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Li S, Mu R, Zhu Y, Zhao F, Qiu Q, Si H, Wright ADG, Li Z. Shifts in the microbial community and metabolome in rumen ecological niches during antler growth. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1608-1618. [PMID: 38680874 PMCID: PMC11047195 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Antlers are hallmark organ of deer, exhibiting a relatively high growth rate among mammals, and requiring large amounts of nutrients to meet its development. The rumen microbiota plays key roles in nutrient metabolism. However, changes in the microbiota and metabolome in the rumen during antler growth are largely unknown. We investigated rumen microbiota (liquid, solid, ventral epithelium, and dorsal epithelium) and metabolic profiles of sika deer at the early (EG), metaphase (MG) and fast growth (FG) stages. Our data showed greater concentrations of acetate and propionate in the rumens of sika deer from the MG and FG groups than in those of the EG group. However, microbial diversity decreased during antler growth, and was negatively correlated with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels. Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Schaedlerella and Stenotrophomonas were the dominant bacteria in the liquid, solid, ventral epithelium, and dorsal epithelium fractions. The proportions of Stomatobaculum, Succiniclasticum, Comamonas and Anaerotruncus increased significantly in the liquid or dorsal epithelium fractions. Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the metabolites also changed significantly, revealing 237 significantly different metabolites, among which the concentrations of γ-aminobutyrate and creatine increased during antler growth. Arginine and proline metabolism and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism were enhanced. The co-occurrence network results showed that the associations between the rumen microbiota and metabolites different among the three groups. Our results revealed that the different rumen ecological niches were characterized by distinct microbiota compositions, and the production of SCFAs and the metabolism of specific amino acids were significantly changed during antler growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songze Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ruina Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuhang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiang Qiu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710100, China
| | - Huazhe Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | | | - Zhipeng Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Tuncer C, Güden M, Orhan M, Sarıkaya MK, Taşdemirci A. Quasi-static and dynamic Brazilian testing and failure analysis of a deer antler in the transverse to the osteon growth direction. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105648. [PMID: 36610280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The transverse tensile strength of a naturally fallen red deer antler (Cervus Elaphus) was determined through indirect Brazilian tests using dry disc-shape specimens at quasi-static and high strain rates. Dynamic Brazilian tests were performed in a compression Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar. Quasi-static tensile and indirect Brazilian tests were also performed along the osteon growth direction for comparison. The quasi-static transverse tensile strength ranged 31.5-44.5 MPa. The strength increased to 83 MPa on the average in the dynamic Brazilian tests, proving a rate sensitive transverse strength. The quasi-static tensile strength in the osteon growth direction was however found comparably higher, 192 MPa. A Weibull analysis indicated a higher tensile ductility in the osteon growth direction than in the transverse to the osteon growth direction. The microscopic analysis of the quasi-static Brazilian test specimens (tensile strain along the osteon growth direction) revealed a micro-cracking mechanism operating by the crack deflection/twisting at the lacunae in the concentric lamellae region and at the interface between concentric lamellae and interstitial lamellae. On the other side, the specimens in the transverse direction fractured in a more brittle manner by the separation/delamination of the concentric lamellae and pulling of the interstitial lamellae. The detected increase in the transverse strength in the high strain rate tests was further ascribed to the pull and fracture of the visco-plastic collagen fibers in the interstitial lamellae. This was also confirmed microscopically; the dynamically tested specimens exhibited flatter fracture surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Tuncer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Güden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Orhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sarıkaya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Alper Taşdemirci
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
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Concentration of Macroelements and Trace Elements in Farmed Fallow Deer Antlers Depending on Age. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233409. [PMID: 36496930 PMCID: PMC9737350 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineral content of the antlers reflects the nutritional status and specific stage of bone growth in cervid males. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the concentration of Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se and Mo in three characteristic antler positions selected based on the observation of fights between males. These were compared between farmed fallow deer (Dama dama) of different ages. The mineral compositions of tissues were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The highest mean concentrations of macroelements (except K) were recorded in the youngest animals aged 2 or 3 years in the proximal position of the antlers. With age and distance from the skull, Ca, P, Mg and Na contents decreased, while K increased. Higher mean concentrations of most trace elements (Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn) were recorded in 3-year-old animals in antler distal positions. With an increase in the age, body mass and antler mass of fallow deer, the concentration of Ca, P, Mg, K, Mn, Cu and Zn decreased (−0.414 ≤ R ≤ −0.737, p < 0.05) in the studied tissue, whereas Li increased (0.470 ≤ R ≤ 0.681, p < 0.05). The obtained results confirm that the antlers’ chemical composition changes with age, also changing the Ca:P ratio.
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Steiner-Bogdaszewska Ż, Tajchman K, Ukalska-Jaruga A, Florek M, Pecio M. The Mineral Composition of Bone Marrow, Plasma, Bones and the First Antlers of Farmed Fallow Deer. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202764. [PMID: 36290150 PMCID: PMC9597732 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An adequate supply of essential nutrients is particularly important during the skeletal growth and development of young deer, especially in males, who build new antlers each year. The aim of the research was to analyze the levels of 21 mineral elements (including the bulk elements: Ca, P, Mg, K, Na; trace elements: Li, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo; and toxic elements: Be, Al, As, Cd, Sb, Ba, Pb, Ni) in the bone marrow, plasma, bones, and first antlers of farmed fallow deer (Dama dama). The mineral compositions of tissues were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Higher concentrations of Ca, P, Mg, Cr, Zn, Se, Al, Ba and Ni were found in bone marrow than in plasma. The highest concentrations of Ca, P and Ba were recorded in fallow deer bone, while the highest concentrations of Mg, K, Na, Li, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Be, Al, As, Sb, Pb and Ni were found in the antlers. Moreover, the research showed a significant negative relationship between Ca and Cd, and between Ca and Pb, and P and Pb (rS = −0.70, rS = −0.80, and rS = −0.66, respectively; p < 0.05) in the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Steiner-Bogdaszewska
- Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Station in Kosewo Górne, 11-700 Mrągowo, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tajchman
- Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (A.U.-J.)
| | - Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga
- Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (A.U.-J.)
| | - Mariusz Florek
- Department of Quality Assessment and Processing of Animal Products, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Pecio
- Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
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Cappelli J, Frasca I, García A, Landete-Castillejos T, Luccarini S, Gallego L, Morimando F, Varuzza P, Zaccaroni M. Roe deer as a bioindicator: preliminary data on the impact of the geothermal power plants on the mineral profile in internal and bone tissues in Tuscany (Italy). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:36121-36131. [PMID: 32557025 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) is one of the most abundant ungulate species in Europe. Many studies have investigated its distribution, behavior, and ecology, but few have focused on its role as bioindicators for pollutants, particularly regarding antlers, which has been shown to indicate also deer physiology. The presence of geothermal power plants can induce accumulation of potentially polluting elements (such as Tl, S, and Pb). Thus, we collected roe deer samples from areas of Tuscany (Italy) where power plants are present. They were divided according to whether their home range included areas close or far from geothermal power plants. We analyzed the body measurements and the profile of the minerals in the liver and antlers tissues using the ICP-OES technique. Results showed that livers from roe deer close to power plant accumulated higher quantity of Bi, Co, Ni, Tl, and S compared to controls. Males culled close to geothermal power plants had significantly lower values for weight and chest circumference, and also, the antlers showed higher values for Li and Sr in the first sampling position. Thus, despite the small sample size in this preliminary study, antlers and livers of roe deer seem to be a bioindicator of industrial impact on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Cappelli
- Department of Science and Agroforestry Technology and Genetics ETSIAM, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain.
- Livestock and hunting resources section, Institute of Regional Development (IDR), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain.
- Sección de recursos cinegéticos y ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain.
| | - Irene Frasca
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Andrés García
- Department of Science and Agroforestry Technology and Genetics ETSIAM, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Livestock and hunting resources section, Institute of Regional Development (IDR), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Research Institute in Hunting Resources, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), University campus s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Tomas Landete-Castillejos
- Department of Science and Agroforestry Technology and Genetics ETSIAM, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Livestock and hunting resources section, Institute of Regional Development (IDR), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Research Institute in Hunting Resources, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), University campus s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Siriano Luccarini
- ATC 14 PISA OVEST, Via Gioacchino Volpe, 92, 56121, Ospedaletto, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laureano Gallego
- Department of Science and Agroforestry Technology and Genetics ETSIAM, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Federico Morimando
- PROECO Studio Associato, Via Uopini 21-23, 53035, Monteriggioni, SI, Italy
- ATC 3 SIENA NORD, Via Leonida Cialfi 29, 53100, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Paolo Varuzza
- Geographicasrl, via Prato I, 41, 84039, Teggiano, Italy
| | - Marco Zaccaroni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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Ny V, Kotrba R, Cappelli J, Bureš D, Clar MA, García AJ, Landete-Castillejos T, Bartoň L, Ceacero F. Effects of Lysine and Methionine supplementation on first antler growth in fallow deer (Dama dama). Small Rumin Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tajchman K, Bogdaszewski M, Kowalczuk-Vasilev E. Effects of supplementation with different levels of calcium and phosphorus on mineral content of first antler, bone, muscle, and liver of farmed fallow deer ( Dama dama). CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition is one of the main factors influencing physiological processes, e.g., growth and antler development, in Cervidae. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a possible effect of supplementation with different levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) on the mineral composition of antlers and bones, and its effect on the content of macroelements — Ca, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and P — in the muscle tissue, liver, and blood of farmed fallow deer fawns. The results show a positive effect of increased doses of Ca and P on body weight at the age of 14 mo. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the content of Ca, Mg, Na, and P in antlers and Ca, Na, and P in bones. The muscle tissue was characterised by a significant increase only in the content of Na, whereas Ca, K, and P levels increased significantly in the liver. In turn, the serum P content decreased significantly. Adequate Ca and P supplementation exerts a positive effect on the mineral composition of bones and whole antlers of farmed fallow deer fawns, and it enhances the concentrations of macroelements in tissues, which may constitute a reservoir used for future development of antlers. It also has a positive effect on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Tajchman
- Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Ul. Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Bogdaszewski
- Institute of Parasitology PAN, Research Station in Kosewo Górne, 11-700 Mrągowo, Poland
| | - Edyta Kowalczuk-Vasilev
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Ul. Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
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Laliberté J, St-Laurent MH. In the wrong place at the wrong time: Moose and deer movement patterns influence wildlife-vehicle collision risk. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2020; 135:105365. [PMID: 31775075 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitigation strategies for wildlife-vehicle collisions require sufficient knowledge about why, where and when collisions occur in order to be an efficient tool to improve public safety. Collisions with cervids are known to be influenced by spatial factors such as topography and forest cover. However, temporal changes in animal and motorist behaviors are often overlooked although they can increase the odds of cervid-vehicle collisions. Consequently, we evaluated potential factors influencing the spatiotemporal distribution of 450 collisions with moose and white-tailed deer that occurred between 1990 and 2015 along the 100-km long highway in southeastern Québec, Canada. Both spatial and temporal factors efficiently explained moose-vehicle collisions but not collisions with white-tailed deer, suggesting that the latter occurred more randomly along the highway. The risk of moose-vehicle collisions was mainly modulated by topographic and habitat variables, as the interactions between slope and elevation and slope and distance to suitable moose habitats had a strong effect on collision risk. Road sinuosity and the proportion of mature coniferous stands around the collision site positively influenced deer-vehicle collisions. A temporal increase in collision numbers was noted in different biological periods during which movement rates are known to be higher (e.g. post-winter dispersal and rut). These results suggest that cervid movement is the main factor influencing collision risk and frequency. Our results indicate that mitigation strategies aimed at decreasing the probability of collision with cervids must be species-specific and should focus more closely on animal movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Laliberté
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Centre for Northern Studies, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Martin-Hugues St-Laurent
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Centre for Northern Studies & Centre for Forest Research, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada.
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Cappelli J, Ceacero F, Landete‐Castillejos T, Gallego L, García A. Smaller does not mean worse: variation of roe deer antlers from two distant populations in their mechanical and structural properties and mineral profile. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Cappelli
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR) Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
| | - F. Ceacero
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - T. Landete‐Castillejos
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR) Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM) Albacete Spain
| | - L. Gallego
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
| | - A. García
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR) Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha (UCLM) Albacete Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM) Albacete Spain
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Pérez Serrano M, García AJ, Landete-Castillejos T, Cappelli J, Gómez JÁ, Hidalgo F, Gallego L. Parenteral Cu Supplementation of Late-Gestating and Lactating Iberian Red Deer Hinds Fed a Balanced Diet Reduces Somatic Cell Count and Modifies Mineral Profile of Milk. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10010083. [PMID: 31947856 PMCID: PMC7022862 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The benefits of Cu supplementation have been reported for male deer and cows. In deer, supplementation with this mineral is frequent in males even in animals receiving balanced diets. The benefits of Cu supplementation for antler cortical thickness in adult deer and for deer meat characteristics have also been demonstrated. Since Cu supplementation of cows has positive effects to achieve optimal offspring growth, it could be interesting to assess such effects for hinds since this mineral is transported across the placenta and has an important role in animal growth. Our results in lactating hinds showed that Cu supplementation decreased the number of somatic cells, improving the health quality of the milk and indicating a lower risk of mastitis. It also increased Ca and K content of milk, although not that of Cu. This is the first study demonstrating that Cu supplementation during late-gestation and lactation in hinds fed a balanced diet could be a good strategy to reduce somatic cell count (improving the health quality of milk) and modify the mineral profile of milk increasing its Ca content. Abstract This study describes the effects that Cu supplementation of late-gestating and lactating females (hinds) of Iberian red deer fed a balanced diet have on milk production, composition, and somatic cell count (SCC). Experimental hinds (n = 9) were subcutaneously injected every 42 days with Cu (0.83 mg Cu/kg body weight) from day 202 of gestation until the end of lactation (week 18). Control hinds (n = 8) were injected with a physiological saline solution with the same volume and at the same frequency as the experimental group. Copper supplementation decreased the SCC from 1.64 to 1.36 log 10/mL (p = 0.003) and modified the milk mineral profile. In particular, milk from hinds supplemented with Cu had more Ca (p = 0.02), Mg (p = 0.06), and K (p = 0.03) than milk from control hinds. However, Cu supplementation did not influence the Cu content of milk. Therefore, it can be concluded that Cu supplementation of hinds fed a balanced diet from late-gestation to the end of lactation could be a good strategy to reduce SCC and modify the mineral profile of milk increasing its Ca content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pérez Serrano
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.L.-C.); (J.C.); (L.G.)
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-902-204-100; Fax: +34-967-59-92-33
| | - Andrés José García
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.L.-C.); (J.C.); (L.G.)
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Tomás Landete-Castillejos
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.L.-C.); (J.C.); (L.G.)
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Jamil Cappelli
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.L.-C.); (J.C.); (L.G.)
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Ángel Gómez
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco Hidalgo
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Laureano Gallego
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.G.); (T.L.-C.); (J.C.); (L.G.)
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.Á.G.); (F.H.)
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario sn, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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11
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Landete-Castillejos T, Kierdorf H, Gomez S, Luna S, García AJ, Cappelli J, Pérez-Serrano M, Pérez-Barbería J, Gallego L, Kierdorf U. Antlers - Evolution, development, structure, composition, and biomechanics of an outstanding type of bone. Bone 2019; 128:115046. [PMID: 31446115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antlers are bony appendages of deer that undergo periodic regeneration from the top of permanent outgrowths (the pedicles) of the frontal bones. Of the "less familiar" bone types whose study was advocated by John Currey to gain a better understanding of structure-function relationships of mineralized tissues and organs, antlers were of special interest to him. The present review summarizes our current knowledge about the evolution, development, structure, mineralization, and biomechanics of antlers and how their formation is affected by environmental factors like nutrition. Furthermore, the potential role of antlers as a model in bone biology and several fields of biomedicine as well as their use as a monitoring tool in environmental studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Landete-Castillejos
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
| | - H Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - S Gomez
- Universidad de Cádiz, 11071 Cádiz, Spain
| | - S Luna
- Universidad de Cádiz, 11071 Cádiz, Spain
| | - A J García
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - J Cappelli
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - J Pérez-Barbería
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - L Gallego
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - U Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
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12
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Ceacero F, Villagrán M, Gambín-Pozo P, García AJ, Cappelli J, Ungerfeld R. Better antlers when surrounded by females? The social context influence antler mineralization in pampas deer (Ozotozeros bezoarticus). ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2019.1620340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ceacero
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 961/129, 165 21 Praha 6-Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matías Villagrán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Gambín-Pozo
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, IREC Section Albacete (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus UCLM, Albacete 02071, Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, IDR, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02071, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, ETSIAM, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Andrés J. García
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, IREC Section Albacete (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus UCLM, Albacete 02071, Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, IDR, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02071, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, ETSIAM, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Jamil Cappelli
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, IREC Section Albacete (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Campus UCLM, Albacete 02071, Spain
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, IDR, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02071, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, ETSIAM, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Ungerfeld
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
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13
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Serrano MP, Cappelli J, García A, Gallego L, Landete-Castillejos T. Evolution of blood serum mineral composition during antler growth and rut as consequence of Cu supplementation in captive red deer and its effects in mature antler composition. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an18253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we assessed the effects of Cu supplementation and antler growth stage on mineral composition of serum and hard antler in red deer fed a balanced diet. Correlations between minerals were analysed for serum, for antlers, and between serum versus mature antler. Blood samples were drawn at Days –36, 54, 132 and 197 of the start of antler growth (SAG). Hard antlers were cut at Day 165 from SAG. The Cu supplemented group (n = 9) was injected with 0.83 mg Cu/kg of bodyweight, whereas the control group (n = 9) was injected with a physiological saline solution, both every 42 days between Days –36 (Cu supplied after blood sampling) and 132 from SAG. Supplementation with Cu increased (P < 0.05) the contents of P and Cu in serum but did not affect the antler mineral profile. Serum contents of Mg, Na, S, B and Cu increased during the antler growth, whereas contents of K, Al and Fe decreased in the same period (P < 0.001). At Day 54 from SAG in Cu group, serum P content correlated negatively with antler Ca content whereas Zn of serum and antler correlated positively (P < 0.05). The maximum number of correlations between the mineral profile of serum and hard antler was achieved at Day 132 from SAG (3.3, 4.7 and 12.9% for Days –36, 54 and 132, respectively). In conclusion, the analysis of specific minerals in serum could be used to detect in advance some mineral deficiencies in the antler.
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14
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Serrano MP, Gambín P, Landete-Castillejos T, García A, Cappelli J, Pérez-Barbería FJ, Gómez JA, Gallego L. Effects of Mn supplementation in late-gestating and lactating red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) on milk production, milk composition, and calf growth. J Anim Sci 2018. [PMID: 29518225 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the effects of Mn supplementation of 20 late-gestating and lactating Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) females (hinds) fed a balanced diet on milk production and milk composition over the lactation period. Body weight of their calves at birth and at weaning was also evaluated. In addition, the effect of lactation stage was studied. For these purposes, 2 groups of hinds, one composed by 12 individuals (experimental) and the other by 8 individuals (control) were compared. Experimental hinds were s.c. injected weekly with Mn (2 mg Mn/kg BW) from day 140 of gestation until the end of lactation (week 18; forced weaning by physical separation). Control hinds were injected with a physiological saline solution with the same volume and at the same frequency as the experimental group. Serum Mn content of hinds was assessed just before the first Mn injection and at week 10 of lactation to assess whether the injected Mn increased Mn concentrations in blood. No differences were observed for BW of calves at birth but calves whose mothers were injected with Mn tended (P = 0.07) to have greater gain of BW from birth to weaning in proportion of BW at birth compared to calves from control hinds. In addition, supplementation with Mn increased (P ≤ 0.05) daily milk production by 10.2%, milk fat content by 11.2%, and total fat yield by 17.8%. Also, milk from hinds supplemented with Mn had more Ca (P < 0.001) and P (P < 0.05) than milk from control hinds. Manganese supplementation did not influence Mn serum content when blood was analyzed at week 10 of lactation, but increased the Mn content of milk by 18.3% (P < 0.001). Lactation stage affected (P < 0.001) fat, protein, lactose, and DM. Their contents increased as lactation proceeded, and protein was substituted by fat. Therefore, results suggest that Mn supplementation of hinds is recommended, even when they are fed a balanced diet, to increase milk production and the content of fat, Ca, P, and Mn of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Serrano
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - P Gambín
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - T Landete-Castillejos
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - A García
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - J Cappelli
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - F J Pérez-Barbería
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - J A Gómez
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - L Gallego
- Animal Science Techniques Applied to Wildlife Management Research Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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15
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Does Cu supplementation affect the mechanical and structural properties and mineral content of red deer antler bone tissue? Animal 2017; 11:1312-1320. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731116002767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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16
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Bao K, Wang K, Wang X, Zhang T, Liu H, Li G. Effects of dietary manganese supplementation on nutrient digestibility and production performance in male sika deer (Cervus Nippon). Anim Sci J 2016; 88:463-467. [PMID: 27481564 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of manganese (Mn) supplementation on nutrient digestibility and antler growth in male sika deer. Twenty 3-year-old male sika deer were divided into four groups (Control, T40, T80 and T120). The control diet contained 22.2 mg Mn/kg. The treatment diets were supplemented with 40, 80 and 120 mg of Mn/kg (provided as Mn methionine). The results showed that the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein in the T80 group was greater than other groups. Higher digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was observed in the T80 group than in the control group. Plasma Mn concentrations in the T80 and T120 groups were higher (P < 0.01) than control and T40 group (P < 0.01). The concentration of Mn in feces was increased with increasing Mn amount. Average daily gain of fresh antler and dry antler of T80 was greater than other groups, especially the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the suitable level of Mn supplementation was found to be 80 mg/kg (total Mn content 103.4 mg/kg dry matter), which significantly increased antler daily gain and feed digestibility in 3-year-old sika deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Bao
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, China
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Tietao Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hanlu Liu
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.,State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun, China
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