The association between systemic immune-inflammation index and prostate-specific antigen: Results from NHANES 2003-2010

A cross-sectional study examining the relationship between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index and prostate cancer

BACKGROUND

Prostate cancer (PCa), a significant health concern among middle-aged and elderly men globally, has increasingly been associated with metabolic and inflammatory processes. The advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), a novel marker reflecting nutritional and inflammatory status, has not yet been thoroughly investigated in the context of PCa. This study investigated the potential link between ALI and PCa.

METHODS

We first conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The relationship between ALI and PCa was examined by NHANES-provided survey weights. Smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analyses were conducted to evaluate possible nonlinear associations. Then we analyzed the correlation between the prognosis of PCa patients and ALI.

RESULTS

Out of 15,042 adult participants, 683 (4.54%) were diagnosed with PCa. The risk of PCa decreased across increasing quartiles of ALI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to participants in the lowest ALI quartile (Q1: 2.89-41.94), those in higher quartiles (Q2: 41.94-59.08, Q3: 59.08-80.88, and Q4: ≥80.88) had progressively lower odds of developing PCa in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Smoothed curve fitting indicated a U-shaped relationship between ALI and PCa. Longitudinal follow-up data indicated that lower ALI values were positively correlated with a poor survival in cancer patients.

CONCLUSION

Our study revealed a non-linear relationship between ALI and the risk of PCa development. Specifically, there was a negative correlation between ALI and PCa risk when the ALI value was < 100. Furthermore, we found that lower ALI levels are strongly associated with a poor survival in cancer patients. Additional large-scale prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Neutrophil-and-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio is positively associated with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels and high-risk prostate cancer: evidence from the NHANES (2003-2008)

Introduction

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy in men globally. The total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) test is essential for PCa screening. The neutrophil-and-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various diseases, but its relationship with PCa and TPSA is yet to be studied. This research aims to explore the connection between NMLR and TPSA levels, as well as high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa), utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2003 to 2008.

Methods

The study included 4,248 U.S. adult males. NMLR was calculated as the ratio of the combined counts of peripheral neutrophils and monocytes to the counts of peripheral lymphocytes. Weighted multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between NMLR, TPSA levels, and HRPCa.

Results

A significant positive association was found between elevated NMLR levels and increased TPSA (β = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.21-0.49), as well as higher odds of HRPCa (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.55-2.68). Smooth curve fitting results indicate that there is a nonlinear positive correlation between NMLR and TPSA, as well as between NMLR and HRCa.

Conclusion

This study reveals a significant relationship between NMLR, TPSA levels, and HRPCa odds among U.S. males, suggesting that NMLR could be a valuable biomarker for assessing PCa risk, underscoring inflammation's role in prostate health. Further research is encouraged to explore its applications in early detection, treatment efficacy evaluation and risk stratification.