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Bai T, Wang P, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Hu S. Nitrogen availability mediates soil carbon cycling response to climate warming: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2608-2626. [PMID: 36744998 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Global climate warming may induce a positive feedback through increasing soil carbon (C) release to the atmosphere. Although warming can affect both C input to and output from soil, direct and convincing evidence illustrating that warming induces a net change in soil C is still lacking. We synthesized the results from field warming experiments at 165 sites across the globe and found that climate warming had no significant effect on soil C stock. On average, warming significantly increased root biomass and soil respiration, but warming effects on root biomass and soil respiration strongly depended on soil nitrogen (N) availability. Under high N availability (soil C:N ratio < 15), warming had no significant effect on root biomass, but promoted the coupling between effect sizes of root biomass and soil C stock. Under relative N limitation (soil C:N ratio > 15), warming significantly enhanced root biomass. However, the enhancement of root biomass did not induce a corresponding C accumulation in soil, possibly because warming promoted microbial CO2 release that offset the increased root C input. Also, reactive N input alleviated warming-induced C loss from soil, but elevated atmospheric CO2 or precipitation increase/reduction did not. Together, our findings indicate that the relative availability of soil C to N (i.e., soil C:N ratio) critically mediates warming effects on soil C dynamics, suggesting that its incorporation into C-climate models may improve the prediction of soil C cycling under future global warming scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuo Bai
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Blagden M, Harrison JL, Minocha R, Sanders‐DeMott R, Long S, Templer PH. Climate change influences foliar nutrition and metabolism of red maple (
Acer rubrum
) trees in a northern hardwood forest. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Blagden
- Department of Biology Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Jamie L. Harrison
- Department of Biology Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Rakesh Minocha
- USDA Forest Service Northeastern Research Station Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA
| | - Rebecca Sanders‐DeMott
- Department of Biology Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
- Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Woods Hole Massachusetts 02543 USA
| | - Stephanie Long
- USDA Forest Service Northeastern Research Station Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA
| | - Pamela H. Templer
- Department of Biology Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
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Kohl L, Myers-Pigg A, Edwards KA, Billings SA, Warren J, Podrebarac FA, Ziegler SE. Microbial inputs at the litter layer translate climate into altered organic matter properties. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:435-453. [PMID: 33112459 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant litter chemistry is altered during decomposition but it remains unknown if these alterations, and thus the composition of residual litter, will change in response to climate. Selective microbial mineralization of litter components and the accumulation of microbial necromass can drive litter compositional change, but the extent to which these mechanisms respond to climate remains poorly understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by studying needle litter decomposition along a boreal forest climate transect. Specifically, we investigated how the composition and/or metabolism of the decomposer community varies with climate, and if that variation is associated with distinct modifications of litter chemistry during decomposition. We analyzed the composition of microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in the litter layer and measured natural abundance δ13 CPLFA values as an integrated measure of microbial metabolisms. Changes in litter chemistry and δ13 C values were measured in litterbag experiments conducted at each transect site. A warmer climate was associated with higher litter nitrogen concentrations as well as altered microbial community structure (lower fungi:bacteria ratios) and microbial metabolism (higher δ13 CPLFA ). Litter in warmer transect regions accumulated less aliphatic-C (lipids, waxes) and retained more O-alkyl-C (carbohydrates), consistent with enhanced 13 C-enrichment in residual litter, than in colder regions. These results suggest that chemical changes during litter decomposition will change with climate, driven primarily by indirect climate effects (e.g., greater nitrogen availability and decreased fungi:bacteria ratios) rather than direct temperature effects. A positive correlation between microbial biomass δ13 C values and 13 C-enrichment during decomposition suggests that change in litter chemistry is driven more by distinct microbial necromass inputs than differences in the selective removal of litter components. Our study highlights the role that microbial inputs during early litter decomposition can play in shaping surface litter contribution to soil organic matter as it responds to climate warming effects such as greater nitrogen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kohl
- Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allison Myers-Pigg
- Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Kate A Edwards
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
| | - Sharon A Billings
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jamie Warren
- Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - Susan E Ziegler
- Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Houle D, Khadra M, Marty C, Couture S. Influence of hydro-morphologic variables of forested catchments on the increase in DOC concentration in 36 temperate lakes of eastern Canada. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141539. [PMID: 32795809 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, a worldwide increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations has been observed in temperate and boreal lakes. This phenomenon has several detrimental effects on the aquatic life and affect local C geochemical cycles. In this study, we measured DOC concentration in the water column of 36 lakes located in eastern Canada over a period of 35 years (1983-2017) and assessed the influence of climatic, hydrologic and morphometric variables on both DOC concentrations and on the rate of DOC changes (∆DOC). Our data show that morphometric and hydrologic variables have a stronger direct influence on lake water DOC concentrations than vegetation and climatic variables. DOC concentration strongly increased with the drainage ratio and the surface covered by organic deposits, which together explained 59% of the variance. As expected, we observed a significant increase in lake water DOC concentration in 72% of the surveyed lakes, which averaged 20% over the study period. Meanwhile, lake water SO42- concentration decreased by 60%. ∆DOC was poorly influenced by the rate of changes in lake water SO42- as well as by the rate of changes in mean annual air temperature and precipitation. ∆DOC was more related to the vegetation type and the morphometry of the catchment: a model including the percentage of conifers, terrestrial catchment area and ∆Cl yielded a variance explanation of 39%. This shows that the rate of increase was primarily driven by morphometric variables which did not change over the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Houle
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada and Climate Change, 105 McGill St., QC, H2Y 2E7 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Melissa Khadra
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada and Climate Change, 105 McGill St., QC, H2Y 2E7 Montreal, Canada
| | - Charles Marty
- Carbone boréal, Département des sciences fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 bd de l'université, G7H 2B1 Saguenay, Québec, Canada
| | - Suzanne Couture
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada and Climate Change, 105 McGill St., QC, H2Y 2E7 Montreal, Canada
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