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Davarzani M, Aliniaeifard S, Mehrjerdi MZ, Roozban MR, Saeedi SA, Gruda NS. Optimizing supplemental light spectrum improves growth and yield of cut roses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21381. [PMID: 38049454 PMCID: PMC10696034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the seasons with limited light intensity, reductions in growth, yield, and quality are challenging for commercial cut rose production in greenhouses. Using artificial supplemental light is recommended for maintaining commercial production in regions with limited light intensity. Nowadays, replacing traditional lighting sources with LEDs attracted lots of attention. Since red (R) and blue (B) light spectra present the important wavelengths for photosynthesis and growth, in the present study, different ratios of supplemental R and B lights, including 90% R: B 10% (R90B10), 80% R: 20% B (R80B20), 70% R: 30% B (R70B30) with an intensity of 150 µmol m-2 s-1 together with natural light and without supplemental light (control) were applied on two commercial rose cultivars. According to the obtained results, supplemental light improved growth, carbohydrate levels, photosynthesis capacity, and yield compared to the control. R90B10 in both cultivars reduced the time required for flowering compared to the control treatment. R90B10 and R80B20 obtained the highest number of harvested flower stems in both cultivars. Chlorophyll and carotenoid levels were the highest under control. They had a higher ratio of B light, while carbohydrate and anthocyanin contents increased by having a high ratio of R light in the supplemental light. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence was indicative of better photosynthetic performance under a high ratio of R light in the supplemental light. In conclusion, the R90B10 light regime is recommended as a suitable supplemental light recipe to improve growth and photosynthesis, accelerate flowering, and improve the yield and quality of cut roses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Davarzani
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran.
- Controlled Environment Agriculture Center, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahboobeh Zare Mehrjerdi
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Reza Roozban
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Arash Saeedi
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazim S Gruda
- Department of Horticultural Science, INRES-Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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Saeedi SA, Vahdati K, Sarikhani S, Daylami SD, Davarzani M, Gruda NS, Aliniaeifard S. Growth, photosynthetic function, and stomatal characteristics of Persian walnut explants in vitro under different light spectra. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1292045. [PMID: 38046599 PMCID: PMC10690960 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1292045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Light plays a crucial role in photosynthesis, which is an essential process for plantlets produced during in vitro tissue culture practices and ex vitro acclimatization. LED lights are an appropriate technology for in vitro lighting but their effect on propagation and photosynthesis under in vitro condition is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of different light spectra on growth, photosynthetic functionality, and stomatal characteristics of micropropagated shoots of Persian walnut (cv. Chandler). Tissue-cultured walnut nodal shoots were grown under different light qualities including white, blue, red, far-red, green, combination of red and blue (70:30), combination of red and far-red (70:30), and fluorescent light as the control. Results showed that the best growth and vegetative characteristics of in vitro explants of Persian walnut were achieved under combination of red and blue light. The biggest size of stomata was detected under white and blue lights. Red light stimulated stomatal closure, while stomatal opening was induced under blue and white lights. Although the red and far-red light spectra resulted in the formation of elongated explants with more lateral shoots and anthocyanin content, they significantly reduced the photosynthetic functionality. Highest soluble carbohydrate content and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II were detected in explants grown under blue and white light spectra. In conclusion, growing walnut explants under combination of red and blue lights leads to better growth, photosynthesis functionality, and the emergence of functional stomata in in vitro explants of Persian walnuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Arash Saeedi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Vahdati
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saadat Sarikhani
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Davarzani
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazim S. Gruda
- Department of Horticultural Science, INRES–Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Controlled Environment Agriculture Center (CEAC), College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Liu X, Shi R, Gao M, He R, Li Y, Liu H. Growth of tomato and cucumber seedlings under different light environments and their development after transplanting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1164768. [PMID: 37546262 PMCID: PMC10400448 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1164768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Selecting suitable light conditions according to the plant growth characteristics is one of the important approaches to cultivating high-quality vegetable seedlings. To determine the more favorable LED light conditions for producing high-quality tomato and cucumber seedlings in plant factories with artificial light (PFALS), the growth characteristics of tomato and cucumber seedlings under seven LED light environments (CK, B, UV-A, FR, B+UV-A, UV-A+FR, and B+FR) and the development of these seedlings after transplanting into a plastic greenhouse were investigated. The results showed that the seedling height and hypocotyl length increased in treatments with far-red light supplementation (FR, UV-A+FR, and B+FR), but decreased in the B treatment, in both varieties. The seedling index of tomato seedlings increased in the B+UV-A treatment, while that of cucumber seedlings increased in the FR treatment. After transplanting into a plastic greenhouse, tomato plants that radiated with UV-A had greater flower numbers on the 15th day after transplanting. In cucumber plants of the FR treatment, the flowering time was significantly delayed, and the female flower exhibited at a lower node position. By using a comprehensive scoring analysis of all detected indicators, light environments with UV-A and FR were more beneficial for improving the overall quality of tomato and cucumber seedlings, respectively.
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Wang T, Li L, Qin Y, Lu B, Xu D, Zhuang W, Shu X, Zhang F, Wang N, Wang Z. Effects of Seasonal Changes on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Physiological Characteristics in the Two Taxus Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2636. [PMID: 37514250 PMCID: PMC10384244 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Taxus is a rare and endangered woody plant worldwide with important economic and ecological values. However, the weak environmental adaptability of Taxus species, in particular the unstable photosynthetic activity in different seasons, always affects its normal growth and development and limits its conservation and exploitation. To improve the survival of Taxus trees in cultivated areas, the seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) and key physiological parameters were comprehensively investigated in T. media and T. mairei. The results demonstrated that the photosynthetic activity of both Taxus species was sensitive to local summer and winter environmental conditions, with the heterogeneity of fluorescence signatures intuitively presented on the needle surface by CF-Imaging detection, while images of maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) demonstrated values below 0.7 in the blue-green sectors in winter. The distribution of light energy was regulated by the photosynthetic apparatus in both Taxus species to maintain a stable actual quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (φPSII), which was around 0.4-0.5. Based on a redundancy discriminant analysis, the interpretation rate of light intensity and air temperature ranked as the top two in both Taxus species, which were considered the main environmental factors affecting the photosynthetic performance of Taxus by disturbing the electron transport chain. In the winter, T. mairei exhibited weaker electron transport activity than T. media, thus caused lower photochemistry and more severe photosynthetic damages. Interestingly, both Taxus species demonstrated consistent response patterns, including diverse energy dissipation strategies and enhancement of osmoregulatory substances and antioxidative activities, thus maintaining stable photosynthetic functions in response to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yalong Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bo Lu
- Nanjing Athortiland Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Donghuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weibing Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaochun Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
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Tadda SA, Li C, Ding J, Li J, Wang J, Huang H, Fan Q, Chen L, He P, Ahiakpa JK, Karikari B, Chen X, Qiu D. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses provide insight into the effect of red and blue LEDs on the quality of sweet potato leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1181680. [PMID: 37324670 PMCID: PMC10266350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) affect the quality of sweet potato leaves and their nutritional profile. Vines cultivated under blue LEDs had higher soluble protein contents, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and total antioxidant activity. Conversely, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, protein, and vitamin C contents were higher in leaves grown under red LEDs. Red and blue light increased the accumulation of 77 and 18 metabolites, respectively. Alpha-linoleic and linolenic acid metabolism were the most significantly enriched pathways based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. A total of 615 genes were differentially expressed between sweet potato leaves exposed to red and blue LEDs. Among these, 510 differentially expressed genes were upregulated in leaves grown under blue light compared with those grown under red light, while the remaining 105 genes were expressed at higher levels in the latter than in the former. Among the KEGG enrichment pathways, blue light significantly induced anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis structural genes. This study provides a scientific reference basis for using light to alter metabolites to improve the quality of edible sweet potato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehu A. Tadda
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria
- Agriculture Research Group, Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chengyue Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jintao Ding
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian’an Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Quan Fan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengfei He
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - John K. Ahiakpa
- Agriculture Research Group, Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Benjamin Karikari
- Agriculture Research Group, Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Xuanyang Chen
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture, and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Qiu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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d’Aquino L, Cozzolino R, Nardone G, Borelli G, Gambale E, Sighicelli M, Menegoni P, Modarelli GC, Rimauro J, Chianese E, Nenna G, Fasolino T, D’Urso G, Montoro P. Effects of White and Blue-Red Light on Growth and Metabolism of Basil Grown under Microcosm Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1450. [PMID: 37050076 PMCID: PMC10097113 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Indoor farming of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under artificial lighting to support year-round produce demand is an area of increasing interest. Literature data indicate that diverse light regimes differently affect downstream metabolic pathways which influence basil growth, development and metabolism. In this study, basil was grown from seedlings to fully developed plants in a microcosm, an innovative device aimed at growing plants indoor as in natural conditions. Specifically, the effects of white (W) and blue-red (BR) light under a photosynthetic photon flux density of 255 μmol m-2 s-1 on plant growth, photochemistry, soluble nutrient concentration and secondary metabolism were investigated. Plants grew taller (41.8 ± 5.0 vs. 28.4 ± 2.5 cm) and produced greater biomass (150.3 ± 24.2/14.7 ± 2.0 g vs. 116.2 ± 28.3/12.3 ± 2.5 g fresh/dry biomass) under W light compared to BR light. The two lighting conditions differently influenced the soluble nutrient concentration and the translocation rate. No photosynthetic stress was observed under the two lighting regimes, but leaves grown under W light displayed higher levels of maximum quantum yield of PSII and electron transport rate. Sharp differences in metabolic patterns under the two lighting regimes were detected with higher concentrations of phenolic compounds under the BR light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi d’Aquino
- ENEA, Portici Research Centre, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Rosaria Cozzolino
- Institute of Food Science, National Council of Research, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Borelli
- Becar S.r.l. (Beghelli Group), Viale della Pace 1, Monteveglio, 40050 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emilia Gambale
- ENEA, Portici Research Centre, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Maria Sighicelli
- ENEA, Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, Santa Maria di Galeria, 00060 Roma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Menegoni
- ENEA, Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, Santa Maria di Galeria, 00060 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Modarelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Juri Rimauro
- ENEA, Portici Research Centre, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Elena Chianese
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Isola C4, Centro Direzionale di Napoli, 80143 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nenna
- ENEA, Portici Research Centre, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fasolino
- ENEA, Portici Research Centre, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, Napoli, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Gilda D’Urso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Paola Montoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Tsaballa A, Xanthopoulou A, Sperdouli I, Bantis F, Boutsika A, Chatzigeorgiou I, Tsaliki E, Koukounaras A, Ntinas GK, Ganopoulos I. LED omics in Rocket Salad ( Diplotaxis tenuifolia): Comparative Analysis in Different Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Spectrum and Energy Consumption. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1203. [PMID: 36986894 PMCID: PMC10059670 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
By applying three different LED light treatments, designated as blue (B), red (R)/blue (B), red (R) and white (W) light, as well as the control, the effect on Diplotaxis tenuifolia phenotype (yield and quality), and physiological, biochemical, and molecular status, as well as growing system resource use efficiency, was examined. We observed that basic leaf characteristics, such as leaf area, leaf number, relative chlorophyll content, as well as root characteristics, such as total root length and root architecture, remained unaffected by different LEDs. Yield expressed in fresh weight was slightly lower in LED lights than in the control (1113 g m-2), with R light producing the least (679 g m-2). However, total soluble solids were significantly affected (highest, 5.5° Brix, in R light) and FRAP was improved in all LED lights (highest, 191.8 μg/g FW, in B) in comparison to the control, while the nitrate content was less (lowest, 949.2 μg/g FW, in R). Differential gene expression showed that B LED light affected more genes in comparison to R and R/B lights. Although total phenolic content was improved under all LED lights (highest, 1.05 mg/g FW, in R/B), we did not detect a significant amount of DEGs in the phenylpropanoid pathway. R light positively impacts the expression of the genes encoding for photosynthesis components. On the other hand, the positive impact of R light on SSC was possibly due to the expression of key genes being induced, such as SUS1. In summary, this research is an integrative and innovative study, where the exploration of the effect of different LED lights on rocket growing under protected cultivation, in a closed chamber cultivation system, was performed at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aphrodite Tsaballa
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Aliki Xanthopoulou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Ilektra Sperdouli
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Filippos Bantis
- Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Boutsika
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Ioanna Chatzigeorgiou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
- Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Tsaliki
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Athanasios Koukounaras
- Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios K. Ntinas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
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Guiamba HDSS, Zhang X, Sierka E, Lin K, Ali MM, Ali WM, Lamlom SF, Kalaji HM, Telesiński A, Yousef AF, Xu Y. Enhancement of photosynthesis efficiency and yield of strawberry ( Fragaria ananassa Duch.) plants via LED systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:918038. [PMID: 36161001 PMCID: PMC9507429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to advances in the industrial development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), much research has been conducted in recent years to get a better understanding of how plants respond to these light sources. This study investigated the effects of different LED-based light regimes on strawberry plant development and performance. The photosynthetic pigment content, biochemical constituents, and growth characteristics of strawberry plants were investigated using a combination of different light intensities (150, 200, and 250 μmol m-2 s-1), qualities (red, green, and blue LEDs), and photoperiods (14/10 h, 16/8 h, and 12/12 h light/dark cycles) compared to the same treatment with white fluorescent light. Plant height, root length, shoot fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll/carotenoid content, and most plant yield parameters were highest when illuminated with LM7 [intensity (250 μmol m-2 s-1) + quality (70% red/30% blue LED light combination) + photoperiod (16/8 h light/dark cycles)]. The best results for the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry Y(II), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), and electron transport ratio (ETR) were obtained with LM8 illumination [intensity (250 μmol m-2 s-1) + quality (50% red/20% green/30% blue LED light combination) + photoperiod (12 h/12 h light/dark cycles)]. We conclude that strawberry plants require prolonged and high light intensities with a high red-light component for maximum performance and biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Edyta Sierka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kui Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Waleed M. Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
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Modulations in Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Based on Intensity and Spectral Variations of Light. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105599. [PMID: 35628428 PMCID: PMC9146714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic efficiency is significantly affected by both qualitative and quantitative changes during light exposure. The properties of light have a profound effect on electron transport and energy absorption in photochemical reactions. In addition, fluctuations in light intensity and variations in the spectrum can lead to a decrease in photosystem II efficiency. These features necessitate the use of a simple and suitable tool called chlorophyll a fluorescence to study photosynthetic reactions as a function of the aforementioned variables. This research implies that chlorophyll a fluorescence data can be used to determine precise light conditions that help photoautotrophic organisms optimally function.
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10
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Effect on the Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Anthurium andreanum (‘Pink Champion’, ‘Alabama’) under Hydroponic Culture by Different LED Light Spectra. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Anthurium andreanum was one of the best indoor ornamental plants. Two cultivars of Anthurium andreanum (Pink Champion, Alabama) were used to investigate the effects of light quality on physiological and biochemical indexes. There were six different light quality treatments: Fluorescent Daylight Lamp (CK), and RB (100% Blue, 60% R + 40% B, 70% R + 30% B, 80% R + 20% B, 100% Red) provided by light emitting diodes (LED). The results showed that blue light was beneficial to shoot growth and dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic rate, soluble sugar, and POD activities. Red light was beneficial for the synthesis and accumulation of soluble protein, and could promote root growth. ‘Pink Champion’ and ‘Alabama’ obtained the relatively better morphological parameters, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities in 7:3 and 6:4 treatments. The antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD) activities under composite light of red and blue treatments were better than that of monochromatic red, blue light treatments and CK on the whole. Comprehensive evaluation showed that the treatment of 7:3 was a suitable light environment indoors and could be used as the preferred light quality ratio in the production and application of Anthurium andreanum.
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Trojak M, Skowron E, Sobala T, Kocurek M, Pałyga J. Effects of partial replacement of red by green light in the growth spectrum on photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis in tomato plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 151:295-312. [PMID: 34580802 PMCID: PMC8940809 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The artificial light used in growth chambers is usually devoid of green (G) light, which is considered to be less photosynthetically efficient than blue (B) or red (R) light. To verify the role of G light supplementation in the spectrum, we modified the RB spectrum by progressively replacing R light with an equal amount of G light. The tomato plants were cultivated under 100 µmol m-2 s-1 of five different combinations of R (35-75%) and G light (0-40%) in the presence of a fixed proportion of B light (25%) provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Substituting G light for R altered the plant's morphology and partitioning of biomass. We observed a decrease in the dry biomass of leaves, which was associated with increased biomass accumulation and the length of the roots. Moreover, plants previously grown under the RGB spectrum more efficiently utilized the B light that was applied to assess the effective quantum yield of photosystem II, as well as the G light when estimated with CO2 fixation using RB + G light-response curves. At the same time, the inclusion of G light in the growth spectrum reduced stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E) and altered stomatal traits, thus improving water-use efficiency. Besides this, the increasing contribution of G light in place of R light in the growth spectrum resulted in the progressive accumulation of phytochrome interacting factor 5, along with a lowered level of chalcone synthase and anthocyanins. However, the plants grown at 40% G light exhibited a decreased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and consequently, a reduced dry biomass accumulation, accompanied by morphological and molecular traits related to shade-avoidance syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Trojak
- Department of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Ernest Skowron
- Department of Environmental Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sobala
- Department of Environmental Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Maciej Kocurek
- Department of Environmental Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jan Pałyga
- Department of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
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12
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Overexpression of a Gene Encoding Trigonelline Synthase from Areca catechu L. Promotes Drought Resilience in Transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11040487. [PMID: 35214824 PMCID: PMC8877179 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Areca catechu L. is a commercially important palm tree widely cultured in tropical and subtropical areas. Its growth and production are severely hindered by the increasing threat of drought. In the present study, we investigated the physiological responses of areca seedlings to drought stress. The results showed that prolonged drought-induced yellowing on the overall area of most leaves significantly altered the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including maximum chemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical efficiency of PSII (Y(II)), photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching (qP) and non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching (NPQ). On the 10th day of drought treatment, the contents of proline in the areca leaves and roots increased, respectively, by 12.2 times and 8.4 times compared to normal watering. The trigonelline levels in the leaves rose from 695.35 µg/g to 1125.21 µg/g under 10 days of water shortage, while no significant changes were detected in the content of trigonelline in the roots. We determined the gene encoding areca trigonelline synthase (AcTS) by conducting a bioinformatic search of the areca genome database. Sequence analysis revealed that AcTS is highly homologous to the trigonelline synthases in Coffea arabica (CaTS 1 and CaTS 2) and all possess a conserved S-adenosyl- L-methionine binding motif. The overexpression of AcTS in Arabidopsis thaliana demonstrated that AcTS is responsible for the generation of trigonelline in transgenic Arabidopsis, which in turn improves the drought resilience of transgenic Arabidopsis. This finding enriches our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of the response of areca to water shortage and provides a foundation for improving the drought tolerance of areca seedlings.
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Hamedalla AM, Ali MM, Ali WM, Ahmed MAA, Kaseb MO, Kalaji HM, Gajc-Wolska J, Yousef AF. Increasing the performance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings by LED illumination. Sci Rep 2022; 12:852. [PMID: 35039577 PMCID: PMC8764046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04859-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the most important limiting factors for photosynthesis and the production of plants, especially in the regions where natural environmental conditions do not provide sufficient sunlight, and there is a great dependence on artificial lighting to grow plants and produce food. The influence of light intensity, quality, and photoperiod on photosynthetic pigments content and some biochemical and growth traits of cucumber seedlings grown under controlled conditions was investigated. An orthogonal design based on a combination of different light irradiances, ratio of LEDs and photoperiods was used. Treaments consisted of three light irradiance regimes (80, 100, and 150 µmol m−2 s−1) provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different ratios of red and blue (R:B) (30:70, 50:50, and 70:30) and three different photoperiods (10/14, 12/12, and 14/10 h). The white light was used as a control/reference. Plant height, hypocotyl length, stem diameter, leaf area, and soluble sugar content were highest when exposed to LM9 (150 µmol m−2 s−1; R70:B30; 12/12 h) light mode, while the lowest values for the above parameters were obtained under LM1 (80 µmol m−2 s−1; R30:B70; 10/14 h). Higher pigments contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid) were obtained when light regime LM9 (150 µmol m−2 s−1; R70:B30; 12/12 h) was applied. In general, cucumber seedlings grown under the LM9 regime showed a significant increase in growth as well as photosynthetic capacity. It seems that the content of photosynthetic pigments is the key factor responsible for the performance of cucumber seedlings grown under different lighting modes, compared to other traits studied. We recommend monitoring the content of chlorophyll a, b, and their ratio value when studying the light requirement of cucumber plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohamed Hamedalla
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Waleed M Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A A Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Omar Kaseb
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12119, Egypt
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Now-oursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP), Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Janina Gajc-Wolska
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
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14
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Kang JH, Yoon HI, Lee JM, Kim JP, Son JE. Electron transport and photosynthetic performance in Fragaria × ananassa Duch. acclimated to the solar spectrum modified by a spectrum conversion film. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 151:31-46. [PMID: 34499317 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Functional films have been used in greenhouses to improve the light environment for plant growth. Among them, a spectrum conversion film converting the green light of incident sunlight into red light has been reported to increase the crop productivity. However, the results are not always consistent, and the reasons for the improvement are not fully understood. The objectives of this study were to reveal the cumulative effects of a green-to-red spectrum conversion film (SCF) on the electron transport and photosynthetic performance of Fragaria × ananassa Duch. The photosynthetic efficiency, leaf optical properties, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, growth, and fruit qualities when the plant was grown under a transparent polyethylene film (PE) and SCF were evaluated. The sunlight modified by SCF did not change the leaf optical properties and chlorophyll content but significantly increased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters related to reduction end electron acceptors at PSI acceptor side and the efficiency of electron transport. Without an increase in nonphotochemical quenching, the effective quantum yields of PSII and PSI of leaves grown under SCF were significantly higher than those parameters when grown under PE. Forty eight days after transplanting, the photosynthetic efficiency and photosynthetic rates of leaves and whole plants increased significantly under SCF compared to PE. The vegetative growth was not affected by SCF, but the fruit weight, sweetness, acidity, and firmness under SCF were significantly improved. These results indicated that sunlight modified by SCF stimulates electron flow and improves photosynthetic capacity and fruit quality of Fragaria × ananassa Duch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hyeun Kang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Yoon
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Moon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Pil Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Increasing the performance of Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seedlings by LED light regimes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20967. [PMID: 34697330 PMCID: PMC8546076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to progress in the industrial development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), much work has been dedicated to understanding the reaction of plants to these light sources in recent years. In this study, the effect of different LED-based light regimes on growth and performance of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seedlings was investigated. Combinations of different light irradiances (50, 100, and 200 µmol m−2 s−1), quality (red, green, and blue light-emitting LEDs), and photoperiods (10 h/14 h, 12 h/12 h and 14 h/10 h light/dark cycles) were used to investigate the photosynthetic pigment contents, antioxidants and growth traits of passion fruit seedlings in comparison to the same treatment white fluorescent light. Light irradiance of 100 µmol m−2 s−1 of a 30% red/70% blue LED light combination and 12 h/12 h light/dark cycles showed the best results for plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, internode distance, and fresh/dry shoot/root weights. 14 h/10 h light/dark cycles with the same LED light combination promoted antioxidant enzyme activities and the accumulation of phenols and flavonoids. In contrast, lower light irradiance (50 µmol m−2 s−1) had negative effects on most of the parameters. We conclude that passion fruit seedlings' optimal performance and biomass production requires long and high light irradiances with a high blue light portion.
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16
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Elmardy NA, Yousef AF, Lin K, Zhang X, Ali MM, Lamlom SF, Kalaji HM, Kowalczyk K, Xu Y. Photosynthetic performance of rocket (Eruca sativa. Mill.) grown under different regimes of light intensity, quality, and photoperiod. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257745. [PMID: 34570827 PMCID: PMC8476030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much effort has been devoted to understanding the response of plants to various light sources, largely due to advances in industry light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this study, the effect of different light modes on rocket (Eruca sativa. Mill.) photosynthetic performance and other physiological traits was evaluated using an orthogonal design based on a combination between light intensity, quality, and photoperiod factors. Some morphological and biochemical parameters and photosynthetic efficiency of the plants were analyzed. Plants grew in a closed chamber where three light intensities (160, 190, and 220 μmol m-2 s-1) provided by LEDs with a combination of different ratios of red, green, and blue (R:G:B- 7:0:3, 3:0:7, and 5:2:3) and three different photoperiods (light/dark -10/14 h, 12/12 h, and 14/10 h) were used and compared with white fluorescent light (control). This experimental setup allowed us to study the effect of 9 light modes (LM) compared to white light. The analyzes performed showed that the highest levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids occurred under LM4, LM3, and LM1, respectively. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurement showed that the best effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry Y(II), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), and electron transport ratio (ETR) were obtained under LM2. The data showed that the application of R7:G0:B3 light mode with a shorter photoperiod than 14/10 h (light/dark), regardless of the light intensity used, resulted in a significant increase in growth as well as higher photosynthetic capacity of rocket plants. Since, a clear correlation between the studied traits under the applied light modes was not found, more features should be studied in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Ali Elmardy
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ahmed F. Yousef
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Kui Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kowalczyk
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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17
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Color-Specific Recovery to Extreme High-Light Stress in Plants. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080812. [PMID: 34440556 PMCID: PMC8398727 DOI: 10.3390/life11080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants pigments, such as chlorophyll and carotenoids, absorb light within specific wavelength ranges, impacting their response to environmental light changes. Although the color-specific response of plants to natural levels of light is well described, extreme high-light stress is still being discussed as a general response, without considering the impact of wavelengths in particular response processes. In this study, we explored how the plant proteome coordinated the response and recovery to extreme light conditions (21,000 µmol m-2 s-1) under different wavelengths. Changes at the protein and mRNA levels were measured, together with the photosynthetic parameters of plants under extreme high-light conditions. The changes in abundance of four proteins involved in photoinhibition, and in the biosynthesis/assembly of PSII (PsbS, PsbH, PsbR, and Psb28) in both light treatments were measured. The blue-light treatment presented a three-fold higher non-photochemical quenching and did not change the level of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) or the photosystem II (PSII) complex components when compared to the control, but significantly increased psbS transcripts. The red-light treatment caused a higher abundance of PSII and OEC proteins but kept the level of psbS transcripts the same as the control. Interestingly, the blue light stimulated a more efficient energy dissipation mechanism when compared to the red light. In addition, extreme high-light stress mechanisms activated by blue light involve the role of OEC through increasing PsbS transcript levels. In the proteomics spatial analysis, we report disparate activation of multiple stress pathways under three differently damaged zones as the enriched function of light stress only found in the medium-damaged zone of the red LED treatment. The results indicate that the impact of extreme high-light stress on the proteomic level is wavelength-dependent.
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18
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Yousef AF, Ali MM, Rizwan HM, Gad AG, Liang D, Binqi L, Kalaji HM, Wróbel J, Xu Y, Chen F. Light quality and quantity affect graft union formation of tomato plants. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9870. [PMID: 33972562 PMCID: PMC8110817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful formation of a graft union. However, the role of light has been little studied. In an anatomical study, Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to explore the effects of different light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on graft union formation in grafted tomato. In addition, the expression genes related to Auxin hormone signaling pathway (SAUR67, AUX1, ARF30, and LAX3) was investigated. The obtained results showed that the concrescence process occurred faster under R7:B3 light conditions, as compared to blue (B) and white fluorescent (WFL) lights. Red light application caused a delay in the vascular tissue differentiation, which may lead to callus development on both sides, causing junctional failure and resulting in ineffective graft junctional arrangement. The expression of genes related to Auxin hormone significantly increased by R7:B3 application. We suggest that LED spectra affects the graft development of tomato plants and can improve the performance of grafted tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ahmed Gomaa Gad
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Dangdi Liang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Li Binqi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 17 Słowackiego Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, 33 Xuefu South Road, Fuzhou, 350118, China.
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Yousef AF, Ali MM, Rizwan HM, Ahmed MAA, Ali WM, Kalaji HM, Elsheery N, Wróbel J, Xu Y, Chen F. Effects of light spectrum on morpho-physiological traits of grafted tomato seedlings. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250210. [PMID: 33961648 PMCID: PMC8104444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful grafting process in plants, including light intensity. However, the influence of the spectrum of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on this process has almost never been tested. During the pre-grafting process tomato seedlings grew for 30 days under 100 μmol m-2 s-1 of mixed LEDs (red 70%+ blue 30%). During the post-grafting period, seedlings grew for 20 days under the same light intensity but the lightening source was either red LED, mixed LEDs (red 70% + blue 30%), blue LED or white fluorescent lamps. This was done to determine which light source(s) could better improve seedling quality and increase grafting success. Our results showed that application of red and blue light mixture (R7:B3) caused significant increase in total leaf area, dry weight (total, shoot and root), total chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio, soluble protein and sugar content. Moreover, this light treatment maintained better photosynthetic performance i.e. more effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry Y(II), better photochemical quenching (qP), and higher electron transport rate (ETR). This can be partially explained by the observed upregulation of gene expression levels of PsaA and PsbA and the parallel protein expression levels. This in turn could lead to better functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus of tomato seedlings and then to faster production of photoassimilate ready to be translocated to various tissues and organs, including those most in need, i.e., involved in the formation of the graft union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F. Yousef
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Muhammad M. Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hafiz M. Rizwan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture—Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Waleed M. Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nabil Elsheery
- Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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