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Chen Z, Chen L, Tan J, Mao Y, Hao M, Li Y, Wang Y, Li J, Wang J, Jin L, Zheng HX. Natural selection shaped the protective effect of the mtDNA lineage against obesity in Han Chinese populations. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00129-2. [PMID: 38880354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are thus considered to affect obesity susceptibility by altering oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function. In this study, we investigated mtDNA variants that may affect obesity risk in 2,877 Han Chinese individuals from three independent populations. The association analysis of 16 basal mtDNA haplogroups with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) revealed that only haplogroup M7 was significantly negatively correlated with all three adiposity-related anthropometric traits in the overall cohort (P=0.003 for BMI, P=1×10-5 for WC, P=0.005 for WHR), which was verified by the analysis of a single population, i.e., the Zhengzhou population. Furthermore, subhaplogroup analysis suggested that M7b1a1 was the most likely haplogroup associated with a decreased obesity risk, and the variation T12811C (causing Y159H in ND5) harbored in M7b1a1 may be the most likely candidate for altering mitochondrial function. Specifically, we found that proportionally more nonsynonymous mutations accumulated in M7b1a1 carriers, indicating that M7b1a1 was either under positive selection or subject to a relaxation of selective constraints. We also found that nuclear variants, especially in DACT2 and PIEZO1, may functionally interact with M7b1a1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingze Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhen Mao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Dissecting Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Dissecting Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong-Xiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Cosemans C, Alfano R, Sleurs H, Martens DS, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. Exploring mitochondrial heteroplasmy in neonates: implications for growth patterns and overweight in the first years of life. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01537-z. [PMID: 38802661 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial heteroplasmy reflects genetic diversity within individuals due to the presence of varying mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, possibly affecting mitochondrial function and energy production in cells. Rapid growth during early childhood is a critical development with long-term implications for health and well-being. In this study, we investigated if cord blood mtDNA heteroplasmy is associated with rapid growth at 6 and 12 months and overweight in childhood at 4-6 years. METHODS This study included 200 mother-child pairs of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort. Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing was performed to determine mtDNA heteroplasmy levels (in variant allele frequency; VAF) in cord blood. Rapid growth was defined for each child as the difference between WHO-SD scores of predicted weight at either 6 or 12 months and birth weight. Logistic regression models were used to determine the association of mitochondrial heteroplasmy with rapid growth and childhood overweight. Determinants of relevant cord blood mitochondrial heteroplasmies were identified using multiple linear regression models. RESULTS One % increase in VAF of cord blood MT-D-Loop16362T > C heteroplasmy was associated with rapid growth at 6 months (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05; p = 0.001) and 12 months (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.03; p = 0.02). Furthermore, this variant was associated with childhood overweight at 4-6 years (OR = 1.01; 95% CI 1.00-1.02; p = 0.05). Additionally, rapid growth at 6 months (OR = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.49-6.14; p = 0.002) and 12 months (OR = 4.05; 95% CI: 2.06-8.49; p < 0.001) was also associated with childhood overweight at 4-6 years. Furthermore, we identified maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal education, parity, and gestational age as determinants of cord blood MT-D-Loop16362T > C heteroplasmy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings, based on mitochondrial DNA genotyping, offer insights into the molecular machinery leading to rapid growth in early life, potentially explaining a working mechanism of the development toward childhood overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Sleurs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Mertens J, Belva F, van Montfoort APA, Regin M, Zambelli F, Seneca S, Couvreu de Deckersberg E, Bonduelle M, Tournaye H, Stouffs K, Barbé K, Smeets HJM, Van de Velde H, Sermon K, Blockeel C, Spits C. Children born after assisted reproduction more commonly carry a mitochondrial genotype associating with low birthweight. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1232. [PMID: 38336715 PMCID: PMC10858059 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Children conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have an elevated risk of lower birthweight, yet the underlying cause remains unclear. Our study explores mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants as contributors to birthweight differences by impacting mitochondrial function during prenatal development. We deep-sequenced the mtDNA of 451 ART and spontaneously conceived (SC) individuals, 157 mother-child pairs and 113 individual oocytes from either natural menstrual cycles or after ovarian stimulation (OS) and find that ART individuals carried a different mtDNA genotype than SC individuals, with more de novo non-synonymous variants. These variants, along with rRNA variants, correlate with lower birthweight percentiles, independent of conception mode. Their higher occurrence in ART individuals stems from de novo mutagenesis associated with maternal aging and OS-induced oocyte cohort size. Future research will establish the long-term health consequences of these changes and how these findings will impact the clinical practice and patient counselling in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Mertens
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Belva
- Center for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aafke P A van Montfoort
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marius Regin
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Sara Seneca
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edouard Couvreu de Deckersberg
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Herman Tournaye
- Brussels IVF, Center for Reproductive Medicine, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Biology of the Testis, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katrien Stouffs
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kurt Barbé
- Interfaculty Center Data Processing & Statistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- MHeNs School Institute for Mental Health and Neuroscience, GROW Institute for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Van de Velde
- Brussels IVF, Center for Reproductive Medicine, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Reproduction and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Sermon
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Blockeel
- Brussels IVF, Center for Reproductive Medicine, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Claudia Spits
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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Samir S. Human DNA Mutations and their Impact on Genetic Disorders. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2024; 18:288-315. [PMID: 37936448 DOI: 10.2174/0118722083255081231020055309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
DNA is a remarkably precise medium for copying and storing biological information. It serves as a design for cellular machinery that permits cells, organs, and even whole organisms to work. The fidelity of DNA replication results from the action of hundreds of genes involved in proofreading and damage repair. All human cells can acquire genetic changes in their DNA all over life. Genetic mutations are changes to the DNA sequence that happen during cell division when the cells make copies of themselves. Mutations in the DNA can cause genetic illnesses such as cancer, or they could help humans better adapt to their environment over time. The endogenous reactive metabolites, therapeutic medicines, and an excess of environmental mutagens, such as UV rays all continuously damage DNA, compromising its integrity. One or more chromosomal alterations and point mutations at a single site (monogenic mutation) including deletions, duplications, and inversions illustrate such DNA mutations. Genetic conditions can occur when an altered gene is inherited from parents, which increases the risk of developing that particular condition, or some gene alterations can happen randomly. Moreover, symptoms of genetic conditions depend on which gene has a mutation. There are many different diseases and conditions caused by mutations. Some of the most common genetic conditions are Alzheimer's disease, some cancers, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, and sickle cell disease. Interestingly, scientists find that DNA mutations are more common than formerly thought. This review outlines the main DNA mutations that occur along the human genome and their influence on human health. The subject of patents pertaining to DNA mutations and genetic disorders has been brought up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Samir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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Wang W, Zhao Y, Xu X, Ma X, Sun Y, Lin Y, Zhao Y, Xu Z, Wang J, Ren H, Wang B, Zhao D, Wang D, Liu F, Li W, Yan C, Ji K. A different pattern of clinical, muscle pathology and brain MRI findings in MELAS with mt-ND variants. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:1035-1045. [PMID: 37221696 PMCID: PMC10270267 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) caused by mitochondrial DNA-encoded complex I subunit (mt-ND) variants. METHODS In this retrospective study, the clinical, myopathological and brain MRI features of patients with MELAS caused by mt-ND variants (MELAS-mtND) were collected and compared with those of MELAS patients carrying the m.3243A > G variant (MELAS-A3243G). RESULT A total of 18 MELAS-mtND patients (female: 7; median age: 24.5 years) represented 15.9% (n = 113) of all patients with MELAS caused by mtDNA variants in our neuromuscular center from January 2012 to June 2022. In this MELAS-mtND cohort, the two most common variants were m.10191 T > C (4/18, 22.2%) and m.13513 G > A (3/18, 16.7%). The most frequent symptoms were seizures (14/18, 77.8%) and muscle weakness (11/18, 61.1%). Compared with 87 MELAS-A3243G patients, MELAS-mtND patients were significantly more likely to have a variant that was absent in blood cells (40% vs. 1.4%). Furthermore, MELAS-mtND patients had a significantly lower MDC score (7.8 ± 2.7 vs. 9.8 ± 1.9); less hearing loss (27.8% vs. 54.0%), diabetes (11.1% vs. 37.9%), and migraine (33.3% vs. 62.1%); less short stature (males ≤ 165 cm; females ≤ 155 cm; 23.1% vs. 60.8%) and higher body mass index (20.4 ± 2.5 vs. 17.8 ± 2.7). MELAS-mtND patients had significantly more normal muscle pathology (31.3% vs. 4.1%) and fewer RRFs/RBFs (62.5% vs. 91.9%), COX-deficient fibers/blue fibers (25.0% vs. 85.1%) and SSVs (50.0% vs. 81.1%). Moreover, brain MRI evaluated at the first stroke-like episode showed significantly more small cortical lesions in MELAS-mtND patients (66.7% vs. 12.2%). INTERPRETATION Our results suggested that MELAS-mtND patients have distinct clinical, myopathological and brain MRI features compared with MELAS-A3243G patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Xuebi Xu
- Department of NeurologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityNanbaixiang Street, Ouhai DistrictWenzhou325000China
| | - Xiaotian Ma
- Department of Medicine Experimental Center, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityQingdaoShandong266035China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of neurology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityQingdaoShandong266035China
| | - Yan Lin
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Hong Ren
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Bin Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
- Brain Science Research InstituteShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao)Shandong UniversityQingdaoShandong266035China
| | - Kunqian Ji
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012China
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Cosemans C, Wang C, Martens DS, Janssen BG, Vanpoucke C, Lefebvre W, Smeets K, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. In Utero Exposure to Air Pollutants and Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy in Neonates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:350-359. [PMID: 36516295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are sensitive to oxidative stress, which can be caused by traffic-related air pollution. Placental mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations have been previously linked with air pollution. However, the relationship between prenatal air pollution and cord-blood mtDNA mutations has been poorly understood. Therefore, we hypothesized that prenatal particulate matter (PM2.5) and NO2 exposures are associated with cord-blood mtDNA heteroplasmy. As part of the ENVIRONAGE cohort, 200 mother-newborn pairs were recruited. Cord-blood mitochondrial single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by whole mitochondrial genome sequencing, and heteroplasmy levels were evaluated based on the variant allele frequency (VAF). Outdoor PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations were determined by a high-resolution spatial-temporal interpolation method based on the maternal residential address. Distributed lag linear models were used to determine sensitive time windows for the association between NO2 exposure and cord-blood mtDNA heteroplasmy. A 5 μg/m3 increment in NO2 was linked with MT-D-Loop16311T>C heteroplasmy from gestational weeks 17-25. MT-CYTB14766C>T was negatively associated with NO2 exposure in mid pregnancy, from weeks 14-17, and positively associated in late pregnancy, from weeks 31-36. No significant associations were observed with prenatal PM2.5 exposure. This is the first study to show that prenatal NO2 exposure is associated with cord-blood mitochondrial mutations and suggests two critical windows of exposure in mid-to-late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Vanpoucke
- Belgian Interregional Environment Agency, IRCEL-CELINE, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wouter Lefebvre
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, VITO, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Arnst N, Redolfi N, Lia A, Bedetta M, Greotti E, Pizzo P. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Signaling and Bioenergetics in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3025. [PMID: 36551781 PMCID: PMC9775979 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a hereditary and sporadic neurodegenerative illness defined by the gradual and cumulative loss of neurons in specific brain areas. The processes that cause AD are still under investigation and there are no available therapies to halt it. Current progress puts at the forefront the "calcium (Ca2+) hypothesis" as a key AD pathogenic pathway, impacting neuronal, astrocyte and microglial function. In this review, we focused on mitochondrial Ca2+ alterations in AD, their causes and bioenergetic consequences in neuronal and glial cells, summarizing the possible mechanisms linking detrimental mitochondrial Ca2+ signals to neuronal death in different experimental AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Arnst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Nelly Redolfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Annamaria Lia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, Italian National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Martina Bedetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Greotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, Italian National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute, Italian National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy
- Study Centre for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
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8
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Cosemans C, Wang C, Alfano R, Martens DS, Sleurs H, Dockx Y, Vanbrabant K, Janssen BG, Vanpoucke C, Lefebvre W, Smeets K, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. In utero particulate matter exposure in association with newborn mitochondrial ND4L 10550A>G heteroplasmy and its role in overweight during early childhood. Environ Health 2022; 21:88. [PMID: 36117180 PMCID: PMC9484069 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play an important role in the energy metabolism and are susceptible to environmental pollution. Prenatal air pollution exposure has been linked with childhood obesity. Placental mtDNA mutations have been associated with prenatal particulate matter exposure and MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy has been associated with BMI in adults. Therefore, we hypothesized that in utero PM2.5 exposure is associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy and early life growth. In addition, the role of cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in overweight during early childhood is investigated. METHODS This study included 386 mother-newborn pairs. Outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were determined at the maternal residential address. Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was determined using Droplet Digital PCR. Associations were explored using logistic regression models and distributed lag linear models. Mediation analysis was performed to quantify the effects of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on childhood overweight mediated by cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy. RESULTS Prenatal PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with childhood overweight during the whole pregnancy (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.20 to 4.51; p = 0.01), which was mainly driven by the second trimester. In addition, prenatal PM2.5 exposure was associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy from gestational week 9 - 13. The largest effect was observed in week 10, where a 5 µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was linked with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87 to 0.99). Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was also linked with childhood overweight (OR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.15 to 7.50; p = 0.02). The effect of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on childhood overweight was mainly direct (total effect OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.36; natural direct effect OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.36)) and was not mediated by cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy. CONCLUSIONS Cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy was linked with childhood overweight. In addition, in utero exposure to PM2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in newborns. Our analysis did not reveal any mediation of cord blood MT-ND4L10550A>G heteroplasmy in the association between PM2.5 exposure and childhood overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rossella Alfano
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Sleurs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kenneth Vanbrabant
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Wouter Lefebvre
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, VITO, Mol, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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9
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Sangalli JR, Nociti RP, Del Collado M, Sampaio RV, da Silveira JC, Perecin F, Smith LC, Ross PJ, Meirelles FV. Characterization of histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation in bovine tissues, cells, and cumulus-oocyte complexes. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:375-398. [PMID: 35802460 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Besides their canonical roles as energy sources, short-chain fatty acids act as metabolic regulators of gene expression through histone posttranslational modifications. Ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) causes a novel epigenetic modification, histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb), which is associated with genes upregulated in starvation-responsive metabolic pathways. Dairy cows increase BHB in early lactation, and the effects of this increase on cellular epigenomes are unknown. We searched for and identified that Kbhb is present in bovine tissues in vivo and confirmed that this epigenetic mark is responsive to BHB in bovine and human fibroblasts cultured in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes with high concentrations of BHB did not affect the competence to complete meiotic maturation or to develop until the blastocyst stage. BHB treatment strongly induced H3K9bhb in cumulus cells, but faintly in oocytes. RNA-seq analysis in cumulus cells indicated that BHB treatment altered the expression of 345 genes. The downregulated genes were mainly involved in glycolysis and ribosome assembly pathways, while the upregulated genes were involved in mitochondrial metabolism and oocyte development. The genes and pathways altered by BHB will provide entry points to carry out functional experiments aiming to mitigate metabolic disorders and improve fertility in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano R Sangalli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maite Del Collado
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Vilar Sampaio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale (CRRA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juliano C da Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Charles Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale (CRRA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Flávio V Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Amor H, Hammadeh ME. A Systematic Review of the Impact of Mitochondrial Variations on Male Infertility. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071182. [PMID: 35885965 PMCID: PMC9325252 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
According to current estimates, infertility affects one in four couples trying to conceive. Primary or secondary infertility can be due either to both partners or only to the man or the woman. Up to 15% of infertility cases in men can be attributed to genetic factors that can lead to irreversible partial or complete spermatogenic arrest. The increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has provided not only insights into the causes of male infertility but also afforded a diagnostic tool to detect and manage this condition among couples. Genes control a variety of physiological attributes, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, development, and germ cell differentiation. In the era of ART, it is important to understand the genetic basis of infertility so as to provide the most tailored therapy and counseling to couples. Genetic factors involved in male infertility can be chromosome abnormalities or single-gene disorders, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, Y-chromosome deletions, multifactorial disorders, imprinting disorders, or endocrine disorders of genetic origin. In this review, we discuss the role of mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome as an indicator of sperm quality and fertility.
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11
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Vilne B, Sawant A, Rudaka I. Examining the Association between Mitochondrial Genome Variation and Coronary Artery Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030516. [PMID: 35328073 PMCID: PMC8953999 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, collectively, these explain <20% of the heritability. Hypothesis: Here, we hypothesize that mitochondrial (MT)-SNVs might present one potential source of this “missing heritability”. Methods: We analyzed 265 MT-SNVs in ~500,000 UK Biobank individuals, exploring two different CAD definitions: a more stringent (myocardial infarction and/or revascularization; HARD = 20,405), and a more inclusive (angina and chronic ischemic heart disease; SOFT = 34,782). Results: In HARD cases, the most significant (p < 0.05) associations were for m.295C>T (control region) and m.12612A>G (ND5), found more frequently in cases (OR = 1.05), potentially related to reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in response to exercise, as well as for m.12372G>A (ND5) and m.11467A>G (ND4), present more frequently in controls (OR = 0.97), previously associated with lower ROS production rate. In SOFT cases, four MT-SNVs survived multiple testing corrections (at FDR < 5%), all potentially conferring increased CAD risk. Of those, m.11251A>G (ND4) and m.15452C>A (CYB) have previously shown significant associations with body height. In line with this, we observed that CAD cases were slightly less physically active, and their average body height was ~2.00 cm lower compared to controls; both traits are known to be related to increased CAD risk. Gene-based tests identified CO2 associated with HARD/SOFT CAD, whereas ND3 and CYB associated with SOFT cases (p < 0.05), dysfunction of which has been related to MT oxidative stress, obesity/T2D (CO2), BMI (ND3), and angina/exercise intolerance (CYB). Finally, we observed that macro-haplogroup I was significantly (p < 0.05) more frequent in HARD cases vs. controls (3.35% vs. 3.08%), potentially associated with response to exercise. Conclusions: We found only spurious associations between MT genome variation and HARD/SOFT CAD and conclude that more MT-SNV data in even larger study cohorts may be needed to conclusively determine the role of MT DNA in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiba Vilne
- Bioinformatics Lab, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Aniket Sawant
- Bioinformatics Lab, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Irina Rudaka
- Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
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12
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Aboulmaouahib B, Kastenmüller G, Suhre K, Zöllner S, Weissensteiner H, Gieger C, Wang-Sattler R, Lichtner P, Strauch K, Flaquer A. First mitochondrial genome wide association study with metabolomics. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:3367-3376. [PMID: 34718574 PMCID: PMC9523559 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of personalized medicine with more and more patient-specific targeted therapies being used, we need reliable, dynamic, faster and sensitive biomarkers both to track the causes of disease and to develop and evolve therapies during the course of treatment. Metabolomics recently has shown substantial evidence to support its emerging role in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Aside from biomarkers and development of therapies, it is also an important goal to understand the involvement of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in metabolic regulation, aging and disease development. Somatic mutations of the mitochondrial genome are also heavily implicated in age-related disease and aging. The general hypothesis is that an alteration in the concentration of metabolite profiles (possibly conveyed by lifestyle and environmental factors) influences the increase of mutation rate in the mtDNA and thereby contributes to a range of pathophysiological alterations observed in complex diseases. We performed an inverted mitochondrial genome-wide association analysis between mitochondrial nucleotide variants (mtSNVs) and concentration of metabolites. We used 151 metabolites and the whole sequenced mitochondrial genome from 2718 individuals to identify the genetic variants associated with metabolite profiles. Because of the high coverage, next-generation sequencing-based analysis of the mitochondrial genome allows for an accurate detection of mitochondrial heteroplasmy and for the identification of variants associated with the metabolome. The strongest association was found for mt715G > A located in the MT-12SrRNA with the metabolite ratio of C2/C10:1 (P-value = 6.82*10−09, β = 0.909). The second most significant mtSNV was found for mt3714A > G located in the MT-ND1 with the metabolite ratio of phosphatidylcholine (PC) ae C42:5/PC ae C44:5 (P-value = 1.02*10−08, β = 3.631). A large number of significant metabolite ratios were observed involving PC aa C36:6 and the variant mt10689G > A, located in the MT-ND4L gene. These results show an important interconnection between mitochondria and metabolite concentrations. Considering that some of the significant metabolites found in this study have been previously related to complex diseases, such as neurological disorders and metabolic conditions, these associations found here might play a crucial role for further investigations of such complex diseases. Understanding the mechanisms that control human health and disease, in particular, the role of genetic predispositions and their interaction with environmental factors is a prerequisite for the development of safe and efficient therapies for complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Aboulmaouahib
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology - IBE, LMU, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, State of Qatar
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology - IBE, LMU, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antònia Flaquer
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology - IBE, LMU, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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13
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Dahadhah FW, Saleh Jaweesh M, Al Zoubi MS, Issam Abu Alarjah M, Hammadeh ME, Amor H. Lack of association between single polymorphic variants of the mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase 3, and 4L (MT-ND3 and MT-ND4L) and male infertility. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14139. [PMID: 34120353 DOI: 10.1111/and.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial condition associated with different genetic abnormalities in at least 15%-30% of cases. The purpose of this study was to identify suspected correlations between infertility and polymorphisms in mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunits 3 and 4L (MT-ND3 and MT-ND4L) in subfertile male spermatozoa. Sanger sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA target genes was performed on 68 subfertile and 44 fertile males. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MT-ND3 (rs2853826, rs28435660, rs193302927, rs28358278, rs41467651, rs3899188, rs28358277 and rs28673954) and seven SNPs in MT-ND4L (rs28358280, rs28358281, rs28358279, rs2853487, rs2853488, rs193302933 and rs28532881) were detected and genotyped. The genotypes and allele frequencies of the study population have shown a lack of statistically significant association between MT-ND3 and MT-ND4L SNPs and male infertility. However, no statistically significant association was found between the asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, teratozoospermia, asthenoteratozoospermia, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and oligoteratozoospermia subgroups of subfertile males. However, rs28358278 genotype of the MT-ND3 gene was reported in the subfertile group but not in the fertile group, which implies a possible role of this SNP in male infertility. In conclusion, the investigated polymorphic variants in the MT-ND3 and MT-ND4L genes did not show any significant association with the occurrence of male infertility. Further studies are required to evaluate these findings. Moreover, the subfertile individuals who exhibit a polymorphism at rs28358278 require further monitoring and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatina W Dahadhah
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mayyas Saleh Jaweesh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Manal Issam Abu Alarjah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohamad Eid Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Houda Amor
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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14
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Nguyen LT, Hoang DM, Nguyen KT, Bui DM, Nguyen HT, Le HTA, Hoang VT, Bui HTH, Dam PTM, Hoang XTA, Ngo ATL, Le HM, Phung NY, Vu DM, Duong TT, Nguyen TD, Ha LT, Bui HTP, Nguyen HK, Heke M, Bui AV. Type 2 diabetes mellitus duration and obesity alter the efficacy of autologously transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1266-1278. [PMID: 34080789 PMCID: PMC8380443 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) represent promising stem cell therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the results of autologous BM-MSC administration in T2DM patients are contradictory. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that autologous BM-MSC administration in T2DM patient is safe and that the efficacy of the treatment is dependant on the quality of the autologous BM-MSC population and administration routes. T2DM patients were enrolled, randomly assigned (1:1) by a computer-based system into the intravenous and dorsal pancreatic arterial groups. The safety was assessed in all the treated patients, and the efficacy was evaluated based on the absolute changes in the hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, and C-peptide levels throughout the 12-month follow-up. Our data indicated that autologous BM-MSC administration was well tolerated in 30 T2DM patients. Short-term therapeutic effects were observed in patients with T2DM duration of <10 years and a body mass index <23, which is in line with the phenotypic analysis of the autologous BM-MSC population. T2DM duration directly altered the proliferation rate of BM-MSCs, abrogated the glycolysis and mitochondria respiration of BM-MSCs, and induced the accumulation of mitochondria DNA mutation. Our data suggest that autologous administration of BM-MSCs in the treatment of T2DM should be performed in patients with T2DM duration <10 years and no obesity. Prior to further confirming the effects of T2DM on BM-MSC biology, future work with a larger cohort focusing on patients with different T2DM history is needed to understand the mechanism underlying our observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc M Hoang
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kien T Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc M Bui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hieu T Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hong T A Le
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van T Hoang
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hue T H Bui
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T M Dam
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan T A Hoang
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh T L Ngo
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hang M Le
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nhi Y Phung
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc M Vu
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung T Duong
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu D Nguyen
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lien T Ha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoa T P Bui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoa K Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Michael Heke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Anh V Bui
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
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15
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Brunst KJ, Zhang L, Zhang X, Baccarelli AA, Bloomquist T, Wright RJ. Associations Between Maternal Lifetime Stress and Placental Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in an Urban Multiethnic Cohort. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:570-578. [PMID: 33229036 PMCID: PMC7889635 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disrupted placental functioning due to stress can have lifelong implications. Cumulative stress and trauma are likely to have lasting impacts on maternal physiological functioning and offspring development, resulting in increased risk for later-life complex disorders for which racial disparities exist. METHODS This study examined the association between maternal lifetime stress and placental mitochondrial DNA mutational load in an urban multiethnic cohort. Maternal lifetime exposure to stressful events was assessed using the validated Life Stressor Checklist-Revised. Whole mitochondrial DNA sequencing was performed and mutations were determined for 365 placenta samples with complete exposure and covariate data. Multivariable regression was used to model maternal lifetime stress in relation to placental mitochondrial DNA mutational load. Racial/ethnic differences were examined by cross-product terms and contrast statements. Gene-wise analyses were conducted. RESULTS We identified 13,189 heteroplasmies (Phred score > 10,000, minor allele frequency < 0.5, number of mutant reads > 1). Women experiencing increased psychosocial stress over their lifetime exhibited a higher number of total placental mitochondrial mutations (β = .23, 95% confidence interval = .03 to .42) and heteroplasmic mutations (β = .18, 95% confidence interval = .05 to .31) but not homoplasmic mutations (β = -.008, 95% confidence interval = -.03 to .01); the strongest associations were observed among Black women and genes coding for NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase subunits. CONCLUSIONS Cumulative maternal lifetime stress is associated with a greater mitochondrial mutational load, particularly among Black women. The impact of racial/ethnic differences in mutational load on placental function directly affecting offspring development and/or leading to chronic disease disparities warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J. Brunst
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Li Zhang
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Xiang Zhang
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 722 West 168 Street, New York, NY 10032
| | - Tessa Bloomquist
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 722 West 168 Street, New York, NY 10032
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
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16
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Dashti M, Alsaleh H, Eaaswarkhanth M, John SE, Nizam R, Melhem M, Hebbar P, Sharma P, Al-Mulla F, Thanaraj TA. Delineation of Mitochondrial DNA Variants From Exome Sequencing Data and Association of Haplogroups With Obesity in Kuwait. Front Genet 2021; 12:626260. [PMID: 33659027 PMCID: PMC7920096 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.626260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Whole-exome sequencing is a valuable tool to determine genetic variations that are associated with rare and common health conditions. A limited number of studies demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA can be captured using whole-exome sequencing. Previous studies have suggested that mitochondrial DNA variants and haplogroup lineages are associated with obesity. Therefore, we investigated the role of mitochondrial variants and haplogroups contributing to the risk of obesity in Arabs in Kuwait using exome sequencing data. SUBJECTS/METHODS Indirect mitochondrial genomes were extracted from exome sequencing data from 288 unrelated native Arab individuals from Kuwait. The cohort was divided into obese [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2] and non-obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) groups. Mitochondrial variants were identified, and haplogroups were classified and compared with other sequencing technologies. Statistical analysis was performed to determine associations and identify mitochondrial variants and haplogroups affecting obesity. RESULTS Haplogroup R showed a protective effect on obesity [odds ratio (OR) = 0.311; P = 0.006], whereas haplogroup L individuals were at high risk of obesity (OR = 2.285; P = 0.046). Significant differences in mitochondrial variants between the obese and non-obese groups were mainly haplogroup-defining mutations and were involved in processes in energy generation. The majority of mitochondrial variants and haplogroups extracted from exome were in agreement with technical replica from Sanger and whole-genome sequencing. CONCLUSIONS This is the first to utilize whole-exome data to extract entire mitochondrial haplogroups to study its association with obesity in an Arab population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dashti
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hussain Alsaleh
- Kuwait Identification DNA Laboratory, General Department of Criminal Evidence, Ministry of Interior, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Sumi Elsa John
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rasheeba Nizam
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Motasem Melhem
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Prashantha Hebbar
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Prem Sharma
- Department Special Services Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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17
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Dashti M, Alsaleh H, Rodriguez-Flores JL, Eaaswarkhanth M, Al-Mulla F, Thanaraj TA. Mitochondrial haplogroup J associated with higher risk of obesity in the Qatari population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1091. [PMID: 33441698 PMCID: PMC7806807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a major risk factor for metabolic disorders, is highly prevalent in Qatari population. Maternal transmission of obesity traits can be significant; for example, X haplogroup is known to be associated with lower BMI and body fat mass in Northern Europeans and T haplogroup which is a sister haplogroup of J is known to be associated with obesity in Caucasian subjects from Austria and Southern Italy. We aimed to delineate the mitochondrial haplogroups and variants associated with obesity in Qatari population. Mitochondrial genomes of 864 Qatari individuals were extracted from whole exome sequencing data with an average coverage of 77X. We distributed the participants into 2 sub-cohorts: obese (BMI ≥ 30) and non-obese (BMI < 30); the mean value of BMI from these two groups were 36.5 ± 5.7 and 26.5 ± 2.6, respectively. Mitochondrial haplogroup profiling followed by uni- and multivariant association tests adjusted for covariates were performed. Qatari individuals with mitochondrial haplogroup J had an increased (twofold) risk of obesity (odds ratio [OR] 1.925; 95% CI 1.234–3.002; P = 0.0038; the Bonferroni adjusted P value threshold is 0.0041), whereas the individuals with haplogroup X were at low risk of obesity (OR 0.387; 95% CI 0.175–0.857; P = 0.019). Further, a set of 38 mitochondrial variants were found to be associated (at P ≤ 0.05) with obesity in models adjusted for age, sex and haplogroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dashti
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hussain Alsaleh
- Kuwait Identification DNA Laboratory, General Department of Criminal Evidence, Ministry of Interior, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | | | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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18
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Ludwig-Słomczyńska AH, Seweryn MT, Kapusta P, Pitera E, Handelman SK, Mantaj U, Cyganek K, Gutaj P, Dobrucka Ł, Wender-Ożegowska E, Małecki MT, Wołkow PP. Mitochondrial GWAS and association of nuclear - mitochondrial epistasis with BMI in T1DM patients. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:97. [PMID: 32635923 PMCID: PMC7341625 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BMI is a strong indicator of complications from type I diabetes, especially under intensive treatment. METHODS We have genotyped 435 type 1 diabetics using Illumina Infinium Omni Express Exome-8 v1.4 arrays and performed mitoGWAS on BMI. We identified additive interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear variants in genes associated with mitochondrial functioning MitoCarta2.0 and confirmed and refined the results on external cohorts: the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and GTEx data. Linear mixed model analysis was performed using the GENESIS package in R/Bioconductor. RESULTS We find a borderline significant association between the mitochondrial variant rs28357980, localized to MT-ND2, and BMI (β = - 0.69, p = 0.056). This BMI association was confirmed on 1889 patients from FHS cohort (β = - 0.312, p = 0.047). Next, we searched for additive interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear variants. MT-ND2 variants interacted with variants in the genes SIRT3, ATP5B, CYCS, TFB2M and POLRMT. TFB2M is a mitochondrial transcription factor and together with TFAM creates a transcription promoter complex for the mitochondrial polymerase POLRMT. We have found an interaction between rs3021088 in MT-ND2 and rs6701836 in TFB2M leading to BMI decrease (inter_pval = 0.0241), while interaction of rs3021088 in MT-ND2 and rs41542013 in POLRMT led to BMI increase (inter_pval = 0.0004). The influence of these interactions on BMI was confirmed in external cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Here, we have shown that variants in the mitochondrial genome as well as additive interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear SNPs influence BMI in T1DM and general cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał T Seweryn
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Przemysław Kapusta
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Pitera
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Samuel K Handelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Urszula Mantaj
- Division of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cyganek
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Gutaj
- Division of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łucja Dobrucka
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Maciej T Małecki
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Kraków, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł P Wołkow
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
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19
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Gewehr MCF, Silverio R, Rosa-Neto JC, Lira FS, Reckziegel P, Ferro ES. Peptides from Natural or Rationally Designed Sources Can Be Used in Overweight, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes Therapies. Molecules 2020; 25:E1093. [PMID: 32121443 PMCID: PMC7179135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are among the most prominent health problems in the modern world, mostly because they are either associated with or increase the risk of other diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and/or cancer. Most professional organizations define overweight and obesity according to individual body-mass index (BMI, weight in kilograms divided by height squared in meters). Overweight is defined as individuals with BMI from 25 to 29, and obesity as individuals with BMI ≥30. Obesity is the result of genetic, behavioral, environmental, physiological, social, and cultural factors that result in energy imbalance and promote excessive fat deposition. Despite all the knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of obesity, which is considered a disease, none of the existing treatments alone or in combination can normalize blood glucose concentration and prevent debilitating complications from obesity. This review discusses some new perspectives for overweight and obesity treatments, including the use of the new orally active cannabinoid peptide Pep19, the advantage of which is the absence of undesired central nervous system effects usually experienced with other cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara C. F. Gewehr
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Renata Silverio
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - José Cesar Rosa-Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Fabio S. Lira
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia Reckziegel
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pharmacology and Molecular Biology (INFAR), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Emer S. Ferro
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
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20
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Eaaswarkhanth M, Melhem M, Sharma P, Nizam R, Al Madhoun A, Chaubey G, Alsmadi O, AlOzairi E, Al-Mulla F. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequencing reveals obesity variants in an Arab population. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2019; 12:63-70. [PMID: 31213875 PMCID: PMC6541754 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s198593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background: The association of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations with obesity has been investigated in diverse populations across the world. However, such obesity-associated mtDNA examinations are rarely conducted in Arab populations. Materials and methods: We re-sequenced mtDNA displacement loop (D-loop) region of 395 Arab individuals of Kuwait. We categorized the individuals based on their BMI scores as obese (n=232; BMI ≥30 kg/m2), overweight (n=110; BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and <30 kg/m2), and lean (n=53; BMI <25 kg/m2). We performed all the statistical tests by combining obese and overweight individuals in one group. Association analyses were conducted applying Fisher's exact test and logistic regression model. Results: We identified that the mtDNA variations m.73A>G, and m.523delAC were positively correlated with obesity, while m.310T>C, and m.16318A>T were negatively associated. All these variants, except m.16318A>T, remain statistically significant after adjusting for age and gender. We found that the variant m.73A>G increases the likelihood of being obese by 6-fold, whereas haplogroup H decreases the probability of being obese in Arab individuals of Kuwait. Haplotype analysis revealed that a haplotype, A263G-C309CT-T310C, defining the H2a clade of H haplogroup, reduces the probability of being obese. Conclusion: Our study reports, for the first time, the obesity-related mtDNA variants in Arabs of Kuwait. Based on the mtDNA D-loop region variations, we detected particular variants and haplogroup that are related with increased and decreased probability of being obese in the Kuwait Arab population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Motasem Melhem
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Prem Sharma
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Rasheeba Nizam
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Gyaneshwer Chaubey
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Osama Alsmadi
- Department of Cell Therapy & Applied Genomics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ebaa AlOzairi
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
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21
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Pescatello LS, Parducci P, Livingston J, Taylor BA. A Systematically Assembled Signature of Genes to be Deep-Sequenced for Their Associations with the Blood Pressure Response to Exercise. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040295. [PMID: 30979034 PMCID: PMC6523684 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
: Background: Exercise is one of the best nonpharmacologic therapies to treat hypertension. The blood pressure (BP) response to exercise is heritable. Yet, the genetic basis for the antihypertensive effects of exercise remains elusive. Methods: To assemble a prioritized gene signature, we performed a systematic review with a series of Boolean searches in PubMed (including Medline) from earliest coverage. The inclusion criteria were human genes in major BP regulatory pathways reported to be associated with: (1) the BP response to exercise; (2) hypertension in genome-wide association studies (GWAS); (3) the BP response to pharmacotherapy; (4a) physical activity and/or obesity in GWAS; and (4b) BP, physical activity, and/or obesity in non-GWAS. Included GWAS reports disclosed the statistically significant thresholds used for multiple testing. Results: The search yielded 1422 reports. Of these, 57 trials qualified from which we extracted 11 genes under criteria 1, 18 genes under criteria 2, 28 genes under criteria 3, 27 genes under criteria 4a, and 29 genes under criteria 4b. We also included 41 genes identified from our previous work. Conclusions: Deep-sequencing the exons of this systematically assembled signature of genes represents a cost and time efficient approach to investigate the genomic basis for the antihypertensive effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Paul Parducci
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Jill Livingston
- Homer Babbidge Library, Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Beth A Taylor
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Preventive Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06269, USA.
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22
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Mao X, Shi Y, Liang X, Cai M, Yang X, Chen S, Jia X, Wang J, Hu S, Lai S. Genetic diversities of MT-ND3 and MT-ND4L genes are associated with high-altitude adaptation. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1544040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Mao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohu Liang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingcheng Cai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Qasim A, Turcotte M, de Souza RJ, Samaan MC, Champredon D, Dushoff J, Speakman JR, Meyre D. On the origin of obesity: identifying the biological, environmental and cultural drivers of genetic risk among human populations. Obes Rev 2018; 19:121-149. [PMID: 29144594 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition to obesity presents a paradox: how do genetic variants with a detrimental impact on human health persist through evolutionary time? Numerous hypotheses, such as the thrifty genotype hypothesis, attempt to explain this phenomenon yet fail to provide a justification for the modern obesity epidemic. In this critical review, we appraise existing theories explaining the evolutionary origins of obesity and explore novel biological and sociocultural agents of evolutionary change to help explain the modern-day distribution of obesity-predisposing variants. Genetic drift, acting as a form of 'blind justice,' may randomly affect allele frequencies across generations while gene pleiotropy and adaptations to diverse environments may explain the rise and subsequent selection of obesity risk alleles. As an adaptive response, epigenetic regulation of gene expression may impact the manifestation of genetic predisposition to obesity. Finally, exposure to malnutrition and disease epidemics in the wake of oppressive social systems, culturally mediated notions of attractiveness and desirability, and diverse mating systems may play a role in shaping the human genome. As an important first step towards the identification of important drivers of obesity gene evolution, this review may inform empirical research focused on testing evolutionary theories by way of population genetics and mathematical modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Qasim
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Turcotte
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - R J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M C Samaan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D Champredon
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Agent-Based Modelling Laboratory, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Dushoff
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J R Speakman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - D Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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24
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Venter M, van der Westhuizen FH, Elson JL. The aetiology of cardiovascular disease: a role for mitochondrial DNA? Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 29:122-132. [PMID: 28906532 PMCID: PMC6009096 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2017-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a world-wide cause of mortality in humans and its incidence is on the rise in Africa. In this review, we discuss the putative role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the aetiology of CVD and consequently identify mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation as a viable genetic risk factor to be considered. We then describe the contribution and pitfalls of several current approaches used when investigating mtDNA in relation to complex disease. We also propose an alternative approach, the adjusted mutational load hypothesis, which would have greater statistical power with cohorts of moderate size, and is less likely to be affected by population stratification. We therefore address some of the shortcomings of the current haplogroup association approach. Finally, we discuss the unique challenges faced by studies done on African populations, and recommend the most viable methods to use when investigating mtDNA variation in CVD and other common complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Venter
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | | | - Joanna L Elson
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-wei Sheu
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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26
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Ristov S, Brajkovic V, Cubric-Curik V, Michieli I, Curik I. MaGelLAn 1.0: a software to facilitate quantitative and population genetic analysis of maternal inheritance by combination of molecular and pedigree information. Genet Sel Evol 2016; 48:65. [PMID: 27613390 PMCID: PMC5018160 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-016-0242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of genes or even nucleotides that are responsible for quantitative and adaptive trait variation is a difficult task due to the complex interdependence between a large number of genetic and environmental factors. The polymorphism of the mitogenome is one of the factors that can contribute to quantitative trait variation. However, the effects of the mitogenome have not been comprehensively studied, since large numbers of mitogenome sequences and recorded phenotypes are required to reach the adequate power of analysis. Current research in our group focuses on acquiring the necessary mitochondria sequence information and analysing its influence on the phenotype of a quantitative trait. To facilitate these tasks we have produced software for processing pedigrees that is optimised for maternal lineage analysis. Results We present MaGelLAn 1.0 (maternal genealogy lineage analyser), a suite of four Python scripts (modules) that is designed to facilitate the analysis of the impact of mitogenome polymorphism on quantitative trait variation by combining molecular and pedigree information. MaGelLAn 1.0 is primarily used to: (1) optimise the sampling strategy for molecular analyses; (2) identify and correct pedigree inconsistencies; and (3) identify maternal lineages and assign the corresponding mitogenome sequences to all individuals in the pedigree, this information being used as input to any of the standard software for quantitative genetic (association) analysis. In addition, MaGelLAn 1.0 allows computing the mitogenome (maternal) effective population sizes and probability of mitogenome (maternal) identity that are useful for conservation management of small populations. Conclusions MaGelLAn is the first tool for pedigree analysis that focuses on quantitative genetic analyses of mitogenome data. It is conceived with the purpose to significantly reduce the effort in handling and preparing large pedigrees for processing the information linked to maternal lines. The software source code, along with the manual and the example files can be downloaded at http://lissp.irb.hr/software/magellan-1-0/ and https://github.com/sristov/magellan. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12711-016-0242-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Strahil Ristov
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vladimir Brajkovic
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Cubric-Curik
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Michieli
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ino Curik
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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27
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Mitochondrial gene expression profiles are associated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Placenta 2016; 45:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Zhang X, Wang K, Wang L, Yang Y, Ni Z, Xie X, Shao X, Han J, Wan D, Qiu Q. Genome-wide patterns of copy number variation in the Chinese yak genome. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:379. [PMID: 27206476 PMCID: PMC4875690 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Copy number variation (CNV) represents an important source of genetic divergence that can produce drastic phenotypic differences and may therefore be subject to selection during domestication and environmental adaptation. To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of CNV in the yak genome, we used a read depth approach to detect CNV based on genome resequencing data from 14 wild and 65 domestic yaks and determined CNV regions related to domestication and adaptations to high-altitude. Results We identified 2,634 CNV regions (CNVRs) comprising a total of 153 megabases (5.7 % of the yak genome) and 3,879 overlapping annotated genes. Comparison between domestic and wild yak populations identified 121 potentially selected CNVRs, harboring genes related to neuronal development, reproduction, nutrition and energy metabolism. In addition, we found 85 CNVRs that are significantly different between domestic yak living in high- and low-altitude areas, including three genes related to hypoxia response and six related to immune defense. This analysis shows that genic CNVs may play an important role in phenotypic changes during yak domestication and adaptation to life at high-altitude. Conclusions We present the first refined CNV map for yak along with comprehensive genomic analysis of yak CNV. Our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of yak domestication and adaptation to living in a high-altitude environment, as well as a valuable genetic resource that will facilitate future CNV association studies of important traits in yak and other bovid species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2702-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhengqiang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiuyue Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuemin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dongshi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Qiang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, College of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular oxidative stress and genetic susceptibility have been implicated in the multifactorial etiology of ulcerative colitis (UC). The nuclear genome association with UC has been intensely investigated, but the role of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has received far less attention and may account for part of the missing heritability. This study is a comprehensive analysis of the mtDNA contribution to UC susceptibility. METHODS The association of mitochondrial single-nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) and haplogroups with UC was tested in 488 cases and 833 controls of European ancestry from the NIDDK IBD Genetics Consortium Ulcerative Colitis Genome-Wide Association Study available through dbGaP and from the Illumina Genotype Control Database (studies 64 and 65). RESULTS No evidence of population stratification could be detected using 218 ancestry informative markers for European Americans. Seven of the 58 tested mtSNPs were nominally associated with UC, and A10550G in MT-ND4L withstands the Bonferroni correction (P = 1.29E-06, odds ratio [ORG] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 4.80 [2.54-9.05], 10550G allele: 8.1% of patients and 1.9% of controls). A10550G remains equally associated after conditional analyses on the 11 UC genome-wide association studies (GWAS) top SNPs (6.35E-07 < Pcond < 4.58E-06), which suggests that it constitutes an independent risk factor from nuclear-encoded susceptibility loci. We detected additive (but not multiplicative) epistatic interactions between A10550G and all 11 top GWAS hits. Subhaplogroup K1 (P = 0.021, OR [95% CI] = 1.71 [1.08-2.69]) increased the risk for UC, whereas the U5b lineage conferred protection (P = 0.016, OR [95% CI] = 0.34 [0.14-0.82]). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that UC has a dual mitochondrial and nuclear genetic control that warrants further replication in independent data sets and reinforces its etiopathogenic complexity.
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30
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Flaquer A, Rospleszcz S, Reischl E, Zeilinger S, Prokisch H, Meitinger T, Meisinger C, Peters A, Waldenberger M, Grallert H, Strauch K. Mitochondrial GWA Analysis of Lipid Profile Identifies Genetic Variants to Be Associated with HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126294. [PMID: 25945934 PMCID: PMC4422732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction has an influence on lipid metabolism. The fact that mitochondrial defects can be accumulated over time as a normal part of aging may explain why cholesterol levels often are altered with age. To test the hypothesis whether mitochondrial variants are associated with lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides) we analyzed a total number of 978 mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) in a sample of 2,815 individuals participating in the population-based KORA F4 study. To assess mtSNP association while taking the presence of heteroplasmy into account we used the raw signal intensity values measured on the microarray and applied linear regression. Ten mtSNPs (mt3285, mt3336, mt5285, mt6591, mt6671, mt9163, mt13855, mt13958, mt14000, and mt14580) were significantly associated with HDL cholesterol and one mtSNP (mt15074) with triglycerides levels. These results highlight the importance of the mitochondrial genome among the factors that contribute to the regulation of lipid levels. Focusing on mitochondrial variants may lead to further insights regarding the underlying physiological mechanisms, or even to the development of innovative treatments. Since this is the first mitochondrial genome-wide association analysis (mtGWAS) for lipid profile, further analyses are needed to follow up on the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antònia Flaquer
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Rospleszcz
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva Reischl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Zeilinger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Acosta A, Camilleri M, Shin A, Vazquez-Roque MI, Iturrino J, Lanza IR, Nair KS, Burton D, O'Neill J, Eckert D, Carlson P, Vella A, Zinsmeister AR. Association of UCP-3 rs1626521 with obesity and stomach functions in humans. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:898-906. [PMID: 25755013 PMCID: PMC4380685 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of gene variants of uncoupling proteins (UCP)-2 and -3 with obesity and gastrointestinal (GI) traits. METHODS In 255 overweight or obese adults, the associations of gene variants in UCP-2 (-3474, rs659366) and UCP-3 (rs1626521, rs2075577, rs15763) with body weight (BW) and GI traits were studied. Gene variants were genotyped by TaqMan® assay. The associations of genotypes with BW and GI traits (gastric emptying, gastric volume, satiety by buffet meal, satiation by nutrient drink test and GI hormones) were assessed using ANOVA corrected for false detection rate (FDR). RESULTS A novel UCP-3 gene variant, rs1626521, was identified; it was associated with BW (P = 0.039), waist circumference (P = 0.035), and significantly higher postprandial gastric volume (P = 0.003) and calories ingested at buffet meal (P = 0.006, both significant with FDR). In a subgroup of 11 participants, rs1626521 was also associated with reduced mitochondrial bioenergetics efficiency in skeletal muscle (P = 0.051). In an in vitro study in HEK293 cells, rs1626521 reduced UCP-3 protein expression (P = 0.049). Associations detected between other genotypes and GI traits were nonsignificant with FDR. CONCLUSIONS A newly identified functional variant (rs1626521) in UCP-3 affects postprandial gastric functions and satiety and may contribute to weight gain and alter human mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Acosta
- Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Mitochondrial genetic variants identified to be associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e524. [PMID: 25756807 PMCID: PMC4354348 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that mitochondrial dysfunctions are increasingly recognized as key components in stress-related mental disorders, very little is known about the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mitochondrial variants. To identify susceptibility mitochondrial genes for PTSD, we analyzed a total number of 978 mitochondrial single-nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) in a sample of 1238 individuals participating in the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) study. Participants were classified with 'no PTSD', 'partial PTSD' or 'full PTSD' by applying the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and the Impact of Event Scale. To assess PTSD-mtSNP association while taking heteroplasmy into account, we used the raw signal intensity values measured on the microarray and applied linear regression. Significant associations were obtained between full versus no PTSD and two mtSNPs; mt8414C->T (β=-0.954±0.06, Padjusted=0.037) located in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase subunit 8 (MT-ATP8) and mt12501G->A (β=-1.782±0.40, Padjusted=0.015) located in the NADH dehydrogenase subunits 5 (MT-ND5). Heteroplasmy for the two variants towards a larger number of the respective minor alleles increases the risk of having PTSD. NADH dehydrogenase and ATP synthase are both linked to the regulation of reactive oxygen species. Our results highlight the important role of the mitochondrial genome among the factors that contribute to the risk of PTSD. Mitochondrial genetic variants may be more important than has previously been assumed, leading to further insights regarding effects of existing medications, or even to the development of innovative treatments. As this is the first mitochondrial genome-wide association study for PTSDs, further analyses are needed to follow up on the present findings.
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Abstract
The worldwide epidemic of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the last few decades cannot be fully accounted for only by changes in the lifestyle factors, such as sedentary lifestyle and overeating. Besides genetic factors, there must be other causes to explain this rapid change. They could not be infectious in nature and induce insulin resistance as key biochemical abnormality. Mitochondrial dysfunction could be underlying mechanism behind the insulin resistance, thus metabolic syndrome. Then there have been increasing number of reports suggesting that chronic exposure to and accumulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), especially so-called the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) within the body might be associated with metabolic syndrome. Combining two concepts, we developed new "EDCs-induced mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis of metabolic syndrome". In this review we suggest that classifying those chemicals into 5 groups might be clinically useful considering their removal or avoidance; POPs, non-persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, air pollutants and drugs. We will also discuss briefly how those insights could be applied to clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Taek Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
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