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Ndung'u AI, Keriko JM, Kareru PG, Wanakai SI, Kisoi GK, Keddy GG. Phytochemical and GC-MS analysis of Thevetia peruviana fruit methanol extract as an anti-rodenticide potential against balb C rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29012. [PMID: 38601616 PMCID: PMC11004805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rodents have remained a menace to humans, hence there is need to evaluate for anti-rodent activity of cheap and environment friendly control methods. This study aimed at evaluating the anti-rodenticidal activity of Thevetia (T.) peruviana fruit methanol extract. T. peruviana fruit was sampled, dried and extracted using methanol/water in the ratio of 3:1 by volume. Phytochemicals; alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins were determined qualitatively and quantitatively in the fruit extract. The extract was then characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS). Anti-rodent activity of the extracts was determined on a total of 25 mice with body weights of 20-25 g. The animals 8-12 weeks' old were grouped into 5 cages (5 animals per cage), marked and allowed to acclimatize with laboratory conditions of 25 °C, warm or less humid for 5 days with enough water and food. Extract dose (between 0.3 and 0.5 g of extract/kg body weight) was then administered in a single dose by gavage using intubation canula for 7 days and the animals observed for any toxicity and mortality. The data was subjected to probit analysis and ANOVA. Phytochemical screening showed that the extracts contained glycosides, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and flavonoids in different abundance. T. peruviana fruit contained 125.13 ± 1.04 mg/g in GAE phenolic content, 85.70 mg/g in RE of dry weight of flavonoids, 10.50 ± 0.01 mg/g in TAE of Tannins, 16.50± 0.21 mg/g alkaloid content, and 8.28± 0.11 mg/g saponin content. The FTIR spectrophotometer depicted O - H, CH2, C[bond, double bond]O, C-O-C functional groups in wave numbers of 3335, 2932, 1599, and 1001 cm-1 respectively. The T. peruviana fruit methanol extracts depicted high acute toxicity with an average of 300 mg/kg upon oral administration in Balb C mice species. The fruit extract from T. peruviana revealed presence of alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, saponins, tannins. These participated synergistically in killing the rats and the postmortem examination report indicated that the tested extract induced a number of physical changes in the mice and therefore the T. peruviana's fruit extract can be utilized as a natural alternative anti-rodent in agriculture production before and after harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Irungu Ndung'u
- Chemistry Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O BOX 62,000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joseph Mungai Keriko
- Chemistry Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O BOX 62,000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Patrick Gachoki Kareru
- Chemistry Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O BOX 62,000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sammy Indire Wanakai
- Chemistry Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O BOX 62,000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - George Kiprono Kisoi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O BOX 62,000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Grace Gakii Keddy
- Department of Chemistry, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, P. O BOX 62157-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Brandt E, Keskin M, Räisänen IT, Mäkitie A, Pätilä T, Sorsa T, Gupta S. Periodontal Disease - A Late Complication of Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241255845. [PMID: 38760005 PMCID: PMC11102687 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241255845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Brandt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mutlu Keskin
- Oral and Dental Health Department, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Shipra Gupta
- Oral Health Sciences Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Jao Y, Ding SJ, Chen CC. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral infections: A systematic review. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:1453-1466. [PMID: 37799910 PMCID: PMC10548011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral infection is a common clinical symptom. While antibiotics are widely employed as the primary treatment for oral diseases, the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has necessitated the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. One such modality is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), which utilizes light and photosensitizers. Indeed, aPDT has been used alone or in combination with other treatment options dealing with periodontal disease for the elimination of biofilms from bacterial community to achieve bone formation and/or tissue regeneration. In this review article, in addition to factors affecting the efficacy of aPDT, various photosensitizers, the latest technology and perspectives on aPDT are discussed in detail. More importantly, the article emphasizes the novel design and clinical applications of photosensitizers, as well as the synergistic effects of chemical and biomolecules with aPDT to achieve the complete eradication of biofilms and even enhance the biological performance of tissues surrounding the treated oral area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jao
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Jyh Ding
- Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Mušković M, Planinić M, Crepulja A, Lušić M, Glad M, Lončarić M, Malatesti N, Gobin I. Photodynamic inactivation of multidrug-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in municipal wastewater by tetracationic porphyrin and violet-blue light: The impact of wastewater constituents. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290080. [PMID: 37582092 PMCID: PMC10427015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to discover effective methods for treating municipal wastewater and addressing the threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria spreading into the environment and drinking water. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) that combines a photosensitiser and light in the presence of oxygen to generate singlet oxygen and other reactive species, which in turn react with a range of biomolecules, including the oxidation of bacterial genetic material, may be a way to stop the spread of antibiotic-resistant genes. The effect of 5,10,15,20-(pyridinium-3-yl)porphyrin tetrachloride (TMPyP3) without light, and after activation with violet-blue light (VBL) (394 nm; 20 mW/cm2), on MDR strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. pneumoniae OXA-48 in tap water and municipal wastewater was investigated. High toxicity (~2 μM) of TMPyP3 was shown in the dark on both strains of K. pneumoniae in tap water, while on P. aeruginosa toxicity in the dark was low (50 μM) and the PDI effect was significant (1.562 μM). However, in wastewater, the toxicity of TMPyP3 without photoactivation was much lower (12.5-100 μM), and the PDI effect was significant for all three bacterial strains, already after 10 min of irradiation with VBL (1.562-6.25 μM). In the same concentrations, or even lower, an anti-adhesion effect was shown, suggesting the possibility of application in biofilm control. By studying the kinetics of photoinactivation, it was found that with 1,562 μM of TMPyP3 it is possible to achieve the complete destruction of all three bacteria after 60 min of irradiation with VBL. This study confirmed the importance of studying the impact of water constituents on the properties and PDI effect of the applied photosensitiser, as well as checking the sensitivity of targeted bacteria to light of a certain wavelength, in conditions as close as possible to those in the intended application, to adjust all parameters and perfect the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Mušković
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Matej Planinić
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Antonela Crepulja
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marko Lušić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marin Glad
- Department for Environmental Protection and Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Martin Lončarić
- Photonics and Quantum Optics Unit, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nela Malatesti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivana Gobin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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Lähteenmäki H, Pätilä T, Pärnänen CP, Räisänen I, Tervahartiala T, Gupta S, Sorsa T. aMMP-8 point-of-care - diagnostic methods and treatment modalities in periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:627-637. [PMID: 37522314 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2240014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION When collected in a standardized fashion, oral fluid analysis can refine the diagnosis of periodontal and peri-implant disease. In practice, dental professionals can perform active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP-8) analysis chairside. AREAS COVERED Periodontal tissues are mainly made up of type I collagen, and collagen breakdown is one of the main events in periodontal and peri-implantitis destructive lesions. In addition to traditional measurements, their diagnosis can be refined with tests utilizing oral fluids. The active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) is possible to be determined from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF), and other oral fluids such as mouth rinse and saliva. We also investigated the applicability of aMMP-8 chair-side test kits in the evaluation of oral health benefits of different adjunctive host-modulating periodontal therapies including fermented lingonberry mouthwash (FLJ) and antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). EXPERT OPINION The aMMP-8 levels can more reliably detect early activation of periodontal and peri-implant disease as compared to traditional diagnostic methods that assess the experienced health status or past disease, rather than the present or future pathology. Novel therapies like, fermented lingonberry juice as a mouthrinse or aPDT, are potential host-modulating adjunctive treatments to reduce the signs of oral inflammation and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Pirjo Pärnänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ismo Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shipra Gupta
- Unit of Periodontology, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Li Y, Sun G, Xie J, Xiao S, Lin C. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral biofilm: influencing factors, mechanisms, and combined actions with other strategies. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192955. [PMID: 37362926 PMCID: PMC10288113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms are a prominent cause of a wide variety of oral infectious diseases which are still considered as growing public health problems worldwide. Oral biofilms harbor specific virulence factors that would aggravate the infectious process and present resistance to some traditional therapies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as a potential approach to eliminate oral biofilms via in situ-generated reactive oxygen species. Although numerous types of research have investigated the effectiveness of aPDT, few review articles have listed the antimicrobial mechanisms of aPDT on oral biofilms and new methods to improve the efficiency of aPDT. The review aims to summarize the virulence factors of oral biofilms, the progress of aPDT in various oral biofilm elimination, the mechanism mediated by aPDT, and combinatorial approaches of aPDT with other traditional agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingchan Xie
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Suli Xiao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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Pakarinen S, Saarela RKT, Välimaa H, Heikkinen AM, Kankuri E, Noponen M, Alapulli H, Tervahartiala T, Räisänen IT, Sorsa T, Pätilä T. Home-Applied Dual-Light Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Stable Chronic Periodontitis (HOPE-CP)-Three-Month Interim Results. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:206. [PMID: 36354651 PMCID: PMC9689653 DOI: 10.3390/dj10110206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A single-site, randomized clinical trial was designed to determine the efficacy of regular home use of Lumoral® dual-light antibacterial aPDT in periodontitis patients. For the study, 200 patients were randomized to receive non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), including standardized hygiene instructions and electric toothbrush, scaling and root planing, or NSPT with adjunctive Lumoral® treatment. A complete clinical intraoral examination was conducted in the beginning, at three months, and at six months. This report presents the three-month results of the first 59 consecutive randomized subjects. At three months, bleeding on probing (BOP) was lower in the NSPT + Lumoral®-group than in the NSPT group (p = 0.045), and more patients in the NSPT + Lumoral®-group had their BOP below 10% (54% vs. 22%, respectively, p = 0.008). In addition, patients in the NSPT + Lumoral®-group improved their oral hygiene by visible-plaque-index (p = 0.0003), while the NSPT group showed no statistical improvement compared to the baseline. Both groups significantly reduced the number of deep periodontal pockets, but more patients with a reduction in their deep pocket number were found in the NSPT + Lumoral® group (92% vs. 63%, p = 0.02). Patients whose number of deep pockets was reduced by 50% or more were also more frequent in the NSPT + Lumoral®-group (71% vs. 33%, p = 0.01). Patients with initially less than ten deep pockets had fewer deep pockets at the three-month follow-up in the Lumoral® group (p = 0.01). In conclusion, adjunctive use of Lumoral® in NSPT results in improved treatment outcomes at three months post-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saila Pakarinen
- Degree Program of Oral Hygiene, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, 00920 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hannamari Välimaa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Maria Heikkinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Helsinki University, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja Noponen
- Department of Oral Health, Health and Social Services, 00530 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Alapulli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Department of Congenital Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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Repeated Daily Use of Dual-Light Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy in Periodontal Disease—A Case Report. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10090163. [PMID: 36135158 PMCID: PMC9497669 DOI: 10.3390/dj10090163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Good oral hygiene at home is the foundation for optimal treatment response and long-term periodontal disease control. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) provides a very potent adjunctive treatment for plaque control. However, the literature regarding repeated aPDT use is sparse. aPDT has been a modality applied mainly in the dental office environment, and when applied once a year or every few months, the results have been usually disappointing. Recently, LED development has brought aPDT for repeated and practical use at home. We present the very positive results and clinical outcome of daily applied dual-light aPDT-technology treatment in conjunction with mechanical cleaning of a 78-year-old male patient with severe periodontal disease (Stage IV and Grade B).
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Zhu J, Li Q, Li X, Wu X, Yuan T, Yang Y. Simulated Enzyme Activity and Efficient Antibacterial Activity of Copper-Doped Single-Atom Nanozymes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6860-6870. [PMID: 35617453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes with good biocompatibility are novel antibacterial agents because they mimic the structure and properties of enzymes and destroy bacterial structures by generating reactive oxygen species in large quantities. Herein, we synthesized a Cu single-atom nanozyme (Cu-N-C) with intrinsic peroxidase- and oxidase-like activities. Cu-N-C can generate ·OH and O2·- during oxidase-catalyzed reactions, which have good antibacterial effects. Meanwhile, the antimicrobial performance can be further enhanced by light emitting diode light incubation due to photocatalysis. Lethal disruption of the membrane structure was confirmed by biofilm staining and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Notably, the antibacterial effect of Cu-N-C (MIC = 16 μg/mL) was significantly better than that of vancomycin (MIC = 1500 μg/mL), a commonly used drug for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Cu-N-C outperformed the positive control cephalexin and gentamicin in terms of resistance development (27.3% less production of drug-resistant bacteria). Good biocompatibility was also verified using the MTT method, hemolysis analysis, and routine blood measurements in mice. The results of this work suggest that Cu-N-C has great potential for clinical applications as an efficient metal antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrun Zhu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Qiulan Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650032, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650032, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650032, China
| | - Yaling Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
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Quorum quenching of Streptococcus mutans via the nano-quercetin-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as a potential target for cariogenic biofilm. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:125. [PMID: 35538403 PMCID: PMC9088123 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quorum sensing (QS) system can regulate the expression of virulence factors and biofilm formation in Streptococcus mutans. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) inhibits quorum quenching (QQ), and can be used to prevent microbial biofilm. We thereby aimed to evaluate the anti-biofilm potency and anti-metabolic activity of nano-quercetin (N-QCT)-mediated aPDT against S. mutans. Also, in silico evaluation of the inhibitory effect of N-QCT on the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) of S. mutans was performed to elucidate the impact of aPDT on various QS-regulated genes. Methods Cytotoxicity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were assessed following synthesis and confirmation of N-QCT. Subsequently, the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of N-QCT against S. mutans and anti-biofilm effects of aPDT were assessed using colorimetric assay and plate counting. Molecular modeling and docking analysis were performed to confirm the connection of QCT to CSP. The metabolic activity of S. mutans and the expression level of various genes involved in QS were evaluated by flow cytometry and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. Results Successful synthesis of non-toxic N-QCT was confirmed through several characterization tests. The MBIC value of N-QCT against S. mutans was 128 μg/mL. Similar to the crystal violet staining, the results log10 CFU/mL showed a significant degradation of preformed biofilms in the group treated with aPDT compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Following aPDT, metabolic activity of S. mutans also decreased by 85.7% (1/2 × MBIC of N-QCT) and 77.3% (1/4 × MBIC of N-QCT), as compared to the control values (P < 0.05). In silico analysis showed that the QCT molecule was located in the site formed by polypeptide helices of CSP. The relative expression levels of the virulence genes were significantly decreased in the presence of N-QCT-mediated aPDT (P < 0.05). Conclusions The combination of N-QCT with blue laser as a QQ-strategy leads to maximum ROS generation, disrupts the microbial biofilm of S. mutans, reduces metabolic activity, and downregulates the expression of genes involved in the QS pathway by targeting genes of the QS signaling system of S. mutans.
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Lähteenmäki H, Pätilä T, Räisänen IT, Kankuri E, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T. Repeated Home-Applied Dual-Light Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Can Reduce Plaque Burden, Inflammation, and aMMP-8 in Peri-Implant Disease—A Pilot Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1273-1283. [PMID: 35723308 PMCID: PMC8947626 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, in clinical dentistry, antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been restricted to in-office treatments, which hampers repeated applications. This pilot study tested the benefit of a commercially available Lumoral® device designed for regular periodontal dual-light aPDT treatment at home. Seven patients with peri-implant disease applied dual-light aPDT daily in addition to their normal dental hygiene for four weeks. A single Lumoral® treatment includes an indocyanine green mouth rinse followed by 40 J/cm2 radiant exposure to a combination of 810 nm and 405 nm light. A point-of-care analysis of active-matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP-8), visible plaque index (VPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and peri-implant pocket depth (PPD) measurements was performed on day 0, day 15, and day 30. Reductions in aMMP-8 (p = 0.047), VPI (p = 0.03), and BOP (p = 0.03) were observed, and PPD was measured as being 1 mm lower in the implant (p = ns). These results suggest a benefit of regular application of dual-light aPDT in peri-implantitis. Frequently repeated application can be a promising approach to diminishing the microbial burden and to lowering the tissue destructive proteolytic and inflammatory load around dental implants. Further studies in larger populations are warranted to show the long-term benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lähteenmäki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-3248433
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Department of Pediatric Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University, 00100 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Helsinki University, 00100 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00280 Helsinki, Finland; (I.T.R.); (T.T.); (T.S.)
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
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12
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de Almeida JM, Matheus HR, Sendão Alves BE, Rodrigues Gusman DJ, Nagata MJH, de Abreu Furquim EM, Ervolino E. Evaluation of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with acidic methylene blue for the treatment of experimental periodontitis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263103. [PMID: 35143492 PMCID: PMC8830666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the security and effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with a citric acid-based methylene blue (MB) on the periodontal repair following the treatment of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Were used 120 male rats, randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n = 30): no treatment (NT), SRP alone (SRP), SRP plus aPDT using conventional MB pH 7.0 (aPDT-pH7), SRP plus aPDT using acidic MB pH 1.0 (aPDT-pH1). EP was induced at day 0 by the placement of a ligature around the mandibular left first molars. Ten animals per group/period were euthanized at 14, 22 and 37 days. Histopathological, histometric (percentage of bone in the furcation [PBF]) and immunohistochemical (for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP] and osteocalcin [OCN]) analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS aPDT-pH1 showed the highest PBF as compared with the other treatments. Collectively, tissues' reaction to both dyes were controlled and healthy for the periodontium. Both aPDT protocols reduced the extent and intensity of the local inflammatory response, reduced the alveolar bone resorption, and promoted a better structural arrangement of the connective tissue as compared with SRP. TRAP expression was downregulated while OCN expression was upregulated by aPDT as compared with SRP alone. CONCLUSION Our data implicate that the novel MB pH 1.0 is as safe as the conventional MB for use in aPDT and raises its additional benefit of increasing the amount of alveolar bone in the furcation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Rinaldi Matheus
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Breno Edson Sendão Alves
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - David Jonathan Rodrigues Gusman
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José Hitomi Nagata
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisa Mara de Abreu Furquim
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- School of Dentistry, Nucleus of Study and Research in Periodontics and Implantology (NEPPI), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
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13
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Nadar S, Khan T, Patching SG, Omri A. Development of Antibiofilm Therapeutics Strategies to Overcome Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020303. [PMID: 35208758 PMCID: PMC8879831 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A biofilm is a community of stable microorganisms encapsulated in an extracellular matrix produced by themselves. Many types of microorganisms that are found on living hosts or in the environment can form biofilms. These include pathogenic bacteria that can serve as a reservoir for persistent infections, and are culpable for leading to a broad spectrum of chronic illnesses and emergence of antibiotic resistance making them difficult to be treated. The absence of biofilm-targeting antibiotics in the drug discovery pipeline indicates an unmet opportunity for designing new biofilm inhibitors as antimicrobial agents using various strategies and targeting distinct stages of biofilm formation. The strategies available to control biofilm formation include targeting the enzymes and proteins specific to the microorganism and those involved in the adhesion pathways leading to formation of resistant biofilms. This review primarily focuses on the recent strategies and advances responsible for identifying a myriad of antibiofilm agents and their mechanism of biofilm inhibition, including extracellular polymeric substance synthesis inhibitors, adhesion inhibitors, quorum sensing inhibitors, efflux pump inhibitors, and cyclic diguanylate inhibitors. Furthermore, we present the structure–activity relationships (SAR) of these agents, including recently discovered biofilm inhibitors, nature-derived bioactive scaffolds, synthetic small molecules, antimicrobial peptides, bioactive compounds isolated from fungi, non-proteinogenic amino acids and antibiotics. We hope to fuel interest and focus research efforts on the development of agents targeting the uniquely complex, physical and chemical heterogeneous biofilms through a multipronged approach and combinatorial therapeutics for a more effective control and management of biofilms across diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahaya Nadar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Mumbai 400056, India;
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, India;
| | - Simon G. Patching
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Correspondence: or (S.G.P.); (A.O.)
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Correspondence: or (S.G.P.); (A.O.)
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14
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Inhibitory effect of 405-nm blue LED light on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans dual-species biofilms on denture base resin. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2311-2319. [PMID: 35034224 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light could inhibit the growth of not only single- but dual-species biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans on denture base resin and cause the alteration in gene expression related to adhesion and biofilm formation. C. albicans and S. mutans single-/dual-species biofilms were formed on the denture base specimens. The biofilms were irradiated with 405-nm blue LED light (power density output: 280 mW/cm2) for 0 (control) and 40 min. Dual-species biofilms were analyzed using CFU assay and fluorescence microscopy, and single-/dual-species biofilms were analyzed using alamarBlue assays and gene expression analysis. To assess the inhibitory effect of irradiation on dual-species biofilms, specimens after irradiation were aerobically incubated for 12 h. After incubation, the inhibition of growth was assessed using CFU assays and fluorescence microscopy. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U or Student's t test (p < 0.05). Irradiation produced a significant inhibitory effect on biofilms. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that almost all C. albicans and S. mutans cells were killed by irradiation, and there was no notable difference in biofilm thickness immediately after irradiation and after irradiation and incubation for 12 h. alamarBlue assays indicated the growth of the biofilms was inhibited for 12-13 h. The expression of genes associated with adhesion and biofilm formation-als1 in C. albicans and ftf, gtfC, and gtfB in S. mutans-significantly reduced by irradiation. Irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light effectively inhibited the growth of C. albicans and S. mutans dual-species biofilms for 12 h.
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15
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Nikinmaa S, Podonyi A, Raivio P, Meurman J, Sorsa T, Rantala J, Kankuri E, Tauriainen T, Pätilä T. Daily Administered Dual-Light Photodynamic Therapy Provides a Sustained Antibacterial Effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10101240. [PMID: 34680821 PMCID: PMC8533018 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
New means to reduce excessive antibiotic use are urgently needed. This study tested dual-light aPDT against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm with different relative ratios of light energy with indocyanine green. We applied single-light aPDT (810 nm aPDT, 405 aBL) or dual-light aPDT (simultaneous 810 nm aPDT and 405 nm aBL), in both cases, together with the ICG photosensitizer with constant energy of 100 or 200 J/cm2. Single-dose light exposures were given after one-day, three-day, or six-day biofilm incubations. A repeated daily dose of identical light energy was applied during biofilm incubations for the three- and six-day biofilms. Using 100 J/cm2 light energy against the one-day biofilm, the dual-light aPDT consisting of more than half of aBL was the most effective. On a three-day maturated biofilm, single-dose exposure to aPDT or dual-light aPDT was more effective than aBL alone. With total light energy of 200 J/cm2, all dual-light treatments were effective. Dual-light aPDT improves the bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm compared to aPDT or aBL and provides a sustained effect. An increase in the relative ratio of aBL strengthens the antibacterial effect, mainly when the treatment is repeatedly applied. Thus, the light components' energy ratio is essential with dual-light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakari Nikinmaa
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland;
- Koite Health Oy, 02150 Espoo, Finland;
| | - Anna Podonyi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hampshire, UK;
| | - Peter Raivio
- Heart and Lung Center, Meilahti Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (P.R.); (T.T.)
| | - Jukka Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (J.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (J.M.); (T.S.)
| | | | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Tuomas Tauriainen
- Heart and Lung Center, Meilahti Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (P.R.); (T.T.)
- Department of Congenital Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland;
- Koite Health Oy, 02150 Espoo, Finland;
- Department of Congenital Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-427-2291; Fax: +358-94-717-4479
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Nikinmaa S, Moilanen N, Sorsa T, Rantala J, Alapulli H, Kotiranta A, Auvinen P, Kankuri E, Meurman JH, Pätilä T. Indocyanine Green-Assisted and LED-Light-Activated Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Reduces Dental Plaque. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9050052. [PMID: 34063662 PMCID: PMC8147628 DOI: 10.3390/dj9050052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine the feasibility and first efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted antimicrobial photodynamictherapy (aPDT) as activated using LED light to the dental plaque. Methods: Fifteen healthy adults were assigned to this four-day randomized study. After rinsing with ICG, 100 J/cm2 of 810 nm LED light was applied to the aPDT-treatment area. Plaque area and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) were measured, and plaque bacteriomes before and after the study were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: aPDT administration was preformed successfully and plaque-specifically with the combination of ICG and the applicator. Total plaque area and endpoint MMP-8 levels were reduced on the aPDT-treatment side. aPDT reduced Streptococcus, Acinetobacteria, Capnocytophaga, and Rothia bacteria species in plaques. Conclusion: ICG-assisted aPDT reduces plaque forming bacteria and exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proteolytic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakari Nikinmaa
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 12200 Espoo, Finland; (S.N.); (J.R.)
| | - Niina Moilanen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (T.S.); (H.A.); (A.K.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (T.S.); (H.A.); (A.K.); (J.H.M.)
- Department of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Juha Rantala
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 12200 Espoo, Finland; (S.N.); (J.R.)
| | - Heikki Alapulli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (T.S.); (H.A.); (A.K.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Anja Kotiranta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (T.S.); (H.A.); (A.K.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Petri Auvinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Jukka H. Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (T.S.); (H.A.); (A.K.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Department of Congenital Heart Surgery and Organ Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
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17
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Wang J, Li Y, Han X, Zhang H, Fan A, Yao X, Tang B, Zhang X. Light-Triggered Antibacterial Hydrogels Containing Recombinant Growth Factor for Treatment of Bacterial Infections and Improved Wound Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1438-1449. [PMID: 33691399 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial infection and the limitation of tissue regeneration are main obstacles to chronic wound healing. Herein, a biofunctional hydrogel is prepared to simultaneously kill bacteria efficiently and promote would healing. First, a rose bengal/polypyrrole hybrid poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (RB/PPy PVA HD) is synthesized and its antibacterial property is investigated under coirradiation of 550 nm visible light and 808 near-infrared light. The hydrogel exhibits excellent antibacterial activity within 10 min below 45 °C in vitro due to the synergistic effect of photothermal and photodynamic antibacterial therapy. Next, the recombined human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) is physically absorbed on the surface of the porous hydrogel to form a RB/PPy/rhEGF hybrid PVA HD (rhEGF/RB/PPy PVA HD). The introduction of rhEGF enables the hydrogel to promote fibroblast proliferation and collagen secretion. Furthermore, the in vivo results indicate that the rhEGF/RB/PPy PVA HD can control infection effectively and promote wound healing significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiang Han
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ailan Fan
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, Institute of New Carbon Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Zand E, Pfanner H, Domig KJ, Sinn G, Zunabovic-Pichler M, Jaeger H. Biofilm-Forming Ability of Microbacterium lacticum and Staphylococcus capitis Considering Physicochemical and Topographical Surface Properties. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030611. [PMID: 33805651 PMCID: PMC8001712 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm characteristics of Microbacterium lacticum D84 (M. lacticum) and Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (S. capitis) on polytetrafluoroethylene and AISI-304 stainless steel at early- (24, 48 h) and late-stage (144, 192 h) biofilm formation were investigated. M. lacticum biofilm structure was more developed compared to S. capitis, representing vastly mature biofilms with a strongly developed amorphous matrix, possibly extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), at late-stage biofilm formation. S. capitis showed faster growth behavior but still resulted in a relatively flat biofilm structure. Strong correlations were found between several roughness parameters and S. capitis surface coverage (r ≥ 0.98), and between total surface free energy (γs) and S. capitis surface coverage (r = 0.89), while M. lacticum remained mostly unaffected. The pronounced ubiquitous biofilm characteristics make M. lacticum D84 a suitable model for biofilm research. Studying biofilm formation of these bacteria may help one understand bacterial adhesion on interfaces and hence reduce biofilm formation in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zand
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria; (E.Z.); (H.P.); (H.J.)
| | - Hedwig Pfanner
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria; (E.Z.); (H.P.); (H.J.)
| | - Konrad J. Domig
- Institute of Food Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Gerhard Sinn
- Institute of Physics and Material Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Marija Zunabovic-Pichler
- Institute of Food Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence:
| | - Henry Jaeger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria; (E.Z.); (H.P.); (H.J.)
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19
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Al-Ansari MM, Al-Dahmash ND, Ranjitsingh AJA. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using gum Arabic: Evaluation of its inhibitory action on Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and endocarditis. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:324-330. [PMID: 33618277 PMCID: PMC7895472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans are an oral pathogen that causes dental caries, endocarditis, and systemic dysfunctions, an alternative antibacterial solution from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are investigated. METHODS AgNPs were synthesized using the ethnobotanical product gum Arabic. It influenced the nanoparticles with medicinal value through their role as capping, stabilizing, or surface-attached components. The biophysical characteristics of the synthesized AgNPs were studied using UV-vis spectrum, XRD, EDAX, SEM, and TEM tools. The AgNPs were spherical with the average size less than 10 nm. By using the well diffusion and microdilution techniques, the impact of synthesized AgNPs was tested against S. mutans isolates. RESULTS The smaller the size, the greater the antibacterial and antiviral potential the particles exhibit. The biophysical characteristics of AgNPs the presence of phenols, alcohols, amides, sulfoxide, flavanoids, terpenoids and steroids. The AgNPs exhibited a good antibacterial action against the oral pathogen S. mutans. The synthesized NPs at a dose level of 200 μg/mL exhibited an inhibition zone with 18.30 ± 0.5 nm diameter. The synthesised nanoparticles inhibited the genes responsible for biofilm formation of S. mutans over host tooth and gums (gtfB, gtfc, gtfD) and virulent protective factors (comDE, brpA and smu 360) and survival promoter genes (gyrA and spaP, gbpB). CONCLUSION The potent antibiotic action over S. mutans seen with the synthesized NPs, paves the way for the development of novel dental care products. Also, the small-sized NPs promote its applicability in COVID-19 pandemic containment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mysoon M Al-Ansari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nora D Al-Dahmash
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A J A Ranjitsingh
- Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai 600056, India
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20
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Bardhan P, Borah M, Sarkar A, Eldiehy KSH, Bhuyan S, Mandal M. Microbial biofilm: A matter of grave concern for human health and food industry. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:380-395. [PMID: 33615511 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic microorganisms have adapted different strategies during the course of time to invade host defense mechanisms and overcome the effect of potent antibiotics. The formation of biofilm on both biotic and abiotic surfaces by microorganisms is one such strategy to resist and survive even in presence of antibiotics and other adverse environmental conditions. Biofilm is a safe home of microorganisms embedded within self-produced extracellular polymeric substances comprising of polysaccharides, extracellular proteins, nucleic acid, and water. It is because of this adaptation strategy that pathogenic microorganisms are taking a heavy toll on the health and life of organisms. In this review, we discuss the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms on tissues and medically implanted devices in human beings. We also focus on food spoilage, disease outbreaks, biofilm-associated deaths, burden on economy, and other major concerns of biofilm-forming pathogenic microorganisms in food industries like dairy, poultry, ready-to-eat food, meat, and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil A Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Pritam Bardhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Munmi Borah
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Anupama Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Khalifa S H Eldiehy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shuvam Bhuyan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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21
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Assessment and Characterization of Some New Photosensitizers for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13133012. [PMID: 32640635 PMCID: PMC7372345 DOI: 10.3390/ma13133012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The novelty of this study consists on the formulation and evaluation of five complex experimental natural photosensitizers (PS): gel with oregano essential oil (O), gel with methylene blue (AM), gel with a mixture of essential oils (Thieves-H), gel with arnica oil and curcuma extract (CU) and gel with frankincense essential oil (T), used as photosensitizing agents (PS) in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the control of microbial biofilm in oral cavity. The experimental PS were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, cytotoxicity assay, antimicrobial effect and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The IR spectra of the experimental PS with essential oils exhibit absorption bands due to the presence of water and glycerol in high quantities. The studied compounds had a reduced cytotoxic effect on cell cultures. The lowest cytotoxic effect was observed in experimental PS with oregano essential oil and methylene blue PS. Essential oils with proven antibacterial capabilities used in experimental PS confer antibacterial activity to the gels in which they are incorporated, an activity that may be more efficient use of a PDT therapy. Single bacteria were detected mainly by SEM after 12 h, while aggregate bacteria and micro colonies dominated the samples at 48 h.
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