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Wang X, Liao J, Shi H, Zhao Y, Ke W, Wu H, Liu G, Li X, He C. Granulosa Cell-Layer Stiffening Prevents Escape of Mural Granulosa Cells from the Post-Ovulatory Follicle. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403640. [PMID: 38946588 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Ovulation is vital for successful reproduction. Following ovulation, cumulus cells and oocyte are released, while mural granulosa cells (mGCs) remain sequestered within the post-ovulatory follicle to form the corpus luteum. However, the mechanism underlying the confinement of mGCs has been a longstanding mystery. Here, in vitro and in vivo evidence is provided demonstrating that the stiffening of mGC-layer serves as an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that prevents mGCs from escaping the post-ovulatory follicles. The results from spatial transcriptome analysis and experiments reveal that focal adhesion assembly, triggered by the LH (hCG)-cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling cascade, is necessary for mGC-layer stiffening. Disrupting focal adhesion assembly through RNA interference results in stiffening failure, mGC escape, and the subsequent development of an abnormal corpus luteum characterized by decreased cell density or cavities. These findings introduce a novel concept of "mGC-layer stiffening", shedding light on the mechanism that prevents mGC escape from the post-ovulatory follicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jianning Liao
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hongru Shi
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yongheng Zhao
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Ke
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Changjiu He
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Livestock, Wuhan, 832003, P. R. China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technolgy Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan, 100193, P. R. China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P. R. China
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Vann K, Weidner AE, Walczyk AC, Astapova O. Paxillin knockout in mouse granulosa cells increases fecundity†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:669-683. [PMID: 37552051 PMCID: PMC10651069 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Paxillin is an intracellular adaptor protein involved in focal adhesions, cell response to stress, steroid signaling, and apoptosis in reproductive tissues. To investigate the role of paxillin in granulosa cells, we created a granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mouse model using Cre recombinase driven by the Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor 2 gene promoter. Female granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mice demonstrated increased fertility in later reproductive age, resulting in higher number of offspring when bred continuously up to 26 weeks of age. This was not due to increased numbers of estrous cycles, ovulated oocytes per cycle, or pups per litter, but this was due to shorter time to pregnancy and increased number of litters in the granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mice. The number of ovarian follicles was not significantly affected by the knockout at 30 weeks of age. Granulosa-specific paxillin knockout mice had slightly altered estrous cycles but no difference in circulating reproductive hormone levels. Knockout of paxillin using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) in human granulosa-derived immortalized KGN cells did not affect cell proliferation or migration. However, in cultured primary mouse granulosa cells, paxillin knockout reduced cell death under basal culture conditions. We conclude that paxillin knockout in granulosa cells increases female fecundity in older reproductive age mice, possibly by reducing granulosa cell death. This study implicates paxillin and its signaling network as potential granulosa cell targets in the management of age-related subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Vann
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Adelaide E Weidner
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ariana C Walczyk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Olga Astapova
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Martoriati A, Molinaro C, Marchand G, Fliniaux I, Marin M, Bodart JF, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Lefebvre T, Dehennaut V, Cailliau K. Follicular cells protect Xenopus oocyte from abnormal maturation via integrin signaling downregulation and O-GlcNAcylation control. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104950. [PMID: 37354972 PMCID: PMC10366548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenopus oocytes are encompassed by a layer of follicular cells that contribute to oocyte growth and meiosis in relation to oocyte maturation. However, the effects of the interaction between follicular cells and the oocyte surface on meiotic processes are unclear. Here, we investigated Xenopus follicular cell function using oocyte signaling and heterologous-expressing capabilities. We found that oocytes deprotected from their surrounding layer of follicular cells and expressing the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) and the Grb7 adaptor undergo accelerated prophase I to metaphase II meiosis progression upon stimulation by EGF. This unusual maturation unravels atypical spindle formation but is rescued by inhibiting integrin β1 or Grb7 binding to the EGFR. In addition, we determined that oocytes surrounded by their follicular cells expressing EGFR-Grb7 exhibit normal meiotic resumption. These oocytes are protected from abnormal meiotic spindle formation through the recruitment of O-GlcNAcylated Grb7, and OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase), the enzyme responsible for O-GlcNAcylation processes, in the integrin β1-EGFR complex. Folliculated oocytes can be forced to adopt an abnormal phenotype and exclusive Grb7 Y338 and Y188 phosphorylation instead of O-GlcNAcylation under integrin activation. Furthermore, an O-GlcNAcylation increase (by inhibition of O-GlcNAcase), the glycosidase that removes O-GlcNAc moieties, or decrease (by inhibition of OGT) amplifies oocyte spindle defects when follicular cells are absent highlighting a control of the meiotic spindle by the OGT-O-GlcNAcase duo. In summary, our study provides further insight into the role of the follicular cell layer in oocyte meiosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Martoriati
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Molinaro
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Marchand
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Ingrid Fliniaux
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Matthieu Marin
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Jean-François Bodart
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Vanessa Dehennaut
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Katia Cailliau
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France.
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Xia L, Shen Y, Liu S, Du J. Iron overload triggering ECM-mediated Hippo/YAP pathway in follicle development: a hypothetical model endowed with therapeutic implications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1174817. [PMID: 37223010 PMCID: PMC10200985 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1174817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of iron homeostasis plays a negative role in follicle development. The dynamic changes in follicle growth are dependent on Hippo/YAP signaling and mechanical forces. However, little is known about the liaison between iron overload and the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway in term of folliculogenesis. Here, based on the available evidence, we established a hypothesized model linking excessive iron, extracellular matrix (ECM), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) signal regarding follicle development. Hypothetically, the TGF-β signal and iron overload may play a synergistic role in ECM production via YAP. We speculate that the dynamic homeostasis of follicular iron interacts with YAP, increasing the risk of ovarian reserve loss and may enhance the sensitivity of follicles to accumulated iron. Hence, therapeutic interventions targeting iron metabolism disorders, and Hippo/YAP signal may alter the consequences of the impaired developmental process based on our hypothesis, which provides potential targets and inspiration for further drug discovery and development applied to clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjin Xia
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yupei Shen
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suying Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Du
- National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Ma X, Liu A, Tian S. A meta-analysis of mRNA expression profiling studies in sheep with different FecB genotypes. Anim Genet 2023; 54:225-238. [PMID: 36811249 DOI: 10.1111/age.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The FecB mutation in the sheep BMPRIB is strongly correlated with high ovulation traits but its mechanism remains unclear. This study explored differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their associated molecular mechanisms that may be involved in FecB mutation-induced high ovulation from the perspective of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. The PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang, and CBM databases were searched for eligible articles published before August 2022, focusing on mRNA sequencing of different tissues in the HPG axis in sheep with different FecB genotypes. A total of 6555 DEGs were identified from the analysis of six published articles and experimental results from our laboratory. The DEGs were screened by vote-counting rank and robust rank aggregation. Among these, in the follicular phase, FKBP5, CDCA7 and CRABP1 were upregulated in the hypothalamus. INSM2 was upregulated, while LDB3 was downregulated in the pituitary. CLU, SERPINA14, PENK, INHA and STAR were upregulated, while FERMT2 and NPY1R were downregulated in the ovary. On the HPG axis, TAC1 was upregulated and NPNT was downregulated. Many DEGs were found in sheep with different FecB genotypes. The genes FKBP5, CDCA7, CRABP1, INSM2, LDB3, CLU, SERPINA14, PENK, INHA, STAR, FERMT2, NPY1R, TAC1 and NPNT, may be associated with FecB mutation-induced high ovulation in different tissues. These candidate genes will further improve the mechanism of multiple fertility traits induced by the FecB mutation from the perspective of the HPG axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Aiju Liu
- Department of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Engineering, Cangzhou Technical College, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Shujun Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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6
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Fang L, Sun YP, Cheng JC. The role of amphiregulin in ovarian function and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:60. [PMID: 36749397 PMCID: PMC11071807 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Amphiregulin (AREG) is an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor that binds exclusively to the EGF receptor (EGFR). Treatment with luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin dramatically induces the expression of AREG in the granulosa cells of the preovulatory follicle. In addition, AREG is the most abundant EGFR ligand in human follicular fluid. Therefore, AREG is considered a predominant propagator that mediates LH surge-regulated ovarian functions in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. In addition to the well-characterized stimulatory effect of LH on AREG expression, recent studies discovered that several local factors and epigenetic modifications participate in the regulation of ovarian AREG expression. Moreover, aberrant expression of AREG has recently been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of several ovarian diseases, such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and epithelial ovarian cancer. Furthermore, increasing evidence has elucidated new applications of AREG in assisted reproductive technology. Collectively, these studies highlight the importance of AREG in female reproductive health and disease. Understanding the normal and pathological roles of AREG and elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AREG regulation of ovarian functions will inform innovative approaches for fertility regulation and the prevention and treatment of ovarian diseases. Therefore, this review summarizes the functional roles of AREG in ovarian function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 40, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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7
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Li H, Shen J, Ma S, Zhao F, Zhao W, Chen F, Fu Y, Li B, Cheng J, Deng Y. TGF-β1 suppresses de novo cholesterol biosynthesis in granulosa-lutein cells by down-regulating DHCR24 expression via the GSK-3β/EZH2/H3K27me3 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1118-1128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Clark ZL, Ruebel ML, Schall PZ, Karl KR, Ireland JJ, Latham KE. Follicular Hyperstimulation Dysgenesis: New Explanation for Adverse Effects of Excessive FSH in Ovarian Stimulation. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqac100. [PMID: 35833461 PMCID: PMC9342683 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) doses during ovarian stimulation protocols for assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are detrimental to ovulatory follicle function and oocyte quality. However, the mechanisms are unclear. In a small ovarian reserve heifer model, excessive FSH doses lead to phenotypic heterogeneity of ovulatory size follicles, with most follicles displaying signs of premature luteinization and a range in severity of abnormalities. By performing whole transcriptome analyses of granulosa cells, cumulus cells, and oocytes from individual follicles of animals given standard or excessive FSH doses, we identified progressive changes in the transcriptomes of the 3 cell types, with increasing severity of follicular abnormality with the excessive doses. The granulosa and cumulus cells each diverged progressively from their normal phenotypes and became highly similar to each other in the more severely affected follicles. Pathway analysis indicates a possible dysregulation of the final stages of folliculogenesis, with processes characteristic of ovulation and luteinization occurring concurrently rather than sequentially in the most severely affected follicles. These changes were associated with disruptions in key pathways in granulosa and cumulus cells, which may account for previously reported reduced estradiol production, enhanced progesterone and oxytocin production and diminished ovulation rates. Predicted deficiencies in oocyte survival, stress response, and fertilization suggest likely reductions in oocyte health, which could further compromise oocyte quality and ART outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaramasina L Clark
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program and the Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Meghan L Ruebel
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program and the Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- USDA-ARS Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center 15 Children’s Way Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Peter Z Schall
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program and the Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Human Genetics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Karl
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program and the Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - James J Ireland
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program and the Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Keith E Latham
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program and the Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Martínez‐Moro Á, González‐Brusi L, Lamas‐Toranzo I, O'Callaghan E, Esteve‐Codina A, Lonergan P, Bermejo‐Álvarez P. RNA-sequencing reveals genes linked with oocyte developmental potential in bovine cumulus cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:399-412. [PMID: 35802551 PMCID: PMC9796886 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cumulus cells provide an interesting biological material to perform analyses to understand the molecular clues determining oocyte competence. The objective of this study was to analyze the transcriptional differences between cumulus cells from oocytes exhibiting different developmental potentials following individual in vitro embryo production by RNA-seq. Cumulus cells were allocated into three groups according to the developmental potential of the oocyte following fertilization: (1) oocytes developing to blastocysts (Bl+), (2) oocytes cleaving but arresting development before the blastocyst stage (Bl-), and (3) oocytes not cleaving (Cl-). RNAseq was performed on 4 (Cl-) or 5 samples (Bl+ and Bl-) of cumulus cells pooled from 10 cumulus-oocyte complexes per group. A total of 49, 50, and 18 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the comparisons Bl+ versus Bl-, Bl+ versus Cl- and Bl- versus Cl-, respectively, showing a fold change greater than 1.5 at an adjusted p value <0.05. Focussing on DEGs in cumulus cells from Bl+ group, 10 DEGs were common to both comparisons (10/49 from Bl+ vs. Bl-, 10/50 from Bl+ vs. Cl-). These DEGs correspond to 6 upregulated genes (HBE1, ITGA1, PAPPA, AKAP12, ITGA5, and SLC1A4), and 4 downregulated genes (GSTA1, PSMB8, FMOD, and SFRP4) in Bl+ compared to the other groups, from which 7 were validated by quantitative PCR (HBE1, ITGA1, PAPPA, AKAP12, ITGA5, PSMB8 and SFRP4). These genes are involved in critical biological functions such as integrin-mediated cell adhesion, oxygen availability, IGF and Wnt signaling or PKA pathway, highlighting specific biological processes altered in incompetent in vitro maturation oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Martínez‐Moro
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIACSICMadridSpain,EmbryologyIVF SpainMadridSpain
| | | | | | - Elena O'Callaghan
- Agriculture and Food Science, School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Anna Esteve‐Codina
- Functional Genomics, CNAG‐CRG, Centre for Genomic RegulationBarcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Pat Lonergan
- Agriculture and Food Science, School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
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Ma S, Ji X, Cang M, Wang J, Yu H, Liu Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Zhao S, Cao G, Tong B. Association analysis between novel variants in LEPR gene and litter size in Mongolia and ujimqin sheep breeds. Theriogenology 2022; 183:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Transcriptomic Profile of New Gene Markers Encoding Proteins Responsible for Structure of Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111214. [PMID: 34827207 PMCID: PMC8615192 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix (ECM) is involved in many physiological processes that occur in the ovary and affect reproduction in animals and humans. The ECM has been shown to significantly affect folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation. This is mainly due to the involvement of ECM in intercellular signaling. In the present study, we report the gene expression profile of porcine granulosa cells during their primary in vitro culture. The genes presented are related to ECM formation but also to cadherins and integrins that influence intercellular dialogue. During the study, it was shown that most of the genes were upregulated. A detailed understanding of the expression of genes such as POSTN, CHI3L1, CAV-1, IRS1, DCN in in vitro culture of granulosa cells may provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms occurring within the ovary. Knowledge of ECM-related gene expression within granulosa cells can also be used to study the recently discovered stemness of these cells. Moreover, the presented data may serve for the development of assisted reproduction techniques, which, especially in vitro, are becoming increasingly common. Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) in granulosa cells is functionally very important, and it is involved in many processes related to ovarian follicle growth and ovulation. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells that are associated with extracellular matrix formation, intercellular signaling, and cell–cell fusion. The material for this study was ovaries of sexually mature pigs obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse. Laboratory-derived granulosa cells (GCs) from ovarian follicles were cultured in a primary in vitro culture model. The extracted genetic material (0, 48, 96, and 144 h) were subjected to microarray expression analysis. Among 81 genes, 66 showed increased expression and only 15 showed decreased expression were assigned to 7 gene ontology groups “extracellular matrix binding”, “extracellular matrix structural constituent”, “binding, bridging”, “cadherin binding”, “cell adhesion molecule binding”, “collagen binding” and “cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion”. The 10 genes with the highest expression (POSTN, ITGA2, FN1, LAMB1, ITGB3, CHI3L1, PCOLCE2, CAV1, DCN, COL14A1) and 10 of the most down-regulated (SPP1, IRS1, CNTLN, TMPO, PAICS, ANK2, ADAM23, ABI3BP, DNAJB1, IGF1) were selected for further analysis. The results were validated by RT-qPCR. The current results may serve as preliminary data for further analyses using in vitro granulosa cell cultures in assisted reproduction technologies, studies of pathological processes in the ovary as well as in the use of the stemness potential of GCs.
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Nakanishi T, Tanaka R, Tonai S, Lee JY, Yamaoka M, Kawai T, Okamoto A, Shimada M, Yamashita Y. LH Induces De Novo Cholesterol Biosynthesis via SREBP Activation in Granulosa Cells During Ovulation in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6357690. [PMID: 34431998 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the liver, the sterol response element binding protein (SREBP) and the SREBP cleavage-activated protein (SCAP) complex upregulate cholesterol biosynthesis by gene induction of de novo cholesterol synthetic enzymes (Hmgcr, Cyp51, and Dhcr7). Insulin induced gene 1 (INSIG1) negatively regulates cholesterol biosynthesis by the inhibition of de novo cholesterol biosynthetic gene expression. In the ovary, cholesterol is de novo synthesized; however, the roles of SREBP and its regulators (SCAP and INSIG1) are not well understood. In this study, when immature mice were treated with gonadotropins (eCG followed by hCG), eCG induced and hCG maintained the expression of SREBP-1a, -2, and SCAP granulosa cells, whereas INSIG1 expression was dramatically downregulated after hCG injection. Downregulation of INSIG1 led to generate the SREBPs active form and translocate the SREBPs active form to nuclei. Inhibition of generation of the SREBPs active form by fatostatin or Scap siRNA in both in vivo and in vitro significantly decreased the expressions of de novo cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes, cholesterol accumulation, and progesterone (P4) production compared with the control group. Fatostatin treatment inhibited the ovulation and increased the formation of abnormal corpus luteum which trapped the matured oocyte in the corpus luteum; however, the phenomenon was abolished by P4 administration. The results showed that decreasing INSIG1 level after hCG stimulation activated SREBP-induced de novo cholesterol biosynthesis in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles, which is essential for P4 production and the rupture of matured oocyte during ovulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Nakanishi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Risa Tanaka
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Shingo Tonai
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Joo Yeon Lee
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Manami Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Asako Okamoto
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Yamashita
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
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13
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Park JE, Kim MS, Lee E, Lee ST. In vitro maturation using an agarose matrix with incorporated extracellular matrix proteins improves porcine oocyte developmental competence by enhancing cytoplasmic maturation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:807-817. [PMID: 34310055 DOI: 10.1002/term.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a novel in vitro maturation (IVM) system comprising an agarose matrix supplemented with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins for enhanced maturation of immature oocytes within cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) derived from porcine medium antral follicles (MAFs). Immunocytochemical analyses of integrin subunit α2 , α5 , α6 , β1 , and β4 expression suggested that integrin α2 β1 , α5 β1 , α6 β1 , and α6 β4 play pivotal roles in IVM of porcine immature oocytes. Combinatorial supplementation of fibronectin interacting with integrin α5 β1 , collagen interacting with integrin α2 β1 , and laminin interacting with integrin α6 β1 and α6 β4 to the agarose matrix had no significant effect on nuclear maturation. However, the number of parthenogenetic embryos that developed into blastocysts increased when oocytes were matured using agarose IVM matrices supplemented with fibronectin, collagen, or laminin. Furthermore, significant increases in cytoplasmic maturation-related parameters (BMP15 level, cumulus cell expansion score, intra-oocyte ATP level, and index of cortical granule distribution) were observed in COCs matured in vitro using ECM protein-incorporated agarose matrices. Our data suggest that mature porcine oocytes with enhanced developmental competence and high-quality cytoplasm can be generated via IVM using agarose matrices supplemented with fibronectin, collagen, or laminin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min Seong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eunsong Lee
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.,KustoGen Inc., Chuncheon, Korea
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14
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Hughes CHK, Murphy BD. Nuclear receptors: Key regulators of somatic cell functions in the ovulatory process. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 78:100937. [PMID: 33288229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of the ovarian follicle to its culmination by ovulation is an essential element of fertility. The final stages of ovarian follicular growth are characterized by granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation, and steroid synthesis under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The result is a population of granulosa cells poised to respond to the ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH). Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors play indispensable roles in the regulation of these events. The key regulators of the final stages of follicular growth that precede ovulation from this family include the estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) and the androgen receptor (AR), with additional roles for others, including steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1). Following the LH surge, the mural and cumulus granulosa cells undergo rapid changes that result in expansion of the cumulus layer, and a shift in ovarian steroid hormone biosynthesis from estradiol to progesterone production. The nuclear receptor best associated with these events is LRH-1. Inadequate cumulus expansion is also observed in the absence of AR and ESR2, but not the progesterone receptor (PGR). The terminal stages of ovulation are regulated by PGR, which increases the abundance of the proteases that are directly responsible for rupture. It further regulates the prostaglandins and cytokines associated with the inflammatory-like characteristics of ovulation. LRH-1 regulates PGR, and is also a key regulator of steroidogenesis, cellular proliferation, and cellular migration, and cytoskeletal remodeling. In summary, nuclear receptors are among the panoply of transcriptional regulators with roles in ovulation, and several are necessary for normal ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla H K Hughes
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Qc, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Bruce D Murphy
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Qc, J2S 2M2, Canada.
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15
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Li Q, Hu S, Wang Y, Deng Y, Yang S, Hu J, Li L, Wang J. mRNA and miRNA Transcriptome Profiling of Granulosa and Theca Layers From Geese Ovarian Follicles Reveals the Crucial Pathways and Interaction Networks for Regulation of Follicle Selection. Front Genet 2019; 10:988. [PMID: 31708963 PMCID: PMC6820619 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicle development is characterized by the recruitment, growth, selection, and dominance of follicles, and follicle selection determines the lifetime reproductive performance. However, in birds, the molecular mechanisms underlying follicle selection still remain elusive. This study analyzed genome-wide changes in the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in both the granulosa and theca layers of geese ovarian follicles before selection (4–6- and 8–10-mm follicles) and after selection (F5). The sequencing results showed that a higher number of both differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and DE miRNAs were identified between 8–10-mm and F5 follicles compared with those between the 4–6- and 8–10-mm follicles, especially in the granulosa layer. Moreover, a Short Time-series Expression Miner analysis identified a large number of DE mRNAs and DE miRNAs that are associated with follicle selection. The functional enrichment analysis showed that DE genes in the granulosa layer during follicle selection were mainly enriched in five pathways related to junctional adhesion and two pathways associated with lipid metabolism. Additionally, an interaction network was constructed to visualize interactions among protein-coding genes, which identified 53 junctional adhesion- and 15 lipid regulation-related protein-coding genes. Then, a co-expression network between mRNAs and miRNAs in relation to junctional adhesion was also visualized and mainly included acy-miR-2954, acy-miR-218, acy-miR-2970, acy-miR-100, acy-miR-1329, acy-miR-199, acy-miR-425, acy-miR-181, and acy-miR-147. Furthermore, miRNA–mRNA interaction pairs related to lipid regulation were constructed including acy-miR-107, acy-miR-138, acy-miR-130, acy-miR-128, and acy-miR-101 during follicular selection. In summary, these data highlight the key roles of junctional adhesion and lipid metabolism during follicular selection and contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying follicle selection in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushi Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Yang J, Li J, Zhang M. CREB activity is required for epidermal growth factor‐induced mouse cumulus expansion. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1887-1900. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Meijia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing China
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17
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Bianco S, Bellefleur AM, Beaulieu É, Beauparlant CJ, Bertolin K, Droit A, Schoonjans K, Murphy BD, Gévry N. The Ovulatory Signal Precipitates LRH-1 Transcriptional Switching Mediated by Differential Chromatin Accessibility. Cell Rep 2019; 28:2443-2454.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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18
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Walter J, Huwiler F, Fortes C, Grossmann J, Roschitzki B, Hu J, Naegeli H, Laczko E, Bleul U. Analysis of the equine "cumulome" reveals major metabolic aberrations after maturation in vitro. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:588. [PMID: 31315563 PMCID: PMC6637639 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maturation of oocytes under in vitro conditions (IVM) results in impaired developmental competence compared to oocytes matured in vivo. As oocytes are closely coupled to their cumulus complex, elucidating aberrations in cumulus metabolism in vitro is important to bridge the gap towards more physiological maturation conditions. The aim of this study was to analyze the equine “cumulome” in a novel combination of proteomic (nano-HPLC MS/MS) and metabolomic (UPLC-nanoESI-MS) profiling of single cumulus complexes of metaphase II oocytes matured either in vivo (n = 8) or in vitro (n = 7). Results A total of 1811 quantifiable proteins and 906 metabolic compounds were identified. The proteome contained 216 differentially expressed proteins (p ≤ 0.05; FC ≥ 2; 95 decreased and 121 increased in vitro), and the metabolome contained 108 metabolites with significantly different abundance (p ≤ 0.05; FC ≥ 2; 24 decreased and 84 increased in vitro). The in vitro “cumulome” was summarized in the following 10 metabolic groups (containing 78 proteins and 21 metabolites): (1) oxygen supply, (2) glucose metabolism, (3) fatty acid metabolism, (4) oxidative phosphorylation, (5) amino acid metabolism, (6) purine and pyrimidine metabolism, (7) steroid metabolism, (8) extracellular matrix, (9) complement cascade and (10) coagulation cascade. The KEGG pathway “complement and coagulation cascades” (ID4610; n = 21) was significantly overrepresented after in vitro maturation. The findings indicate that the in vitro condition especially affects central metabolism and extracellular matrix composition. Important candidates for the metabolic group oxygen supply were underrepresented after maturation in vitro. Additionally, a shift towards glycolysis was detected in glucose metabolism. Therefore, under in vitro conditions, cumulus cells seem to preferentially consume excess available glucose to meet their energy requirements. Proteins involved in biosynthetic processes for fatty acids, cholesterol, amino acids, and purines exhibited higher abundances after maturation in vitro. Conclusion This study revealed the marked impact of maturation conditions on the “cumulome” of individual cumulus oocyte complexes. Under the studied in vitro milieu, cumulus cells seem to compensate for a lack of important substrates by shifting to aerobic glycolysis. These findings will help to adapt culture media towards more physiological conditions for oocyte maturation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5836-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Walter
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Fabian Huwiler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Fortes
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Roschitzki
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Junmin Hu
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hanspeter Naegeli
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Endre Laczko
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Bleul
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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19
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"Biological Adhesion" is a Significantly Regulated Molecular Process during Long-Term Primary In Vitro Culture of Oviductal Epithelial Cells (Oecs): A Transcriptomic and Proteomic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143387. [PMID: 31295879 PMCID: PMC6678391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) actively produce stimulating and protecting factors, favoring survival and viability of gametes and early embryos. The oviduct participates in the initial reproductive events, which strongly depends on adhesion. The analysis of differential gene expression in OECs, during long-term in vitro culture, enables recognition of new molecular markers regulating several processes, including "biological adhesion". Porcine oviducts were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as with antibodies against epithelial markers. Then, OECs were long-term in vitro cultured and after 24 h, 7, 15, and 30 days of culture were subjected to transcriptomic and proteomic assays. Microarrays were employed to evaluate gene expression, with Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of light (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry applied to determine the proteome. The results revealed proper morphology of the oviducts and typical epithelial structure of OECs during the culture. From the set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we have selected the 130 that encoded proteins detected by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. From this gene pool, 18 significantly enriched gene ontology biological processes (GO BP) terms were extracted. Among them we focused on genes belonging to "biological adhesion" GO BP. It is suggested that increased expression of studied genes can be attributed to the process of intensive secretion of substances that exhibit favorable influence on oviductal environment, which prime gametes adhesion and viability, fertilization, and early embryo journey.
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20
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Hoque SAM, Kawai T, Zhu Z, Shimada M. Mitochondrial Protein Turnover Is Critical for Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Antral Follicles. J Endocr Soc 2018; 3:324-339. [PMID: 30652133 PMCID: PMC6330174 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cell (GC) proliferation is essential for follicular development. FSH is a key factor in GC proliferation, and a continuous supply of high levels of ATP is necessary for cell proliferation. However, genes encoding proteins of the glycolytic pathways are poorly expressed in GCs. Therefore, we hypothesized that mitochondrial gene expression and protein synthesis play a primary role in ATP production during GC proliferation. To test this hypothesis, we performed an in vivo study of GCs collected from 23-day-old mice ovaries with or without equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) priming. It was observed that mitochondrial activity with membrane potential, expression of protein-coding genes (Nd1-6, Cytb, Atpase6,8) and transcription-related genes (Polrmt, Tfam, Tfb2m), copy number of mitochondrial (mt-)DNA, and protein synthesis were increased in GCs after 24 hours of eCG injection and mostly maintained elevated up to 48 hours. Therefore, we performed in vitro culture of GCs in DMEM medium supplemented with FSH, testosterone, and serum and containing different glucose concentrations with or without d-chloramphenicol (CRP) for 24 hours. GC proliferation and ATP production were observed to be independent of glucose concentration. Furthermore, FSH-induced mitochondrial activity with membrane potential, ATP content, BrdU-incorporated cell proliferation, intensity of mt-ND1 and mt-ND6 proteins, and expressions of marker genes for proliferation and differentiation were significantly decreased by CRP treatment. These results revealed the crucial role of mitochondria in the supply of ATP and the necessity of mitochondrial gene expression and protein synthesis in not only the proliferation but also the differentiation of GCs during follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Masudul Hoque
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
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