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Santos M, Moreira H, Cabral JA, Gabriel R, Teixeira A, Bastos R, Aires A. Contribution of Home Gardens to Sustainable Development: Perspectives from A Supported Opinion Essay. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013715. [PMID: 36294295 PMCID: PMC9603381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Home gardening has a long history that started when humans became sedentary, being traditionally considered an accessible source of food and medicinal plants to treat common illnesses. With trends towards urbanization and industrialization, particularly in the post-World War II period, the importance of home gardens as important spaces for growing food and medicinal plants reduced and they began to be increasingly seen as decorative and leisure spaces. However, the growing awareness of the negative impacts of agricultural intensification and urbanization for human health, food quality, ecosystem resilience, and biodiversity conservation motivated the emergence of new approaches concerning home gardens. Societies began to question the potential of nearby green infrastructures to human wellbeing, food provisioning, and the conservation of traditional varieties, as well as providers of important services, such as ecological corridors for wild species and carbon sinks. In this context. and to foster adaptive and resilient social-ecological systems, our supported viewpoint intends to be more than an exhaustive set of perceptions, but a reflection of ideas about the important contribution of home gardens to sustainable development. We envision these humble spaces strengthening social and ecological components, by providing a set of diversified and intermingled goods and services for an increasingly urban population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Santos
- Laboratory of Fluvial and Terrestrial Ecology, Innovation and Development Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, Rua do Comercio, 100, Buriticupu 65393-000, MA, Brazil
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro) and Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259350000
| | - Helena Moreira
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro) and Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal
- CIDESD—Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Alexandre Cabral
- Laboratory of Fluvial and Terrestrial Ecology, Innovation and Development Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro) and Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro) and Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Andreia Teixeira
- Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rita Bastos
- Laboratory of Fluvial and Terrestrial Ecology, Innovation and Development Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal
- CIBIO/InBIO/BioPolis, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Aires
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro) and Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Gaget E, Pavón‐Jordán D, Johnston A, Lehikoinen A, Hochachka WM, Sandercock BK, Soultan A, Azafzaf H, Bendjedda N, Bino T, Božič L, Clausen P, Dakki M, Devos K, Domsa C, Encarnação V, Erciyas‐Yavuz K, Faragó S, Frost T, Gaudard C, Gosztonyi L, Haas F, Hornman M, Langendoen T, Ieronymidou C, Kostyushin VA, Lewis LJ, Lorentsen S, Luigujõe L, Meissner W, Mikuska T, Molina B, Musilová Z, Natykanets V, Paquet J, Petkov N, Portolou D, Ridzoň J, Sayoud S, Šćiban M, Sniauksta L, Stīpniece A, Strebel N, Teufelbauer N, Topić G, Uzunova D, Vizi A, Wahl J, Zenatello M, Brommer JE. Benefits of protected areas for nonbreeding waterbirds adjusting their distributions under climate warming. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021; 35:834-845. [PMID: 33009673 PMCID: PMC8247957 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is driving changes in species distributions and community composition. Many species have a so-called climatic debt, that is, shifts in range lag behind shifts in temperature isoclines. Inside protected areas (PAs), community changes in response to climate warming can be facilitated by greater colonization rates by warm-dwelling species, but also mitigated by lowering extirpation rates of cold-dwelling species. An evaluation of the relative importance of colonization-extirpation processes is important to inform conservation strategies that aim for both climate debt reduction and species conservation. We assessed the colonization-extirpation dynamics involved in community changes in response to climate inside and outside PAs. To do so, we used 25 years of occurrence data of nonbreeding waterbirds in the western Palearctic (97 species, 7071 sites, 39 countries, 1993-2017). We used a community temperature index (CTI) framework based on species thermal affinities to investigate species turnover induced by temperature increase. We determined whether thermal community adjustment was associated with colonization by warm-dwelling species or extirpation of cold-dwelling species by modeling change in standard deviation of the CTI (CTISD ). Using linear mixed-effects models, we investigated whether communities in PAs had lower climatic debt and different patterns of community change than communities outside PAs. For CTI and CTISD combined, communities inside PAs had more species, higher colonization, lower extirpation, and lower climatic debt (16%) than communities outside PAs. Thus, our results suggest that PAs facilitate 2 independent processes that shape community dynamics and maintain biodiversity. The community adjustment was, however, not sufficiently fast to keep pace with the large temperature increases in the central and northeastern western Palearctic. Our results underline the potential of combining CTI and CTISD metrics to improve understanding of the colonization-extirpation patterns driven by climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Gaget
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurku20500Finland
| | - Diego Pavón‐Jordán
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)P.O. Box 5685 SluppenTrondheimN‐7485Norway
| | - Alison Johnston
- Cornell Lab of OrnithologyCornell UniversityIthacaNY14850U.S.A.
- Conservation Science Group, Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3QZU.K.
| | - Aleksi Lehikoinen
- The Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of HelsinkiP.O. Box 17Helsinki00100Finland
| | | | - Brett K. Sandercock
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)P.O. Box 5685 SluppenTrondheimN‐7485Norway
| | - Alaaeldin Soultan
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsala750 07Sweden
| | - Hichem Azafzaf
- Association "Les Amis des Oiseaux" (AAO/BirdLife en Tunisie)14, Rue Ibn El Heni, 2ème étage ‐ Bureau N° 4Ariana2080Tunisia
| | | | - Taulant Bino
- Albaninan Ornithological SocietyBulevardi "Gjergj Fishta"Kulla nr.2, kati 4, hyrja 18Tirana1001Albania
| | - Luka Božič
- Društvo za opazovanje in proučevanje ptic Slovenije (DOPPS)Tržaška cesta 2LjubljanaSI‐1000Slovenia
| | - Preben Clausen
- Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityRønde8200Denmark
| | - Mohamed Dakki
- Scientific InstituteMohammed V University of RabatAv. Ibn BattotaRabat‐Agdal10106Morocco
| | - Koen Devos
- Research Institute for Nature and ForestBrussel1070Belgium
| | - Cristi Domsa
- Romanian Ornithological SocietyBd. Hristo Botev, nr.3, ap. 6, Sector 3Bucureşti030231Romania
| | - Vitor Encarnação
- Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas, IP (ICNF)Centro de Estudos de Migrações e Proteção de Aves (CEMPA)Lisboa1050‐191Portugal
| | | | - Sándor Faragó
- Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity of SopronBajcsy‐Zsilinszky u. 4SopronH‐9400Hungary
| | - Teresa Frost
- British Trust for OrnithologyThetfordIP24 2PUU.K.
| | | | - Lívia Gosztonyi
- Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity of SopronBajcsy‐Zsilinszky u. 4SopronH‐9400Hungary
| | - Fredrik Haas
- Department of BiologyLund UniversityLund223 62Sweden
| | - Menno Hornman
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field OrnithologyNijmegen6525 EDThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Vasiliy A. Kostyushin
- Monitoring and Animal Conservation Department, Schmalgausen Institute of ZoologyNAS of Ukrainevul. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15Kyiv01030Ukraine
| | | | - Svein‐Håkon Lorentsen
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNorwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)P.O. Box 5685 SluppenTrondheimN‐7485Norway
| | - Leho Luigujõe
- Department of ZoologyEstonian University of Life SciencesTartu51006Estonia
| | - Włodzimierz Meissner
- Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of GdańskWita Stwosza 59Gdańsk80–308Poland
| | - Tibor Mikuska
- Croatian Society for Bird and Nature ProtectionZagreb1000Croatia
| | - Blas Molina
- Sociedad Española de Ornitología (SEO/BirdLife)Madrid28053Spain
| | - Zuzana Musilová
- Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life SciencesPraha Suchdol 129KamýckáCZ‐165 21Czechia
| | - Viktor Natykanets
- National Academy of Science of BelarusIndependence Avenue 66Minsk220072Republic of Belarus
| | | | - Nicky Petkov
- Bulgarian Society for the Protection of BirdsPO Box 50SofiaBG‐1111Bulgaria
| | - Danae Portolou
- Hellenic Ornithological SocietyThemistokleous str. 80Athens10681Greece
| | | | - Samir Sayoud
- Direction générale des ForêtsBen AknounAlger16000Algérie
| | - Marko Šćiban
- Bird Protection and Study Society of SerbiaVladike Ćirića 24/19, 21000 Novi Sad, Srbija Makedonska 4Beograd11000Srbija
| | - Laimonas Sniauksta
- Lithuanian Ornithological SocietyNaugarduko 47‐3VilniusLT‐03208Lithuania
| | - Antra Stīpniece
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of LatviaSalaspilsLV‐2169Latvia
| | | | | | - Goran Topić
- Nase Ptice Ornithological SocietySarajevoBA–71000Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Danka Uzunova
- Macedonian Ecological SocietyBoris Trajkovski st. 7 No. 9ASkopje1000Macedonia
| | - Andrej Vizi
- Natural History Museum of MontenegroTrg Vojvode Bećir‐bega Osmanagića 16Podgorica81000Montenegro
| | - Johannes Wahl
- Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V. (DDA)Federation of German AvifaunistsMünster48157Germany
| | - Marco Zenatello
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA)Ozzano dell'Emilia40064Italy
| | - Jon E. Brommer
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurku20500Finland
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Gaget E, Galewski T, Jiguet F, Guelmami A, Perennou C, Beltrame C, Le Viol I. Antagonistic effect of natural habitat conversion on community adjustment to climate warming in nonbreeding waterbirds. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2020; 34:966-976. [PMID: 31868276 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the impacts of climate and land-use changes on biodiversity have been widely documented, their joint effects remain poorly understood. We evaluated how nonbreeding waterbird communities adjust to climate warming along a gradient of land-use change. Using midwinter waterbird counts (132 species) at 164 major nonbreeding sites in 22 Mediterranean countries, we assessed the changes in species composition from 1991 to 2010, relative to thermal niche position and breadth, in response to regional and local winter temperature anomalies and conversion of natural habitats. We observed a low-level, nonsignificant community adjustment to the temperature increase where natural habitat conversion occurred. At the sites affected by natural habitat conversion, the relative increase of warm-dwelling species in response to climate warming was 6 times lower and the relative species decline was 3 times higher than in the sites without natural habitat conversion. We found no evidence of community adjustment to climate warming when natural habitat conversion was >5% over 15 years. This strong negative effect suggests an antagonistic interaction between climate warming and habitat change. These results underline the importance of habitat conservation in community adjustment to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Gaget
- Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, Arles, 13200, France
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation-CESCO - UMR 7204 MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Universités, Station de biologie marine, 29900 Concarneau/43 rue Buffon, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Thomas Galewski
- Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, Arles, 13200, France
| | - Frédéric Jiguet
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation-CESCO - UMR 7204 MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Universités, Station de biologie marine, 29900 Concarneau/43 rue Buffon, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Anis Guelmami
- Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, Arles, 13200, France
| | - Christian Perennou
- Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, Arles, 13200, France
| | - Coralie Beltrame
- Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, Arles, 13200, France
| | - Isabelle Le Viol
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation-CESCO - UMR 7204 MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Universités, Station de biologie marine, 29900 Concarneau/43 rue Buffon, Paris, 75005, France
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Fraixedas S, Galewski T, Ribeiro-Lopes S, Loh J, Blondel J, Fontès H, Grillas P, Lambret P, Nicolas D, Olivier A, Geijzendorffer IR. Estimating biodiversity changes in the Camargue wetlands: An expert knowledge approach. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224235. [PMID: 31648229 PMCID: PMC6812746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean wetlands are critical strongholds for biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem functions and services; yet, they are being severely degraded by a number of socio-economic drivers and pressures, including climate change. Moreover, we still lack comprehensive understanding of the extent to which biodiversity loss in Mediterranean wetlands will accelerate change in ecosystem processes. Here, we evaluate how changes in biodiversity can alter the ecosystem of the Camargue (southern France). We collected data on species presence/absence, trends and abundance over a 40-year period by combining observations from the scholarly literature with insights derived from expert knowledge. In total, we gathered more than 1500 estimates of presence/absence, over 1400 estimates of species abundance, and about 1400 estimates of species trends for eight taxonomic groups, i.e. amphibians, reptiles, breeding birds, fish, mammals, dragonflies (odonates), orthopterans and vascular plants. Furthermore, we used information on recently arrived species and invasive species to identify compositional changes across multiple taxa. Complementing targeted literature searches with expert knowledge allowed filling important gaps regarding the status and trends of biodiversity in the Camargue. Species trend data revealed sharp population declines in amphibians, odonates and orthopterans, while birds and plants experienced an average increase in abundance between the 1970s and the 2010s. The general increasing trends of novel and invasive species is suggested as an explanation for the changing abundance of birds and plants. While the observed declines in certain taxa reflect the relative failure of the protection measures established in the Camargue, the increasing exposure to novel and invasive species reveal major changes in the community structure of the different taxonomic groups. This study is the first attempt to assess changes in biodiversity in the Camargue using an expert knowledge approach, and can help manage the uncertainties and complexities associated with rapid social-ecological change in other Mediterranean wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fraixedas
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas Galewski
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
| | - Sofia Ribeiro-Lopes
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
| | - Jonathan Loh
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques Blondel
- Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology–French National Centre for Scientific Research (CEFE-CNRS), UMR 5175, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugo Fontès
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
| | - Patrick Grillas
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
| | - Philippe Lambret
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
- French Odonatological Society (SfO), Bois d'Arcy, France
| | - Delphine Nicolas
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
| | - Anthony Olivier
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
| | - Ilse R. Geijzendorffer
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, Arles, France
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de Arruda Almeida B, Sebastián‐González E, dos Anjos L, Green AJ, Botella F. A functional perspective for breeding and wintering waterbird communities: temporal trends in species and trait diversity. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bia de Arruda Almeida
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação e Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Univ. Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790 Bloco G‐90, 87020900 Maringá Paraná Brazil
| | | | - Luiz dos Anjos
- Depto de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ. Estadual de Londrina, Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | - Andy J. Green
- Dept of Wetland Ecology, Doñana Biological Station EBD‐CSIC Sevilla Spain
| | - Francisco Botella
- Depto de Biología Aplicada, Univ. Miguel Hernández, Elche Alicante Spain
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