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Rich TC, Leavesley SJ, Brandon AP, Evans CA, Raju SV, Wagener BM. Phosphodiesterase 4 mediates interleukin-8-induced heterologous desensitization of the β 2 -adrenergic receptor. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21946. [PMID: 34555226 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002712rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening illness characterized by decreased alveolar-capillary barrier function, pulmonary edema consisting of proteinaceous fluid, and inhibition of net alveolar fluid transport responsible for resolution of pulmonary edema. There is currently no pharmacotherapy that has proven useful to prevent or treat ARDS, and two trials using beta-agonist therapy to treat ARDS demonstrated no effect. Prior studies indicated that IL-8-induced heterologous desensitization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (β2 -AR) led to decreased beta-agonist-induced mobilization of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Interestingly, phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitors have been used in human airway diseases characterized by low intracellular cAMP levels and increases in specific cAMP hydrolyzing activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that PDE4 would mediate IL-8-induced heterologous internalization of the β2 -AR and that PDE4 inhibition would restore beta-agonist-induced functions. We determined that CINC-1 (a functional IL-8 analog in rats) induces internalization of β2 -AR from the cell surface, and arrestin-2, PDE4, and β2 -AR form a complex during this process. Furthermore, we determined that cAMP associated with the plasma membrane was adversely affected by β2 -AR heterologous desensitization. Additionally, we determined that rolipram, a PDE4 inhibitor, reversed CINC-1-induced derangements of cAMP and also caused β2 -AR to successfully recycle back to the cell surface. Finally, we demonstrated that rolipram could reverse CINC-1-mediated inhibition of beta-agonist-induced alveolar fluid clearance in a murine model of trauma-shock. These results indicate that PDE4 plays a role in CINC-1-induced heterologous internalization of the β2 -AR; PDE4 inhibition reverses these effects and may be a useful adjunct in particular ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Rich
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Silas J Leavesley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Angela P Brandon
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cilina A Evans
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - S Vamsee Raju
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,UAB Lung Health Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brant M Wagener
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Gröper J, König GM, Kostenis E, Gerke V, Raabe CA, Rescher U. Exploring Biased Agonism at FPR1 as a Means to Encode Danger Sensing. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041054. [PMID: 32340221 PMCID: PMC7226602 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-based selectivity in signal transduction (biased signaling) is an emerging field of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) research and might allow the development of drugs with targeted activation profiles. Human formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is a GPCR that detects potentially hazardous states characterized by the appearance of N-formylated peptides that originate from either bacteria or mitochondria during tissue destruction; however, the receptor also responds to several non-formylated agonists from various sources. We hypothesized that an additional layer of FPR signaling is encoded by biased agonism, thus allowing the discrimination of the source of threat. We resorted to the comparative analysis of FPR1 agonist-evoked responses across three prototypical GPCR signaling pathways, i.e., the inhibition of cAMP formation, receptor internalization, and ERK activation, and analyzed cellular responses elicited by several bacteria- and mitochondria-derived ligands. We also included the anti-inflammatory annexinA1 peptide Ac2-26 and two synthetic ligands, the W-peptide and the small molecule FPRA14. Compared to the endogenous agonists, the bacterial agonists displayed significantly higher potencies and efficacies. Selective pathway activation was not observed, as both groups were similarly biased towards the inhibition of cAMP formation. The general agonist bias in FPR1 signaling suggests a source-independent pathway selectivity for transmission of pro-inflammatory danger signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieny Gröper
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (J.G.); (V.G.)
- Cells in Motion” Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Gabriele M. König
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (G.M.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (G.M.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Volker Gerke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (J.G.); (V.G.)
- Cells in Motion” Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Carsten A. Raabe
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (J.G.); (V.G.)
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.A.R.); (U.R.); Tel.: +49-(0)251-835-2132 (C.A.R.); +49-(0)251-835-2121(U.R.)
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (J.G.); (V.G.)
- Cells in Motion” Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.A.R.); (U.R.); Tel.: +49-(0)251-835-2132 (C.A.R.); +49-(0)251-835-2121(U.R.)
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Wollam J, Riopel M, Xu YJ, Johnson AMF, Ofrecio JM, Ying W, El Ouarrat D, Chan LS, Han AW, Mahmood NA, Ryan CN, Lee YS, Watrous JD, Chordia MD, Pan D, Jain M, Olefsky JM. Microbiota-Produced N-Formyl Peptide fMLF Promotes Obesity-Induced Glucose Intolerance. Diabetes 2019; 68:1415-1426. [PMID: 31010956 PMCID: PMC6609982 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota and associated metabolites changes dramatically with diet and the development of obesity. Although many correlations have been described, specific mechanistic links between these changes and glucose homeostasis remain to be defined. Here we show that blood and intestinal levels of the microbiota-produced N-formyl peptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, are elevated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the N-formyl peptide receptor Fpr1 leads to increased insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance, dependent upon glucagon-like peptide 1. Obese Fpr1 knockout mice also display an altered microbiome, exemplifying the dynamic relationship between host metabolism and microbiota. Overall, we describe a new mechanism by which the gut microbiota can modulate glucose metabolism, providing a potential approach for the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Wollam
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Andrew M F Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jachelle M Ofrecio
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Dalila El Ouarrat
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jeramie D Watrous
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mahendra D Chordia
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Cussell PJG, Howe MS, Illingworth TA, Gomez Escalada M, Milton NGN, Paterson AWJ. The formyl peptide receptor agonist FPRa14 induces differentiation of Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells into multiple distinct morphologies which can be specifically inhibited with FPR antagonists and FPR knockdown using siRNA. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217815. [PMID: 31170199 PMCID: PMC6553754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) have been identified within neuronal tissues and may serve as yet undetermined functions within the nervous system. The FPRs have been implicated in the progression and invasiveness of neuroblastoma and other cancers. In this study the effects of the synthetic FPR agonist FPRa14, FPR antagonists and FPR knockdown using siRNA on mouse neuroblastoma neuro2a (N2a) cell differentiation plus toxicity were examined. The FPRa14 (1-10μM) was found to induce a significant dose-dependent differentiation response in mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells. Interestingly, three distinct differentiated morphologies were observed, with two non-archetypal forms observed at the higher FPRa14 concentrations. These three forms were also observed in the human neuroblastoma cell-lines IMR-32 and SH-SY5Y when exposed to 100μM FPRa14. In N2a cells combined knockdown of FPR1 and FPR2 using siRNA inhibited the differentiation response to FPRa14, suggesting involvement of both receptor subtypes. Pre-incubating N2a cultures with the FPR1 antagonists Boc-MLF and cyclosporin H significantly reduced FPRa14-induced differentiation to near baseline levels. Meanwhile, the FPR2 antagonist WRW4 had no significant effect on FPRa14-induced N2a differentiation. These results suggest that the N2a differentiation response observed has an FPR1-dependent component. Toxicity of FPRa14 was only observed at higher concentrations. All three antagonists used blocked FPRa14-induced toxicity, whilst only siRNA knockdown of FPR2 reduced toxicity. This suggests that the toxicity and differentiation involve different mechanisms. The demonstration of neuronal differentiation mediated via FPRs in this study represents a significant finding and suggests a role for FPRs in the CNS. This finding could potentially lead to novel therapies for a range of neurological conditions including neuroblastoma, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, this could represent a potential avenue for neuronal regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. G. Cussell
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S. Howe
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A. Illingworth
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nathaniel G. N. Milton
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew W. J. Paterson
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Tan X, Luo M, Liu AP. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis regulates fMLP-mediated neutrophil polarization. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00819. [PMID: 30263974 PMCID: PMC6157066 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A cell's ability to establish polarization is one of the key steps in directional migration. Upon the addition of a chemoattractant, N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), neutrophils rapidly develop a front end marked by a wide and dense actin network which is a feature of cell polarization. Despite a general understanding of bi-directional crosstalk between endocytosis and polarization, it remains unclear how clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) induced by chemoattractant binding to formyl peptide receptor (FPR) affects neutrophil polarization. In this work, we characterized the spatial organization of FPR and clathrin-coated pits (CCPs), the functional unit of CME, with and without fMLP and found that fMLP induced different distributions of FPR and CCPs. We further found that cells had impaired polarization induced by fMLP when CME is inhibited by small molecule inhibitors. Under these conditions, pERK, pAkt308, and pAkt473 were all severely blocked or had altered dynamics. The spatial organization between actin and two major clathrin-mediated endocytic proteins, clathrin and β-arrestin, were distinct and supported clathrin and β-arrestin's functional roles in mediating neutrophil polarization. Together these results suggest that CME plays a pivotal role in a complex process such as cell polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Mingzhi Luo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Allen P. Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Corresponding author.
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Borroni EM, Savino B, Bonecchi R, Locati M. Chemokines sound the alarmin: The role of atypical chemokine in inflammation and cancer. Semin Immunol 2018; 38:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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He L, Fu Y, Deng J, Shen Y, Wang Y, Yu F, Xie N, Chen Z, Hong T, Peng X, Li Q, Zhou J, Han J, Wang Y, Xi J, Kong W. Deficiency of FAM3D (Family With Sequence Similarity 3, Member D), A Novel Chemokine, Attenuates Neutrophil Recruitment and Ameliorates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Development. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:1616-1631. [PMID: 29853563 PMCID: PMC6039426 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— Chemokine-mediated neutrophil recruitment contributes to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and may serve as a promising therapeutic target. FAM3D (family with sequence similarity 3, member D) is a recently identified novel chemokine. Here, we aimed to explore the role of FAM3D in neutrophil recruitment and AAA development. Approach and Results— FAM3D was markedly upregulated in human AAA tissues, as well as both elastase- and CaPO4-induced mouse aneurysmal aortas. FAM3D deficiency significantly attenuated the development of AAA in both mouse models. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that FAM3D−/− mice exhibited decreased neutrophil infiltration in the aorta during the early stage of AAA formation compared with their wild-type littermates. Moreover, application of FAM3D-neutralizing antibody 6D7 through intraperitoneal injection markedly ameliorated elastase-induced AAA formation and neutrophil infiltration. Further, in vitro coculture experiments with FAM3D-neutralizing antibody 6D7 and in vivo intravital microscopic analysis indicated that endothelial cell–derived FAM3D induced neutrophil recruitment. Mechanistically, FAM3D upregulated and activated Mac-1 (macrophage-1 antigen) in neutrophils, whereas inhibition of FPR1 (formyl peptide receptor 1) or FPR2 significantly blocked FAM3D-induced Mac-1 activation, indicating that the effect of FAM3D was dependent on both FPRs. Moreover, specific inhibitors of FPR signaling related to Gi protein or β-arrestin inhibited FAM3D-activated Mac-1 in vitro, whereas FAM3D deficiency decreased the activation of both FPR-Gi protein and β-arrestin signaling in neutrophils in vivo. Conclusions— FAM3D, as a dual agonist of FPR1 and FPR2, induced Mac-1-mediated neutrophil recruitment and aggravated AAA development through FPR-related Gi protein and β-arrestin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Yi Fu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Jingna Deng
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.D., J.H.)
| | - Yicong Shen
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Yingbao Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Fang Yu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Nan Xie
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Zhongjiang Chen
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Tianpei Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China (T.H.)
| | - Xinjian Peng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.P., Q.L., Ying Wang)
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.P., Q.L., Ying Wang)
| | - Jing Zhou
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
| | - Jingyan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.D., J.H.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.P., Q.L., Ying Wang)
| | - Jianzhong Xi
- Department of Biomedicine, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.X.).
| | - Wei Kong
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China (L.H., Y.F., Y.S., Yingbao Wang., F.Y., N.X., Z.C., J.Z., W.K.)
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Franco R, Martínez-Pinilla E, Navarro G, Zamarbide M. Potential of GPCRs to modulate MAPK and mTOR pathways in Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 149-150:21-38. [PMID: 28189739 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite efforts to understand the mechanism of neuronal cell death, finding effective therapies for neurodegenerative diseases is still a challenge. Cognitive deficits are often associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Remarkably, in the absence of consensus biomarkers, diagnosis of diseases such as Alzheimer's still relies on cognitive tests. Unfortunately, all efforts to translate findings in animal models to the patients have been unsuccessful. Alzheimer's disease may be addressed from two different points of view, neuroprotection or cognitive enhancement. Based on recent data, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway arises as a versatile player whose modulation may impact on mechanisms of both neuroprotection and cognition. Whereas direct targeting of mTOR does not seem to constitute a convenient approach in drug discovery, its indirect modulation by other signaling pathways seems promising. In fact, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remain the most common 'druggable' targets and as such pharmacological manipulation of GPCRs with selective ligands may modulate phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and mTOR signaling pathways. Thus, GPCRs become important targets for potential drug treatments in different neurodegenerative disorders including, but not limited to, Alzheimer's disease. GPCR-mediated modulation of mTOR may take advantage of different GPCRs coupled to different G-dependent and G-independent signal transduction routes, of functional selectivity and/or of biased agonism. Signals mediated by GPCRs may act as coincidence detectors to achieve different benefits in different stages of the neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine and IBUB (Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de investigación en Red: Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Pinilla
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine and IBUB (Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de investigación en Red: Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
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Dahlgren C, Gabl M, Holdfeldt A, Winther M, Forsman H. Basic characteristics of the neutrophil receptors that recognize formylated peptides, a danger-associated molecular pattern generated by bacteria and mitochondria. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 114:22-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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