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Trejo-Salazar RE, Gámez N, Escalona-Prado E, Scheinvar E, Medellín RA, Moreno-Letelier A, Aguirre-Planter E, Eguiarte LE. Historical, temporal, and geographic dynamism of the interaction between Agave and Leptonycteris nectar-feeding bats. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16222. [PMID: 37561648 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The interaction between ecological and evolutionary processes has been recognized as an important factor shaping the evolutionary history of species. Some authors have proposed different ecological and evolutionary hypotheses concerning the relationships between plants and their pollinators; a special case is the interaction and suspected coevolution among Agave spp. and their main pollinators, the Leptonycteris bats. Agave spp. have, in general, a pollination syndrome compatible with chiropterophily including floral shape and size, nocturnal nectar production, and nectar quality and sugar concentration. Our goal was to analyze the interaction Agave-Leptonycteris and its dynamics during three different climate scenarios. METHODS We modeled the Agave-Leptonycteris interaction in its spatial and temporal components during the Pleistocene using Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) and three climate scenarios: Current, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and Last InterGlacial (LIG). Furthermore, we analyzed the geographic correlation between 96 Agave spp. and two of the Mexican Tequila bats, genus Leptonycteris. RESULTS We found that Leptonycteris spp. interact with different Agave spp. over their migratory routes. We propose an interaction refuge in Metztitlán and Tehuacán-Cuicatlán areas, where Agave- Leptonycteris interaction has probably remained active. During the nonmigratory season, both bat species consume nectar of almost the same Agave spp., suggesting the possibility of a diffuse coevolution among Agave and Leptonycteris bats. CONCLUSIONS We propose that in the areas related to migratory bat movements, each bat species interacts with different Agave spp., whereas in the areas occupied by nonmigrant individuals, both bat species consume nectar of almost the same Agave taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto-Emiliano Trejo-Salazar
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Exterior s/n Anexo al Jardín Botánico, 04510, Ciudad de México
- Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Niza Gámez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Emiliano Escalona-Prado
- Jardín Botánico Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Enrique Scheinvar
- Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rodrigo A Medellín
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de Vertebrados Terrestres, Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandra Moreno-Letelier
- Jardín Botánico Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Erika Aguirre-Planter
- Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Chincoya DA, Arias S, Vaca-Paniagua F, Dávila P, Solórzano S. Phylogenomics and Biogeography of the Mammilloid Clade Revealed an Intricate Evolutionary History Arose in the Mexican Plateau. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040512. [PMID: 37106713 PMCID: PMC10135466 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Mexico harbors ~45% of world’s cacti species richness. Their biogeography and phylogenomics were integrated to elucidate the evolutionary history of the genera Coryphantha, Escobaria, Mammillaria, Mammilloydia, Neolloydia, Ortegocactus, and Pelecyphora (Mammilloid Clade). We analyzed 52 orthologous loci from 142 complete genomes of chloroplast (103 taxa) to generate a cladogram and a chronogram; in the latter, the ancestral distribution was reconstructed with the Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis model. The ancestor of these genera arose ~7 Mya on the Mexican Plateau, from which nine evolutionary lineages evolved. This region was the site of 52% of all the biogeographical processes. The lineages 2, 3 and 6 were responsible for the colonization of the arid southern territories. In the last 4 Mya, the Baja California Peninsula has been a region of prolific evolution, particularly for lineages 8 and 9. Dispersal was the most frequent process and vicariance had relevance in the isolation of cacti distributed in the south of Mexico. The 70 taxa sampled as Mammillaria were distributed in six distinct lineages; one of these presumably corresponded to this genus, which likely had its center of origin in the southern part of the Mexican Plateau. We recommend detailed studies to further determine the taxonomic circumscription of the seven genera.
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Baiakhmetov E, Ryzhakova D, Gudkova PD, Nobis M. Evidence for extensive hybridisation and past introgression events in feather grasses using genome-wide SNP genotyping. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:505. [PMID: 34724894 PMCID: PMC8559405 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proper identification of feather grasses in nature is often limited due to phenotypic variability and high morphological similarity between many species. Among plausible factors influencing this issue are hybridisation and introgression recently detected in the genus. Nonetheless, to date, only a bounded set of taxa have been investigated using integrative taxonomy combining morphological and molecular data. Here, we report the first large-scale study on five feather grass species across several hybrid zones in Russia and Central Asia. In total, 302 specimens were sampled in the field and classified based on the current descriptions of these taxa. They were then genotyped with high density genome-wide markers and measured based on a set of morphological characters to delimitate species and assess levels of hybridisation and introgression. Moreover, we tested species for past introgression and estimated divergence times between them. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that 250 specimens represent five distinct species: S. baicalensis, S. capillata, S. glareosa, S. grandis and S. krylovii. The remaining 52 individuals provided evidence for extensive hybridisation between S. capillata and S. baicalensis, S. capillata and S. krylovii, S. baicalensis and S. krylovii, as well as to a lesser extent between S. grandis and S. krylovii, S. grandis and S. baicalensis. We detected past reticulation events between S. baicalensis, S. krylovii, S. grandis and inferred that diversification within species S. capillata, S. baicalensis, S. krylovii and S. grandis started ca. 130-96 kya. In addition, the assessment of genetic population structure revealed signs of contemporary gene flow between populations across species from the section Leiostipa, despite significant geographical distances between some of them. Lastly, we concluded that only 5 out of 52 hybrid taxa were properly identified solely based on morphology. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that hybridisation is an important mechanism driving evolution in Stipa. As an outcome, this phenomenon complicates identification of hybrid taxa in the field using morphological characters alone. Thus, integrative taxonomy seems to be the only reliable way to properly resolve the phylogenetic issue of Stipa. Moreover, we believe that feather grasses may be a suitable genus to study hybridisation and introgression events in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Baiakhmetov
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
- Research laboratory 'Herbarium', National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36 Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Daria Ryzhakova
- Research laboratory 'Herbarium', National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36 Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Altai State University, Lenin 61 Ave., 656049, Barnaul, Russia
| | - Polina D Gudkova
- Research laboratory 'Herbarium', National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36 Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Altai State University, Lenin 61 Ave., 656049, Barnaul, Russia
| | - Marcin Nobis
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
- Research laboratory 'Herbarium', National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin 36 Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
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Vaissi S. Historic range dynamics in Kaiser's mountain newt ( Neurergus kaiseri): Insights from phylogeographic analyses and species distribution modeling. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:7622-7633. [PMID: 34188839 PMCID: PMC8216884 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulnerable Kaiser's mountain newt, Neurergus kaiseri, is endemic to highland streams, springs, and pools of the southwestern Zagros mountain, Iran. The present study aimed to use an integration of phylogeographical and species distribution modeling (SDM) approaches to provide new insights into the evolutionary history of the species throughout Quaternary climate oscillations. The phylogeographical analysis was followed by analyzing two mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) markers including 127 control region (D-loop) and 72 NADH dehydrogenase 2 (ND2) sequences from 15 populations in the entire species range that were obtained from GenBank. Potential recent and past distribution (the Last Glacial Maximum, LGM, 21 Kya and the Mid-Holocene, 6 Kya) reconstructed by ensemble SDM using nine algorithms with CCSM4, MIROC-ESM, and MPI-ESM-P models. N. kaiseri displayed two distinct lineages in the northern and southern regions that diverged in the Early-Pleistocene. The demographics analysis showed signs of a slight increase in effective population size for both northern and southern populations in the Mid-Pleistocene. Biogeography analysis showed that both vicariance and dispersal events played an important role in the formation of recent species distribution of N. kaiseri. Based on SDM projection onto paleoclimatic data, N. kaiseri displayed a scenario of past range expansion that followed by postglacial contraction. The models showed that the distribution range of the species may have shifted to a lower altitude during LGM while with amelioration of climatic during Mid-Holocene to recent conditions caused the species to shift to the higher altitude. The findings of the current study support the hypothesis that the Zagros mountains may be acting as climatic refugia and play an important role in the protection of isolated populations during climate oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Vaissi
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceRazi UniversityKermanshahIran
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Cervantes CR, Hinojosa-Alvarez S, Wegier A, Rosas U, Arias S. Evaluating the monophyly of Mammillaria series Supertextae (Cactaceae). PHYTOKEYS 2021; 177:25-42. [PMID: 33967580 PMCID: PMC8099837 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.177.62915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mammillaria (Cactaceae) taxonomy has been historically problematic due to the morphological variability and sympatry of the species. This has led to several proposals for infrageneric classification, including subgeneric, section and series categories. Mammillaria ser. Supertextae is one of 15 series and is made up of a variable set of species that are mainly distributed in southern Mexico and Central America. However, the phylogenetic relationships within M. ser. Supertextae and its relationship to other Mammillaria taxa are far from fully understood. Here we attempt to elucidate these relationships using complete terminal sampling and newly obtained chloroplast marker sequences and comparing them to Mammillaria species sequences from GenBank. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that M. ser. Supertextae comprises a well-supported monophyletic group that diverged approximately 2.1 Mya and has M. ser. Polyacanthae as its sister group; however, relationships within M. ser. Supertextae remain unresolved. The topology obtained within M. ser. Supertextae must also be interpreted under the distribution shared by these taxa, but it is difficult to differentiate ancestral polymorphisms from possible introgression, given the short time elapsed and the markers used. Our results show that the infrageneric units of M. haageana and M. albilanata can be considered independent evolutionary units. We also suggest that the relationship between M. haageana and M. albilanata is convoluted because their distribution overlaps (mainly towards southern Mexico), with genetic differences that possibly indicate they represent more than two taxonomic entities. One possible explanation is that there could still be gene flow between these taxa, and we might be witnessing an ongoing speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian R. Cervantes
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Ana Wegier
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Ulises Rosas
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Salvador Arias
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Martínez-Noguez JJ, León de la Luz JL, Delgadillo Rodríguez J, García-De León FJ. Phylogeography and genetic structure of an iconic tree of the Sonoran Desert, the Cirio (Fouquieria columnaris), based on chloroplast DNA. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe have examined the phylogeographical distribution of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) lineages of Fouquieria columnaris (Kellogg) Kellogg ex Curran (Fouquieriaceae) in the Sonoran Desert, to understand how historical climatic and/or geological changes have influenced genetic patterns in the species. Using two chloroplast intergenic DNA spacers (psbJ-petA and ndhF-rpl32), we found low levels of nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0025) but high levels of haplotype diversity (h = 0.9339). Analysis of 28 haplotypes revealed four lineages, one belonging to the continental massif and three to the peninsula of Baja California. This structure may be explained and dated by three events: (1) formation of the Gulf of California during the late Miocene (7.24 Mya), (2) activity of the Tres Vírgenes volcanic field (1.20 Mya) and (3) opening of the mid-peninsula seaway during the late Pleistocene (1.53 Mya). Furthermore, the cpDNA lineages show evidence for population contraction during the Last Glacial Maximum, with a subsequent population expansion in the Holocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué J Martínez-Noguez
- Laboratorio de Genética para la Conservación, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S. C. (CIBNOR), Calle IPN #195, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - José Luis León de la Luz
- HCIB Herbarium, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S. C. (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo Santa Rita, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - José Delgadillo Rodríguez
- BCMEX Herbarium, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Ensenada, BC, Mexico
| | - Francisco J García-De León
- Laboratorio de Genética para la Conservación, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S. C. (CIBNOR), Calle IPN #195, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
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Guerrero PC, Majure LC, Cornejo-Romero A, Hernández-Hernández T. Phylogenetic Relationships and Evolutionary Trends in the Cactus Family. J Hered 2020; 110:4-21. [PMID: 30476167 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esy064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the cactus family are keystone species of arid and semiarid biomes in the Americas, as they provide shelter and resources to support other members of ecosystems. Extraordinary examples are the several species of flies of the genus Drosophila that lay eggs and feed in their rotting stems, which provide a model system for studying evolutionary processes. Although there is significant progress in understanding the evolution of Drosophila species, there are gaps in our knowledge about the cactus lineages hosting them. Here, we review the current knowledge about the evolution of Cactaceae, focusing on phylogenetic relationships and trends revealed by the study of DNA sequence data. During the last several decades, the availability of molecular phylogenies has considerably increased our understanding of the relationships, biogeography, and evolution of traits in the family. Remarkably, although succulent cacti have very low growth rates and long generation times, they underwent some of the fastest diversifications observed in the plant kingdom, possibly fostered by strong ecological interactions. We have a better understanding of the reproductive biology, population structure and speciation mechanisms in different clades. The recent publication of complete genomes for some species has revealed the importance of phenomena such as incomplete lineage sorting. Hybridization and polyploidization are common in the family, and have been studied using a variety of phylogenetic methods. We discuss potential future avenues for research in Cactaceae, emphasizing the need of a concerted effort among scientists in the Americas, together with the analyses of data from novel sequencing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo C Guerrero
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Chile, Concepción, Chile
| | - Lucas C Majure
- Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, AZ.,Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Amelia Cornejo-Romero
- Departamento de Botánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Dorsey BL, Gregory TJ, Sass C, Specht CD. Pleistocene diversification in an ancient lineage: a role for glacial cycles in the evolutionary history of Dioon Lindl. (Zamiaceae). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2018; 105:1512-1530. [PMID: 30229556 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Recent estimates of crown ages for cycad genera (Late Miocene) challenge us to consider what processes have produced the extant diversity of this ancient group in such relatively little time. Pleistocene climate change has driven major shifts in species distributions in Mexico and may have led to speciation in the genus Dioon by forcing populations to migrate up in elevation, thereby becoming separated by topography. METHODS We inferred orthologs from transcriptomes of five species and sequenced these in 42 individuals representing all Dioon species. From these data and published plastid sequences, we inferred dated species trees and lineage-specific diversification rates. KEY RESULTS Analyses of 84 newly sequenced nuclear orthologs and published plastid data confirm four major clades within Dioon, all of Pleistocene age. Gene tree analysis, divergence dates, and an increase in diversification rate support very recent and rapid divergence of extant taxa. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the Pleistocene age of Dioon species and implicates Pleistocene climate change and established topography in lineage spitting. These results add to our understanding of the cycads as evolutionarily dynamic lineages, not relicts or evolutionary dead ends. We also find that well-supported secondary calibration points can be reliable in the absence of fossils. Our hypothesis of lineage splitting mediated by habitat shifts may be applicable to other taxa that are restricted to elevation specific ecotones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Dorsey
- The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens, San Marino, CA, 91108, USA
| | - Timothy J Gregory
- University of California Botanical Garden, 200 Centennial Drive, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chodon Sass
- Department of Integrative Biology and the University and Jepson Herbaria, 431 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chelsea D Specht
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, 412 Mann Library Building, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
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