaCTX-M, tet(A), and tet(B) was investigated by PCR. From the 75 E. coli isolates analyzed, 43% were resistant to at least one of the eight antibiotics tested, with 31% of the isolates resistant to ampicillin, 23% to cefotaxime, 21% to tetracycline, 20% to cefazolin, and 17% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Most isolates harbored the blaTEM gene (29%), followed by blaCTX-M (23%), tet(A) (21%), and tet(B) (20%). Our results confirm the fecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and clinically relevant resistance genes in stray cats. This study highlights the potential role of stray cats in the spread of AMR in urban environments, emphasising the need to better understand their role in AMR circulation when planning strategies to combat it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gargano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Delia Gambino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Orefice
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Cirincione
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Germano Castelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Bruno
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Interrante
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariangela Pizzo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Eva Spada
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Daniela Proverbio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Domenico Vicari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marília Salgado-Caxito
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Julio A. Benavides
- Centro Para la Investigación de la Sustentabilidad y Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Osińska M, Nowakiewicz A, Zięba P, Gnat S, Łagowski D, Trościańczyk A. A rich mosaic of resistance in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Poland as a potential effect of increasing synanthropization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151834. [PMID: 34808162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In our research, we analyzed the resistance of cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains to antimicrobial agents. The strains were collected during five years from wild animal species commonly inhabiting Poland. We have identified the type of β-lactamases produced and the multidrug-resistance profile. Most strains (73.8%) had genes encoding ESBL enzymes, mainly CTX-M-1 and TEM. Almost all AmpC-β-lactamase-producing isolates had the blaCMY-2 gene. Almost 70% of the strains tested showed a multi-drug resistance profile. The dominant phenotype was resistance to tetracycline (69.05%), and/or sulfamethoxazole (57.1%). We also found high resistance to quinolones: ciprofloxacin 35.7% and nalidixic acid 52.4%. The phenotypic resistance of the strains was in most cases confirmed by the presence of corresponding genes. Among strains, 26.2% were carriers of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR). MLST analysis revealed a large clonal variation of the strains, which was reflected in 28 different sequence types. More than half of the strains (54.7%) were classified into the following sequence complexes: 10, 23, 69, 101, 155, 156, 168, 354, 398, 446, and 648. Only one strain in the studied group was assigned to the ExPEC pathotype and represented sequence type 117. The results of our research have confirmed that isolates obtained from wild animals possess many resistance determinants and sequence types, which are also found in food-producing animals and humans. This reflects the doctrine of "One health", which clearly indicates that human health is inextricably linked with animal health as well as degree of environmental contamination. We conclude that the resistance and virulence profiles of strains isolated from wildlife animals may be a resultant of various sources encountered by animals, creating a rich and varied mosaic of genes, which is very often unpredictable and not reflected in the correlation between the sequence type and the gene profile of resistance or virulence observed in epidemic clones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Osińska
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aneta Nowakiewicz
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Zięba
- State Veterinary Laboratory, Droga Męczenników Majdanka 50, 20-325 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Gnat
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dominik Łagowski
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Trościańczyk
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ghenea AE, Zlatian OM, Cristea OM, Ungureanu A, Mititelu RR, Balasoiu AT, Vasile CM, Salan AI, Iliuta D, Popescu M, Udriștoiu AL, Balasoiu M. TEM,CTX-M,SHV Genes in ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Clinical Samples in a County Clinical Emergency Hospital Romania-Predominance of CTX-M-15. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040503. [PMID: 35453254 PMCID: PMC9028254 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: CTX-M betalactamases have shown a rapid spread in the recent years among Enterobacteriaceae and have become the most prevalent Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) in many parts of the world. The introduction and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant genes limits options for treatment, increases mortality and morbidity in patients, and leads to longer hospitalization and expensive costs. We aimed to identify the beta-lactamases circulating encoded by the genes blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-1 and blaTEM-1 in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) strains. Furthermore, we established the associated resistance phenotypes among patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) from County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, Romania. Methods: A total of 46 non-duplicated bacterial strains (14 strains of E. coli and 32 strains of K. pneumoniae), which were resistant to ceftazidime (CAZ) and cefotaxime (CTX) by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method, were identified using the automated VITEK2 system. Detection of ESBL-encoding genes and other resistance genes was carried out by PCR. Results. E. coli strains were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins and moderately resistant to quinolones, whereas K. pneumoniae strains were resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and sulfamides, and moderately resistant to quinolones and carbapenems. Most E. coli strains harbored blaCTX-M-15 gene (13/14 strains), a single strain had the blaSHV-1 gene, but 11 strains harbored blaTEM-1 gene. The mcr-1 gene was not detected. We detected tet(A) gene in six strains and tet(B) in one strain. In K. pneumoniae strains we detected blaCTX-M-15 in 23 strains, blaSHV-1 in all strains and blaTEM-1 in 14 strains. The colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was not detected. The tetracycline gene tet(A) was detected in 11 strains, but the gene tet(B) was not detected in any strains. Conclusions. The development in antibiotic resistance highlights the importance of establishing policies to reduce antibiotic use and improving the national resistance surveillance system in order to create local antibiotic therapy guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Elena Ghenea
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.E.G.); (O.M.Z.); (A.U.); (R.R.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Ovidiu Mircea Zlatian
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.E.G.); (O.M.Z.); (A.U.); (R.R.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Oana Mariana Cristea
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.E.G.); (O.M.Z.); (A.U.); (R.R.M.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (O.M.C.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Anca Ungureanu
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.E.G.); (O.M.Z.); (A.U.); (R.R.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Radu Razvan Mititelu
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.E.G.); (O.M.Z.); (A.U.); (R.R.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Andrei Theodor Balasoiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Corina Maria Vasile
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Correspondence: (O.M.C.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Alex-Ioan Salan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Daniel Iliuta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Popescu
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Anca-Loredana Udriștoiu
- Faculty of Automation, Computers and Electronics, University of Craiova, 200776 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Maria Balasoiu
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.E.G.); (O.M.Z.); (A.U.); (R.R.M.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Z, Zhang L, Dai H, Zhang H, Song Y, An Q, Wang J, Xia Z. Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex From Clinical Dogs and Cats in China: Molecular Characteristics, Phylogroups, and Hypervirulence-Associated Determinants. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:816415. [PMID: 35359688 PMCID: PMC8960377 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.816415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae complex is an increasingly important bacterial pathogen that is capable of causing severe organs and life-threatening disease. This study aimed to investigate the multidrug resistance, phylogroups, molecular characterization, and hypervirulence-associated determinants of the complex, which were isolated from clinical diseased dogs and cats. A total of 35 K. pneumoniae complex (2.3%; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–3.2) isolates were identified from 1,500 samples, all of which were collected randomly from veterinary hospitals in the 12 regions across China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that isolates were extremely resistant to amoxicillin–clavulanate (82.9%) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (77.1%). The rate of multidrug-resistant reached an astonishing 82.9% and found a carbapenemase-producing strain carrying IncX3-blaNDM−5 derived a cat from Zhejiang. The prevalence rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene blaCTX−M and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene aac(6')Ib-cr were 51.4% and 45.7%, respectively. The resistance gene aph(3')-Ia of isolates from cats was more significantly (p < 0.05) prevalent than that from dogs. Likewise, K. pneumoniae complex harbored hypervirulence-associated genes ybt (11.4%), iuc (5.7%), and iroB (2.9%). Three (8.6%) of the 35 isolates were determined as hypermucoviscous by the string test. Lipopolysaccharide serotype O1v2 had the highest percentage of 25.7%, but capsular serotypes presented diversity distribution among the isolates. The core–genome phylogenetic tree demonstrated most of the isolates belonged to the KpI phylogroup (91.4%). Multilocus sequence typing analysis identified 25 different STs; ST15 and ST37 were the most abundant accounting for isolates, followed by ST307, ST656, ST1408, and ST4566. In addition, the prevalence of IncFIB-type plasmid for cat isolates was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that for dogs. Sequences of IncX3 in blaNDM−5-positive strain contained regions showing >99% nucleotide sequence identity to the reference plasmid pNDM-MGR194 from the human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbiao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Hegen Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzhong Wang ;
| | - Zhaofei Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Zhaofei Xia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Garcia-Fierro R, Drapeau A, Dazas M, Saras E, Rodrigues C, Brisse S, Madec JY, Haenni M. Comparative phylogenomics of ESBL-, AmpC- and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae originating from companion animals and humans. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:1263-1271. [PMID: 35224624 PMCID: PMC9047677 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background WHO considers ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae a major global concern. In animals, ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae of human-related ST11, ST15 and ST307 have been reported, but not in the context of large WGS-based One Health investigations. Objectives To perform comparative phylogenomics on a large collection of multidrug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae recovered from diseased companion animals and humans. Methods MDR K. pneumoniae (n = 105) recovered from companion animals in France during 2010–18 were phenotypically characterized. All isolates were whole-genome sequenced using the NovaSeq technology and phylogenomic analysis across animal and human K. pneumoniae was performed using appropriate pipelines. Results blaCTX-M-15, blaDHA-1 and blaOXA-48 were strongly associated with IncFIIk, IncR and IncL plasmids, respectively. When compared with human K. pneumoniae genomes, four groups of closely related French human and animal isolates belonging to ST11, ST15 and ST307 were detected, suggesting the circulation of clones between the human and animal sectors at country level. A large cluster of 31 ST11-KL105 animal isolates from France and Switzerland suggested it corresponds to a sub-lineage that is particularly well-adapted to the animal host. Conclusions This study demonstrates the spread of blaCTX-M-15-carrying ST15 and ST307, and blaDHA-1-carrying ST11 K. pneumoniae clones in animal populations. ST11 was the main vector of blaOXA-48/IncL, despite the absence of carbapenem use in French animals. Comparative phylogenomics suggests cross-transmission of K. pneumoniae sub-lineages more prone than others to colonize/infect the animal host. Our data also evidenced the emergence of convergent hypervirulent and MDR K. pneumoniae in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Garcia-Fierro
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Drapeau
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES, Lyon, France
| | - Melody Dazas
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES, Lyon, France
| | - Estelle Saras
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES, Lyon, France
| | - Carla Rodrigues
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES, Lyon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - ANSES, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Phetburom N, Boueroy P, Chopjitt P, Hatrongjit R, Nuanualsuwan S, Kerdsin A. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of β-lactamase and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from slaughtered pigs in Thailand. Vet World 2022; 15:309-315. [PMID: 35400952 PMCID: PMC8980382 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.309-315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Over recent years, antimicrobial-resistant Klebsiella species in humans, animals, food animals, food products, and agricultural environments have been the center of attention due to its role in the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. The emergence of resistance to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins of third and higher generations in Klebsiella oxytoca has not received much attention in animal husbandry compared to that in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Reports on K. oxytoca are limited in the study area. Therefore, we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance genes in K. oxytoca isolated from slaughtered pigs in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Microbiological examination was conducted on 384 Klebsiella spp. isolates recovered from slaughtered pigs in ten provinces of Thailand. Seventy-two K. oxytoca isolates (18.75%) were examined for antimicrobial-resistant genes (β-lactamase [blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV]) and fluoroquinolone-resistant genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, oqxAB, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, and qepA). Results: The most common genotype was blaCTX-M (58/72, 80.55%), followed by blaTEM with blaCTX-M (7/72, 9.72%) and blaTEM (6/72, 8.33%). The most common blaCTX-M group was blaCTX-M-1 (19/58, 32.76%), followed by blaCTX-M-9 (1/58, 1.72%). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were identified in 13 (18.05%) isolates: qnrS (16.70%) and qnrB (1.4%). All 13 isolates had qnrS transferable to an Escherichia coli recipient, whereas qnrB was not detected in any transconjugants. Either blaCTX-M or blaTEM harbored by one K. oxytoca strain was transferable to an E. coli recipient. Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility revealed that more than 90% of the blaCTX-M-carrying K. oxytoca isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin–tazobactam, and fosfomycin. All K. oxytoca isolates (13) harboring qnr were susceptible to carbapenem and ceftriaxone; however, 43 (74.13%) of the K. oxytoca isolates harboring blaCTX-M exhibited extended-spectrum β-lactamase activity. Most of the K. oxytoca isolates from pigs were highly resistant to ampicillin, azithromycin, and gentamicin. Conclusion: To prevent further transmission of Klebsiella spp. Between food animals and humans, strict control of antibiotic use in clinical and livestock settings is necessary along with routine disinfection of the livestock environment and efforts to increase awareness of antimicrobial resistance transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nattamol Phetburom
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Parichart Boueroy
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Peechanika Chopjitt
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Rujirat Hatrongjit
- Department of General Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Suphachai Nuanualsuwan
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kerdsin
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cardoso B, Esposito F, Fontana H, Fuga B, Moura Q, Sano E, Sato MIZ, Brandão CJ, Oliveira FA, Levy CE, Lincopan N. Genomic analysis of a Kpi (pilus system)-positive and CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae belonging to the high-risk clone ST15 isolated from an impacted river in Brazil. Genomics 2021; 114:378-383. [PMID: 34923088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Convergence of resistance and virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae is a critical public health issue worldwide. A multidrug-resistant CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae (TIES-4900 strain) was isolated from a highly impacted urban river, in Brazil. The genome was sequenced by MiSeq Illumina platform and de novo assembled using Unicycler. In silico prediction was accomplished by bioinformatics tools. The size of the genome is 5.4 Mb with 5145 protein-coding genes. TIES-4900 strain belonged to the sequence type ST15, yersiniabactin sequence type YbST10, ICEKp4, KL24 (wzi-24) and O1v1 locus. Phylogenomics confirmed genomic relatedness with ST15 clones from human and animal hosts. Convergence of broad resistome (antibiotics, heavy-metals and biocides) and virulome, including the Kpi pilus system involved in host-pathogen interaction and persistence of ST15 clone to hospital environments, were predicted. Virulent behavior was confirmed in the Galleria mellonella infection model. This study may give genomic insights on the spread of critical-priority WHO pathogens beyond hospital settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cardoso
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), Brazil
| | - Fernanda Esposito
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herrison Fontana
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elder Sano
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), Brazil
| | - Maria I Z Sato
- Environmental Company of São Paulo State (CETESB), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos J Brandão
- Environmental Company of São Paulo State (CETESB), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos E Levy
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Klebsiella oxytoca Complex: Update on Taxonomy, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 35:e0000621. [PMID: 34851134 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00006-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella oxytoca is actually a complex of nine species-Klebsiella grimontii, Klebsiella huaxiensis, Klebsiella michiganensis, K. oxytoca, Klebsiella pasteurii, Klebsiella spallanzanii, and three unnamed novel species. Phenotypic tests can assign isolates to the complex, but precise species identification requires genome-based analysis. The K. oxytoca complex is a human commensal but also an opportunistic pathogen causing various infections, such as antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC), urinary tract infection, and bacteremia, and has caused outbreaks. Production of the cytotoxins tilivalline and tilimycin lead to AAHC, while many virulence factors seen in Klebsiella pneumoniae, such as capsular polysaccharides and fimbriae, have been found in the complex; however, their association with pathogenicity remains unclear. Among the 5,724 K. oxytoca clinical isolates in the SENTRY surveillance system, the rates of nonsusceptibility to carbapenems, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, colistin, and tigecycline were 1.8%, 12.5%, 7.1%, 0.8%, and 0.1%, respectively. Resistance to carbapenems is increasing alarmingly. In addition to the intrinsic blaOXY, many genes encoding β-lactamases with varying spectra of hydrolysis, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases, such as a few CTX-M variants and several TEM and SHV variants, have been found. blaKPC-2 is the most common carbapenemase gene found in the complex and is mainly seen on IncN or IncF plasmids. Due to the ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance and the carriage of multiple virulence genes, the K. oxytoca complex has the potential to become a major threat to human health.
Collapse
|
20
|
Clemente L, Leão C, Moura L, Albuquerque T, Amaro A. Prevalence and Characterization of ESBL/AmpC Producing Escherichia coli from Fresh Meat in Portugal. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111333. [PMID: 34827270 PMCID: PMC8615096 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to characterize the extended-spectrum β-lactamases and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (ESBL/PMAβ) among Escherichia coli producers isolated from beef, pork, and poultry meat collected at retail, in Portugal. A total of 638 meat samples were collected and inoculated on selective medium for the search of E. coli resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins. Isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular assays targeting ESBL/AmpC, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR), and plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (PMCR) encoding genes. The highest frequency of E. coli non-wild type to 3rd generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was observed in broiler meat (30.3% and 93.3%, respectively). Overall, a diversity of acquired resistance mechanisms, were detected: blaESBL [blaCTX-M-1 (n = 19), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-32 (n = 12), blaCTX-M-55 (n = 8), blaCTX-M-65 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-27 (n = 2), blaCTX-M-9 (n = 1), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 11), blaSHV-12 (n = 27), blaTEM-52 (n = 1)], blaPMAβ [blaCMY-2 (n = 8)], PMQR [qnrB (n = 27), qnrS (n = 21) and aac(6')-Ib-type (n = 4)] and PMCR [mcr-1 (n = 8)]. Our study highlights that consumers may be exposed through the food chain to multidrug-resistant E. coli carrying diverse plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance genes, posing a great hazard to food safety and a public health risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lurdes Clemente
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Reference Laboratory of Animal Health, INIAV—National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (C.L.); (L.M.); (T.A.); (A.A.)
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Célia Leão
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Reference Laboratory of Animal Health, INIAV—National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (C.L.); (L.M.); (T.A.); (A.A.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Laura Moura
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Reference Laboratory of Animal Health, INIAV—National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (C.L.); (L.M.); (T.A.); (A.A.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy Science, University of Lisbon, FFUL, 1649-019 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Reference Laboratory of Animal Health, INIAV—National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (C.L.); (L.M.); (T.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ana Amaro
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, National Reference Laboratory of Animal Health, INIAV—National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; (C.L.); (L.M.); (T.A.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Characterization of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Clinical Samples in a Northern Portuguese Hospital: Predominance of CTX-M-15 and High Genetic Diversity. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091914. [PMID: 34576808 PMCID: PMC8467980 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Enterobacteriaceae are major players in the spread of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics through the action of CTX-M β-lactamases. We aimed to analyze the diversity and genetic characteristics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from patients in a Northern Portuguese hospital. Methods: A total of 62 cefotaxime/ceftazidime-resistant E. coli (n = 38) and K. pneumoniae (n = 24) clinical isolates were studied. Identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 13 antibiotics was performed. Detection of ESBL-encoding genes and other resistance genes, phylogenetic grouping, and molecular typing (for selected isolates) was carried out by PCR/sequencing. Results: ESBL activity was detected in all 62 E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. Most of the ESBL-producing E. coli isolates carried a blaCTX-M gene (37/38 isolates), being blaCTX-M-15 predominant (n = 32), although blaCTX-M-27 (n = 1) and blaCTX-M-1 (n = 1) were also detected. Two E. coli isolates carried the blaKPC2/3 gene. The lineages ST131-B2 and ST410-A were detected among the ESBL-producing blood E. coli isolates. Regarding the 24 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, 18 carried a blaCTX-M gene (blaCTX-M-15, 16 isolates; blaCTX-M-55, 2 isolates). All K. pneumoniae isolates carried blaSHV genes, including ESBL-variants (blaSHV-12 and blaSHV-27, 14 isolates) or non-ESBL-variants (blaSHV-11 and blaSHV-28, 10 isolates); ten K. pneumoniae isolates also carried the blaKPC2/3 gene and showed imipenem-resistance. ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were ascribed to the B2 phylogenetic group (82%), mostly associated with ST131 lineage and, at a lower rate, to ST410/A. Regarding K. pneumoniae, the three international lineages ST15, ST147, and ST280 were detected among selected isolates. Conclusions: Different ESBL variants of CTX-M (especially CTX-M-15) and SHV-type (specially SHV-12) were detected among CTX/CAZRE. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, in occasions associated with carbapenemase genes (blaKPC2/3 gene).
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee D, Oh JY, Sum S, Park HM. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella species isolated from clinically ill companion animals. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e17. [PMID: 33774933 PMCID: PMC8007443 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Klebsiella spp. is an important conditional pathogen in humans and animals. However, due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, the incidence of antimicrobial resistance has increased. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance in strains of Klebsiella strains and the phylogenetic relatedness of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistance among Klebsiella strains isolated from clinically ill companion animals. Methods A total of 336 clinical specimens were collected from animal hospitals. Identification of Klebsiella species, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations, detection of ESC resistance genes, polymerase chain reaction-based replicon typing of plasmids by conjugation, and multilocus sequence typing were performed. Results Forty-three Klebsiella strains were isolated and, subsequently, 28 were identified as K. pneumoniae, 11 as K. oxytoca, and 4 as K. aerogenes. Eleven strains were isolated from feces, followed by 10 from ear, 7 from the nasal cavity, 6 from urine, 5 from genitals, and 4 from skin. Klebsiella isolates showed more than 40% resistance to penicillin, cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone, and aminoglycoside. ESCresistance genes, CTX-M groups (CTX-M-3, CTX-M-15, and CTX-M-65), and AmpC (CMY-2 and DHA-1) were most common in the K. pneumoniae strains. Some K. pneumoniae carrying CTX-M or AmpC were transferred via IncFII plasmids. Two sequence types, ST709 and ST307, from K. pneumoniae were most common. Conclusions In conclusion, this is the first report on the prevalence, ESCresistance genotypes, and sequence types of Klebsiella strains isolated from clinically ill companion animals. The combination of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance by Klebsiella in companion animals suggest that, in clinical veterinary, antibiotic selection should be made carefully and in conjunction with the disease diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lee
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jae Young Oh
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Samuth Sum
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hee Myung Park
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xiong Y, Zhang C, Gao W, Ma Y, Zhang Q, Han Y, Jiang S, Zhao Z, Wang J, Chen Y. Genetic diversity and co-prevalence of ESBLs and PMQR genes among plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates causing urinary tract infection. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:397-406. [PMID: 33658638 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00413-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that frequently causes nosocomial urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, in acquired AmpC (ac-AmpC) β‑lactamase‑producing K. pneumoniae isolates from patients with nosocomial UTI and to characterize the transmissibility of plasmids harbouring multiple resistance genes. From January 2017 to June 2018, we collected 46 ac-AmpC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates causing UTI from a tertiary care hospital in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility assays showed that non-susceptibility of all isolates to third-generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone was very high (>80%). Diverse types of ESBLs and PMQR genes, including blaSHV-12 (n = 23), blaSHV-27 (n = 1), blaSHV-28 (n = 2), blaSHV-33 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-3 (n = 24), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-22 (n = 1) and blaOXA-10 (n = 26), as well as qnrA (n = 2), qnrB (n = 39) and qnrS (n = 2) genes were identified amongst AmpC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates. The blaAmpC, qnrB and several ESBLs genes from six strains harbouring multiple AmpC (at least two ampC) were co-transferrable to recipients via conjugation or electroporation, with IncFIA, IncFIB and IncA/C being the dominant replicons. Conserved genetic context associated with the mobilization of blaampC genes was detected. Forty-six isolates were categorized into 25 enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) types, and the 6 isolates harbouring multiple AmpC genes belonged to ST1 lineage. This work reports that the emergence of plasmids co-harbouring multiple resistance determinants and mediating the local prevalence in K. pneumoniae causing UTI in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Xiong
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenting Gao
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuqiao Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shiyu Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zinan Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shin SR, Noh SM, Jung WK, Shin S, Park YK, Moon DC, Lim SK, Park YH, Park KT. Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Companion Animals in Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10030249. [PMID: 33802246 PMCID: PMC8001212 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is of great concern in both human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate ESC-resistant bacterial isolates from companion animals in South Korea between 2017 and 2019. Isolates with ESC resistance genes, which were identified by PCR, were assessed for genetic relatedness by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In total, 91 ESC-resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Serratia spp., and Enterobacter cloacae isolates harbored the blaTEM gene. Among other ESC resistance genes, blaCTX-M-15, blaCIT, and blaCTX-M-55 were predominantly detected in E. coli isolates, whereas blaSHV and blaDHA were more frequently detected in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. In addition, all blaEBC-positive isolates were classified as E. cloacae. From the MLST results, blaCTX-M-9-carrying ST131, blaCIT-carrying ST405, and blaCTX-M-1-carrying ST3285 strains were dominant among E. coli isolates. ST273 and ST275 strains harboring blaSHV were frequently detected in K. pneumoniae isolates. Various sequence types were obtained in E. cloacae and Klebsiella oxytoca isolates. All isolates demonstrated unique PFGE profiles (<57–98% similarity) and were unlikely to be derived from a single clone. The present study reveals the presence and wide genetic distribution of ESC-resistant bacterial species in South Korean companion animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se Ra Shin
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seong Mi Noh
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Jung
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
- Correspondence: (W.K.J.); (K.T.P.)
| | - Sook Shin
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
| | - Young Kyung Park
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
| | - Dong Chan Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (D.C.M.); (S.-K.L.)
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (D.C.M.); (S.-K.L.)
| | - Yong Ho Park
- Department of Pathobiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.R.S.); (S.M.N.); (S.S.); (Y.K.P.); (Y.H.P.)
| | - Kun Taek Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Correspondence: (W.K.J.); (K.T.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Z, Lei L, Zhang H, Dai H, Song Y, Li L, Wang Y, Xia Z. Molecular Investigation of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Clinical Companion Animals in Beijing, China, 2017-2019. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10030271. [PMID: 33673656 PMCID: PMC7997213 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is aimed to elucidate the prevalence and characteristics of antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and molecular typing in Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical companion animals in Beijing, China. In total, 105 K. pneumoniae (2.0%) isolates were recovered from 5359 samples (dogs, n = 3356; cats, n = 2003). All tested isolates exhibited high resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate (74.3%). Moreover, resistance rates in dog isolates (2.1%) were significantly higher than in cat isolates (0.9%); however, the rate of multidrug-resistance (MDR) was 57.1% and the MDR prevalence in cats was significantly higher than dogs. Whole-genome sequencing demonstrated plasmids IncX4 and IncFIA (HI1)/FII(K) carried mcr-1 (n = 1) and mcr-8 (n = 1), but blaOXA-181 (n = 1) and blaNDM-5 (n = 4) were harbored in IncX3-type plasmids, and the above genes were in different isolates. The most prevalent sequence types (STs) in companion animals were ST1 (n = 9) and ST37 (n = 9). Compared to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data on human K. pneumoniae, resistance genes blaCTX-M and blaTEM were more prevalent in human isolates; however, aac(6′)-Ib-cr and oqxAB showed a higher prevalence in companion animals. Hypermucoviscosity was reported in 9 (8.6%) isolates, whereas 64 isolates (61.0%) were hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) via the Galleria mellonella. These findings validate the high risk of K. pneumonia and necessitate its relevant control in pet clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbiao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.D.); (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Lei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.D.); (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Hegen Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.D.); (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Yu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.D.); (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.D.); (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhaofei Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.D.); (Y.S.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (Z.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sellera FP, Fuga B, Fontana H, Esposito F, Cardoso B, Konno S, Berl C, Cappellanes MH, Cortez M, Ikeda M, de Souza CM, Cerdeira L, Lincopan N. Detection of IncN-pST15 one-health plasmid harbouring bla KPC-2 in a hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae CG258 isolated from an infected dog, Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 68:3083-3088. [PMID: 33507616 PMCID: PMC9290030 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales represents a serious public health concern. Critically, these global priority bacteria have begun to be reported in companion animals, implying a potential risk of cross‐transmission between humans and pets. Using long‐read (MinION) and short‐read (Illumina) sequencing technologies, we have identified and characterized a hypermucoviscous KPC‐2‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain belonging to the high‐risk international clone ST11/CG258, in a dog with urinary tract infection. Strikingly, the blaKPC‐2 gene was carried by a 54‐kb IncN plasmid assignated to ST15, which shared 99.8 and 96.8% pairwise identity with IncN‐pST15 plasmids from human and environmental K. pneumoniae strains, respectively; all come from an area with high endemicity of KPC‐2. Our findings suggest that IncN‐pST15 plasmids conferring carbapenem resistance can play as important a role as clonal transmission of K. pneumoniae, representing another major challenge for One Health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herrison Fontana
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Esposito
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Berl
- PetCare Veterinary Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - César M de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Banerjee A, Batabyal K, Singh AD, Joardar SN, Dey S, Isore DP, Sar TK, Dutta TK, Bandyopadhyay S, Samanta I. Multi-drug resistant, biofilm-producing high-risk clonal lineage of Klebsiella in companion and household animals. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:580-587. [PMID: 32881009 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta-lactamase and biofilm-producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)-producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0·05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX-M-15 . The sequences blaCTX-M-15.2 , blaCTX-M-197 and blaCTX-M-225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL-producing isolates possessed blaAmpC . The present study detected 65·8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied biofilm associated genes. The isolates showed phenotypical resistance against chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid. The present study showed that companion and household animals (dogs, cats, sheep, goats) may act as a carrier of ESBL/biofilm-producing, multi-drug resistant, high-risk clonal lineage of Klebsiella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Banerjee
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - K Batabyal
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - A D Singh
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S N Joardar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - S Dey
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - D P Isore
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - T K Sar
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - T K Dutta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, India
| | - S Bandyopadhyay
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute-Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
| | - I Samanta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sellera FP, Lopes R, Monte DFM, Cardoso B, Esposito F, Anjos CD, da Silva LCBA, Lincopan N. Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant CTX-M-15-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae belonging to the highly successful ST15 clone isolated from a dog with chronic otitis. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 22:659-661. [PMID: 32619688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae have been increasingly reported worldwide as a frequent cause of human and animal infections. K. pneumoniae belonging to the K24 capsular serotype and sequence type (ST) ST15 has been considered a global successful clone responsible for the spread of the blaCTX-M-15 gene. OBJECTIVE To report the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant CTX-M-15-positive K. pneumoniae K24-ST15 strain (L3KP1), which was isolated from a dog with chronic otitis. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced using Illumina NextSeq platform. De novo assembly was performed by SPAdes and in silico prediction accomplished by curated bioinformatics tools. RESULTS The genome size was calculated at 5 642 348 bp, with a GC content of 57.11%, and comprising 5601 total genes, 52 tRNAs, 8 rRNAs, 9 ncRNAs and 105 pseudogenes. The K. pneumoniae L3KP1 strain belonged to ST15 and carried the yersiniabactin biosynthetic gene cluster [ybt 10 (YbST28) in the integrative conjugative element ICEKp4], and the KL24 locus encoding capsular serotype K24. Besides the blaCTX-M-15 ESBL gene, other clinically important resistance genes to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fosfomycin, macrolides, phenicol, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim were detected. Additionally, heavy metals and disinfectant resistance genes were also identified. CONCLUSION This draft genome might be useful for comparative genomic analyses of the international clone of K. pneumoniae K24-ST15-CTX-M-15. In addition, information presented in this study also shed light on the urgent need to monitor ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in veterinary hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ralf Lopes
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel F M Monte
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Esposito
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Anjos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nilton Lincopan
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zingali T, Chapman TA, Webster J, Roy Chowdhury P, Djordjevic SP. Genomic Characterisation of a Multiple Drug Resistant IncHI2 ST4 Plasmid in Escherichia coli ST744 in Australia. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060896. [PMID: 32545892 PMCID: PMC7355605 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including those from the blaCTX-M family and mcr-1 that encode resistance to extended spectrum β–lactams and colistin, respectively, have been linked with IncHI2 plasmids isolated from swine production facilities globally but not in IncHI2 plasmids from Australia. Here we describe the first complete sequence of a multiple drug resistance Australian IncHI2-ST4 plasmid, pTZ41_1P, from a commensal E. coli from a healthy piglet. pTZ41_1P carries genes conferring resistance to heavy-metals (copper, silver, tellurium and arsenic), β-lactams, aminoglycosides and sulphonamides. The ARGs reside within a complex resistance locus (CRL) that shows considerable sequence identity to a CRL in pSDE_SvHI2, an IncHI2:ST3 plasmid from an enterotoxigenic E. coli with serotype O157:H19 of porcine origin that caused substantial losses to swine production operations in Australia in 2007. pTZ41_1P is closely related to IncHI2 plasmids found in E. coli and Salmonella enterica from porcine, avian and human sources in Europe and China but it does not carry genes encoding resistance to clinically-important antibiotics. We identified regions of IncHI2 plasmids that contribute to the genetic plasticity of this group of plasmids and highlight how they may readily acquire new resistance gene cargo. Genomic surveillance should be improved to monitor IncHI2 plasmids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Zingali
- The ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, City Campus, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (T.Z.); (P.R.C.)
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Toni A. Chapman
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth MacArthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia; (T.A.C.); (J.W.)
| | - John Webster
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth MacArthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia; (T.A.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Piklu Roy Chowdhury
- The ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, City Campus, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (T.Z.); (P.R.C.)
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Steven P. Djordjevic
- The ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, City Campus, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (T.Z.); (P.R.C.)
- Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9514-4127
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sukmawinata E, Uemura R, Sato W, Thu Htun M, Sueyoshi M. Multidrug-Resistant ESBL/AmpC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorses in Japan. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030369. [PMID: 32106501 PMCID: PMC7143125 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpCs) have been recognized as an emerging global problem in humans and animals. These enzymes provide a mechanism of resistance by inactivating β-lactam antibiotics and are mostly encoded on plasmids, which can be easily transmitted to other bacteria in humans, animals, and the environment. Several clinical diseases caused by Klebsiella spp. infection have been confirmed in the horse community. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella spp. increases the risk of treatment failure in infected horses. In this study, we investigated the presence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella spp. isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan. The results showed that ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL/AmpC-KP) isolated from horses have co-resistance to other β-lactam antibiotics as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Genetic relatedness analysis suggested that plasmid-mediated AmpC-KP clones may spread between horses. This is the first study to show K. pneumoniae carrying MDR plasmid-mediated AmpC isolated from racehorses. Continuous monitoring antimicrobial resistance to this species is required in order to control the spread of MDR ESBL/AmpC-KP in the racehorse community. Abstract Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC)-producing Klebsiella spp. have become a major health problem, leading to treatment failure in humans and animals. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella spp. isolated from racehorses in Japan. Feces samples from 212 healthy Thoroughbred racehorses were collected from the Japan Racing Association Training Centers between March 2017 and August 2018. ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella spp. were isolated using selective medium containing 1 µg/mL cefotaxime. All isolates were subjected to bacterial species identification (MALDI-TOF MS), antimicrobial susceptibility test (disk diffusion test), characterization of resistance genes (PCR), conjugation assay, and genetic relatedness (multilocus sequence typing/MLST). Twelve ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL/AmpC-KP) were isolated from 3.3% of horse samples. Antimicrobial resistance profiling for 17 antimicrobials showed all ESBL/AmpC-KP were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Only 1 isolate was confirmed as an ESBL producer (blaCTX-M-2-positive), whereas the other 11 isolates were plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) producers (blaCMY positive). On the basis of MLST analysis, the ESBL-KP isolate was identified as sequence type (ST)-133 and four different STs among AmpC-KP isolates, ST-145, ST-4830, ST-4831, and ST-4832, were found to share six of the seven loci constituting a single-locus variant. This is the first study to show K. pneumoniae carrying MDR pAmpC isolated from a racehorse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eddy Sukmawinata
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (E.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Ryoko Uemura
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (W.S.); (M.T.H.)
- Center for Animal Diseases Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-985-58-7283
| | - Wataru Sato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (W.S.); (M.T.H.)
| | - Myo Thu Htun
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (W.S.); (M.T.H.)
| | - Masuo Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (E.S.); (M.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (W.S.); (M.T.H.)
- Center for Animal Diseases Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pepin-Puget L, El Garch F, Bertrand X, Valot B, Hocquet D. Genome analysis of enterobacteriaceae with non-wild type susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins recovered from diseased dogs and cats in Europe. Vet Microbiol 2020; 242:108601. [PMID: 32122604 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated cephalosporinases (pAmpC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates are now reported worldwide in humans, animals, and in the environment. We identified the determinants of resistance to β-lactams and associated resistance genes as well as phylogenetic diversity of 53 ESBL- or pAmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from dogs and cats in Europe. MATERIALS/METHODS Of a collection of 842 Enterobacteriaceae isolates that were recovered in 2013 and 2014 from 842 diseased and untreated dogs and cats, for 242 ampicillin or amoxicillin resistant isolates (MIC ≥ 16 mg/L), cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) MICs were determined. Isolates with CTX and/or CAZ MIC ≥ 1 mg/L (n = 63) were selected, and their genomes were fully sequenced using Illumina Technology. Genomic data were explored to identify the resistance determinants, the plasmid incompatibility groups, and the sequence types (STs). Plasmid location of blaESBL and blaAmpC was evaluated for all isolates based on the co-localization of resistance and plasmid incompatibility group genes on the same contig. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using core-genome MLST. RESULTS Of the 63 sequenced isolates, 53 isolates harbored a blaESBL or blaAmpC gene. Ten CTX and/or CAZ non-wild type isolates had neither blaESBL nor blaAmpC. Among the 63 isolates, 44 (69.8 %) were Escherichia coli, 11 (17.5 %) were Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 8 (12.7 %) were Proteus mirabilis. Fifty-one (80.9 %) isolates originated from dogs and 12 (19.1 %) from cats. Isolates were sampled from urinary tract (n = 36), skin and soft tissue (n = 22) and respiratory tract infections (n = 5). Thirty-two isolates (32/53, 60.4 %) carried blaESBL genes, including blaCTX-M-15 (n = 12), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-1 (n = 5), blaCTX-M-2 (n = 3), blaCTX-M-27 (n = 3), blaSHV-28 (n = 4), blaSHV-12 (n = 2), and blaVEB-6 (n = 1). Four isolates of K. pneumoniae had both blaCTX-M-15 and blaSHV-28. Twenty-one isolates (21/53, 39.6 %) carried genes encoding pAmpC, including blaCMY-2 (n = 19) and blaDHA-1 (n = 2). Thirteen E. coli isolates harbored both blaESBL or blaAmpC genes and plasmids of incompatibility groups IncIB (9/13), IncI1 (8/13), and IncFII (6/13). In addition to the reduced susceptibility to CTX and/or CAZ, reduced susceptibility or evidence of acquired resistance to at least one other relevant class of antibiotics was observed for all 63 isolates. E. COLI: isolates clustered in 23 STs, including B2 virulent clones from humans such as ST131 (n = 5), K. pneumoniae isolates mostly clustered in 3 STs: ST11 (n = 4), ST307 (n = 3), and ST16 (n = 2). Phylogenetic analysis identified the spread of E. coli ST131 blaCTX-M-27, and of K. pneumoniae ST307 harboring blaCTX-M-15 and blaSHV-28 or ST11 blaCTX-M-15. CONCLUSIONS We report here a 6.3 % prevalence of ESBL/pAmpC producing Enterobacteriaceae in diseased dogs and cats. This EU survey confirms that dogs and cats can be infected with epidemic multidrug resistant clones that may also spread in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farid El Garch
- Vétoquinol SA, Scientific division, Lure, France; ComPath Study Group, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Xavier Bertrand
- Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Besançon, France; Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS Chrono-environnement, Besançon, France
| | - Benoit Valot
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS Chrono-environnement, Besançon, France; Bioinformatique et big data au service de la santé, UFR Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Didier Hocquet
- Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Besançon, France; Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS Chrono-environnement, Besançon, France; Bioinformatique et big data au service de la santé, UFR Santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Carvalho I, Alonso CA, Silva V, Pimenta P, Cunha R, Martins C, Igrejas G, Torres C, Poeta P. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Healthy and Sick Dogs in Portugal. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 26:709-715. [PMID: 31895642 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase (CP)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates are a public health concern at clinical level, mainly in Southern European countries. However, there are scarce data on the role of companion animals in the emergence of resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the presence of K. pneumoniae with relevant beta-lactamases in fecal samples from healthy dogs (kennel and house dogs) and sick dogs in seven different hospitals in Portugal. Fecal samples from 125 healthy dogs and 231 sick dogs (one per animal) were collected during April-August 2017. Samples were screened on MacConkey agar supplemented with meropenem, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) was used for K. pneumoniae identification. Genotypic detection of ESBLs or CPs was carried out by PCR/sequencing. Moreover, the presence of other antimicrobial resistance genes and multilocus sequence typing was tested by PCR/sequencing. K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from 16 tested samples (4.4%), and 3 of them were ertapenem and/or meropenem intermediate/resistant (all of them imipenem susceptible and negative for CP genes). Fifteen K. pneumoniae isolates were ESBL producers, and they carried the following beta-lactamase genes: blaCTX-M-15+blaSHV-28 (four isolates, in three cases associated with blaTEM-1), blaCTX-M-15+blaSHV-1 (five isolates, associated with TEM-1 in three cases), and blaSHV-28+blaTEM-1 (six isolates). Three ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates of different origins and beta-lactamase genotypes (CTX-M-15+SHV-28, CTX-M-15+SHV-28+TEM-1, or SHV-28+TEM-1) belonged to the lineage ST307, and one isolate was identified as ST15 (CTX-M-15+SHV-1). These findings highlight that dogs are frequent carriers of ESBL-producing K. pneumonia isolates, harboring mostly genes encoding CTX-M-15 or SHV-28, associated in some cases with the high-risk clones ST307 and ST15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Carvalho
- MicroART-Antibiotic Resistance Team, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carla Andrea Alonso
- Area Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Vanessa Silva
- MicroART-Antibiotic Resistance Team, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paulo Pimenta
- Veterinary Hospital of Trás-os-Montes, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rita Cunha
- Veterinary Hospital of São Bento, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Martins
- Veterinary Clinic of Vouga, Sever do Vouga, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- MicroART-Antibiotic Resistance Team, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Valencia-Bacca J, Silva MM, Cerdeira L, Esposito F, Cardoso B, Muñoz ME, Jiménez-Villegas T, Cardenas-Arias A, Pessoa DAN, Lincopan N. Detection and Whole-Genome Analysis of a High-Risk Clone of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST340/CG258 Producing CTX-M-15 in a Companion Animal. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 26:611-615. [PMID: 31809242 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and dissemination of high-risk clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in animal infections is a critical issue. We report the detection and genomic features of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESBL (CTX-M-15)-producing K. pneumoniae infecting a domestic cat. Whole-genome sequencing analysis identified the international ST340 (clonal group CG258), and genes and mutations conferring resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, phenicols, fosfomycin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and fluoroquinolones. In addition, the presence of genes encoding resistance to disinfectant and heavy metals hazardous to humans was also confirmed. The MDR profile exhibited by the strain contributed to treatment failure and death of the companion animal. Therefore, active surveillance of critical priority lineages of K. pneumoniae should not only focus on human infections but also on veterinary infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Valencia-Bacca
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Meire M Silva
- Veterinary Medicine Academic Unit, University Center of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Esposito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria E Muñoz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Jiménez-Villegas
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Cardenas-Arias
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle A N Pessoa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Piccolo FL, Belas A, Foti M, Fisichella V, Marques C, Pomba C. Detection of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum/plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from diseased cats in Italy. J Feline Med Surg 2019; 22:613-622. [PMID: 31524037 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19868029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from cats affected by diseases commonly encountered in practice, and to characterise the third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistance molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Clinical samples (n = 100) included 58 rectal swabs from cats with diarrhoea, 31 nasal swabs from cats with clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease, four ear swabs from cats with otitis, three conjunctival swabs from cats with conjunctivitis, two oral swabs from cats with stomatitis, one swab from a skin abscess and one urine sample from a cat with cystitis. A total of 125 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 90 cats. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated species (n = 65), followed by Enterobacter species (n = 20), Proteus species (n = 13), Citrobacter species (n = 12) and others (n = 15). Bacterial susceptibility testing was performed with respect to eight antimicrobial classes. Beta (β)-lactamase genes were identified by PCR and nucleotide sequencing. RESULTS Overall, the higher frequency of resistance was to amoxicillin-clavulanate (61.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (33.6%) and cefotaxime (32.8%). Thirty-six percent of the isolates (n = 45) were resistant to 3GCs. Of these isolates, 34 were tested by PCR and nucleotide sequencing and 23 were confirmed as encoding β-lactamase genes. Fourteen 3GC-resistant isolates harboured extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) belonging to groups CTX-M-1 (n = 12, two of which were CTX-M-79), CTX-M-2 (n = 1) and CTX-M-9 (n = 1), as well as SHV-12 (n = 1) and TEM-92 (n = 1). Nine isolates had CMY-2 plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC). Thirty-one percent (n = 39) of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) and were isolated from 34% (n = 31/90) of the cats. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A high frequency of MDR and ESBL/pAmpC β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were detected among bacteria isolated from a feline population in southern Italy with a variety of common clinical conditions, which poses limitations on therapeutic options for companion animals. We describe the first detection of CTX-M-79 and TEM-92 ESBL genes in isolates from cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lo Piccolo
- Section of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Adriana Belas
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Foti
- Section of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fisichella
- Section of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cátia Marques
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Molecular Typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Medical Centers in Kermanshah Using Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis. ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/pedinfect.84331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Slettemeås JS, Sunde M, Ulstad CR, Norström M, Wester AL, Urdahl AM. Occurrence and characterization of quinolone resistant Escherichia coli from Norwegian turkey meat and complete sequence of an IncX1 plasmid encoding qnrS1. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212936. [PMID: 30856202 PMCID: PMC6411123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) is frequent among Escherichia coli from various food products and animals in several countries. The objective of this study was to characterize quinolone resistant E. coli (QREC) from Norwegian turkey meat regarding resistance profiles, genetic mechanisms for quinolone resistance, genetic relatedness, and to investigate whether PMQR genes were present. In total, 78 QREC were isolated by a selective method from 156 samples throughout 2013. Isolates were subjected to susceptibility testing, characterization of resistance mechanisms, serotyping, phylotyping and multi-locus variable-tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). All 78 isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, while 77 were also resistant to nalidixic acid. The nalidixic acid sensitive isolate had a resistance profile indicating the presence of a PMQR gene. Both PCR and whole genome sequencing confirmed the presence of a 47 304 kb IncX1 plasmid containing the qnrS1 gene. The mechanism conferring quinolone resistance in the remaining isolates was mediated by mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of the chromosomal gyrA gene and for most of the isolates also in the parC gene. Molecular typing by MLVA showed a high degree of genetic diversity, although four clusters dominated. Two clusters contained strains belonging to phylogroup D/serogroup O176, the third contained isolates of phylogroup B1/serogroup O19, whereas the fourth contained isolates of phylogroup B1/non-typeable serogroup. Isolates within the latter cluster had MLVA profiles identical to QREC isolated from day-old imported turkey parent animals investigated in a preliminary study at the Norwegian Veterinary Institute. This finding suggests that QREC obtained from turkey may have been introduced via import of breeding animals to Norway. This is the first time the qnrS1 gene is described from E. coli isolated from Norwegian turkey meat. Compared to available qnrS1 carrying plasmids in Genbank, the current IncX1 plasmid showed high degree of similarity to other IncX1 plasmids containing qnrS1 isolated from both Shigella flexneri and E. coli found in different geographical areas and sources. To conclude, this study showed that mutations in gyrA and parC are the main mechanism conferring quinolone resistance in E. coli isolated from Norwegian turkey meat, and that PMQR has not been widely dispersed throughout the E. coli population in Norwegian turkey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannice Schau Slettemeås
- Section of Food Safety and Emerging Health Threats, Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Sunde
- Section of Food Safety and Emerging Health Threats, Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Madelaine Norström
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Analysis and Diagnostics, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astrid Louise Wester
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Water and Sanitation Unit, Department for Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Human Health, World Health Organization, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Anne Margrete Urdahl
- Section of Food Safety and Emerging Health Threats, Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang J, Ma ZB, Zeng ZL, Yang XW, Huang Y, Liu JH. The role of wildlife (wild birds) in the global transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes. Zool Res 2019; 38:55-80. [PMID: 28409502 PMCID: PMC5396029 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent global health challenge in human and veterinary medicine. Wild animals are not directly exposed to clinically relevant antibiotics; however, antibacterial resistance in wild animals has been increasingly reported worldwide in parallel to the situation in human and veterinary medicine. This underlies the complexity of bacterial resistance in wild animals and the possible interspecies transmission between humans, domestic animals, the environment, and wildlife. This review summarizes the current data on expanded-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase, carbapenemase, and colistin resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates of wildlife origin. The aim of this review is to better understand the important role of wild animals as reservoirs and vectors in the global dissemination of crucial clinical antibacterial resistance. In this regard, continued surveillance is urgently needed worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Bao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xue-Wen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Marques C, Menezes J, Belas A, Aboim C, Cavaco-Silva P, Trigueiro G, Telo Gama L, Pomba C. Klebsiella pneumoniae causing urinary tract infections in companion animals and humans: population structure, antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 74:594-602. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Marques
- CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Menezes
- CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adriana Belas
- CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Aboim
- CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Cavaco-Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal
- Technophage, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Trigueiro
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Dr. Joaquim Chaves, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Telo Gama
- CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constança Pomba
- CIISA - Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dandachi I, Chabou S, Daoud Z, Rolain JM. Prevalence and Emergence of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-, Carbapenem- and Colistin-Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria of Animal Origin in the Mediterranean Basin. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2299. [PMID: 30323797 PMCID: PMC6172473 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, extended ESBL and carbapenemase producing Gram negative bacteria have become widespread in hospitals, community settings and the environment. This has been triggered by the few therapeutic options left when infections with these multi-drug resistant organisms occur. The emergence of resistance to colistin, the last therapeutic option against carbapenem-resistant bacteria, worsened the situation. Recently, animals were regarded as potent antimicrobial reservoir and a possible source of infection to humans. Enteric Gram negative bacteria in animals can be easily transmitted to humans by direct contact or indirectly through the handling and consumption of undercooked/uncooked animal products. In the Mediterranean basin, little is known about the current overall epidemiology of multi-drug resistant bacteria in livestock, companion, and domestic animals. This review describes the current epidemiology of ESBL, carbapenemase producers and colistin resistant bacteria of animal origin in this region of the world. The CTX-M group 1 seems to prevail in animals in this area, followed by SHV-12 and CTX-M group 9. The dissemination of carbapenemase producers and colistin resistance remains low. Isolated multi-drug resistant bacteria were often co-resistant to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, frequently used in veterinary medicine as treatment, growth promoters, prophylaxis and in human medicine for therapeutic purposes. Antibiotics used in veterinary medicine in this area include mainly tetracycline, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and polymyxins. Indeed, it appears that the emergence of ESBL and carbapenemase producers in animals is not related to the use of beta-lactam antibiotics but is, rather, due to the co-selective pressure applied by the over usage of non-beta-lactams. The level of antibiotic consumption in animals should be, therefore, re-considered in the Mediterranean area especially in North Africa and western Asia where no accurate data are available about the level of antibiotic consumption in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dandachi
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Selma Chabou
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ziad Daoud
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- D I Rendle
- Rainbow Equine Hospital, Malton, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - S W Page
- Advanced Veterinary Therapeutics, Newtown, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dandachi I, Fayad E, El-Bazzal B, Daoud Z, Rolain JM. Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli and Emergence of mcr-1 Colistin Resistance Gene in Lebanese Swine Farms. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 25:233-240. [PMID: 30142027 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Livestock are considered reservoirs of multidrug-resistant organisms that can be transferred to humans through direct/indirect routes. Once transmitted, these organisms can be responsible for infections with therapeutic challenges. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin and colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in Lebanese swine farms. In May 2017, 114 fecal samples were collected from swine farms in south Lebanon. Separate media supplemented with cefotaxime, ertapenem, and colistin were used for the screening of resistant organisms. Double-disk synergy test and ampC disk test were performed to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and ampC producers, respectively. Detection of beta-lactamase and mcr genes was performed using real time PCR. Of 114 fecal samples, 76 showed growth on the medium with cefotaxime. In total, 111 strains were isolated with 94.5% being Escherichia coli. Phenotypic tests showed that 98, 6, and 7 strains were ESBL, ampC, and ESBL/ampC producers, respectively. CTX-M and CMY were the main beta-lactamase genes detected. On the medium with colistin, 19 samples showed growth. In total, 23 colistin-resistant E. coli strains harboring the mcr-1 gene were isolated. This is the first study in Lebanon determining multidrug resistance epidemiology in pigs. The prevalence of ESBLs is high and the emergence of colistin resistance is alarming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dandachi
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand , Beirut, Lebanon .,2 IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Aix Marseille University , Marseille, France
| | - Elie Fayad
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand , Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Ziad Daoud
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand , Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- 2 IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Aix Marseille University , Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pulss S, Stolle I, Stamm I, Leidner U, Heydel C, Semmler T, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Ewers C. Multispecies and Clonal Dissemination of OXA-48 Carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae From Companion Animals in Germany, 2009-2016. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1265. [PMID: 29963026 PMCID: PMC6010547 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) poses a serious threat to public health. Recent studies suggested animals as a putative source of such bacteria. We investigated 19,025 Escherichia coli, 1607 Klebsiella spp. and 570 Enterobacter spp. isolated from livestock, companion animal, horse, and pet samples between 2009 and 2016 in our routine diagnostic laboratory for reduced susceptibility to carbapenems (CP) by using meropenem-containing media. Actively screened CP non-susceptible strains as well as 367 archived ESBL/AmpC-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were then tested for the presence of CP genes by PCRs. Among 21,569 isolates, OXA-48 could be identified as the sole carbapenemase type in 137 (0.64%) strains. The blaOXA-48 gene was located on an ∼60-kb IncL plasmid and sequence analysis revealed high similarity to reference plasmid pOXA-48a, which has been involved in the global spread of the blaOXA-48 gene in humans for many years. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant OXA-48 producer (n = 86; 6.6% of all K. pneumoniae isolates), followed by E. cloacae (n = 28; 5.0%), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1; 0.3%), and E. coli (n = 22, 0.1%). OXA-48 was not found in livestock, but in dogs (120/3182; 3.8%), cats (13/792; 1.6%), guinea pig (1/43; 2.3%), rat (1/23; 4.3%), mouse (1/180; 0.6%), and one rabbit (1/144; 0.7%). Genotyping identified few major clones among the different enterobacteria species, including sequence types ST11 and ST15 for K. pneumoniae, ST1196 for E. coli, and ST506 and ST78 for E. cloacae, most of which were previously involved in the dissemination of multidrug-resistant strains in humans. The majority of OXA-48 isolates (n = 112) originated from a university veterinary clinic (UVC), while animals from further 16 veterinary institutions were positive. Clonal analyses suggested nosocomial events related to different species and STs in two veterinary clinics and horizontal transfer of the pOXA-48-like plasmid between bacterial species and animals. A systematic monitoring is urgently needed to assess the dissemination of CPE not only in livestock but also in companion animals and veterinary clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pulss
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Inka Stolle
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ivonne Stamm
- Vet Med Labor GmbH, Division of IDEXX Laboratories, Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Leidner
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carsten Heydel
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Torsten Semmler
- Microbial Genomics (NG1), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alba P, Leekitcharoenphon P, Franco A, Feltrin F, Ianzano A, Caprioli A, Stravino F, Hendriksen RS, Bortolaia V, Battisti A. Molecular Epidemiology of mcr-Encoded Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae From Food-Producing Animals in Italy Revealed Through the EU Harmonized Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1217. [PMID: 29951045 PMCID: PMC6008537 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin resistance by mobilisable mcr genes has been described in bacteria of food-animal origin worldwide, which has raised public health concerns about its potential foodborne transmission to human pathogenic bacteria. Here we provide baseline information on the molecular epidemiology of colistin-resistant, mcr-positive Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates in food-producing animals in Italy in 2014-2015. A total 678, 861 and 236 indicator E. coli, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC-producing E. coli, and Salmonella isolates, respectively, were tested for colistin susceptibility. These isolates were collected according to the EU harmonized antimicrobial resistance monitoring program and are representative of at least 90 and 80% of the Italian poultry (broiler chickens and turkeys) and livestock (pigs and bovines < 12 months) production, respectively. Whole genome sequencing by Illumina technology and bioinformatics (Center for Genomic Epidemiology pipeline) were used to type 42 mcr-positive isolates by PCR. Colistin resistance was mainly observed in the ESBL/AmpC E. coli population, and was present in 25.9, 5.3, 6.5, and 3.9% of such isolates in turkeys, broilers, pigs, and bovines, respectively. Most colistin-resistant isolates (141/161, 87.5%) harbored genes of the mcr-1 group. mcr-1 was also detected in a small proportion of Salmonella isolates (3/146, 2.0%) in turkeys. Additional mcr types were mcr-3 in four ESBL-producing E. coli from bovines, and two mcr-4 in ESBL (n = 1) and indicator E. coli (n = 1) from pigs and bovines. We describe notable diversity of mcr variants with predominance of mcr-1.1 and mcr-1.2 on conjugative IncX4 plasmids in E. coli and in Salmonella serovars Typhimurium, Newport, Blockley from turkey. A new variant, mcr-1.13 was detected in the chromosome in E. coli in turkey and pig isolates. Additionally, we describe mcr-3.2 and mcr-4.3 in E. coli from bovines, and mcr-4.2 in E. coli from pigs. These findings elucidate the epidemiology of colistin resistance in food-producing animals in Italy along with its genetic background, and highlight the likelihood of mcr horizontal transfer between commensal bacteria and major food-borne pathogens (Salmonella) within the same type of productions. Thorough action and strategies are needed in order to mitigate the risk of mcr transfer to humans, in a “One Health” perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alba
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and Genomics and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alessia Franco
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Feltrin
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Ianzano
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Caprioli
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorentino Stravino
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Rene S Hendriksen
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and Genomics and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valeria Bortolaia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and Genomics and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Antonio Battisti
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wyres KL, Holt KE. Klebsiella pneumoniae as a key trafficker of drug resistance genes from environmental to clinically important bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol 2018; 45:131-139. [PMID: 29723841 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen known for its high frequency and diversity of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. In addition to being a significant clinical problem in its own right, K. pneumoniae is the species within which several new AMR genes were first discovered before spreading to other pathogens (e.g. carbapenem-resistance genes KPC, OXA-48 and NDM-1). Whilst K. pneumoniae's contribution to the overall AMR crisis is impossible to quantify, current evidence suggests it has a wider ecological distribution, significantly more varied DNA composition, greater AMR gene diversity and a higher plasmid burden than other Gram negative opportunists. Hence we propose it plays a key role in disseminating AMR genes from environmental microbes to clinically important pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Wyres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Kathryn E Holt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Dandachi I, Sokhn ES, Dahdouh EA, Azar E, El-Bazzal B, Rolain JM, Daoud Z. Prevalence and Characterization of Multi-Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated From Lebanese Poultry: A Nationwide Study. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:550. [PMID: 29628921 PMCID: PMC5876231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, antimicrobial resistance is one of the most prominent public health issues. In fact, there is increasing evidence that animals constitute a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance. In collaboration with the Lebanese Ministry of Agriculture, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal carriage of multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative Bacilli in poultry farms at the national level. Between August and December 2015, 981 fecal swabs were obtained from 49 poultry farms distributed across Lebanon. The swabs were subcultured on MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (2 μg/ml). Isolated strains were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Multilocus sequence typing analysis was performed for Escherichia coli. Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC production was performed using double disk synergy and the ampC disk test, respectively. β-lactamase encoding genes blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaFOX, blaMOX, blaEBC, blaACC, blaDHA, and blaCMY using PCR amplification. Out of 981 fecal swabs obtained, 203 (20.6%) showed bacterial growth on the selective medium. Of the 235 strains isolated, 217 were identified as E. coli (92%), eight as Klebsiella pneumoniae (3%), three as Proteus mirabilis (1%) and three as Enterobacter cloacae (1%). MLST analysis of E. coli isolates showed the presence of ST156, ST5470, ST354, ST155, and ST3224. The phenotypic tests revealed that 43.5, 28.5, and 20.5% of the strains were ampC, ESBL, and ampC/ESBL producers, respectively. The putative TEM gene was detected in 83% of the isolates, SHV in 20%, CTX-M in 53% and CMY ampC β-lactamase gene in 65%. Our study showed that chicken farms in Lebanon are reservoirs of ESBL and AmpC producing Gram-negative bacilli. The level of antibiotic consumption in the Lebanese veterinary medicine should be evaluated. Future studies should focus on the risk factors associated with the acquisition of multi-drug-resistant organisms in farm animals in Lebanon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dandachi
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon.,IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Elie S Sokhn
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias A Dahdouh
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eid Azar
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ziad Daoud
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Maeyama Y, Taniguchi Y, Hayashi W, Ohsaki Y, Osaka S, Koide S, Tamai K, Nagano Y, Arakawa Y, Nagano N. Prevalence of ESBL/AmpC genes and specific clones among the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from canine and feline clinical specimens in Japan. Vet Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29519514 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, besides the widespread occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in both healthcare and community settings of humans, the third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant microbes have also been reported from companion animals worldwide. Here, we characterized ESBL- and/or pAmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates from companion animals. Among the 487 clinical isolates mainly from urine of dogs and cats between May and September 2016, 104 non-repetitive isolates were resistant to the 3GC, and they consisted of 81 of 381 (21.3%) Escherichia coli, 21 of 50 (42.0%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 2 of 56 (3.6%) Proteus mirabilis isolates. In the 81 E. coli, the predominant bla genes were blaCTX-M-27 and blaCMY-2 (n = 15 each), followed by blaCTX-M-15 (n = 14), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 10), and blaCTX-M-55 (n = 5). In 21 K. pneumoniae, 10 bla gene types including blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), blaCTX-M-2 (n = 4), and blaCTX-M-14 (n = 3) were found. The blaCTX-M-2 was identified in 2 P. mirabilis. Twenty-four of the 42 E. coli belonging to phylogroup B2 were O25b-ST131 clone, mostly associated with uropathogenic E. coli pathotype, and 22 isolates of this clone were identified as specific H30R subclone. High prevalence of the blaCTX-M-27-harboring isolates were noted among the H30R/non-Rx lineage (13/19, 68.4%) (p < 0.05). The genetic environment of blaCTX-M-27 of most isolates of this lineage was identical to that of human isolates, but unique flanking genetic structures were also identified. Newly emerging virulent lineage B2-non-O25b-ST1193 was also confirmed in 5 isolates. The fosA3 and/or armA genes were detected in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. These data suggest that companion animals serve as a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae. This also has considerable veterinary importance, since urinary tract infections are an important disease causing therapeutic challenges worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Maeyama
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; Miroku Medical Laboratory Inc., 659-2 Innai, Saku, Nagano 384-2201 Japan
| | - Yui Taniguchi
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Wataru Hayashi
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Osaka
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shota Koide
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Tamai
- Miroku Medical Laboratory Inc., 659-2 Innai, Saku, Nagano 384-2201 Japan
| | - Yukiko Nagano
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Navon-Venezia S, Kondratyeva K, Carattoli A. Klebsiella pneumoniae: a major worldwide source and shuttle for antibiotic resistance. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 41:252-275. [PMID: 28521338 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 614] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen affecting humans and a major source for hospital infections associated with high morbidity and mortality due to limited treatment options. We summarize the wide resistome of this pathogen, which encompasses plentiful chromosomal and plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Under antibiotic selective pressure, K. pneumoniae continuously accumulates ARGs, by de novo mutations, and via acquisition of plasmids and transferable genetic elements, leading to extremely drug resistant (XDR) strains harboring a 'super resistome'. In the last two decades, numerous high-risk (HiR) MDR and XDR K. pneumoniae sequence types have emerged showing superior ability to cause multicontinent outbreaks, and continuous global dissemination. The data highlight the complex evolution of MDR and XDR K. pneumoniae, involving transfer and spread of ARGs, and epidemic plasmids in highly disseminating successful clones. With the worldwide catastrophe of antibiotic resistance and the urgent need to identify the main pathogens that pose a threat on the future of infectious diseases, further studies are warranted to determine the epidemic traits and plasmid acquisition in K. pneumoniae. There is a need for future genomic and translational studies to decipher specific targets in HiR clones to design targeted prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Navon-Venezia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Kira Kondratyeva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Alessandra Carattoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pomba C, Rantala M, Greko C, Baptiste KE, Catry B, van Duijkeren E, Mateus A, Moreno MA, Pyörälä S, Ružauskas M, Sanders P, Teale C, Threlfall EJ, Kunsagi Z, Torren-Edo J, Jukes H, Törneke K. Public health risk of antimicrobial resistance transfer from companion animals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:957-968. [PMID: 27999066 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials are important tools for the therapy of infectious bacterial diseases in companion animals. Loss of efficacy of antimicrobial substances can seriously compromise animal health and welfare. A need for the development of new antimicrobials for the therapy of multiresistant infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria, has been acknowledged in human medicine and a future corresponding need in veterinary medicine is expected. A unique aspect related to antimicrobial resistance and risk of resistance transfer in companion animals is their close contact with humans. This creates opportunities for interspecies transmission of resistant bacteria. Yet, the current knowledge of this field is limited and no risk assessment is performed when approving new veterinary antimicrobials. The objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the use and indications for antimicrobials in companion animals, drug-resistant bacteria of concern among companion animals, risk factors for colonization of companion animals with resistant bacteria and transmission of antimicrobial resistance (bacteria and/or resistance determinants) between animals and humans. The major antimicrobial resistance microbiological hazards originating from companion animals that directly or indirectly may cause adverse health effects in humans are MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, VRE, ESBL- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Gram-negative bacteria. In the face of the previously recognized microbiological hazards, a risk assessment tool could be applied in applications for marketing authorization for medicinal products for companion animals. This would allow the approval of new veterinary medicinal antimicrobials for which risk levels are estimated as acceptable for public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constança Pomba
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Merja Rantala
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Mateus
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Miguel A Moreno
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Satu Pyörälä
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Modestas Ružauskas
- Veterinary Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pascal Sanders
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire (ANSES), Fougères, France
| | | | | | | | - Jordi Torren-Edo
- European Medicines Agency, London, UK.,Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Helen Jukes
- Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Addlestone, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Highly Tigecycline-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 11 (ST11) and ST147 Isolates from Companion Animals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.02640-16. [PMID: 28396550 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02640-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we characterized two tigecycline-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from dog urine samples. The isolates were genetically unrelated, belonging to sequence type 11 (ST11) and ST147, both classically related to human isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first identification of tigecycline-resistant isolates from animals. We unveil here the worrisome circulation among animals of bacterial clones resistant to this last-resort antibiotic.
Collapse
|
50
|
Dalhoff A, Schubert S, Vente A. Pharmacodynamics of Finafloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Levofloxacin in Serum and Urine against TEM- and SHV-Type Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:e02446-16. [PMID: 28193648 PMCID: PMC5404535 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02446-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacodynamics of finafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin against extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates were compared. Since quinolones lose activity in acidic media, and particularly in urine, their activities were tested in parallel under conventional conditions and in acidic artificial urine. For this purpose, TEM- and SHV-type ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains and their wild-type counterparts were exposed in a modified Grasso model to simulated concentrations of drugs in serum and urine following oral doses of either finafloxacin at 800 mg once a day (q.d.), immediate-release ciprofloxacin at 500 mg twice a day (b.i.d.), extended-release ciprofloxacin at 1,000 mg q.d., or levofloxacin at 500 or 750 mg q.d. The concentrations of the drugs in urine were fitted by compartmental modeling. Bacteria were cultivated in Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) at pH 7.2 or 5.8 or in artificial urine at pH 5.8. Bacteria were counted every 2 h until 10 h and at 24 h; the areas under the bacterial-count-versus-time curves were calculated. It was found that finafloxacin eliminated all strains within 2 h under all the conditions studied. At all doses studied, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were highly active against wild-type strains in MHB at pH 7.2 but lost activity in MHB, and particularly in urine, at pH 5.8. Viable counts of ESBL producers were reduced for 6 to 8 h by 3 log10 titers, but the bacteria regrew thereafter. Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were almost inactive against the SHV producer grown in artificial urine. We conclude that pharmacodynamic models using artificial urine may mirror the physiology of urinary tract infections more closely than those using conventional media. In contrast to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, finafloxacin gained activity in this model at an acidic pH, maintained activity in artificial urine, and was active against TEM and SHV producers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Dalhoff
- University Hospital Kiel, Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel, Germany
| | - S Schubert
- University Hospital Kiel, Institute for Infection Medicine, Kiel, Germany
| | - A Vente
- MerLion Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|