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Gefaell J, Vigo R, González-Vázquez AH, Galindo J, Rolán-Alvarez E. Temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of a marine snail from NW Spain. Curr Zool 2024; 70:163-173. [PMID: 38726245 PMCID: PMC11078050 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolution and maintenance of color clines is a classic topic of research in evolutionary ecology. However, studies analyzing the temporal dynamics of such clines are much less frequent, due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable data about past color distributions along environmental gradients. In this article, we describe a case of decades-long temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis along the coastal inlet of the Ría de Vigo (NW Spain). L. saxatilis from this area shows a clear color cline with 3 distinct areas from the innermost to the more wave-exposed localities of the Ría: the inner, protected localities show an abundance of fawn-like individuals; the intermediate localities show a high diversity of colors; and the outer, wave-exposed localities show populations with a high frequency of a black and lineated morph. We compare data from the 1970s and 2022 in the same localities, showing that the cline has kept relatively stable for at least over half a century, except for some directional change and local variability in the frequency of certain morphs. Multiple regression analyses and biodiversity measures are presented to provide clues into the selective pressures that might be involved in the maintenance of this color cline. Future research avenues to properly test the explanatory power of these selective agents as well as the possible origins of the cline are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gefaell
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ramón Vigo
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Honorato González-Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Galindo
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Emilio Rolán-Alvarez
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Reeve J, Butlin RK, Koch EL, Stankowski S, Faria R. Chromosomal inversion polymorphisms are widespread across the species ranges of rough periwinkles (Littorina saxatilis and L. arcana). Mol Ecol 2023. [PMID: 37843465 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Inversions are thought to play a key role in adaptation and speciation, suppressing recombination between diverging populations. Genes influencing adaptive traits cluster in inversions, and changes in inversion frequencies are associated with environmental differences. However, in many organisms, it is unclear if inversions are geographically and taxonomically widespread. The intertidal snail, Littorina saxatilis, is one such example. Strong associations between putative polymorphic inversions and phenotypic differences have been demonstrated between two ecotypes of L. saxatilis in Sweden and inferred elsewhere, but no direct evidence for inversion polymorphism currently exists across the species range. Using whole genome data from 107 snails, most inversion polymorphisms were found to be widespread across the species range. The frequencies of some inversion arrangements were significantly different among ecotypes, suggesting a parallel adaptive role. Many inversions were also polymorphic in the sister species, L. arcana, hinting at an ancient origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Reeve
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Roger K Butlin
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Eva L Koch
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sean Stankowski
- Institute of Science and Technology - Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Rui Faria
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
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Luo M, Zhao B, Zhang J, Qin Z. Phenotypic plasticity of the invasive apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, in China: a morphological differentiation analysis. MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2022.2064043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benliang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Harayashiki CAY, Márquez F, Cariou E, Castro ÍB. Mollusk shell alterations resulting from coastal contamination and other environmental factors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114881. [PMID: 32505962 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effects of contamination on aquatic organisms have been investigated and employed as biomarkers in environmental quality assessment for years. A commonly referenced aquatic organism, mollusks represent a group of major interest in toxicological studies. Both gastropods and bivalves have external mineral shells that protects their soft tissue from predation and desiccation. These structures are composed of an organic matrix and an inorganic matrix, both of which are affected by environmental changes, including exposure to hazardous chemicals. This literature review evaluates studies that propose mollusk shell alterations as biomarkers of aquatic system quality. The studies included herein show that changes to natural variables such as salinity, temperature, food availability, hydrodynamics, desiccation, predatory pressure, and substrate type may influence the form, structure, and composition of mollusk shells. However, in the spatial and temporal studies performed in coastal waters around the world, shells of organisms sampled from multi-impacted areas were found to differ in the form and composition of both organic and inorganic matrices relative to shells from less contaminated areas. Though these findings are useful, the toxicological studies were often performed in the field and were not able to attribute shell alterations to a specific molecule. It is known that the organic matrix of shells regulates the biomineralization process; proteomic analyses of shells may therefore elucidate how different contaminants affect shell biomineralization. Further research using approaches that allow a clearer distinction between shell alterations caused by natural variations and those caused by anthropogenic influence, as well as studies to identify which molecule is responsible for such alterations or to determine the ecological implications of shell alterations, are needed before any responses can be applied universally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntia Ayumi Yokota Harayashiki
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Carvalho de Mendonça 144, CEP, 11070-100, Santos, Brazil.
| | - Federico Márquez
- LARBIM - IBIOMAR. CCT CONICET-CENPAT, Bvd. Brown 2915, U9120ACV, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Bvd. Brown 3051, U9120ACV, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Elsa Cariou
- Observatory of Universe Sciences of Nantes-Atlantique, University of Nantes, Campus Lombarderie, 2 Rue de La Houssinière, 44322, Nantes, France
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Carvalho de Mendonça 144, CEP, 11070-100, Santos, Brazil
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Resende RS, Cardoso SJ, D'ávila S. Responses of Leptinaria unilamellata (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) to Novel Micro-Environmental Conditions: Shift in Shell Morphology and the Balance between Protection against Desiccation and Reproductive Success. Zoolog Sci 2020; 37:148-158. [PMID: 32282146 DOI: 10.2108/zs180201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we observed that Leptinaria unilamellata responds to changes in microclimatic conditions through shifts in shell morphology. Over three laboratory generations, shell differences between two populations, representing distinct morphotypes, became less evident. Only F1 generations from both populations showed shell morphometry very similar to the field parental snails, suggesting maternal effect. Snails from the locality with higher values of rainfall, relative humidity and evaporation index and smaller values of temperature and insolation produced more and larger hatchlings. Snails from the locality with less favorable climatic conditions presented shells traits that offer protection against desiccation, but reduce reproductive success. These snails showed smaller offspring production and faster response to a desiccation regime, through changes in conchiometrics. In addition, the results of the present study suggest that the spire index plays a less important role in determining protective properties of the shell of L. unilamellata, in response to desiccation risk, compared to aperture dimension. As shell aperture dimension is an important trait related to resistance to desiccation, and at the same time to reproduction, plastic responses to environmental conditions promoting the balance between survival and reproductive success are critical for the species adaptive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Seixas Resende
- Museu de Malacologia Prof. Maury Pinto de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/n - Martelos, Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone Jaqueline Cardoso
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sthefane D'ávila
- Museu de Malacologia Prof. Maury Pinto de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/n - Martelos, Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Minas Gerais, Brazil, .,Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Minas Gerais, Brazil,
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Rivas MJ, Saura M, Pérez-Figueroa A, Panova M, Johansson T, André C, Caballero A, Rolán-Alvarez E, Johannesson K, Quesada H. Population genomics of parallel evolution in gene expression and gene sequence during ecological adaptation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16147. [PMID: 30385764 PMCID: PMC6212547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural selection often produces parallel phenotypic changes in response to a similar adaptive challenge. However, the extent to which parallel gene expression differences and genomic divergence underlie parallel phenotypic traits and whether they are decoupled or not remains largely unexplored. We performed a population genomic study of parallel ecological adaptation among replicate ecotype pairs of the rough periwinkle (Littorina saxatilis) at a regional geographical scale (NW Spain). We show that genomic changes underlying parallel phenotypic divergence followed a complex pattern of both repeatable differences and of differences unique to specific ecotype pairs, in which parallel changes in expression or sequence are restricted to a limited set of genes. Yet, the majority of divergent genes were divergent either for gene expression or coding sequence, but not for both simultaneously. Overall, our findings suggest that divergent selection significantly contributed to the process of parallel molecular differentiation among ecotype pairs, and that changes in expression and gene sequence underlying phenotypic divergence could, at least to a certain extent, be considered decoupled processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Rivas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Saura
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Andrés Pérez-Figueroa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marina Panova
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, SE-452 96, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Tomas Johansson
- Department of Biology, University of Lund, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl André
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, SE-452 96, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Armando Caballero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Emilio Rolán-Alvarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Kerstin Johannesson
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, SE-452 96, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Humberto Quesada
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
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Kess T, Galindo J, Boulding EG. Genomic divergence between Spanish Littorina saxatilis ecotypes unravels limited admixture and extensive parallelism associated with population history. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:8311-8327. [PMID: 30250705 PMCID: PMC6145028 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The rough periwinkle, Littorina saxatilis, is a model system for studying parallel ecological speciation in microparapatry. Phenotypically parallel wave-adapted and crab-adapted ecotypes that hybridize within the middle shore are replicated along the northwestern coast of Spain and have likely arisen from two separate glacial refugia. We tested whether greater geographic separation corresponding to reduced opportunity for contemporary or historical gene flow between parallel ecotypes resulted in less parallel genomic divergence. We sequenced double-digested restriction-associated DNA (ddRAD) libraries from individual snails from upper, mid, and low intertidal levels of three separate sites colonized from two separate refugia. Outlier analysis of 4256 SNP markers identified 34.4% sharing of divergent loci between two geographically close sites; however, these sites each shared only 9.9%-15.1% of their divergent loci with a third more-distant site. STRUCTURE analysis revealed that genotypes from only three of 166 phenotypically intermediate mid-shore individuals appeared to result from recent hybridization, suggesting that hybrids cannot be reliably identified using shell traits. Hierarchical AMOVA indicated that the primary source of genomic differentiation was geographic separation, but also revealed greater similarity of the same ecotype across the two geographically close sites than previously estimated with dominant markers. These results from a model system for ecological speciation suggest that genomic parallelism is affected by the opportunity for historical or contemporary gene flow between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Kess
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of GuelphGuelphONCanada
| | - Juan Galindo
- Departamento de BioquímicaGenética e InmunologíaFacultad de BiologíaUniversidade de VigoVigoSpain
- Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM‐UVIGO)VigoSpain
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Johannesson K, Butlin RK, Panova M, Westram AM. Mechanisms of Adaptive Divergence and Speciation in Littorina saxatilis: Integrating Knowledge from Ecology and Genetics with New Data Emerging from Genomic Studies. POPULATION GENOMICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/13836_2017_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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