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Alves GB, de Oliveira EE, Jumbo LOV, dos Santos GR, dos Santos MM, Ootani MA, Ribeiro BM, Aguiar RWDS. Genomic–proteomic analysis of a novel Bacillus thuringiensis strain: toxicity against two lepidopteran pests, abundance of Cry1Ac5 toxin, and presence of InhA1 virulence factor. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:143. [PMID: 36967401 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03479-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a biological alternative to the indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides in agriculture. Due to resistance development on insect pests to Bt crops, isolating novel Bt strains is a strategy for screening new pesticidal proteins or strains containing toxin profile variety that can delay resistance. Besides, the combined genomic and proteomic approaches allow identifying pesticidal proteins and virulence factors accurately. Here, the genome of a novel Bt strain (Bt TOL651) was sequenced, and the proteins from the spore-crystal mixture were identified by proteomic analysis. Toxicity bioassays with the spore-crystal mixture against larvae of Diatraea saccharalis and Anticarsia gemmatalis, key pests of sugarcane and soybean, respectively, were performed. The toxicity of Bt TOL651 varies with the insect; A. gemmatalis (LC50 = 1.45 ng cm-2) is more susceptible than D. saccharalis (LC50 = 73.77 ng cm-2). Phylogenetic analysis of the gyrB gene indicates that TOL651 is related to Bt kenyae strains. The genomic analysis revealed the presence of cry1Aa18, cry1Ac5, cry1Ia44, and cry2Aa9 pesticidal genes. Virulence factor genes such as phospholipases (plcA, piplc), metalloproteases (inhA), hemolysins (cytK, hlyIII, hblA, hblC, hblD), and enterotoxins (nheA, nheB, nheC) were also identified. The combined use of the genomic and proteomic data indicated the expression of Cry1Aa18, Cry1Ac5, and Cry2Aa9 proteins, with Cry1Ac5 being the most abundant. InhA1 also was expressed and may contribute to Bt TOL651 pathogenicity. These results provide Bt TOL651 as a new tool for the biocontrol of lepidopteran pests.
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Shikov AE, Malovichko YV, Lobov AA, Belousova ME, Nizhnikov AA, Antonets KS. The Distribution of Several Genomic Virulence Determinants Does Not Corroborate the Established Serotyping Classification of Bacillus thuringiensis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2244. [PMID: 33668147 PMCID: PMC7956386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis, commonly referred to as Bt, is an object of the lasting interest of microbiologists due to its highly effective insecticidal properties, which make Bt a prominent source of biologicals. To categorize the exuberance of Bt strains discovered, serotyping assays are utilized in which flagellin serves as a primary seroreactive molecule. Despite its convenience, this approach is not indicative of Bt strains' phenotypes, neither it reflects actual phylogenetic relationships within the species. In this respect, comparative genomic and proteomic techniques appear more informative, but their use in Bt strain classification remains limited. In the present work, we used a bottom-up proteomic approach based on fluorescent two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) protein identification to assess which stage of Bt culture, vegetative or spore, would be more informative for strain characterization. To this end, the proteomic differences for the israelensis-attributed strains were assessed to compare sporulating cultures of the virulent derivative to the avirulent one as well as to the vegetative stage virulent bacteria. Using the same approach, virulent spores of the israelensis strain were also compared to the spores of strains belonging to two other major Bt serovars, namely darmstadiensis and thuringiensis. The identified proteins were analyzed regarding the presence of the respective genes in the 104 Bt genome assemblies available at open access with serovar attributions specified. Of 21 proteins identified, 15 were found to be encoded in all the present assemblies at 67% identity threshold, including several virulence factors. Notable, individual phylogenies of these core genes conferred neither the serotyping nor the flagellin-based phylogeny but corroborated the reconstruction based on phylogenomics approaches in terms of tree topology similarity. In its turn, the distribution of accessory protein genes was not confined to the existing serovars. The obtained results indicate that neither gene presence nor the core gene sequence may serve as distinctive bases for the serovar attribution, undermining the notion that the serotyping system reflects strains' phenotypic or genetic similarity. We also provide a set of loci, which fit in with the phylogenomics data plausibly and thus may serve for draft phylogeny estimation of the novel strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton E. Shikov
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.E.S.); (Y.V.M.); (M.E.B.); (A.A.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Yury V. Malovichko
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.E.S.); (Y.V.M.); (M.E.B.); (A.A.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Arseniy A. Lobov
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria E. Belousova
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.E.S.); (Y.V.M.); (M.E.B.); (A.A.N.)
| | - Anton A. Nizhnikov
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.E.S.); (Y.V.M.); (M.E.B.); (A.A.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Kirill S. Antonets
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.E.S.); (Y.V.M.); (M.E.B.); (A.A.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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Genomics and Proteomics Analyses Revealed Novel Candidate Pesticidal Proteins in a Lepidopteran-Toxic Bacillus thuringiensis Strain. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12110673. [PMID: 33114565 PMCID: PMC7693509 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12110673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery and identification of novel insecticidal proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains are of crucial importance for efficient biological control of pests and better management of insect resistance. In this study, the Bt strain KhF, toxic for Plodia interpunctella and Grapholita molesta larvae, underwent genomics and proteomics analyses to achieve a better understanding of the bases of its pathogenicity. The whole-genome sequencing results revealed that the KhF strain contained nine coding sequences with homologies to Bt insecticidal genes. The lepidopteran toxic mixture of spores and crystals of this Bt strain was subjected to liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to assess the protein composition. The results of the proteomic analyses, combined with the toxin gene sequences, revealed that two of the main components of the crystals were two new candidate pesticidal proteins, named KhFA and KhFB. These proteins showed a similarity lower than 36% to the other known Bt toxins. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the KhFA and KhFB grouped with the newly denominated Xpp and Mpp (former ETX/Mtx) pesticidal protein groups, respectively. Altogether, this study has led to the discovery of two novel candidate pesticidal toxins in the lepidopteran toxic KhF strain.
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Quan M, Peng J, Zhu Z, Zhou P, Luo S, Xie J, Xia L, Sun Y, Ding X. Construction of a Conditionally Asporogenous Bacillus thuringiensis Recombinant Strain Overproducing Cry Protein by Deletion of the leuB Gene. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1769. [PMID: 32849393 PMCID: PMC7396631 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the common shortcomings with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) biopesticides in field application is their instability under UV irradiation. In Bt, the leuB gene encodes the 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase. In addition to its role in leucine biosynthesis, LeuB would be likely recruited to catalyze the dehydrogenation of malate in the final step of tricarboxylic acid cycle during sporulation. In this study, we constructed a Bt recombinant strain in which the gene leuB was deleted by using the markerless gene deletion system. The ΔleuB mutant strain showed a conditionally asporogenous phenotype while overproducing insecticidal crystal proteins and retaining its insecticidal activity well in both fermentation and LB media. Furthermore, the metabolic regulation mechanisms of LeuB was elucidated by iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach. Evidences from proteomics data suggested that the inhibited supply of pyruvate (carbon source) was an important factor related to the conditionally asporogenous feature of the mutant. Consistently, the mutant regained its ability to sporulate in LB medium by adding 1% glucose or 1% sodium pyruvate. Taken together, our study demonstrated that deletion of the leuB gene resulted in delayed or completely blocked mother cell lysis, allowing the crystals encapsulated within cells, which makes this recombinant strain a good candidate for developing Bt preparations with better UV-stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Quan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinli Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zirong Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengji Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Sisi Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Junyan Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunjun Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Fayad N, Patiño-Navarrete R, Kambris Z, Antoun M, Osta M, Chopineau J, Mahillon J, El Chamy L, Sanchis V, Kallassy Awad M. Characterization and Whole Genome Sequencing of AR23, a Highly Toxic Bacillus thuringiensis Strain Isolated from Lebanese Soil. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:1503-1511. [PMID: 31563972 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01775-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly control methods of pests and insects is increasing worldwide. From this came the interest in Bacillus thuringiensis, an entomopathogenic bacterium capable of replacing chemical pesticides. However, the possibility of pests developing resistance to a particular strain may impair its use, and there is a need to identify novel strains of this species as potential commercial biopesticides. B. thuringiensis sv. israelensis is one of the most successful serovars, widely commercialized for its activity against black fly and mosquito larvae. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and sequenced a new Lebanese B. thuringiensis sv. israelensis isolate, strain AR23. Compared to the commercialized reference strain AM65-52 (Vectobac®, Sumitomo), AR23 showed an increased activity against several mosquito species. The genomic analysis revealed that this strain, compared to AM65-52, possesses a simplified plasmid content and an additional functional cry4Ba coding gene that most likely accounts for the increased effectiveness of this strain in mosquito larvae killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Fayad
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Rafael Patiño-Navarrete
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Zakaria Kambris
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mandy Antoun
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), CNRS UMR 5253/UM/ENSCM Université de Montpellier Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Université de Nîmes, Rue Georges Salan, 30000, Nîmes, France
| | - Mike Osta
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joel Chopineau
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), CNRS UMR 5253/UM/ENSCM Université de Montpellier Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Université de Nîmes, Rue Georges Salan, 30000, Nîmes, France
| | - Jacques Mahillon
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laure El Chamy
- Génétique de La Drosophile Et Virulence Microbienne (GDVM), Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Vincent Sanchis
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mireille Kallassy Awad
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Science, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Xie J, Peng J, Yi Z, Zhao X, Li S, Zhang T, Quan M, Yang S, Lu J, Zhou P, Xia L, Ding X. Role of hsp20 in the Production of Spores and Insecticidal Crystal Proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2059. [PMID: 31551991 PMCID: PMC6737285 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The small heat shock protein plays an important role in response to stresses. We wanted to investigate how Hsp20 affects sporulation and production of insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) at the stationary growth phase when cells are starved. The hsp20 gene was knocked out in Bt4.0718 (wide type), which is a B. thuringiensis strain screened in our laboratory, using endonuclease I-SceI mediated unmarked gene replacement method. Deletion of Hsp20 resulted in a decrease in both sporulation and ICPs production. Bt4-Δhsp20 cells and its ICP did not have a significant difference in shape and size but entered the decline phase 2 h earlier than the Bt4.0718. In order to find the mechanism that underlies these phenotypes, we completed a proteomic study of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). In Bt4-Δhsp20 cells, 11 DEPs were upregulated and 184 DEPs downregulated. These affected DEPs are involved in multiple metabolic pathways: (1) six DEPs (two upregulated and four downregulated) are directly related to the sporulation and ICPs synthesis; (2) supply of amino acids including amino acid synthesis and protein recycling; (3) the energy supplementation (the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis); (4) purine metabolism and mRNA stability. These results suggest that hsp20 may be critical in maintaining the homeostasis of B. thuringiensis during the production of spores and ICPs, and could provide new sight into the sporulation and ICPs formation in B. thuringiensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinli Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zixian Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuiming Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Meifang Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaoyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Low TY, Mohtar MA, Ang MY, Jamal R. Connecting Proteomics to Next‐Generation Sequencing: Proteogenomics and Its Current Applications in Biology. Proteomics 2018; 19:e1800235. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 56000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - M. Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 56000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Mia Yang Ang
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 56000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 56000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Gomis-Cebolla J, Scaramal Ricietto AP, Ferré J. A Genomic and Proteomic Approach to Identify and Quantify the Expressed Bacillus thuringiensis Proteins in the Supernatant and Parasporal Crystal. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10050193. [PMID: 29748494 PMCID: PMC5983249 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10050193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined analysis of genomic and proteomic data allowed us to determine which cry and vip genes are present in a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolate and which ones are being expressed. Nine Bt isolates were selected from Spanish collections of Bt based on their vip1 and vip2 gene content. As a first step, nine isolates were analyzed by PCR to select those Bt isolates that contained genes with the lowest similarity to already described vip1 and vip2 genes (isolates E-SE10.2 and O-V84.2). Two selected isolates were subjected to a combined genomic and proteomic analysis. The results showed that the Bt isolate E-SE10.2 codifies for two new vegetative proteins, Vip2Ac-like_1 and Sip1Aa-like_1, that do not show expression differences at 24 h vs. 48 h and are expressed in a low amount. The Bt isolate O-V84.2 codifies for three new vegetative proteins, Vip4Aa-like_1, Vip4Aa-like_2, and Vip2Ac-like_2, that are marginally expressed. The Vip4Aa-like_1 protein was two-fold more abundant at 24 h vs. 48 h, while the Vip4Aa-like_2 was detected only at 24 h. For Vip2Ac-like_2, no differences in expression were found at 24 h vs. 48 h. Moreover, the parasporal crystal of the E-SE10.2 isolate contains a single type of crystal protein, Cry23Aa-like, while the parasporal crystal from O-V84.2 contains three kinds of crystal proteins: 7.0–9.8% weight of Cry45Aa-like proteins, 35–37% weight of Cry32-like proteins and 2.8–4.3% weight of Cry73-like protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Gomis-Cebolla
- ERI de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Ana Paula Scaramal Ricietto
- ERI de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Juan Ferré
- ERI de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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Camacho-Millán R, Aguilar-Medina EM, Quezada H, Medina-Contreras Ó, Patiño-López G, Cárdenas-Cota HM, Ramos-Payán R. Characterization of Cry toxins from autochthonous Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from Mexico. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2018; 74:193-199. [PMID: 29382486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical pesticides, widely used in agriculture and vector-borne disease control, have shown toxic effects on the environment and the people in contact with them. Bacillus thuringiensis is a widely used bacterium for alternative and safer control of insect pests. Its toxins are specific for insects but innocuous for mammals and may be used as powerful adjuvants when applied with vaccines. The objective of this work was to characterize some autochthonous B. thuringiensis strains, which could be used for the control of a local pest (Diatraea considerata Heinrich) that affects sugar cane crops in Sinaloa, Mexico. Also, to evaluate these strains as a source of Cry toxins, which may be used in the future as adjuvants for some vaccines. METHODS Eight strains from field-collected dead insects were isolated. These were microbiologically identified as B. thuringiensis and confirmed by amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA. Bioassays were performed to evaluate their pathogenicity against D. considerata, and Cry toxins were identified by proteomic analyses. RESULTS An increased mortality among larvae infected with strain Bt-D was observed, and its toxin was identified as Cry1Ac. CONCLUSIONS The observed data showed that the selected strain was pathogenic to D. considerata and seemed to produce Cry1Ac protein, which has been reported as an adjuvant in different types of immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Camacho-Millán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Héctor Quezada
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Óscar Medina-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Genaro Patiño-López
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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10
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Pool deconvolution approach for high-throughput gene mining from Bacillus thuringiensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1467-1482. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8633-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Quan M, Xie J, Liu X, Li Y, Rang J, Zhang T, Zhou F, Xia L, Hu S, Sun Y, Ding X. Comparative Analysis of Genomics and Proteomics in the New Isolated Bacillus thuringiensis X022 Revealed the Metabolic Regulation Mechanism of Carbon Flux Following Cu(2+) Treatment. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:792. [PMID: 27303381 PMCID: PMC4882340 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) X022 is a novel strain isolated from soil in China, and showed strong insecticidal activity against several Lepidopteran pests. In this work, we performed whole genome sequencing of this Bt strain using the next-generation sequencing technology, and further conducted a comparative analysis with the proteomics data of the specific spore-release period based on LC-MS/MS approach. The Bt X022 genome consisted of one circular chromosomal DNA and seven plasmids, which were further functionally annotated using the RAST server. Comparative analysis of insecticidal substances showed that X022 contained genes coding for three Cry proteins (Cry1Ac, Cry1Ia and Cry2Ab) and a vegetative insecticidal protein (Vip3A). However, three insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) (Cry1Ca, Cry1Ac and Cry1Da) were detected by proteomics in the spore-release period. Moreover, a putative biosynthetic gene cluster and the metabolic pathway for poly-β-hydroxybutyrate in Bt X022 were deduced based on the comparative analysis of genomic and proteomic data, which revealed the metabolic regulation mechanism of carbon flux correlated with increased production of ICPs caused by Cu2+. Hence, these results provided a deeper understanding of the genetic background and protein expression profile of Bt X022. This study established a foundation for directed genetic modification and further application of this new isolated Bt strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Quan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha, China; Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Junyan Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Yang Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Jie Rang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Fengjuan Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Yunjun Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University Changsha, China
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Periyasamy A, Kkani P, Chandrasekaran B, Ponnusamy S, Viswanathan S, Selvanayagam P, Rajaiah S. Screening and characterization of a non-insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis strain producing parasporal protein with selective toxicity against human colon cancer cell lines. ANN MICROBIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-016-1204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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13
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Liu X, Zuo M, Wang T, Sun Y, Liu S, Hu S, He H, Yang Q, Rang J, Quan M, Xia L, Ding X. Proteomic analysis of the influence of Cu(2+) on the crystal protein production of Bacillus thuringiensis X022. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:153. [PMID: 26438125 PMCID: PMC4595308 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus thuringiensis X022, a novel strain isolated from soil in China, produces diamond-shaped parasporal crystals. Specific mineral nutrients, such as Mg, Cu, and Mn, influence insecticidal crystal proteins (ICP) expression and the effects of these elements vary significantly. However, the molecular mechanisms of the effects caused by mineral elements have yet to be reported. RESULTS The ICP are mainly composed of Cry1Ca, Cry1Ac, and Cry1Da, which have molecular weights of about 130 kDa. ICP production was most efficient when Cu(2+) was added at concentrations ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/L at an initial pH of 8.0. Addition of Cu(2+) also evidently increased the toxicity of fermentation broth to Spodoptera exigua and Helicoverpa armigera. After analyzing changes in proteome and fermentation parameters caused by Cu(2+) addition, we propose that Cu(2+) increases PhaR expression and consequently changes the carbon flow. More carbon sources was used to produce intracellular poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Increases in PHB as a storage material bring about increases of ICP production. CONCLUSIONS Bacillus thuringiensis X022 mainly expresses Cry1Ca, Cry1Ac, and Cry1Da. Cu(2+) increases the expression of Cry1Da, Cry1Ca, and also enhances the toxicity of fermentation broth to S. exigua and H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liu
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Mingxing Zuo
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Yunjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Shengbiao Hu
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Hao He
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Jie Rang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Meifang Quan
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Liqiu Xia
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- College of Life Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Microbial Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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