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Banakar M, Lankarani KB, Vali M, Tabrizi R, Taherifard E, Akbari M. The effect of mass media campaigns on oral health knowledge: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:15-23. [PMID: 37466282 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Knowledge and awareness gained from mass media can prepare people for lifestyle changes and impact their health and well-being. Considering the differences in the results of primary studies, we decided to conduct this study to evaluate the effect of mass media campaigns on oral health knowledge as a systematic meta-analysis and review. METHOD The databases such as the Web of Sciences (ISI), Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and the Cochrane Library were searched systematically until February 2022. Data pooling was performed using a random effects model. The effect sizes were estimated as odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additional analyses, including sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses, were also conducted. RESULTS Our meta-analysis comprised a total number of seven articles. The pooled results indicated significant increases in oral health knowledge among included studies (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.20-2.24, p < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, the effects of mass media campaigns on oral health knowledge remained significant for the studies with follow-up of less than 150 weeks (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.49-1.91) and working-age populations (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.40-2.32) compared to other categories. CONCLUSION In general, this study showed that mass media campaigns may have positive effects on oral health knowledge, especially in the working-age population; it seems that for improving health knowledge among children, more initiatives are needed. Besides, the effects of these campaigns seem to be time-dependent and higher in shorter follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Banakar
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K B Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohebat Vali
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Valiasr Hospital, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- USERN office, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Erfan Taherifard
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kaneyasu Y, Shigeishi H, Sugiyama M, Ohta K. Effectiveness of e-learning to promote oral health education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36550. [PMID: 38134063 PMCID: PMC10735110 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent times during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, e-learning is increasingly being used to give oral health education. However, the efficacy of e-learning in improving and promoting the oral hygiene and oral health knowledge, attitude and practice is unclear. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to clarify the effectiveness of e-learning compared to other conventional education methods for providing oral health. METHODS An electronic database search was performed on PubMed-Medline, Scopus, and CENTRAL (Central Register Cochrane of Controlled trials). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including cluster or group RCTs, were collected in this study. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Five different meta-analyses were conducted for plaque index, gingival index, oral health knowledge, oral health attitude, and oral health practice using a random effects model. RESULTS A total of 282 articles were found through the database search; 19 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and 9 articles in the quantitative synthesis. The meta-analysis found that compared with conventional education, e-learning exhibited no positive effect. However, the use of e-learning was superior to conventional education methods for oral health practice for adults in subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS This paper could not indicate the effectiveness of e-learning in comparison with conventional education for oral health in total. However, for adults, it may be effective to get the oral health practice compared to the conventional education. Our study limitation is that there are only few studies that have assessed the effectiveness of e-learning. Therefore, numerous further high-quality studies should be conducted regarding the efficacy of e-learning compared with conventional education methods for oral health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshino Kaneyasu
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaru Sugiyama
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, Takarazuka City, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Babaei A, Pakdaman A, Shamshiri AR, Khazaei P, Hessari H. One-year oral health outcome of a community-based trial in schoolchildren aged 6-7 years old in Tehran, Iran. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284366. [PMID: 37083658 PMCID: PMC10120929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Promoting schoolchildren's oral health is important, particularly in developing countries. This study was conducted to monitor the oral health of schoolchildren aged 6-7 years old following the implementation of an oral health promotion program in Tehran, Iran. The protocol was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT20090307001749N4). A cluster random sampling method was applied, and the schools were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. An intervention package consisting of a one-day workshop for parents and supervised toothbrushing for children was employed. In both groups, the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) and Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) were evaluated at baseline and at one-year follow-up in addition to the questionnaire data. Clinical data were collected by calibrated examiners at both intervals (Kappa = 89.8%, 87.68%) and analyzed using the SPSS software ver. 22.0. Of 739 children included at baseline, 593 were re-examined after one year (response rate = 74%). According to the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) analysis, considering the confounding effect of time, significantly more children in the control group had deciduous molars with a score of 3 and higher compared to the intervention group (OR = 1.79; 95% CI:1.17-2.73, p = 0.007). The oral hygiene status of the children significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the controls (B = -0.27; 95% CI: -0.45 --0.08, p = 0.005). After one year, the improvement in the oral health-related attitude of parents and children's oral health behavior was marginally significant in the intervention group compared to the control group [0.2 (0.17) vs. -0.13 (0.05), p = 0.096] and [0.06 (0.06) vs. -0.05 (0.04), p = 0.09], respectively. However, the impact on the oral health-related knowledge and self-reported behavior of the parents was not significant. In the intervention group, children had less caries and a better oral hygiene status compared to the controls after one year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Babaei
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Pakdaman
- Research Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shamshiri
- Research Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Khazaei
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Hessari
- Research Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Goldberg E, Eberhard J, Bauman A, Smith BJ. Mass media campaigns for the promotion of oral health: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:182. [PMID: 35568896 PMCID: PMC9107752 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases are highly prevalent globally and are largely preventable. Individual and group-based education strategies have been dominant in oral health promotion efforts. Population-wide mass media campaigns have a potentially valuable role in improving oral health behaviours and related determinants. This review synthesises evidence from evaluations of these campaigns. Methods A systematic search of major databases was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed articles reporting the evaluation of mass reach (non-interpersonal) communication strategies to address common forms of oral disease (i.e., dental caries, periodontitis, gingivitis). Studies using all types of quantitative design, published in English between 1970 and 2020 were included. Data concerning campaign objectives, content, evaluation methods and findings were extracted. Results Eighteen studies were included from the 499 identified through searching, reporting the findings of 11 campaign evaluations. Two of these used controlled quasi-experimental designs, with the remainder using pre- and post-test (N = 5) or post-test only designs (N = 4). Message recall, as a measure of exposure, was reported in eight campaigns with short-term (≤ 8 weeks) recall ranging from 30 to 97%. Eight studies examined impacts upon oral health knowledge, with four of the five measuring this at baseline and follow-up reporting improvements. From the eight studies measuring oral health behaviours or use of preventative services, six that compared baseline and follow-up reported improvements (N = 2 in children, N = 4 in adults). Conclusion There are relatively few studies reporting the evaluation of mass media campaigns to promote oral health at the population level. Further, there is limited application of best-practice methods in campaign development, implementation and evaluation in this field. The available findings indicate promise in terms of achieving campaign recall and short-term improvements in oral health knowledge and behaviours. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02212-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- Sydney School of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Westmead Applied Research Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Lev 6, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ben J Smith
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. .,Westmead Applied Research Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Lev 6, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Lwamba E, Shisler S, Ridlehoover W, Kupfer M, Tshabalala N, Nduku P, Langer L, Grant S, Sonnenfeld A, Anda D, Eyers J, Snilstveit B. Strengthening women's empowerment and gender equality in fragile contexts towards peaceful and inclusive societies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1214. [PMID: 36913184 PMCID: PMC8904729 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Across the globe, gender disparities still exist with regard to equitable access to resources, participation in decision-making processes, and gender and sexual-based violence. This is particularly true in fragile and conflict-affected settings, where women and girls are affected by both fragility and conflict in unique ways. While women have been acknowledged as key actors in peace processes and post-conflict reconstruction (e.g., through the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 and the Women, Peace and Security Agenda) evidence on the effectiveness of gender-specific and gender-transformative interventions to improve women's empowerment in fragile and conflict-affected states and situations (FCAS) remains understudied. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review was to synthesize the body of evidence around gender-specific and gender-transformative interventions aimed at improving women's empowerment in fragile and conflict-affected settings with high levels of gender inequality. We also aimed to identify barriers and facilitators that could affect the effectiveness of these interventions and to provide implications for policy, practice and research designs within the field of transitional aid. METHODS We searched for and screened over 100,000 experimental and quasi-experimental studies focused on FCAS at the individual and community levels. We used standard methodological procedures outlined by the Campbell Collaboration for the data collection and analysis, including quantitative and qualitative analyses, and completed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) methodology to assess the certainty around each body of evidence. RESULTS We identified 104 impact evaluations (75% randomised controlled trials) assessing the effects of 14 different types of interventions in FCAS. About 28% of included studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias (45% among quasi-experimental designs). Interventions supporting women's empowerment and gender equality in FCAS produced positive effects on the outcomes related to the primary focus of the intervention. There are no significant negative effects of any included interventions. However, we observe smaller effects on behavioural outcomes further along the causal chain of empowerment. Qualitative syntheses indicated that gender norms and practices are potential barriers to intervention effectiveness, while working with local powers and institutions can facilitate the uptake and legitimacy of interventions. CONCLUSIONS We observe gaps of rigorous evidence in certain regions (notably MENA and Latin America) and in interventions specifically targeting women as actors of peacebuilding. Gender norms and practices are important elements to consider in programme design and implementation to maximise potential benefits: focusing on empowerment only might not be enough in the absence of targeting the restrictive gender norms and practices that may undermine intervention effectiveness. Lastly, programme designers and implementation should consider explicitly targeting specific empowerment outcomes, promoting social capital and exchange, and tailoring the intervention components to the desired empowerment-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Lwamba
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
| | - Shannon Shisler
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
| | | | - Meital Kupfer
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
| | | | - Promise Nduku
- Africa Centre for EvidenceUniversity of JohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Laurenz Langer
- Africa Centre for EvidenceUniversity of JohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Sean Grant
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
- Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndiana
| | - Ada Sonnenfeld
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
| | - Daniela Anda
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
| | - John Eyers
- International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)LondonUK
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Babaei A, Pakdaman A, Hessari H. Effect of an Oral Health Promotion Program Including Supervised Toothbrushing on 6 to 7-Year-Old School Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Dent 2021; 17:1-9. [PMID: 33615295 PMCID: PMC7883658 DOI: 10.18502/fid.v17i19.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose was to evaluate the impact of an oral health promotion program including supervised toothbrushing and educational packages for parents on parent's knowledge and oral health status of 6- to 7-year-old schoolchildren. Materials and Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was applied, and schools were allocated to intervention and control groups. After ethical clearance and baseline evaluation, an intervention package consisting of supervised toothbrushing at the school setting, an educational package for parents, and a home package containing toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste (1000 parts-per-million) were delivered. A post-intervention evaluation was performed after one month on parents' oral health knowledge and oral hygiene of children using the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S). Schools were considered as a unit of randomization, and a generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis was performed to apply the cluster effect. Descriptive and analytical analyses were performed using SPSS 22 software. Results Overall, 701 subjects were re-examined (response rate of 95%). At the one-month follow-up, being in the intervention group (P<0.001, B=-0.028, 95% confidence interval (CI)= -0.33, -0.23) and having higher socioeconomic status [P=0.01, B=-0.12, 95% CI=-0.22, -0.03) were significantly associated with improved oral hygiene status. In the post-test evaluation, parents' knowledge improvement score regarding oral health in the intervention group was not statistically different from that of the controls (0.51 vs. 0.23). However, the ΔOHI-S improved in the post-test evaluation (-0.27±0.02 vs. 0.02±0.02; P<0.001). Conclusion Children showed improved oral hygiene status, as measured by the OHI-S, after the program consisting of supervised toothbrushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Babaei
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Pakdaman
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Hessari
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fukuhara D, Ekuni D, Kataoka K, Taniguchi-Tabata A, Uchida-Fukuhara Y, Toyama N, Yoneda T, Sugiura Y, Islam MM, Saho H, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. Relationship between oral hygiene knowledge, source of oral hygiene knowledge and oral hygiene behavior in Japanese university students: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236259. [PMID: 32702010 PMCID: PMC7377407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine whether oral hygiene knowledge, and the source of that knowledge, affect oral hygiene behavior in university students in Japan. An oral exam and questionnaire survey developed to evaluate oral hygiene knowledge, the source of that knowledge, and oral hygiene behavior, such as the frequency of tooth brushing and regular dental checkups and the use of dental floss, was conducted on university student volunteers. In total, 310 students with poor tooth brushing behavior (frequency of tooth brushing per day [≤ once]), 1,963 who did not use dental floss, and 1,882 who did not receive regular dental checkup during the past year were selected. Among these students, 50, 364, and 343 in each respective category were analyzed in over the 3-year study period (follow-up rates: 16.1%, 18.5%, and 18.2%, respectively). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for oral hygiene behavior were calculated based on oral hygiene knowledge and the source of that knowledge using logistic regression models. The results showed that dental clinics were the most common (> 50%) source of oral hygiene knowledge, and that a more frequent use of dental floss was significantly associated with dental clinics being a source of oral hygiene knowledge (OR, 4.11; 95%CI, 1.871–9.029; p < 0.001). In addition, a significant association was seen between dental clinics being a source of oral hygiene knowledge and more frequent regular dental checkups (OR, 13.626; 95%CI, 5.971–31.095; p < 0.001). These findings suggest the existence of a relationship between dental clinics being the most common source of oral hygiene knowledge and improved oral hygiene behavior in Japanese university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Fukuhara
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kota Kataoka
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Oral Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoki Toyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yoneda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sugiura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Md. Monirul Islam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hikari Saho
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Chegini Z, Janati A, Babaie J, Pouraghaei M. Exploring the barriers to patient engagement in the delivery of safe care in Iranian hospitals: A qualitative study. Nurs Open 2020; 7:457-465. [PMID: 31871731 PMCID: PMC6917972 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate barriers to patient engagement in the delivery of safe hospital care. Design Qualitative exploratory study. Methods A qualitative study with 35 Iranian health professionals was conducted from February to April 2019 using semi-structured interviews to elicit their opinions. MAXQDA 11 software was used for data management, and the data were analysed using framework analysis. Results Barriers, which potentially have negative impact on patient engagement in the delivery of safer care, were categorized into four themes. The first category included patient-related barriers such as low levels of health literacy, ineffective education, patient unwillingness and cultural barriers. The second category included staff-related barriers such as the existence of negative attitudes towards engaging patients in matters relating to patient safety, ineffective communication, high workload and the reluctance on the part of physicians to engage with patients. Barriers created by limited resources and inadequate training provided by universities and in the workplace formed the third category and community-related barriers such as the inadequate dissemination of information via the mass media and a lack of community-based services formed the fourth category. Conclusion Results demonstrate the multilayered nature of the significant barriers to the engagement of patients in the delivery of safe care and reflect the need for a collaborative approach between the recipients of care, researchers, care providers and policy makers if these are to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chegini
- Department of Health Services ManagementFaculty of Management and Medical InformaticsTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Ali Janati
- Department of Health Services ManagementFaculty of Management and Medical InformaticsTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Health ManagementSchool of Management and Medical InformaticsTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Javad Babaie
- Department of Health Services ManagementFaculty of Management and Medical InformaticsTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mahboub Pouraghaei
- Emergency Medicine Research TeamFaculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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9
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Varela‐Centelles P, Diz‐Iglesias P, Estany‐Gestal A, Blanco‐Hortas A, Bugarín‐González R, Seoane‐Romero JM. Regular dental attendance and periodontal health knowledge: A cross‐sectional survey. Oral Dis 2019; 26:419-428. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Varela‐Centelles
- Galician Health Service EOXI Lugo Cervo e Monforte de Lemos Lugo Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Pedro Diz‐Iglesias
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Ana Estany‐Gestal
- Epidemiology, Statistics, and Research Methodology Unit IDIS Foundation Santiago de Compostela and Lugo Spain
| | - Andrés Blanco‐Hortas
- Epidemiology, Statistics, and Research Methodology Unit IDIS Foundation Santiago de Compostela and Lugo Spain
| | | | - Juan M. Seoane‐Romero
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Oviedo Oviedo Spain
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10
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Ncube MV, Chimbari MJ. A prospective risk assessment of the implementation of a schistosomiasis preventive mass drug administration for children aged five years and below in the uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:685. [PMID: 31590663 PMCID: PMC6781343 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis is endemic in the uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The South Africa Department of Health (DoH) has decided to implement a schistosomiasis preventive mass drug administration program in all affected parts of the country. Quality management is part of the strategic objectives of the treatment program. We conducted a risk assessment and developed guidelines for the quality management of a schistosomiasis preventive treatment program for children aged 5 years and below in the uMkhanyakude District of KwaZulu-Natal. Methods We conducted a scenario planning exercise by interviewing 10 child health experts from the uMkhanyakude Health District to establish potential risks associated with a planned schistosomiasis preventive control treatment program for children aged 5 years old and below. The risks were analyzed using a modified Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). An FMEA table was produced to guide the quality management of the planned schistosomiasis preventive control treatment program for children aged 5 years and below in the uMkhanyakude Health District. Results We identified potential risks, failure modes and possible failure corrective/preventive measures in the following activities that would be part of the mass treatment of children aged 5 years and below infected with schistosomiasis in the uMkhanyakude District. These included enrolment of children into the treatment program; general health checks; weight and height measurements; administration of drugs; reporting of side effects and monitoring and evaluation. Conclusion We were able to use FMEA guide quality management and identify potential risks associated with the planned schistosomiasis preventive treatment program for children aged 5 years old and below in the uMkhanyakude District of KwaZulu-Natal. The FMEA for this program will be useful to the quality management of schistosomiasis preventive treatment programs for this age group in other similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhlengi Vella Ncube
- School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Moses John Chimbari
- School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Durban, South Africa
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11
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Varela-Centelles P, Diz-Iglesias P, Estany-Gestal A, Ulloa-Morales Y, Bugarín-González R, Seoane-Romero JM. Primary care physicians and nurses: Targets for basic periodontal education. J Periodontol 2018; 89:915-923. [PMID: 29603221 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis may improve patients' quality of life and reduce the lifelong social and financial burden inherent to treatment. Growing evidence supports the importance of a healthy periodontium in systemic health. Diagnosis depends on the patient and the healthcare professional. As many patients seek physicians' advice first, this study aims at assessing periodontal knowledge in a general population and their primary care physicians and nurses. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using an anonymous questionnaire applied to randomly selected laypersons (March to June 2016), and to physicians and nurses at their workplaces (October to December 2016) in Ourense, Spain. Sample size for the general population was determined by quota sampling. RESULTS A total of 1,469 people entered the study. All healthcare workers and 624 (47.1%) laypersons were familiar with periodontitis. Bacterial etiology of periodontitis was recognized by 25 (4%) laypersons, 23 (34.3%) physicians, and 11 (16.6%) nurses. The following periodontal problems were experienced: 1) gingival redness: laypersons 14.4%, physicians 16.4%, and nurses 21.2%; 2) gingival bleeding: laypersons 22.2%, physicians 50.7%, and nurses 50%; 3) tooth mobility: laypersons 34.9%, physicians 7.4%, and nurses 6%; and 4) bleeding while toothbrushing: laypersons 44.3%, physicians 8.9%, and nurses 15.1%. More than a third of laypersons (37%) think periodontitis is related to other health problems, together with 53% of physicians and 47% of nurses. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a low degree of periodontal knowledge both amongst the public and their primary care physicians and nurses and unveil unreliable targets (primary healthcare workers) for educational interventions to improve early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Varela-Centelles
- Healthcare Centre (CS) Praza do Ferrol. Organizative Structure of Integrated Management (EOXI) Lugo, Cervo, e Monforte, Galician Health Service, Lugo, Spain.,Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Pedro Diz-Iglesias
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Estany-Gestal
- Unit of Research Methodology and Statistics, Ramón Domínguez Foundation for Research, Development and Innovation in Biomedical Research, Santiago de Compostela University Hospital, Galician Health Service. Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Yaima Ulloa-Morales
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Rosendo Bugarín-González
- Scientific and Technical Advice Unit, avalia-t. Galician Agency for Health Knowledge Management (ACIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan M Seoane-Romero
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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Associations between dental knowledge, source of dental knowledge and oral health behavior in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179298. [PMID: 28594914 PMCID: PMC5464648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between dental knowledge, the source of dental knowledge and oral health behavior in a group of students at a university in Japan. A total of 2,220 university students (1,276 males, 944 females) volunteered to undergo an oral examination and answer a questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed dental knowledge, the source of dental knowledge and oral health behavior (e.g., daily frequency of tooth brushing, use of dental floss and regular dental checkups). The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for oral health behavior based on dental knowledge and source of dental knowledge were calculated using logistic regression models. Of the participants, 1,266 (57.0%) students obtained dental knowledge from dental clinics, followed by school (39.2%) and television (29.1%). Logistic regression analyses indicated that use of dental floss was significantly associated with source of dental knowledge from dental clinics (P = 0.006). Receiving regular dental checkups was significantly associated with source of dental knowledge; the positive source was dental clinic (P < 0.001) and the negative sources were school (P = 0.004) and television (P = 0.018). Dental clinic was the most common source of dental knowledge and associated with better oral health behavior among the Japanese university students in this study.
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