1
|
Chen P, Lin XJ, Ji F, Li Y, Wang ST, Liu Y, Tao ZX, Xu AQ. Evolutionary phylogeography reveals novel genotypes of coxsackievirus A24 variant and updates the spatiotemporal dynamics in the population with acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 124:227-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
2
|
Li J, Huang F, Zhang Y, Ji T, Zhu S, Wang D, Han Z, Xiao J, Si F, Xu W, Yan D. Molecular analysis of Coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from three outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 1988, 1994 and 2007 in Beijing, China. Virol Sin 2022; 37:168-176. [PMID: 35277374 PMCID: PMC9170931 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) is a major pathogen that causes continued outbreaks and pandemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC). In China, the first confirmed outbreak of CVA24v-related AHC occurred in Beijing in 1988, followed by another two significant outbreaks respectively in 1994 and 2007, which coincides with the three-stage dynamic distribution of AHC in the world after 1970s. To illustrate the genetic characteristics of CVA24v in different periods, a total of 23 strains were isolated from those three outbreaks and the whole genome of those isolations were sequenced and analyzed. Compared with the prototype strain, the 23 strains shared four nucleotide deletions in the 5′ UTR except the 0744 strain isolated in 2007. And at the 98th site, one nucleotide insertion was found in all the strains collected from 2007. From 1994 to 2007, amino acid polarity in the VP1 region at the 25th and the 32nd site were changed. Both the 3C and VP1 phylogenetic tree indicated that isolates from 1988 and 1994 belonged to Genotype III (GIII), and 2007 strains to Genotype IV (GIV). According to the Bayesian analysis based on complete genome sequence, the most recent common ancestors for the isolates in 1988, 1994 and 2007 were respectively estimated around October 1987, February 1993 and December 2004. The evolutionary rate of the CVA24v was estimated to be 7.45 × 10−3 substitutions/site/year. Our study indicated that the early epidemic of CVA24v in Chinese mainland was the GIII. Point mutations and amino acid changes in different genotypes of CVA24v may generate intensity differences of the AHC outbreak. CVA24v has been evolving constantly with a relatively rapid rate. The early epidemic of CVA24v in Chinese mainland is the Genotype III. Mutations may generate intensity differences of the AHC outbreak. CVA24v has been evolving constantly with a relatively rapid rate.
Collapse
|
3
|
Fonseca MC, Pupo-Meriño M, García-González LA, Muné M, Resik S, Norder H, Sarmiento L. Molecular Characterization of Coxsackievirus A24v from Feces and Conjunctiva Reveals Epidemiological Links. Microorganisms 2021; 9:531. [PMID: 33807540 PMCID: PMC7998715 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v), the main causative agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), can be isolated from both the eyes and lower alimentary tract. However, the molecular features of CVA24v in feces is not well-documented. In this study, we compared the VP1 and 3C sequences of CVA24v strains isolated from feces during AHC epidemics in Cuba in 1997, 2003, and 2008-2009 with those obtained from conjunctival swabs during the same epidemic period. The sequence analyses of the 3C and VP1 region of stool isolates from the three epidemics showed a high degree of nucleotide identity (ranging from 97.3-100%) to the corresponding conjunctival isolates. The phylogenetic analysis showed that fecal CVA24v isolates from the 1997 and 2003 Cuban outbreaks formed a clade with CVA24v strains isolated from conjunctival swabs in Cuba and other countries during the same period. There were three amino acid changes (3C region) and one amino acid change (VP1 region) in seven CVA24v strains isolated sequentially over 20 days from fecal samples of one patient, suggesting viral replication in the intestine. Despite these substitutions, the virus from the conjunctival swab and fecal samples were genetically very similar. Therefore, fecal samples should be considered as a reliable alternative sample type for the routine molecular diagnosis and molecular epidemiology of CVA24v, also during outbreaks of AHC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magilé C. Fonseca
- Virology Department, Center for Research Diagnosis, and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí”, Havana 11400, Cuba; (M.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Mario Pupo-Meriño
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI), Habana 19370, Cuba;
| | - Luis A. García-González
- Centro de Estudios de Matemática Computacional, Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI), Habana 19370, Cuba;
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, 22860 Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Mayra Muné
- Virology Department, Center for Research Diagnosis, and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí”, Havana 11400, Cuba; (M.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Sonia Resik
- Virology Department, Center for Research Diagnosis, and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí”, Havana 11400, Cuba; (M.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Heléne Norder
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Luis Sarmiento
- Immunovirology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 22185 Malmo, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fonseca MC, Pupo-Meriño M, García-González LA, Resik S, Hung LH, Muné M, Rodríguez H, Morier L, Norder H, Sarmiento L. Molecular evolution of coxsackievirus A24v in Cuba over 23-years, 1986-2009. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13761. [PMID: 32792520 PMCID: PMC7427094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70436-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) is a major causative agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks worldwide, yet the evolutionary and transmission dynamics of the virus remain unclear. To address this, we analyzed and compared the 3C and partial VP1 gene regions of CVA24v isolates obtained from five outbreaks in Cuba between 1986 and 2009 and strains isolated worldwide. Here we show that Cuban strains were homologous to those isolated in Africa, the Americas and Asia during the same time period. Two genotypes of CVA24v (GIII and GIV) were repeatedly introduced into Cuba and they arose about two years before the epidemic was detected. The two genotypes co-evolved with a population size that is stable over time. However, nucleotide substitution rates peaked during pandemics with 4.39 × 10-3 and 5.80 × 10-3 substitutions per site per year for the 3C and VP1 region, respectively. The phylogeographic analysis identified 25 and 19 viral transmission routes based on 3C and VP1 regions, respectively. Pandemic viruses usually originated in Asia, and both China and Brazil were the major hub for the global dispersal of the virus. Together, these data provide novel insight into the epidemiological dynamics of this virus and possibly other pandemic viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magilé C Fonseca
- Virology Department, Center for Research, Diagnosis and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), Novia del Mediodía Km 61/2, La Lisa, Marianao 13, P.O. Box: 601, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Mario Pupo-Meriño
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Centro de Matemática Computacional, Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI), Havana, Cuba
| | - Luis A García-González
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, México
| | - Sonia Resik
- Virology Department, Center for Research, Diagnosis and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), Novia del Mediodía Km 61/2, La Lisa, Marianao 13, P.O. Box: 601, Havana, Cuba
| | - Lai Heng Hung
- Virology Department, Center for Research, Diagnosis and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), Novia del Mediodía Km 61/2, La Lisa, Marianao 13, P.O. Box: 601, Havana, Cuba
| | - Mayra Muné
- Virology Department, Center for Research, Diagnosis and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), Novia del Mediodía Km 61/2, La Lisa, Marianao 13, P.O. Box: 601, Havana, Cuba
| | - Hermis Rodríguez
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Center for Research, Diagnosis and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), Havana, Cuba
| | - Luis Morier
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Biology Faculty, Havana University, Havana, Cuba
| | - Heléne Norder
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Luis Sarmiento
- Immunovirology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Complete genome sequence of a coxsackievirus type A24 variant causing an outbreak of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in southeastern Mexico in 2017. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1015-1018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
6
|
Enfissi A, Joffret ML, Delaune D, Delpeyroux F, Rousset D, Bessaud M. Coxsackievirus A24 Variant Associated with Acute Haemorrhagic Conjunctivitis Cases, French Guiana, 2017. Intervirology 2018; 60:271-275. [DOI: 10.1159/000489339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
7
|
Zhang L, Zhao N, Huang X, Jin X, Geng X, Chan TC, Liu S. Molecular epidemiology of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by coxsackie A type 24 variant in China, 2004-2014. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45202. [PMID: 28332617 PMCID: PMC5362916 DOI: 10.1038/srep45202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand control interventions, the molecular epidemiology of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) was investigated from 2004 to 2014.A total of 613,485 AHC cases (annualized cases 55,771) with two deaths were included. Our findings showed that AHC was reported in all provinces, predominantly in Southern and Eastern China. The incidence rates were highest in 2007 (5.65/100,000) and 2010 (21.78/100,000) respectively. A clear seasonal pattern was identified with a peak from August to October. AHC cases occurred in all age groups; however, five to 14 years was the predominant group [23.06%, 133, 510/578,909]. The median age was 24 years (one month~97 years). The median duration from onset to diagnosis was 1.5 days, and there was no difference between the <15, 15~60 and >60-year-old patients [p = 0.0653]. The phylogenetic analysis of 100 nonstructural proteins (3C) and 84 structural proteins (VP1) revealed that AHC outbreaks were caused by Coxsackievirus A24 variant. Genotypes G4-c5a, G4-c5b, and G4-c3 co-circulated with both temporal and geographical overlaps. In conclusion, despite the overall steady decline in the number of AHC cases since the peak in 2010, it still remains a serious public health problem in Southern and Eastern China that targets on the school aged children under 15 years old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Na Zhao
- National Research Center for Wildlife Borne Diseases, Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiuming Jin
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xingyi Geng
- Emergency Offices, Jinan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Center for Geographic Information Science, Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shelan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|