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Sakauchi K, Otaki JM. Imaging Plate Autoradiography for Ingested Anthropogenic Cesium-137 in Butterfly Bodies: Implications for the Biological Impacts of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051211. [PMID: 37240856 DOI: 10.3390/life13051211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fukushima nuclear accident in March 2011 caused biological impacts on the pale grass blue butterfly Zizeeria maha. At least some of the impacts are likely mediated by the host plant, resulting in "field effects". However, to obtain the whole picture of the impacts, direct exposure effects should also be evaluated. Here, we examined the distribution of experimentally ingested anthropogenic cesium-137 (137Cs) in adult butterfly bodies using imaging plate autoradiography. We showed that 137Cs ingested by larvae was incorporated into adult bodies and was biased to females, although the majority of ingested 137Cs was excreted in the pupal cuticle and excretory material during eclosion. 137Cs accumulation in adult bodies was the highest in the abdomen, followed by the thorax and other organs. These results suggest that 137Cs accumulation in reproductive organs may cause adverse transgenerational or maternal effects mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) on germ cells. 137Cs accumulation was detected in field individuals collected in September 2011 and September 2016 but not in May 2011, which is consistent with the abnormality dynamics known from previous studies. Taken together, these results contribute to an integrative understanding of the multifaceted biological effects of the Fukushima nuclear accident in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sakauchi
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
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Wada T, Hinata A, Furuta Y, Sasaki K, Konoplev A, Nanba K. Factors affecting 137Cs radioactivity and water-to-body concentration ratios of fish in river and pond environments near the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 258:107103. [PMID: 36599216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate 137Cs contamination levels and mechanisms of fish inhabiting river and pond environments near the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant, 137Cs activity concentrations in fish (15 species, n = 164) and water collected from Maeda River (3.3-8.9 km from the plant) and Shimofukazawa Pond (2.9 km) in 2017 were analyzed. Also, an 8-week rearing experiment using Japanese dace Pseudaspius hakonensis fed on non-contaminated pellets and the pond water (mean 137Cs concentration of 2.0 Bq/L) was conducted to evaluate 137Cs accumulation from water to fish. The 137Cs concentrations in Japanese dace, the only species collected throughout five sampling sites from estuarine to upstream areas in Maeda River, were found to be correlated with ambient air dose rates and fish size, exhibiting large variations (16.5-2.6×103 Bq/kg-wet). By contrast, dissolved 137Cs in river waters increased from the upper to lower course (0.025-0.28 Bq/L), which caused large variations of the water-to-body concentration ratio (CR) in Japanese dace (60.0-35700 L/kg-wet). These CRs (geometric mean of 3670 L/kg-wet) were much higher than the steady-state CR of reared fish (9.7 L/kg-wet), indicating that river fish uptake 137Cs mainly from prey items from aquatic and riparian zones, rather than from water. Statistically significant negative correlations between K+ concentrations in water and river fish CRs were detected, resulting in the decreasing trend of CRs from upstream to estuarine areas. These results suggest that the large heterogeneity of air dose rates, K+ concentration, and estuarine processes in brackish water habitats, in association with the feeding habit and size effect in fish, can engender wide variation of 137Cs concentrations and CRs of river fish along a river course. In contrast, 137Cs concentrations in pond fish (4.3-14.6 kBq/kg-wet) were higher than in river fish. The CRs of pond fish were constantly high but the range was smaller (1010-3440 L/kg-wet) with larger values in fish of higher trophic levels. These findings suggest that biomagnification within a pond was inferred as the main cause of 137Cs contamination of pond fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Wada
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan.
| | - Akinori Hinata
- Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Yuma Furuta
- Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Fukushima Prefectural Inland Water Fisheries Experiment Station, Inawashiro, Fukushima, 969-3283, Japan
| | - Alexei Konoplev
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Kenji Nanba
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan; Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
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Sakai M, Ishii Y, Tsuji H, Tanaka A, Jo J, Negishi JN, Hayashi S. Contrasting seasonality of 137Cs concentrations in two stream animals that share a trophic niche. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120474. [PMID: 36270568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the seasonality of 137Cs concentrations in aquatic animals is crucial for reviving local inland fisheries. The seasonality of 137Cs concentrations in animals is expected to vary, even if focal species consume similarly contaminated foods because the 137Cs excretion rate is species-specific, and 137Cs uptake by foraging autochthonous food resources also vary among seasons. Here, we conducted a seasonal monitoring survey of dissolved 137Cs concentrations as an indicator of the contamination level of food resources and measured 137Cs concentrations in two carnivorous aquatic animals (Palaemon paucidens and Rhinogobius sp.) that share a trophic niche in a stream connected to a dam reservoir. The dissolved 137Cs concentration had clear seasonality-high in summer and low in winter. The 137Cs concentrations in the animals revealed a different seasonal pattern-it peaked in October in P. paucidens and peaked in February in Rhinogobius. Overall, the 137Cs concentration was relatively higher in P. paucidens than in Rhinogobius, suggesting that P. paucidens has a lower excretion rate than Rhinogobius. Consequently, the seasonality of the 137Cs concentration in P. paucidens showed temporal changes similar to those of the dissolved 137Cs concentration, which were likely affected by 137Cs uptake through foraging, whereas that in Rhinogobius was controlled by 137Cs excretion. This study shows that the seasonality of 137Cs concentration can differ between sympatric animals that share a trophic niche. Accumulating knowledge and comparing the seasonality of 137Cs concentrations in fisheries species based on the balance between uptake and excretion will be valuable to determine the appropriate seasons to obtain less-contaminated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Sakai
- Fukushima Regional Collaborative Research Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura District, Fukushima, Tamura District, 963-7700, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Ishii
- Fukushima Regional Collaborative Research Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura District, Fukushima, Tamura District, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Hideki Tsuji
- Fukushima Regional Collaborative Research Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura District, Fukushima, Tamura District, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Asuka Tanaka
- Fukushima Regional Collaborative Research Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura District, Fukushima, Tamura District, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Jaeick Jo
- Fukushima Regional Collaborative Research Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura District, Fukushima, Tamura District, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Junjiro N Negishi
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Seiji Hayashi
- Fukushima Regional Collaborative Research Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Tamura District, Fukushima, Tamura District, 963-7700, Japan
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