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Hu QL, Zhuo JC, Fang GQ, Lu JB, Ye YX, Li DT, Lou YH, Zhang XY, Chen X, Wang SL, Wang ZC, Zhang YX, Mazlan N, OO SS, Thet T, Sharma PN, Jauharlina J, Sukorini IH, Ibisate MT, Rahman SM, Ansari NA, Chen AD, Zhu ZR, Heong KL, Lu G, Huang HJ, Li JM, Chen JP, Zhan S, Zhang CX. The genomic history and global migration of a windborne pest. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk3852. [PMID: 38657063 PMCID: PMC11042747 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Many insect pests, including the brown planthopper (BPH), undergo windborne migration that is challenging to observe and track. It remains controversial about their migration patterns and largely unknown regarding the underlying genetic basis. By analyzing 360 whole genomes from around the globe, we clarify the genetic sources of worldwide BPHs and illuminate a landscape of BPH migration showing that East Asian populations perform closed-circuit journeys between Indochina and the Far East, while populations of Malay Archipelago and South Asia undergo one-way migration to Indochina. We further find round-trip migration accelerates population differentiation, with highly diverged regions enriching in a gene desert chromosome that is simultaneously the speciation hotspot between BPH and related species. This study not only shows the power of applying genomic approaches to demystify the migration in windborne migrants but also enhances our understanding of how seasonal movements affect speciation and evolution in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji-Chong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gang-Qi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-Bao Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Ye
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan-Ting Li
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Han Lou
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhang
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Si-Liang Wang
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe-Chao Wang
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Norida Mazlan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, and Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - San San OO
- Taungoo University, Taungoo 05063, Myanmar
| | - Thet Thet
- Taungoo University, Taungoo 05063, Myanmar
| | - Prem Nidhi Sharma
- Entomology Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Jauharlina Jauharlina
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Ir Henik Sukorini
- Agrotechnology Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Michael T. Ibisate
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Aklan State University, Banga, Aklan 5601, Philippines
| | - S.M. Mizanur Rahman
- Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Naved Ahmad Ansari
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002, India
| | - Ai-Dong Chen
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Kong Luen Heong
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hai-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shuai Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Yang XJ, Zhao ZS, Zhang YM, Ying JP, Wang SH, Yuan ML, Zhang QL. A method for isolating highly purified and active mitochondria from insects. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 140:104402. [PMID: 35679991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
So far, methods that yield the high purity and activity of the isolated mitochondria from insects have not been reported and determined. Here, we develop methods that combine differential centrifugation and discontinuous Nycodenz density gradient centrifugation to isolate highly purified mitochondria from the thorax muscle of insects, and the methods were widely validated across three orders (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Blattaria) covering four insect species using Western blot and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The results showed the removal of the residual contamination with nonmitochondrial components such as nucleus, sarcolemma, cytosol, and endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, TEM, mitochondria staining, fluorescence detection, and flow cytometry analyses were employed to assess membrane integrity and activity of the isolated mitochondria. The results showed no loss of mitochondria activity/integrity after isolation. In addition, temporal dynamics in activity of the isolated mitochondria under commonly used laboratory temperature (-20 °C, 4 °C, and 25 °C) were respectively detected using a fluorescence microplate reader. The results showed that it should be avoided to store the isolated mitochondria at room temperature, and the mitochondria can meet the requirements of the most downstream experiments when they were stored at -20 °C. Overall, the study presented a method for isolating highly purified and active mitochondria from insects. This study firstly described a high-speed discontinuous density gradient centrifugation-based method that could be widely applied for mitochondria isolation in insects. The present study also provided an example to assess purity and integrity/activity of the isolated mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zi-Shun Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jian-Ping Ying
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Su-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Ming-Long Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Rauf A, Wilkins RM. Malathion-resistant Tribolium castaneum has enhanced response to oxidative stress, immunity, and fitness. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 184:105128. [PMID: 35715066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many cases of insecticide resistance in insect pests give resulting no-cost strains that retain the resistance genes even in the absence of the toxic stressor. Malathion (rac-diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]succinate) has been widely used against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst. in stored products although no longer used. Malathion specific resistance in this pest is long lasting and widely distributed. A malathion resistant strain was challenged with a range of stressors including starvation, hyperoxia, malathion and a pathogen to determine the antioxidant responses and changes to some lifecycle parameters. Adult life span of the malathion-specific resistant strain of T. castaneum was significantly shorter than that of the susceptible. Starvation and/or high oxygen reduced adult life span of both strains. Starving, with and without 100% oxygen, gave longer lifespan for the resistant strain, but for oxygen alone there was a small extension. Under oxygen the proportional survival of the resistant strain to the adult stage was significantly higher, for both larvae and pupae, than the susceptible. The resistant strain when stressed with malathion and oxygen significantly increased catalase activity, but the susceptible did not. The resistant strain stressed with Paranosema whitei infection had significantly higher survival compared to the susceptible, and with low mortality. The malathion resistant strain of T. castaneum showed greater vigour than the susceptible in oxidative stress situations and especially where stressors were combined. The induction of the antioxidant enzyme catalase could have helped the resistant strain to withstand oxidative stresses, including insecticidal and importantly those from pathogens. These adaptations, in the absence of insecticide, seem to support the increased immunity of the insecticide resistant host to pathogens seen in other insect species, such as mosquitoes. By increasing the responses to a range of stressors the resistant strain could be considered as having enhanced fitness, compared to the susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard M Wilkins
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
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Gou YP, Quandahor P, Mao L, Li CC, Zhou JJ, Liu CZ. Responses of Fungi Maggot (Bradysia impatiens Johannsen) to Allyl Isothiocyanate and High CO2. Front Physiol 2022; 13:879401. [PMID: 35600294 PMCID: PMC9119013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.879401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanical pesticide is highly recommended for integrated pest management (IPM), due to its merits such as environmental friendliness, safe to non-target organisms, operators, animals, and food consumers. The experiment was conducted to determine the lethal and sub-lethal effects of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on eggs, third instar larvae, pupae, and females and males of Bradysia impatiens Johannsen (B. impatiens). Different concentrations of AITC under ambient CO2 by the conical flask sealed fumigation method were used for the experiment. The results showed that there was a significant linear relationship between different concentrations of AITC and the toxicity regression equation of B. impatiens. The sub-lethal concentrations of AITC had significant effects on the larval stage, pupal stage, pupation rate, pupal weight, adult emergence rate, and oviposition. The pupation rate, pupal weight, and adult emergency rate were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by AITC fumigation. The pupation rate was the lowest after fumigation treatment of AITC at LC50 (36.67%), followed by LC25 (41.94%), compared with the CK (81.39%). Female longevity was significantly (p < 0.05) shortened by fumigation at LC25 (1.75 d) and LC50 (1.64 d), compared with that of CK (2.94 d). Male longevity was shorter at LC25 (1.56 d) than at LC50 (1.25 d) and had no significant difference between these two treatments. The fumigation efficiency of AITC was significantly increased under high CO2 condition. Furthermore, detoxification enzyme activities and antioxidant enzyme activities were accumulated under high CO2 condition. The fumigation method in the application of AITC can be useful in areas where B. impatiens is a major concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Gou
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peter Quandahor
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- CSIR—Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Liang Mao
- Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Lintao County, Dingxi, China
| | - Chun-Chun Li
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jiang Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chang-Zhong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chang-Zhong Liu,
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5
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WANG L, ZHAO Y. Transcriptome analysis of Callosobruchus chinensis: insight into the biological control using entomopathogenic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.26122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei WANG
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yaru ZHAO
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, China
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Xu Y, Kong X, Li J, Cui T, Wei Y, Xu J, Zhu Y, Zhu X. Mild Hypoxia Enhances the Expression of HIF and VEGF and Triggers the Response to Injury in Rat Kidneys. Front Physiol 2021; 12:690496. [PMID: 34248676 PMCID: PMC8267573 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.690496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia contributes to a cascade of inflammatory response mechanisms in kidneys that result in the development of renal interstitial fibrosis and subsequent chronic renal failure. Nonetheless, the kidney possesses a self-protection mechanism under a certain degree of hypoxia and this mechanism its adaptation to hypoxia. As the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) axis is a key pathway for neovascularization, the activation of this axis is a target for renal hypoxia therapies. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to normobaric hypoxia and subdivided into three groups, namely group A (21% O2), group B (10% O2), and group C (7% O2). Renal tissue samples were processed and analyzed to determine pathological morphological changes, the expression of HIF, VEGF, inflammation factor and vascular density. Results We found that as the duration of hypoxia increased, destructive changes in the kidney tissues became more severe in group C (7% O2). In contrast, the increased duration of hypoxia did not exacerbate kidney damage in group B (10% O2). As the hypoxia was prolonged and the degree of hypoxia increased, the expression of HIF-1α increased gradually. As hypoxia time increased, the expression of VEGF increased gradually, but VEGF expression in group B (10% O2) was the highest. Group C (7% O2) had higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha. Additionally, the highest vascular density was observed in group B. Conclusion These findings suggest that activating the HIF–VEGF signaling pathway to regulate angiogenesis after infliction of hypoxic kidney injury may provide clues for the development of novel CKD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangmei Kong
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiru Li
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Cui
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Wei
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueniu Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Baleba SBS. Water immersion tolerance by larval instars of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, L1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) impairs the fitness performance of their subsequent stages. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:78. [PMID: 33947327 PMCID: PMC8097882 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01810-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In holometabolous insects, environmental factors experienced in pre-imaginal life stages affect the life-history traits within that stage and can also influence subsequent life stages. Here, I assessed tolerance to water immersion by the larval instars of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) and its impact on the life-history traits of their subsequent life stages. RESULTS After submerging the three larval instars of S. calcitrans in distilled water, I found that the first instar larvae remained active for longer as compared to the second and third instar larvae. Also, the first instar larvae took a longer period to recover from the stress-induced immobility when removed from the water and returned to ambient temperature. When I followed the development of individuals of each larval instar that survived from water immersion, I found that their developmental time, weight, pupation percentage, adult emergence percentage and adult weight were negatively affected by this stressor. However, the weight of S. calcitrans adults developed from immersed first larval instar individuals was not affected by water immersion whereas their counterparts developed from immersed second and third larval instars had lower body weight. This suggests that in S. calcitrans, water immersion stress at the earlier stage is less detrimental than that experienced at late stages. CONCLUSION This study provides a comparative overview of the fitness consequences associated with water immersion stress during S. calcitrans larval ontogeny. The results prove that the fitness shift induced by water immersion in S. calcitrans is stage-specific. My results illustrate the importance of considering each larval instar when assessing the impact of environmental factors on holometabolous insect performance as these may be decoupled by metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve B S Baleba
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany.
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Gamboa M. Hemocyanin and hexamerins expression in response to hypoxia in stoneflies (Plecoptera, Insecta). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 105:e21743. [PMID: 32979236 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many freshwater ecosystems worldwide undergo hypoxia events that can trigger physiological, behavioral, and molecular responses in many organisms. Among such molecular responses, the regulation of the hemocyanin (Hc) protein expression which plays a major role in oxygen transportation within aquatic insects remains poorly understood. The stoneflies (Plecoptera) are aquatic insects that possess a functional Hc in the hemolymph similar to crustacean that co-occurs with a nonfunctional Hc protein, hexamerins (Hx). However, the role of both proteins during hypoxia remains undetermined. Here, we evaluated the effect of hypoxia on the expression of Hc and Hx proteins via a comparison between hypoxia and normoxia amino acid sequence variation and protein expression pattern within 23 stonefly species. We induced short-term hypoxia in wild-caught stoneflies species, sequenced the target region of Hc and Hx by complementary DNA synthesis, characterized the protein biochemistry using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ultrafiltration, and polarographic fluorometric method, and amplified the genome region of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcriptional response element that regulated Hc using genome walking library approach. We found a lack of Hc expression in all examined species during hypoxia conditions, despite recognition of the HIF gene region as a possible regulatory factor of Hc, suggesting that compensatory responses as metabolic changes or behavioral tracheal movements to enhance respiratory efficiency could be possible mechanics to compensate for hypoxia. A short Hc-like novel isoform was detected instead in these 23 species, possibly due to either protein degradation or alternative splicing mechanisms, suggesting that the protein could be performing a different function other than oxygen transportation. Hx during hypoxia was expressed and exhibited species-level amino acid changes, highlighting a possible role during hypoxia. Our results demonstrate that hypoxia could enable a similar potential adaptive response of multiple species regarding specific physiological requirements, thereby shedding light on community behavior in stress environments that may help us to improve conservation practices and biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribet Gamboa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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9
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Los A, Ziuzina D, Van Cleynenbreugel R, Boehm D, Bourke P. Assessing the Biological Safety of Atmospheric Cold Plasma Treated Wheat Using Cell and Insect Models. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070898. [PMID: 32650404 PMCID: PMC7404979 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) is under investigation for an extensive range of biocontrol applications in food biosystems. However, the development of a novel intervention technology requires a thorough evaluation of the potential for negative effects and the implications for the human and animal food chains’ safety. The evaluations were performed using a contained, high-voltage, dielectric barrier discharge plasma system. The cytotoxicity of two types of food models—a liquid model (wheat model medium (WMM)) vs. a solid model (wheat grain extract (WGE)) was compared in vitro using the mammalian cell line CHO-K1. The residual toxicity of ACP treatment of grains for food purposes was assessed using the invertebrate model Tribolium castaneum, by feeding the beetles with flour produced from ACP-treated wheat grains. The cytotoxic effects and changes in the chemistry of the ACP-treated samples were more pronounced in samples treated in a liquid form as opposed to actual wheat grains. The feeding trial using T. castaneum demonstrated no negative impacts on the survivability or weight profiles of insects. Investigations into the interactions of plasma-generated species with secondary metabolites in the food matrices are necessary to ensure the safety of plasma for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Los
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, Ireland; (A.L.); (D.Z.); (R.V.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Dana Ziuzina
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, Ireland; (A.L.); (D.Z.); (R.V.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Robin Van Cleynenbreugel
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, Ireland; (A.L.); (D.Z.); (R.V.C.); (D.B.)
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, Katholieke University Leuven, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniela Boehm
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, Ireland; (A.L.); (D.Z.); (R.V.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Paula Bourke
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, Ireland; (A.L.); (D.Z.); (R.V.C.); (D.B.)
- Plasma Research Group, School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
- Correspondence:
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Guo SH, Yu L, Liu YM, Wang FF, Chen YC, Wang Y, Qiu BL, Sang W. Digital gene expression profiling in larvae of Tribolium castaneum at different periods post UV-B exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:514-523. [PMID: 30861439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
UV-B radiation is an important environmental factor. Exposure to excess UV-B radiation can cause serious effects on the development, survival, and reproduction of different organisms. Plants and animals have developed many different strategies to cope with UV-B-induced damage, but the physiological response of insects to UV-B remains unclear. In the present study, the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was used to assess the stress response of UV-B. The underlying molecular mechanisms were explored using RNA sequencing. We investigated the transcriptomic profile of T. castaneum larvae at 4 and 24 h after treatment with UV-B radiation via digital gene expression analysis. The 310 and 996 differentially expressed genes were detected at 4 and 24 h, respectively. Then the biological functions and associated metabolic processes of these genes were determined by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. The reliability of the data was verified using qRT-PCR. The results indicated that several differentially expressed genes are involved in antioxidation, DNA repair, protein folding, carbon flux diversion, and the extracellular matrix to protect against UV-B-induced damage. This study will increase our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying insect response to UV-B radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yan-Mei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fei-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bao-Li Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wen Sang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Upadhyay N, Singh VK, Dwivedy AK, Das S, Chaudhari AK, Dubey NK. Assessment of Melissa officinalis L. essential oil as an eco-friendly approach against biodeterioration of wheat flour caused by Tribolium castaneum Herbst. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14036-14049. [PMID: 30852752 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study reports efficacy of Melissa officinalis L. essential oil (MOEO) as a safe plant-based insecticide against Tribolium castaneum Herbst (TC) by induction of oxidative stress. MOEO nanoencapsulation in chitosan matrix was performed to enhance its bioefficacy. GC-MS analysis of MOEO depicted geranial (31.54%), neral (31.08%), and β-caryophyllene (12.42%) as the major components. MOEO showed excellent insecticidal potential in contact (100% mortality at 0.157 μL/cm2) and fumigant bioassays (LC50 = 0.071 μL/mL air) and 100% repellency at concentration ≤ 0.028 μL/cm2. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and decreased ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) at the LC50 dose suggested significant oxidative stress on TC in MOEO treatment sets. The encapsulated MOEO exhibited enhanced activity as fumigant (LC50 = 0.048 μL/mL air) and showed significant antifeedant activity in situ (EC50 = 0.043 μL/mL). High LD50 value (13,956.87 μL/kg body weight of mice) confirmed favorable toxicological profile for non-target mammals. The findings depict potential of nanoencapsulated MOEO as an eco-friendly green pesticide against infestation of stored food by TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Dwivedy
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Somenath Das
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Anand Kumar Chaudhari
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Nawal Kishore Dubey
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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