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Martelo J, Gkenas C, Ribeiro D, Alves MJ, Ribeiro F, Cucherousset J, Gago J, Magalhães MF. Local environment and fragmentation by drought and damming shape different components of native and non-native fish beta diversity across pool refuges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172517. [PMID: 38641092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Pool refuges are critical for maintaining stream fish diversity in increasingly intermittent streams. Yet, the patterns and drivers of beta diversity of native and non-native fish in pool refuges remain poorly known. Focusing on Mediterranean streams, we decomposed beta diversity of native and non-native fish into richness difference (RichDiff) and species replacement (Repl), and local (LCBD, LCBDRichDiff and LCBDRepl) and species (SCBD) contributions. We assessed the influence of environmental and spatial factors associated with drought and damming fragmentations on beta diversity components and LCBDs, and of local species richness and occupancy on LCBDs and SCBD, respectively. Overall, non-native species showed a more limited occupancy of pool refuges than native fish. RichDiff dominated beta diversity, though it was influenced by drought and damming fragmentations for native fish and local environment for non-native fish. Repl for native fish was slightly influenced by local environment, but for non-native fish was largely driven by drought and damming, albeit with a contribution of local environment as well. LCBD and LCBDRichDiff increased in pools in low order streams for native fish and at low elevations for non-native fish, and with high or low species richness. SCBD was higher for native species with intermediated pool occupancy, but for non-native species with low occupancy. Our results suggest that stream fragmentation may drive native species loss and non-native species replacement in pool refuges, and that environmental filtering may shape non-native species loss. Pools in lower order streams harbouring unique species-rich or species-poor assemblages should be prioritize for conservation and restoration, respectively, and pools at low elevation with unique non-native assemblages should deserve control efforts. We encourage the partitioning of beta diversity and individual analysis of native and non-native fish in intermittent streams, which may be key in stressing the importance of pool refuges in safeguarding native fish diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Martelo
- cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Christos Gkenas
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Ribeiro
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Judite Alves
- cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Museum of Natural History and Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Ribeiro
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- Laboratoire EDB (UMR 5174), CNRS, University Toulouse III, Paul Sabatier, France
| | - João Gago
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Santarém, Portugal; CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Portugal
| | - M Filomena Magalhães
- cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Virgilio LR, de Melo HPS, da Silva Lima F, Takemoto RM, Camargo LMA, de Oliveira Meneguetti DU. Fish endoparasite metacommunity in environments with different degrees of conservation in the western Brazilian Amazon. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2773-2793. [PMID: 37953321 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Parasite communities correspond to the definition of metacommunity, as species interact and disperse within hosts. The present study evaluated parasite metacommunities in a tropical floodplain. The study was conducted in the Western Amazon around the municipalities of Cruzeiro do Sul, state of Acre, and Guajará, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Six sampling sites were selected and grouped into conserved and degraded environments. Fish were caught between periods of drought and flood, using passive and active sampling methods; in the laboratory, they were measured weighed, and necropsied. Parasites found were fixed, evaluated, and identified. Physical and chemical variables and environmental conservation characteristics were measured in all sites. Diversity index, ANOVA, Tukey, local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), species contribution to beta diversity by individual species (SCBD), and variance partitioning were summarized. The α species diversity increased in conserved environments and varied between seasonal periods, mainly in detritivorous and omnivorous hosts. Local contributions to beta diversity showed significantly higher values in conserved environments for the endoparasite fauna of piscivorous and omnivorous hosts, indicating that these environments presented unique parasite infracommunities and revealing the conservation status of these environments. Variations in infracommunities were explained mainly by niche-based processes, including environmental conditions, degree of conservation, and host characteristics. Thus, these data will serve as a tool to understand the way parasite communities are structured, which is important information for the management and conservation of aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucena Rocha Virgilio
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Bionorte, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Paulo Silva de Melo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Federal University of Acre, Campus Floresta, Estrada Do Canela Fina, Cruzeiro Do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Fabricia da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Federal University of Acre, Campus Floresta, Estrada Do Canela Fina, Cruzeiro Do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Research Center in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture, Laboratory of Ichthyoparasitology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Meneguetti
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Bionorte, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
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Côte J, Poulet N, Blanc L, Grenouillet G. Disentangling the effects of different human disturbances on multifaceted biodiversity indices in freshwater fish. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2845. [PMID: 36922403 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the effects of anthropogenic pressures on several biodiversity metrics can inform the management and monitoring of biodiversity loss. However, the type of disturbances can lead to different responses in different metrics. In this study, we aimed at disentangling the effects of different types of anthropogenic disturbances on freshwater fish communities. We calculated diversity indices for 1109 stream fish communities across France by computing richness and evenness components for ecological, morphological, and phylogenetic diversity, and used null models to estimate standardized effect sizes. We used generalized linear mixed models to assess the relative effects of environmental and anthropogenic drivers in driving those diversity indices. Our results demonstrated that all diversity indices exhibited significant responses to both climatic conditions and anthropogenic disturbances. While we observed a decrease of ecological and phylogenetic richness with the intensity of disturbance, a weak increase in morphological richness and evenness was apparent. Overall, our results demonstrated the importance of disentangling various types of disturbances when assessing human-induced ecological impacts and highlighted that different facets of diversity are not impacted identically by anthropogenic disturbances in stream fish communities. This calls for further work seeking to integrate biodiversity responses to human disturbances into a multifaceted framework, and could have beneficial implications when planning conservation action in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Côte
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR5174, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Poulet
- Pôle Ecohydraulique, Office Français de La Biodiversité, Institut des Mécaniques des Fluides, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Blanc
- Office français de la biodiversité, Direction régionale Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Gaël Grenouillet
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR5174, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Stoczynski L, Scott MC, Bower L, Peoples BK. Effects of environment and metacommunity delineation on multiple dimensions of stream fish beta diversity. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1077994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionBeta diversity represents changes in community composition among locations across a landscape. While the effects of human activities on beta diversity are becoming clearer, few studies have considered human effects on the three dimensions of beta diversity: taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic. Including anthropogenic factors and multiple dimensions of biodiversity may explain additional variation in stream fish beta diversity, providing new insight into how metacommunities are structured within different spatial delineations.MethodsIn this study, we used a 350 site stream fish abundance dataset from South Carolina, United States to quantify beta diversity explainable by spatial, natural environmental, and anthropogenic variables. We investigated three spatial delineations: (1) a single whole-state metacommunity delineated by political boundaries, (2) two metacommunities delineated by a natural geomorphic break separating uplands from lowlands, and (3) four metacommunities delineated by natural watershed boundaries. Within each metacommunity we calculated taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic beta diversity and used variation partitioning to quantify spatial, natural environmental, and anthropogenic contributions to variations in beta diversity.ResultsWe explained 25–81% of the variation in stream fish beta diversity. The importance of these three factors in structuring metacommunities differed among the diversity dimensions, providing complementary perspectives on the processes shaping beta diversity in fish communities. The effect of spatial, natural environmental, and anthropogenic factors varied among the spatial delineations, which indicate conclusions drawn from variation partitioning may depend on the spatial delineation chosen by researchers.DiscussionOur study highlights the importance of considering human effects on metacommunity structure, quantifying multiple dimensions of beta diversity, and careful consideration of user-defined metacommunity boundaries in beta diversity analyses.
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Morais-Silva JP, Scorsim B, Gonçalves G, Frota A, da Graça WJ, de Oliveira AV. Molecular Markers Reveal a New and Possibly Threatened Species of Cnesterodon (Poeciliidae, Cnesterodontini) from the Upper Paraná River Basin, Brazil. Zebrafish 2023; 20:37-45. [PMID: 36695733 PMCID: PMC9968864 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cnesterodon comprises 10 valid species occurring in the major river basins of South America. Recent ichthyofaunistic studies in the Ivaí River basin, upper Paraná River system, suggested the existence of a possible new species, which was identified as Cnesterodon sp. based on morphological characters. Currently, the use of molecular tools has proved to be fundamental in aiding phylogenetics and cataloging biodiversity; therefore, in this study, we molecularly characterize a possible new species of Cnesterodon from the Ivaí River basin encoding the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome c Oxidase, subunit I (COI), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2). The genetic differences found showed that this species really differs from the other Cnesterodon species, indicating that it is a distinct species, which is possibly already in serious danger of extinction since its habitat often suffers from human exploitation and its distribution is restricted to only two sites in the upper Ivaí River basin, but it has disappeared in one of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Morais-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Scorsim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Geovana Gonçalves
- Curso de Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Augusto Frota
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Weferson Júnio da Graça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia and Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Maringá, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Maringá, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Valéria de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular and Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Maringá, Brazil
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Cetra M, Mattox GMT, Romero PB, Escobar SH. Protected areas and compositional diversity of fish from Serranias Costeiras of the Ribeira de Iguape River basin, Southeast Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The Serranias Costeiras of the Ribeira de Iguape River basin comprise landscapes with steep slopes, where many streams are contained in protected areas. We evaluated the importance of these protected areas for stream fish diversity. We sampled the ichthyofauna during the dry season of 2010, 2018 and 2019 in 36 stream stretches. We used beta diversity measures and estimated species richness and dark diversity in streams from two types of protected areas (full protection, FP and sustainable use, SU) and outside (Out). The altitude-width and velocity gradient of the streams explained the species turnover. The PA type promoted the richness difference, with FP streams having less species richness than SU and outside. Streams from FP presented lower species richness and dark diversity. These results indicate that the few species in FPs are well protected. The FP streams contain a relevant proportion of the regional species pool and, therefore, are essential for conserving fish stream diversity in the study region. On the other hand, streams from SU or Out have higher species richness, but their fish fauna is more vulnerable. Due to longitudinal stream connectivity, we highlight the importance of rethinking the limits of protected areas.
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Ortega JCG, Bacani I, Dorado-Rodrigues TF, Strüssmann C, Fernandes IM, Morales J, Mateus L, Silva HPD, Penha J. Effects of urbanization and environmental heterogeneity on fish assemblages in small streams. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The structure of freshwater assemblages may be driven directly by urbanization or indirectly by a reduction in environmental heterogeneity (EH). Disentangling the effects of urbanization and EH requires uncorrelated proxies of each of these factors. We assessed the effects of the degree of urbanization and EH on the structure of fish assemblages. We sampled fish in 45 streams located in the urban area of Cuiabá. We assessed the effects of urbanization and EH on rarefied fish species richness (Srarefied), the local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), and composition with linear models and distance-based redundancy analysis. Our indexes of urbanization and EH were not correlated. We found that both Srarefied and the LCBD decreased with an increasing degree of urbanization, but were not associated with EH. We also noted that few native fish species abundances were associated with the EH. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens, and Astyanax lacustris were abundant in streams with a lower degree of urbanization. The non-native Poecilia reticulata was more abundant in streams with a higher degree of urbanization. Our results highlight that urbanization leads in negative impacts on fish assemblages, such as decreases in diversity and the dominance of non-native species.
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Miiller NOR, Cunico AM, Gubiani ÉA, Piana PA. Functional responses of stream fish communities to rural and urban land uses. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract We tested the effects of ruralization and urbanization on the functional diversity indices and the composition of functional traits of Neotropical stream fish communities. The study was carried out in 24 streams of the Pirapó, Piquiri, Paraná III and Iguassu river basins. Land use in the watershed was categorized as percentages of native vegetation, rural occupation and urban occupation. Statistical tests revealed negative bivariate correlations between functional dispersion and the proportion of native vegetation in the watershed. The results indicate that a higher percentage of rural or urban occupation is associated with increased functional dispersion. In the analyzes of trait composition, significant alterations were observed in response to urbanization while only the increase in herbivory responded to ruralization. As the area of native vegetation is reduced by urbanization, the trait composition changes, with reduced proportions of species with intolerance to hypoxia, migratory reproductive behavior, external fertilization, and subterminal mouth, and increased proportions of species with parental care, detritivory, internal fertilization, and an upper mouth. Therefore, fish species that have these specific characteristics are more likely to disappear from streams as urbanization progresses. In summary, urbanization was related to a greater change in the composition of functional traits than ruralization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Almir Manoel Cunico
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brazil
| | - Éder André Gubiani
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pitágoras Augusto Piana
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brazil
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