1
|
Pachler KS, Lauwers I, Verkaik NS, Rovituso M, van der Wal E, Mast H, Jonker BP, Sewnaik A, Hardillo JA, Keereweer S, Monserez D, Kremer B, Koppes S, van den Bosch TPP, Verduijn GM, Petit S, Sørensen BS, van Gent DC, Capala ME. Development of an Ex Vivo Functional Assay for Prediction of Irradiation Related Toxicity in Healthy Oral Mucosa Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7157. [PMID: 39000262 PMCID: PMC11241643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy in the head-and-neck area is one of the main curative treatment options. However, this comes at the cost of varying levels of normal tissue toxicity, affecting up to 80% of patients. Mucositis can cause pain, weight loss and treatment delays, leading to worse outcomes and a decreased quality of life. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an approach to predicting normal mucosal responses in patients prior to treatment. We here describe an assay to detect irradiation responses in healthy oral mucosa tissue. Mucosa specimens from the oral cavity were obtained after surgical resection, cut into thin slices, irradiated and cultured for three days. Seven samples were irradiated with X-ray, and three additional samples were irradiated with both X-ray and protons. Healthy oral mucosa tissue slices maintained normal morphology and viability for three days. We measured a dose-dependent response to X-ray irradiation and compared X-ray and proton irradiation in the same mucosa sample using standardized automated image analysis. Furthermore, increased levels of inflammation-inducing factors-major drivers of mucositis development-could be detected after irradiation. This model can be utilized for investigating mechanistic aspects of mucositis development and can be developed into an assay to predict radiation-induced toxicity in normal mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin S. Pachler
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (K.S.P.); (D.C.v.G.)
| | - Iris Lauwers
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole S. Verkaik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (K.S.P.); (D.C.v.G.)
| | - Marta Rovituso
- Holland Proton Therapy Centre (HPTC), Huismansingel 4, 2629 JH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst van der Wal
- Holland Proton Therapy Centre (HPTC), Huismansingel 4, 2629 JH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty Mast
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brend P. Jonker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aniel Sewnaik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose A. Hardillo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn Keereweer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominiek Monserez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjors Koppes
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerda M. Verduijn
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Petit
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brita S. Sørensen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Nordre Ringgade 1, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dik C. van Gent
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (K.S.P.); (D.C.v.G.)
| | - Marta E. Capala
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bowen J, Cross C. The Role of the Innate Immune Response in Oral Mucositis Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16314. [PMID: 38003503 PMCID: PMC10670995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a significant complication of cancer therapy with limited management strategies. Whilst inflammation is a central feature of destructive and ultimately ulcerative pathology, to date, attempts to mitigate damage via this mechanism have proven limited. A relatively underexamined aspect of OM development is the contribution of elements of the innate immune system. In particular, the role played by barriers, pattern recognition systems, and microbial composition in early damage signaling requires further investigation. As such, this review highlights the innate immune response as a potential focus for research to better understand OM pathogenesis and development of interventions for patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Future areas of evaluation include manipulation of microbial-mucosal interactions to alter cytotoxic sensitivity, use of germ-free models, and translation of innate immune-targeted agents interrogated for mucosal injury in other regions of the alimentary canal into OM-based clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bowen
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia;
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Valiente M, Sepúlveda JM, Pérez A. Emerging targets for cancer treatment: S100A9/RAGE. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100751. [PMID: 36652782 PMCID: PMC9860424 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing better treatments that work for the majority of patients with brain metastasis (BM) is highly necessary. Complementarily, avoiding those therapeutic procedures that will not benefit a specific patient is also very relevant. In general, existing therapies for patients with BM could be improved in terms of molecular stratification and therapeutic efficacy. By questioning the benefit of whole brain radiotherapy as provided nowadays and the lack of biomarkers detecting radioresistance, we identified S100A9 and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) as a liquid biopsy biomarker and a potential target for a radiosensitizer, respectively. Both of them are being clinically tested as part of the first comprehensive molecular strategy to personalized radiotherapy in BM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - J M Sepúlveda
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid.
| | - A Pérez
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid; Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid; Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Srivastava RK, Wang Y, Khan J, Muzaffar S, Lee MB, Weng Z, Croutch C, Agarwal A, Deshane J, Athar M. Role of hair follicles in the pathogenesis of arsenical-induced cutaneous damage. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1515:168-183. [PMID: 35678766 PMCID: PMC9531897 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arsenical vesicants cause skin inflammation, blistering, and pain. The lack of appropriate animal models causes difficulty in defining their molecular pathogenesis. Here, Ptch1+/- /C57BL/6 mice were employed to investigate the pathobiology of the arsenicals lewisite and phenylarsine oxide (PAO). Following lewisite or PAO challenge (24 h), the skin of animals becomes grayish-white, thick, leathery, and wrinkled with increased bi-fold thickness, Draize score, and necrotic patches. In histopathology, infiltrating leukocytes (macrophages and neutrophils), epidermal-dermal separation, edema, apoptotic cells, and disruption of tight and adherens junction proteins can be visualized. PCR arrays and nanoString analyses showed significant increases in cytokines/chemokines and other proinflammatory mediators. As hair follicles (HFs), which provide an immune-privileged environment, may affect immune cell trafficking and consequent inflammatory responses, we compared the pathogenesis of these chemicals in this model to that in Ptch1+/- /SKH-1 hairless mice. Ptch1+/- /SKH-1 mice have rudimentary, whereas Ptch1+/- /C57BL/6 mice have well-developed HFs. Although no significant differences were observed in qualitative inflammatory responses between the two strains, levels of cytokines/chemokines differed. Importantly, the mechanism of inflammation was identical; both reactive oxygen species induction and consequent activation of unfolded protein response signaling were similar. These data reveal that the acute molecular pathogenesis of arsenicals in these two murine models is similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh K Srivastava
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jasim Khan
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Suhail Muzaffar
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Madison B Lee
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Zhiping Weng
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Claire Croutch
- MRIGlobal Medical Countermeasures Division, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jessy Deshane
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mohammad Athar
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi J, Kanoya R, Tani Y, Ishikawa S, Maeda R, Suzuki S, Kawanami F, Miyagawa N, Takahashi K, Oku T, Yamamoto A, Fukuzawa K, Nakajima M, Irimura T, Higashi N. Sulfated Hyaluronan Binds to Heparanase and Blocks Its Enzymatic and Cellular Actions in Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095055. [PMID: 35563446 PMCID: PMC9102160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether sulfated hyaluronan exerts inhibitory effects on enzymatic and biological actions of heparanase, a sole endo-beta-glucuronidase implicated in cancer malignancy and inflammation. Degradation of heparan sulfate by human and mouse heparanase was inhibited by sulfated hyaluronan. In particular, high-sulfated hyaluronan modified with approximately 2.5 sulfate groups per disaccharide unit effectively inhibited the enzymatic activity at a lower concentration than heparin. Human and mouse heparanase bound to immobilized sulfated hyaluronan. Invasion of heparanase-positive colon-26 cells and 4T1 cells under 3D culture conditions was significantly suppressed in the presence of high-sulfated hyaluronan. Heparanase-induced release of CCL2 from colon-26 cells was suppressed in the presence of sulfated hyaluronan via blocking of cell surface binding and subsequent intracellular NF-κB-dependent signaling. The inhibitory effect of sulfated hyaluronan is likely due to competitive binding to the heparanase molecule, which antagonizes the heparanase-substrate interaction. Fragment molecular orbital calculation revealed a strong binding of sulfated hyaluronan tetrasaccharide to the heparanase molecule based on electrostatic interactions, particularly characterized by interactions of (−1)- and (−2)-positioned sulfated sugar residues with basic amino acid residues composing the heparin-binding domain-1 of heparanase. These results propose a relevance for sulfated hyaluronan in the blocking of heparanase-mediated enzymatic and cellular actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Riku Kanoya
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Yurina Tani
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Sodai Ishikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Rino Maeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Sana Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Fumiya Kawanami
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Naoko Miyagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Katsuhiko Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan;
| | - Ami Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.F.)
| | - Kaori Fukuzawa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.F.)
| | - Motowo Nakajima
- SBI Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 1-6-1, Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6019, Japan;
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 104-8520, Japan;
| | - Nobuaki Higashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5498-5775
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Srivastava RK, Mishra B, Muzaffar S, Gorbatyuk MS, Agarwal A, Mukhtar MS, Athar M. Dynamic Regulation of the Nexus Between Stress Granules, Roquin, and Regnase-1 Underlies the Molecular Pathogenesis of Warfare Vesicants. Front Immunol 2022; 12:809365. [PMID: 35082795 PMCID: PMC8784689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.809365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of chemical warfare agents is prohibited but they have been used in recent Middle Eastern conflicts. Their accidental exposure (e.g. arsenical lewisite) is also known and causes extensive painful cutaneous injury. However, their molecular pathogenesis is not understood. Here, we demonstrate that a nexus of stress granules (SGs), integrated stress, and RNA binding proteins (RBPs) Roquin and Reganse-1 play a key role. Lewisite and its prototype phenylarsine oxide (PAO) induce SG assembly in skin keratinocytes soon after exposure, which associate with various RBPs and translation-related proteins. SG disassembly was detected several hours after exposure. The dynamics of SG assembly-disassembly associates with the chemical insult and cell damage. Enhanced Roquin and Regnase-1 expression occurs when Roquin was recruited to SGs and Regnase-1 to the ribosome while in the disassembling SGs their expression is decreased with consequent induction of inflammatory mediators. SG-targeted protein translational control is regulated by the phosphorylation-dependent activation of eukaryotic initiation factors 2α (eIF2α). Treatment with integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB), which blocks eIF2α phosphorylation, impacted SG assembly dynamics. Topical application of ISRIB attenuated the inflammation and tissue disruption in PAO-challenged mice. Thus, the dynamic regulation of these pathways provides underpinning to cutaneous injury and identify translational therapeutic approach for these and similar debilitating chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar Srivastava
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Bharat Mishra
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Suhail Muzaffar
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Marina S. Gorbatyuk
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - M. Shahid Mukhtar
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mohammad Athar
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|