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Nytko AG, Senior JK, Wooliver RC, O'Reilly‐Wapstra J, Schweitzer JA, Bailey JK. An evolutionary case for plant rarity: Eucalyptus as a model system. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11440. [PMID: 38855318 PMCID: PMC11156952 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Species rarity is a common phenomenon across global ecosystems that is becoming increasingly more common under climate change. Although species rarity is often considered to be a stochastic response to environmental and ecological constraints, we examined the hypothesis that plant rarity is a consequence of natural selection acting on performance traits that affect a species range size, habitat specificity, and population aggregation; three primary descriptors of rarity. Using a common garden of 25 species of Tasmanian Eucalyptus, we find that the rarest species have 70% lower biomass than common species. Although rare species demonstrate lower biomass, rare species allocated proportionally more biomass aboveground than common species. There is also a negative phylogenetic autocorrelation underlying the biomass of rare and common species, indicating that traits associated with rarity have diverged within subgenera as a result of environmental factors to reach different associated optima. In support of our hypothesis, we found significant positive relationships between species biomass, range size and habitat specificity, but not population aggregation. These results demonstrate repeated convergent evolution of the trait-based determinants of rarity across the phylogeny in Tasmanian eucalypts. Furthermore, the phylogenetically driven patterns in biomass and biomass allocation seen in rare species may be representative of a larger plant strategy, not yet considered, but offering a mechanism as to how rare species continue to persist despite inherent constraints of small, specialized ranges and populations. These results suggest that if rarity can evolve and is related to plant traits such as biomass, rather than a random outcome of environmental constraints, we may need to revise conservation efforts in these and other rare species to reconsider the abiotic and biotic factors that underlie the distributions of rare plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alivia G. Nytko
- Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - John K. Senior
- Biological Sciences, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Rachel C. Wooliver
- Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
- Biosystems Engineering & Soil ScienceUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | | | | | - Joseph K. Bailey
- Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
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2
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Ulusoy E, Bozkurt A, Durmaz S, Servi H, Vardar F, Erisen S. Impact of silver nanoparticles on secondary metabolite composition and toxicity in anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) callus culture. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:362. [PMID: 38702604 PMCID: PMC11069286 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are numerous challenges associated with producing desired amounts of secondary metabolites (SMs), which are mostly unique and cannot be chemically synthesized. Many studies indicate that nanoparticles (NPs) can boost the production of SMs. Still, the precise manner in which NPs induce metabolic changes remains unidentified. This study examines the influence of eco-friendly silver NPs (AgNPs) on the chemical makeup and toxicity of Pimpinella anisum L. (anise). RESULTS AgNPs were introduced into anise callus cultures at different concentrations (0, 1.0, 5.0, 10, and 20 mg/L). The induced oxidative stress was tracked over intervals of 7, 14, 28, and 35 days. Chemical composition evaluations were carried out on the 35th day. Within the first 14 days, plant stress was evident, though the plant adapted to the stress later on. Notably, the plant showed high tolerance at 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L concentrations despite increased toxicity levels. However, relatively high toxicity levels were identified at 10 and 20 mg/L. The AgNP-induced stress significantly impacted anise SMs, particularly affecting fatty acid content. In the 10 and 20 mg/L AgNP groups, essential metabolites, including palmitic and linoleic acid, showed a significant increase. Polyunsaturated (omega) and monounsaturated fatty acids, vital for the food and pharmaceutical industries, saw substantial growth in the 1 and 5 mg/L AgNP groups. For the first time, vanillyl alcohol and 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid were detected along with various phenolic compounds, such as t-anethole, Salicylic acid, and Thiamazole. CONCLUSION AgNPs can function as an elicitor to efficiently generate essential SMs such as omegas and phenolic compounds in anise callus culture. This study explores the application of AgNPs as plant elicitors in anise SM production, offering invaluable insight into potential uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Ulusoy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Uskudar University, P. O. Box 34662, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Aysenur Bozkurt
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Uskudar University, P. O. Box 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Durmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Uskudar University, P. O. Box 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Servi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeni Yüzyıl University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Vardar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semiha Erisen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Kim SW, Sommer B, Beger M, Pandolfi JM. Regional and global climate risks for reef corals: Incorporating species-specific vulnerability and exposure to climate hazards. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:4140-4151. [PMID: 37148129 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is driving rapid and widespread erosion of the environmental conditions that formerly supported species persistence. Existing projections of climate change typically focus on forecasts of acute environmental anomalies and global extinction risks. The current projections also frequently consider all species within a broad taxonomic group together without differentiating species-specific patterns. Consequently, we still know little about the explicit dimensions of climate risk (i.e., species-specific vulnerability, exposure and hazard) that are vital for predicting future biodiversity responses (e.g., adaptation, migration) and developing management and conservation strategies. Here, we use reef corals as model organisms (n = 741 species) to project the extent of regional and global climate risks of marine organisms into the future. We characterise species-specific vulnerability based on the global geographic range and historical environmental conditions (1900-1994) of each coral species within their ranges, and quantify the projected exposure to climate hazard beyond the historical conditions as climate risk. We show that many coral species will experience a complete loss of pre-modern climate analogs at the regional scale and across their entire distributional ranges, and such exposure to hazardous conditions are predicted to pose substantial regional and global climate risks to reef corals. Although high-latitude regions may provide climate refugia for some tropical corals until the mid-21st century, they will not become a universal haven for all corals. Notably, high-latitude specialists and species with small geographic ranges remain particularly vulnerable as they tend to possess limited capacities to avoid climate risks (e.g., via adaptive and migratory responses). Predicted climate risks are amplified substantially under the SSP5-8.5 compared with the SSP1-2.6 scenario, highlighting the need for stringent emission controls. Our projections of both regional and global climate risks offer unique opportunities to facilitate climate action at spatial scales relevant to conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun W Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brigitte Sommer
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Beger
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - John M Pandolfi
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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4
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Shipley BR, McGuire JL. Disentangling the drivers of continental mammalian endemism. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2421-2435. [PMID: 36749035 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Endemic species and species with small ranges are ecologically and evolutionarily distinct and are vulnerable to extinction. Determining which abiotic and biotic factors structure patterns of endemism on continents can advance our understanding of global biogeographic processes, but spatial patterns of mammalian endemism have not yet been effectively predicted and reconstructed. Using novel null model techniques, we reconstruct trends in mammalian endemism and describe the isolated and combined effects of physiographic, ecological, and evolutionary factors on endemism. We calculated weighted endemism for global continental ecoregions and compared the spatial distribution of endemism to niche-based, geographic null models of endemism. These null models distribute species randomly across continents, simulating their range sizes from their degree of climatic specialization. They isolate the effects of physiography (topography and climate) and species richness on endemism. We then ran linear and structural models to determine how topography and historical climate stability influence endemism. The highest rates of mammalian endemism were found in topographically rough, climatically stable ecoregions with many species. The null model that isolated physiography did not closely approximate the observed distribution of endemism (r2 = .09), whereas the null model that incorporated both physiography and species richness did (r2 = .59). The linear models demonstrate that topography and climatic stability both influenced endemism values, but that average climatic niche breadth was not highly correlated with endemism. Climate stability and topography both influence weighted endemism in mammals, but the spatial distribution of mammalian endemism is driven by a combination of physiography and species richness. Despite its relationship to individual range size, average climate niche breadth has only a weak influence on endemism. The results highlight the importance of historical biogeographic processes (e.g. centers of speciation) and geography in driving endemism patterns, and disentangle the mechanisms structuring species ranges worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Shipley
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jenny L McGuire
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Quantitative Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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5
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Saeed M, Rais M, Akram A, Williams MR, Kellner KF, Hashsham SA, Davis DR. Development and validation of an eDNA protocol for monitoring endemic Asian spiny frogs in the Himalayan region of Pakistan. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5624. [PMID: 35379841 PMCID: PMC8979970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife monitoring programs are instrumental for the assessment of species, habitat status, and for the management of factors affecting them. This is particularly important for species found in freshwater ecosystems, such as amphibians, as they have higher estimated extinction rates than terrestrial species. We developed and validated two species-specific environmental DNA (eDNA) protocols and applied them in the field to detect the Hazara Torrent Frog (Allopaa hazarensis) and Murree Hills Frog (Nanorana vicina). Additionally, we compared eDNA surveys with visual encounter surveys and estimated site occupancy. eDNA surveys resulted in higher occurrence probabilities for both A. hazarensis and N. vicina than for visual encounter surveys. Detection probability using eDNA was greater for both species, particularly for A. hazarensis. The top-ranked detection model for visual encounter surveys included effects of both year and temperature on both species, and the top-ranked occupancy model included effects of elevation and year. The top-ranked detection model for eDNA data was the null model, and the top-ranked occupancy model included effects of elevation, year, and wetland type. To our knowledge, this is the first time an eDNA survey has been used to monitor amphibian species in the Himalayan region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- Herpetology Lab, Department of Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry, Range Management and Wildlife, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Muhammad Rais
- Herpetology Lab, Department of Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry, Range Management and Wildlife, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Akram
- Herpetology Lab, Department of Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry, Range Management and Wildlife, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Maggie R Williams
- School of Engineering and Technology, Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Kenneth F Kellner
- Global Wildlife Conservation Center, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Syed A Hashsham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Drew R Davis
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA.,Biodiversity Collections, Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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6
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Silva JLS, de Oliveira MTP, Cruz-Neto O, Tabarelli M, Lopes AV. Plant-pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide: A comprehensive review including research funding and policy actions. AMBIO 2021; 50:884-900. [PMID: 33247414 PMCID: PMC7982380 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization has rapidly increased in recent decades and the negative effects on biodiversity have been widely reported. Urban green areas can contribute to improving human well-being, maintaining biodiversity, and ecosystem services (e.g. pollination). Here we examine the evolution of studies on plant-pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide, reviewing also research funding and policy actions. We documented a significant increase in the scientific production on the theme in recent years, especially in the temperate region; tropical urban ecosystems are still neglected. Plant-pollinator interactions are threatened by urbanization in complex ways, depending on the studied group (plant or pollinator [generalist or specialist]) and landscape characteristics. Several research opportunities emerge from our review. Research funding and policy actions to pollination/pollinator in urban ecosystems are still scarce and concentrated in developed countries/temperate regions. To make urban green spaces contribute to the maintenance of biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services, transdisciplinary approaches (ecological-social-economic-cultural) are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Luiza S. Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Marcela Tomaz Pontes de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Vegetal, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Cruz-Neto
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tabarelli
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Ariadna Valentina Lopes
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901 Brazil
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7
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Scribano G, Balestrieri A, Gazzola A, Pellitteri‐Rosa D. Strong behavioural defensive responses of endemic
Rana latastei
tadpoles induced by a native predator's odour. Ethology 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Scribano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | | | - Andrea Gazzola
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
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8
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Kim SW, Sampayo EM, Sommer B, Sims CA, Gómez-Cabrera MDC, Dalton SJ, Beger M, Malcolm HA, Ferrari R, Fraser N, Figueira WF, Smith SDA, Heron SF, Baird AH, Byrne M, Eakin CM, Edgar R, Hughes TP, Kyriacou N, Liu G, Matis PA, Skirving WJ, Pandolfi JM. Refugia under threat: Mass bleaching of coral assemblages in high-latitude eastern Australia. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:3918-3931. [PMID: 31472029 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental anomalies that trigger adverse physiological responses and mortality are occurring with increasing frequency due to climate change. At species' range peripheries, environmental anomalies are particularly concerning because species often exist at their environmental tolerance limits and may not be able to migrate to escape unfavourable conditions. Here, we investigated the bleaching response and mortality of 14 coral genera across high-latitude eastern Australia during a global heat stress event in 2016. We evaluated whether the severity of assemblage-scale and genus-level bleaching responses was associated with cumulative heat stress and/or local environmental history, including long-term mean temperatures during the hottest month of each year (SSTLTMAX ), and annual fluctuations in water temperature (SSTVAR ) and solar irradiance (PARZVAR ). The most severely-bleached genera included species that were either endemic to the region (Pocillopora aliciae) or rare in the tropics (e.g. Porites heronensis). Pocillopora spp., in particular, showed high rates of immediate mortality. Bleaching severity of Pocillopora was high where SSTLTMAX was low or PARZVAR was high, whereas bleaching severity of Porites was directly associated with cumulative heat stress. While many tropical Acropora species are extremely vulnerable to bleaching, the Acropora species common at high latitudes, such as A. glauca and A. solitaryensis, showed little incidence of bleaching and immediate mortality. Two other regionally-abundant genera, Goniastrea and Turbinaria, were also largely unaffected by the thermal anomaly. The severity of assemblage-scale bleaching responses was poorly explained by the environmental parameters we examined. Instead, the severity of assemblage-scale bleaching was associated with local differences in species abundance and taxon-specific bleaching responses. The marked taxonomic disparity in bleaching severity, coupled with high mortality of high-latitude endemics, point to climate-driven simplification of assemblage structures and progressive homogenisation of reef functions at these high-latitude locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun W Kim
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Eugenia M Sampayo
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Brigitte Sommer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carrie A Sims
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Maria Del C Gómez-Cabrera
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Steve J Dalton
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Maria Beger
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Hamish A Malcolm
- Fisheries Research, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Renata Ferrari
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Sciences, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Fraser
- Solitary Islands Underwater Research Group, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Will F Figueira
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen D A Smith
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott F Heron
- Marine Geophysical Laboratory, Physics Department, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Coral Reef Watch, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Andrew H Baird
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Maria Byrne
- Anatomy and Histology, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Mark Eakin
- Coral Reef Watch, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Robert Edgar
- Solitary Islands Underwater Research Group, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Terry P Hughes
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole Kyriacou
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- Coral Reef Watch, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD, USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Paloma A Matis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - William J Skirving
- Coral Reef Watch, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, MD, USA
| | - John M Pandolfi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Abstract
The reasons why the range size of closely related species often varies significantly have intrigued scientists for many years. Among other hypotheses, species with high trait variation were suggested to occupy more diverse environments, have more continuity in their distributions, and consequently have larger range sizes. Here, using 34 tree species of lowlands tropical rainforest in southern Costa Rica, we explored whether inherent trait variability expressed at the local scale in functional traits is related to the species’ total geographical range size. We formed 17 congeneric pairs of one narrow endemic and one widespread species, sampled 335 individuals and measured eight functional traits: leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen content, leaf phosphorus content, leaf nitrogen to phosphorus ratio, and wood specific gravity. We tested whether there are significant differences in the locally expressed variation of individual traits or in multidimensional trait variance between the species in congeneric pairs and whether species’ range size could hence be predicted from local trait variability. However, we could not find such differences between widely distributed and narrow range species. We discuss the possible reasons for these findings including the fact that higher trait variability of widespread species may result from successive local adaptations during range expansion and may hence often be an effect rather than the cause of larger ranges.
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10
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Norfolk O, Gilbert F, Eichhorn MP. Alien honeybees increase pollination risks for range-restricted plants. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Norfolk
- Department of Biology; Anglia Ruskin University; Cambridge UK
| | - Francis Gilbert
- School of Life Sciences; University of Nottingham; Nottingham UK
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11
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Read QD, Hoban SM, Eppinga MB, Schweitzer JA, Bailey JK. Accounting for the nested nature of genetic variation across levels of organization improves our understanding of biodiversity and community ecology. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin D. Read
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Univ. of Tennessee; Knoxville TN 37996 USA
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory; PO Box 519 Crested Butte, CO 81224 USA
| | - Sean M. Hoban
- National Inst. of Mathematical and Biological Synthesis; Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Maarten B. Eppinga
- Dept of Environmental Sciences; Copernicus Inst. of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University; PO Box 80115 NL-3508 TC Utrecht the Netherlands
| | | | - Joseph K. Bailey
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Univ. of Tennessee; Knoxville TN 37996 USA
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