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Isselbacher EM, Preventza O, Hamilton Black J, Augoustides JG, Beck AW, Bolen MA, Braverman AC, Bray BE, Brown-Zimmerman MM, Chen EP, Collins TJ, DeAnda A, Fanola CL, Girardi LN, Hicks CW, Hui DS, Schuyler Jones W, Kalahasti V, Kim KM, Milewicz DM, Oderich GS, Ogbechie L, Promes SB, Ross EG, Schermerhorn ML, Singleton Times S, Tseng EE, Wang GJ, Woo YJ, Faxon DP, Upchurch GR, Aday AW, Azizzadeh A, Boisen M, Hawkins B, Kramer CM, Luc JGY, MacGillivray TE, Malaisrie SC, Osteen K, Patel HJ, Patel PJ, Popescu WM, Rodriguez E, Sorber R, Tsao PS, Santos Volgman A, Beckman JA, Otto CM, O'Gara PT, Armbruster A, Birtcher KK, de Las Fuentes L, Deswal A, Dixon DL, Gorenek B, Haynes N, Hernandez AF, Joglar JA, Jones WS, Mark D, Mukherjee D, Palaniappan L, Piano MR, Rab T, Spatz ES, Tamis-Holland JE, Woo YJ. 2022 ACC/AHA guideline for the diagnosis and management of aortic disease: A report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 166:e182-e331. [PMID: 37389507 PMCID: PMC10784847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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Horst K, Lambertz A, Meister FA, Kalverkamp S, Hildebrand F. ["Stop the bleeding"-Acute bleeding control in injuries to the trunk and extremities]. UNFALLCHIRURGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023:10.1007/s00113-023-01309-w. [PMID: 36988661 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-023-01309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Trauma-related blood loss is still associated with a high mortality and is a major factor in the development of a deadly triad consisting of acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy. Sources of bleeding occur particularly in the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic regions as well as in the extremities. For control of bleeding a timely identification of the source of bleeding and the initiation of a targeted treatment are essential. The principles are to stop the blood loss as soon as possible and to restore the lost volume to avoid the complications associated with traumatic hemorrhage. Surgical treatment in the acute situation is especially important due to its efficiency. The present article focuses on the current literature with respect to the appropriate diagnostic and treatment measures in the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic regions as well as the extremities and describes the latest scientific insights and developments. Available trauma algorithms are presented and the value of various strategies regarding surgical hemostasis for the thorax and abdomen are shown, whereby organ preservation can increasingly be achieved, particularly in the abdomen. With respect to hemostasis in severe pelvic injuries and injuries to the extremities, the regularly used surgical techniques are described and their values are differentially classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Horst
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52072, Aachen, Deutschland.
| | - Andreas Lambertz
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Franziska A Meister
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
| | | | - Frank Hildebrand
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52072, Aachen, Deutschland
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Isselbacher EM, Preventza O, Hamilton Black J, Augoustides JG, Beck AW, Bolen MA, Braverman AC, Bray BE, Brown-Zimmerman MM, Chen EP, Collins TJ, DeAnda A, Fanola CL, Girardi LN, Hicks CW, Hui DS, Schuyler Jones W, Kalahasti V, Kim KM, Milewicz DM, Oderich GS, Ogbechie L, Promes SB, Gyang Ross E, Schermerhorn ML, Singleton Times S, Tseng EE, Wang GJ, Woo YJ. 2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2022; 146:e334-e482. [PMID: 36322642 PMCID: PMC9876736 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 167.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. Structure: Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce E Bray
- AHA/ACC Joint Committee on Clinical Data Standards liaison
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Y Joseph Woo
- AHA/ACC Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines liaison
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4
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Isselbacher EM, Preventza O, Hamilton Black Iii J, Augoustides JG, Beck AW, Bolen MA, Braverman AC, Bray BE, Brown-Zimmerman MM, Chen EP, Collins TJ, DeAnda A, Fanola CL, Girardi LN, Hicks CW, Hui DS, Jones WS, Kalahasti V, Kim KM, Milewicz DM, Oderich GS, Ogbechie L, Promes SB, Ross EG, Schermerhorn ML, Times SS, Tseng EE, Wang GJ, Woo YJ. 2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 80:e223-e393. [PMID: 36334952 PMCID: PMC9860464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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Park H, Shin TG, Kim WY, Jo YH, Hwang YJ, Choi SH, Lim TH, Hna KS, Shin J, Suh GJ, Kang GH, Kim KS, Korean Shock Society investigators. Current updates in acute traumatic aortic injury: radiologic diagnosis and management. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2022; 9:73-83. [PMID: 35843607 PMCID: PMC9288877 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.22.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute traumatic aortic injuries, which have substantial lethal outcomes at the time of admission, are fatal in 80% to 90% of cases. These injuries are relatively rare and have nonspecific clinical presentations. Radiologists and emergency physicians need to identify the radiological signs of acute traumatic aortic injury and differentiate them from common imaging errors to ensure accurate diagnosis and determine appropriate management protocols. In combination with image-guided interventions, advances in cross-sectional imaging have enabled nonsurgical management of acute traumatic aortic injuries. Timely and precise diagnoses of these injuries following prompt treatment are essential as up to 90% of patients presenting at the hospital can undergo early repair.
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Jerkku T, Tsilimparis N, Banafsche R. Die Gefäßverletzung – eine unterschätzte Entität? GEFÄSSCHIRURGIE 2022; 27:156-169. [PMID: 35495898 PMCID: PMC9040697 DOI: 10.1007/s00772-022-00892-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund In der Traumatologie sind Gefäße eher selten betroffen und isolierte vaskuläre Traumata (VT) sind rar. Es existieren daher wenig belastbare und aktuelle Zahlen zu Inzidenz und Mortalität. Fragestellung Es wird anhand ausgewählter Referenzen sowie eigener abgeschlossener und laufender Studien aus Registerdaten des TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) zum VT im Rahmen der Schwerverletztenversorgung in Deutschland berichtet. Material und Methode Pointierte Literaturübersicht und Bericht über 2 retrospektive Auswertungen von Datensätzen des TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU): Daten mit moderatem bis schwerem VT im Verletzungsmuster werden mit Daten ohne VT (non-VT) bei gleicher Verletzungsschwere verglichen. Zielgrößen sind Morbidität, Mortalität sowie Verlaufs- und Prognoseparameter. Ergebnisse In der Auswertung 2002–2012 (TR-DGU Projekt-ID 2013-011) zeichnete sich der Einfluss von Allokation und Versorgungsstufe der Traumazentren auf erwartete (EM) und beobachtete Mortalität (OM) von 2961 Fällen mit VT unter 42.326 Schwerverletzten (7 %) ab: Die Differenz von OM zu EM bei VT beträgt + 3,4 % vs. ± 0,1 % bei non-VT. Aufgrund der OM bei schwerem VT von 33,8 % vs. 16,4 % bei non-VT mit gleicher Verletzungsschwere wurde 2018 eine Folgeauswertung veranlasst (2008–2017; TR-DGU Projekt-ID 2018-045). Hier kann die Substratifizierung von isoliertem, führendem und begleitendem VT in der Versorgungsrealität signifikante Effekte von Versorgungsstufe, Allokation und Transport auf die OM zeigen. Nur bei VT zeigt sich eine relevante Nichtübereinstimmung von OM zu EM. Im Mittel etwa + 2 % und in Hochrisikokonstellationen mit VT bis zu + 29 % als Maß für die Relevanz von VT in der Traumaversorgung. Schlussfolgerungen Diese Ergebnisse legen eine weitere Optimierung der Schwerverletztenversorgung bei VT nahe, da sich VT-Vigilanz, Allokation, Transport und eine niedrigschwellige Frühverlegung als Ansatzpunkte ableiten lassen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jerkku
- Abteilung Gefäßchirurgie und Endovaskuläre Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
- Present Address: Abteilung für Gefäßchirurgie, Klinikum Landkreis Erding, Erding, Deutschland
| | - Nikolaos Tsilimparis
- Abteilung Gefäßchirurgie und Endovaskuläre Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Ramin Banafsche
- Abteilung Gefäßchirurgie und Endovaskuläre Chirurgie, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
- VASQLAR. Facharztzentrum für Gefäßmedizin, Hauptstr. 5 B, 82319 Starnberg, Deutschland
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Diagnostic value of chest radiography in the early management of severely injured patients with mediastinal vascular injury. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2022; 48:4223-4231. [PMID: 35389063 PMCID: PMC9532297 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-022-01966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Time is of the essence in the management of severely injured patients. This is especially true in patients with mediastinal vascular injury (MVI). This rare, yet life threatening injury needs early detection and immediate decision making. According to the ATLS guidelines [American College of Surgeon Committee on Trauma in Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®), 10th edn, 2018], chest radiography (CXR) is one of the first-line imaging examinations in the Trauma Resuscitation Unit (TRU), especially in patients with MVI. Yet thorough interpretation and the competence of identifying pathological findings are essential for accurate diagnosis and drawing appropriate conclusion for further management. The present study evaluates the role of CXR in detecting MVI in the early management of severely injured patients. Method We addressed the question in two ways. (1) We performed a retrospective, observational, single-center study and included all primary blunt trauma patients over a period of 2 years that had been admitted to the TRU of a Level-I Trauma Center. Mediastinal/chest (M/C) ratio measurements were calculated from CXRs at three different levels of the mediastinum to identify MVI. Two groups were built: with MVI (VThx) and without MVI (control). The accuracy of the CXR findings were compared with the results of whole-body computed tomography scans (WBCT). (2) We performed another retrospective study and evaluated the usage of sonography, CXR and WBCT over 15 years (2005–2019) in level-I–III Trauma Centers in Germany as documented in the TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU). Results Study I showed that in 2 years 267 patients suffered from a significant blunt thoracic trauma (AIS ≥ 3) and met the inclusion criteria. 27 (10%) of them suffered MVI (VThx). Through the initial CXR in a supine position, MVI was detected in 56–92.6% at aortic arch level and in 44.4–100% at valve level, depending on different M/C-ratios (2.0–3.0). The specificity at different thresholds of M/C ratio was 63.3–2.9% at aortic arch level and 52.9–0.4% at valve level. The ROC curve showed a statistically random process. No significant differences of the cardiac silhouette were observed between VThx and Control (mean cardiac width was 136.5 mm, p = 0.44). Study II included 251,095 patients from the TR-DGU. A continuous reduction of the usage of CXR in the TRU could be observed from 75% in 2005 to 25% in 2019. WBCT usage increased from 35% in 2005 to 80% in 2019. This development was observed in all trauma centers independently from their designated level of care. Conclusion According to the TRU management guidelines (American College of Surgeon Committee on Trauma in Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®), 10th edn, 2018; Reissig and Kroegel in Eur J Radiol 53:463–470, 2005) CXR in supine position is performed to detect pneumothorax, hemothorax and MVI. Our study showed that sensitivity and specificity of CXR in detecting MVI was statistically and clinically not reliable. Previous studies have already shown that CXR is inferior to sonography in detecting pneumothorax and hemothorax. Therefore, we challenge the guidelines and suggest that the use of CXR in the early management of severely injured patients should be individualized. If sonography and WBCT are available and reasonable, CXR is unnecessary and time consuming. The clinical reality reflected in the usage of CXR and WBCT over time, as documented in the TR-DGU, seems to support our statement.
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8
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Niranjan N, Samarasinghe P, Di Mascio D, Hsu JM. Blunt thoracic aortic injury resulting in free rupture into the pleural space and cardiac arrest, managed successfully with endovascular stenting. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e248211. [PMID: 35351753 PMCID: PMC8966516 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) is an uncommon yet serious diagnosis in trauma patients, with high on-scene mortality. BTAI typically occurs from rapid deceleration such as in motor vehicle collisions or high-altitude falls shearing the aorta just proximal to the ligamentum arteriosum. We report a case of a man in his 50s falling from a height of 15 m who presented hypotensive with retrosternal chest pain. Mobile chest X-ray showed a widened mediastinum with left-sided haemothorax. CT revealed a contained free aortic rupture just inferior to the origin of the left subclavian artery with bleeding into the mediastinum and left pleural space. The patient underwent urgent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) but arrested on-table due to a left-sided tension haemothorax requiring chest-drain decompression and haemostatic resuscitation. After return of spontaneous circulation, TEVAR was successfully performed. BTAI is a dynamic process; hence, timely imaging and minimally invasive surgical treatment are key to patients surviving grade III and IV aortic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Niranjan
- Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Delfino Di Mascio
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeremy M Hsu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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Al-Thani H, Hakim S, Asim M, Basharat K, El-Menyar A. Patterns, management options and outcome of blunt thoracic aortic injuries: a 20-year experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2022; 48:4079-4091. [PMID: 35286404 PMCID: PMC9532277 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-022-01930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blunt Thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) is the second leading cause of mortality after head injuries in blunt trauma patients. There is a paucity of information on the presentation, management and outcome of BTAIs from the Middle Eastern region. We explored the patterns, management options and outcomes of BTAIs in a level I trauma center. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study on all adult patients who were admitted with BTAIs between 2000 and 2020. Patients were compared for the management option (conservative vs endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) vs open surgery) and outcomes. Comparison between the respective groups was performed using one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables, and Pearson chi-square test for categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analysis were performed for the outcome. RESULTS Eighty-seven patients had BTAI (82% male) with mean age 37.3 ± 14.5 years. The mean injury severity score was 30 ± 10 and the aortic injury grade was III (I-IV). Grade III (41.4%) and Grade IV (33.3%) injuries were more common followed by Grade II (13.8%) and Grade I (11.5%). Forty percent of cases were treated conservatively whereas aortic interventions were performed in 60% of cases (n = 52). The TEVAR was performed in 33 patients (63.5%), and 19 (36.5%) were treated with open surgery (14 with graft interposition and 5 with clamp and direct repair). The aortic injury grade was significantly higher in the intervention groups as compared to the conservative group (p = 0.001). Patients with Grade IV injuries were more likely to be treated by open repair whereas a higher frequency of patients with grade III was managed by TEVAR (p = 0.001). All the patients with Grade I-II were treated conservatively. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 25.3% and it was significantly higher in the conservative group (40.0%) in comparison to the open repair (31.6%) and TEVAR (6.1%) group (P = 0.004). More of the non-survivors sustained head injuries (P = 0.004), had higher ISS (P = 0.001) and greater aortic injury grades (P = 0.002), and were treated non-operatively (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS BTAI seems not common in trauma, however, one quarter of cases died in a level 1 trauma center, prehospital deaths were not analyzed, and postmortem examination was lacking. The associated head injury and aortic injury grade have an impact on the management option and hospital outcome. The conservative and TEVAR options were performed almost equally in 78% of cases. TEVAR and open surgery were performed only for aortic injury grade III or IV whereas the conservative treatment was offered for selected cases among the 4 injury grades. However, the mortality was higher in the conservative followed by the open surgery group and mostly due to the associated severe head injury. TEVAR should be considered for patients requiring intervention unless contraindicated due to technical difficulties. Appropriately selected patients with low-grade injuries may be managed conservatively. Long-term follow-up is needed in young adults for concerns of aortic remodeling and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Al-Thani
- Trauma and Vascular Surgery Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suhail Hakim
- Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Section, HGH, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Section, HGH, Doha, Qatar. .,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
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10
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Boutin L, Caballero MJ, Guarrigue D, Hammad E, Rennuit I, Delhaye N, Neuschwander A, Meyer A, Bitot V, Mathais Q, Boutonnet M, Julia P, Olaf M, Duranteau J, Hamada SR. Blunt Traumatic Aortic Injury Management, a French TraumaBase Analytic Cohort. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2022; 63:401-409. [PMID: 35144894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI) in severe trauma patients is rare but potentially lethal. The aim of this work was to perform a current epidemiological analysis of the clinical and surgical management of these patients in a European country. METHODS This was a multicentre, retrospective study using prospectively collected data from the French National Trauma Registry and the National Uniform Hospital Discharge Database from 10 trauma centres in France. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of BTAI. The secondary endpoints focused chronologically on injury characteristics, management, and patient outcomes. RESULTS 209 patients were included with a mean age of 43 ± 19 years and 168 (80%) were men. The calculated prevalence of BTAI at hospital admission was 1% (162/15 094) (BTAI admissions/all trauma). The time to diagnosis increased with the severity of aortic injury and the clinical severity of the patients (grade 1: 94 [74, 143] minutes to grade 4: 154 [112, 202] minutes, p = .020). This delay seemed to be associated with the intensity of the required resuscitation. Sixty seven patients (32%) received no surgical treatment. Among those treated, 130 (92%) received endovascular treatment, 14 (10%) open surgery (two were combined), and 123 (85%) were treated within the first 24 hours. Overall mortality was 20% and the attributed cause of death was haemorrhagic shock (69%). Mortality was increased according to aortic injury severity, from 6% for grade 1 to 65% for grade 4 (p < .001). Twenty-six (18.3%) patients treated by endovascular aortic repair had complications. CONCLUSION BTAI prevalence at hospital admission was low but occurred in severe high velocity trauma patients and in those with a high clinical suspicion of severe haemorrhage. The association of shock with high grade aortic injury and increasing time to diagnosis suggests a need to optimise early resuscitation to minimise the time to treatment. Endovascular treatment has been established as the reference treatment, accounting for more than 90% of interventional treatment options for BTAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Boutin
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, DMU Parabol, FHU PROMICE, Université de Paris, France; INSERM, UMR 942, MASCOT, Cardiovascular Marker in Stress Condition, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Josée Caballero
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Delphine Guarrigue
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Hammad
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Nord, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Rennuit
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, APHP, Université de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Nathalie Delhaye
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Arthur Neuschwander
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Meyer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Bitot
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil, France
| | - Quentin Mathais
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Military Teaching Hospital Sainte-Anne, Toulon, France
| | - Mathieu Boutonnet
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart, France
| | - Pierre Julia
- Departement of Vascular Surgery, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mercier Olaf
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Jacques Duranteau
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Sophie R Hamada
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France; CESP, INSERM, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
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11
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Prevalence and outcome of abdominal vascular injury in severe trauma patients based on a TraumaRegister DGU international registry analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20247. [PMID: 34642399 PMCID: PMC8511261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study details the etiology, frequency and effect of abdominal vascular injuries in patients after polytrauma based on a large registry of trauma patients. The impact of arterial, venous and mixed vascular injuries on patients' outcome was of interest, as in particular the relevance of venous vessel injury may be underestimated and not adequately assessed in literature so far. All patients of TraumaRegister DGU with the following criteria were included: online documentation of european trauma centers, age 16-85 years, presence of abdominal vascular injury and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) ≥ 3. Patients were divided in three groups of: arterial injury only, venous injury only, mixed arterial and venous injuries. Reporting in this study adheres to the STROBE criteria. A total of 2949 patients were included. All types of abdominal vessel injuries were more prevalent in patients with abdominal trauma followed by thoracic trauma. Rate of patients with shock upon admission were the same in patients with arterial injury alone (n = 606, 33%) and venous injury alone (n = 95, 32%). Venous trauma showed higher odds ratio for in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.48; 95% CI 1.10-1.98, p = 0.010). Abdominal arterial and venous injury in patients suffering from severe trauma were associated with a comparable rate of hemodynamic instability at the time of admission. 24 h as well as in-hospital mortality rate were similar in in patients with venous injury and arterial injury. Stable patients suspected of abdominal vascular injuries should be further investigated to exclude or localize the possible subtle venous injury.
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12
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Ma DS, Jeon YB. Single-Center Clinical Analysis of Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Injuries: A Retrospective Observational Study. JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND INJURY 2021. [DOI: 10.20408/jti.2021.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Combined fenestrated/chimney thoracic endovascular repair for the treatment of blunt traumatic aortic injury: A case report. Chin J Traumatol 2021; 24:140-143. [PMID: 33678538 PMCID: PMC8173584 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) is an extremely serious medical condition with a high rate of associated mortality. Recent advances in techniques such as thoracic endovascular repair offer new opportunities to manage the critical BTAI patients in an efficacious yet less invasive manner. A 65 year-old-male suffered from multiple injuries after a fall, including BTAI in the aortic arch, which resulted in dissection of the descending thoracic-abdominal aorta and iliac artery, development of an intimal flap in the left common carotid artery, and dissection of the left subclavian artery. Based on the imaging information of this patient and our clinical experience, the combined treatment of fenestrated thoracic endovascular repair and a chimney technique was immediately planned to fully repair these dissections and moreover prevent further dissection of the branching vessels, additionally to ensure sufficient blood flow in the left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery. The intervention yielded satisfactory early outcomes. Follow-up assessment at six months reported no symptoms or complications associated with the stent-graft. Computed tomography angiography further confirmed adequate stent-graft coverage of the aortic injury.
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Zambetti BR, Huang DD, Lewis RH, Fischer PE, Croce MA, Magnotti LJ. Use of Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair in Patients with Concomitant Blunt Aortic and Traumatic Brain Injury. J Am Coll Surg 2020; 232:416-422. [PMID: 33348014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blunt aortic injury (BAI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) represent the 2 leading causes of death after blunt trauma. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of TBI and use of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) on patients with BAI, using a large, national dataset. STUDY DESIGN Patients with BAI were identified from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database over 10 years, ending in 2016. Patients with BAI were stratified by the presence of concomitant TBI and compared. Multivariable logistic regression (MLR) analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of mortality in BAI patients with and without TBI. Youden's index was used to identify the optimal time to TEVAR in these patients. RESULTS 17,040 patients with BAI were identified, with 4,748 (28%) having a TBI. Patients with BAI and TBI were predominantly male, with a higher injury burden and greater severity of shock at presentation, underwent fewer TEVAR procedures, and had increased mortality compared with BAI patients without TBI. The optimal time for TEVAR was 9 hours. Mortality was significantly increased in patients undergoing TEVAR before 9 hours (12.9% vs 6.5%, p = 0.003). For BAI patients with and without TBI, MLR identified use of TEVAR as the only modifiable risk factor significantly associated with reduced mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.41; 95%CI 0.32-0.54, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS TBI significantly increases mortality in BAI patients. TEVAR and delayed repair both significantly reduced mortality. So, for patients with both BAI and TBI, an endovascular repair performed in a delayed fashion should be the preferred approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Zambetti
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Dih-Dih Huang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Richard H Lewis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Peter E Fischer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Martin A Croce
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Louis J Magnotti
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
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15
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Management and In-hospital Mortality of 2235 Patients With a Traumatic Intimal Tear of the Thoracic Aorta. Ann Surg 2020; 276:186-192. [DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Alarhayem AQ, Rasmussen TE, Farivar B, Lim S, Braverman M, Hardy D, Jenkins DJ, Eastridge BJ, Cestero RF. Timing of repair of blunt thoracic aortic injuries in the thoracic endovascular aortic repair era. J Vasc Surg 2020; 73:896-902. [PMID: 32682070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is the preferred operative treatment of blunt thoracic aortic injuries (BTAIs). Its use is associated with improved outcomes compared with open surgical repair and nonoperative management. However, the optimal time from injury to repair is unknown and remains a subject of debate across different societal practice guidelines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate national trends in the management of BTAI, with a specific focus on the impact of timing of repair on outcomes. METHODS Using the National Trauma Data Bank, we identified adult patients with BTAI between 2012 and 2017. Patients with prehospital or emergency department cardiac arrest or incomplete data sets were excluded from analysis. Patients were classified according to timing of repair: group 1, <24 hours; and group 2, ≥24 hours. The primary outcome evaluated was in-hospital mortality; secondary outcomes included overall hospital and intensive care unit length of stay. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of mortality. RESULTS The analysis was completed for 2821 patients who underwent TEVAR for BTAI with known operative times. The overall mortality in the patient cohort was 8.4% (238/2821); 75% of patients undergoing TEVAR were repaired within 24 hours. Mortality was more than twofold greater in group 1 compared with group 2 (9.8% [207/2118] vs 4.4% [31/703]; P = .001). This mortality benefit persisted across injury severity groups and was independent of the presence of serious extrathoracic injuries. Logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age ≥65 years, Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤8, systolic blood pressure ≤90 mm Hg at admission, and serious extrathoracic injuries, showed a higher adjusted mortality in group 1 (odds ratio, 2.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.66-3.91; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients with BTAI undergo endovascular repair within 24 hours of injury. Patients undergoing delayed repair have improved survival compared with those repaired within the first 24 hours of injury in spite of similar injury patterns and severity. In patients with BTAIs without signs of imminent rupture, delaying endovascular repair beyond 24 hours after injury should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd E Rasmussen
- Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Md.
| | - Behzad Farivar
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sungho Lim
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Max Braverman
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex
| | - David Hardy
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Donald J Jenkins
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex
| | - Brian J Eastridge
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex
| | - Ramon F Cestero
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex
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Thoracic endovascular aortic repair with left subclavian artery reconstruction for blunt traumatic aortic injury in elderly patients. J Interv Med 2019; 2:150-153. [PMID: 34805892 PMCID: PMC8562287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jimed.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
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18
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Fadel R, El-Menyar A, ElKafrawy S, Gad MG. Traumatic blunt cardiac injuries: An updated narrative review. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2019; 9:113-119. [PMID: 31620349 PMCID: PMC6792398 DOI: 10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_29_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Blunt cardiac injury (BCI) is defined as injuries sustained due to blunt trauma to the heart, and it remains unchanged for long time. The spectrum of BCI ranges from a minor "bruise" to specific postcontusion cardiac conditions such as free-wall rupture. This is a narrative review provides a continued and updates details regarding BCIs from 2008 to 2017. For this purpose, a narrative review of literature was conducted using appropriate database for retrieval of articles through systematic search methodology. Autopsy-based studies are very limited. It can be concluded that regardless of the variability in the spectrum of modalities and medical/surgical resources, BCIs diagnosis and management remain a puzzle and needs further prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayyan Fadel
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Surgery, Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Samir ElKafrawy
- Department of Anesthesia, ElSahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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Marcaccio CL, Dumas RP, Huang Y, Yang W, Wang GJ, Holena DN. Delayed endovascular aortic repair is associated with reduced in-hospital mortality in patients with blunt thoracic aortic injury. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:64-73. [PMID: 29452832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The traditional approach to stable blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) endorsed by the Society for Vascular Surgery is early (<24 hours) thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Recently, some studies have shown improved mortality in stable BTAI patients repaired in a delayed manner (≥24 hours). However, the indications for use of delayed TEVAR for BTAI are not well characterized, and its overall impact on the patient's survival remains poorly understood. We sought to determine whether delayed TEVAR is associated with a decrease in mortality compared with early TEVAR in this population. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with BTAI (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis code 901.0) who underwent TEVAR (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision procedure code 39.73) from 2009 to 2013 using the National Sample Program data set. Missing physiologic data were imputed using chained multiple imputation. Patients were parsed into groups based on the timing of TEVAR (early, <24 hours, vs delayed, ≥24 hours). The χ2, Mann-Whitney, and Fisher exact tests were used to compare baseline characteristics and outcomes of interest between groups. Multivariable logistic regression for mortality was performed that included all variables significant at P ≤ .2 in univariate analyses. RESULTS A total of 2045 adult patients with BTAI were identified, of whom 534 (26%) underwent TEVAR. Patients with missing data on TEVAR timing were excluded (n = 27), leaving a total of 507 patients for analysis (75% male; 69% white; median age, 40 years [interquartile range, 27-56 years]; median Injury Severity Score [ISS], 34 [interquartile range, 26-41]). Of these, 378 patients underwent early TEVAR and 129 underwent delayed TEVAR. The two groups were similar with regard to age, sex, race, ISS, and presenting physiology. Mortality was 11.9% in the early TEVAR group vs 5.4% in the delayed group, with the early group displaying a higher odds of death (odds ratio, 2.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-5.36; P = .042). After adjustment for age, ISS, and admission physiology, the association between early TEVAR and mortality was preserved (adjusted odds ratio, 2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-5.67; P = .047). CONCLUSIONS Consistent with current Society for Vascular Surgery recommendations, more BTAI patients underwent early TEVAR than delayed TEVAR during the study period. However, delayed TEVAR was associated with significantly reduced mortality in this population. Together, these findings support a need for critical appraisal and clarification of existing practice guidelines in management of BTAI. Future studies should seek to understand this survival disparity and to determine optimal selection of patients for early vs delayed TEVAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan P Dumas
- Division of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Yanlan Huang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Wei Yang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Grace J Wang
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Daniel N Holena
- Division of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
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