1
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Khan TG, Cunha JB, Raut C, Burroughs M, Goonewardena SN, Smrcka AV, Speliotes EK, Emmer BT. Functional interrogation of cellular Lp(a) uptake by genome-scale CRISPR screening. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.593568. [PMID: 38766193 PMCID: PMC11100788 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.593568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
An elevated level of lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), in the bloodstream has been causally linked to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic valve stenosis. Steady state levels of circulating lipoproteins are modulated by their rate of clearance, but the identity of the Lp(a) uptake receptor(s) has been controversial. In this study, we performed a genome-scale CRISPR screen to functionally interrogate all potential Lp(a) uptake regulators in HuH7 cells. Strikingly, the top positive and negative regulators of Lp(a) uptake in our screen were LDLR and MYLIP, encoding the LDL receptor and its ubiquitin ligase IDOL, respectively. We also found a significant correlation for other genes with established roles in LDLR regulation. No other gene products, including those previously proposed as Lp(a) receptors, exhibited a significant effect on Lp(a) uptake in our screen. We validated the functional influence of LDLR expression on HuH7 Lp(a) uptake, confirmed in vitro binding between the LDLR extracellular domain and purified Lp(a), and detected an association between loss-of-function LDLR variants and increased circulating Lp(a) levels in the UK Biobank cohort. Together, our findings support a central role for the LDL receptor in mediating Lp(a) uptake by hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taslima G. Khan
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Juliana Bragazzi Cunha
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Chinmay Raut
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | | | - Sascha N. Goonewardena
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Alan V. Smrcka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Elizabeth K. Speliotes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Brian T. Emmer
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
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2
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Bragazzi Cunha J, Leix K, Sherman EJ, Mirabelli C, Frum T, Zhang CJ, Kennedy AA, Lauring AS, Tai AW, Sexton JZ, Spence JR, Wobus CE, Emmer BT. Type I interferon signaling induces a delayed antiproliferative response in respiratory epithelial cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Virol 2023; 97:e0127623. [PMID: 37975674 PMCID: PMC10734423 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01276-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Disease progression during SARS-CoV-2 infection is tightly linked to the fate of lung epithelial cells, with severe cases of COVID-19 characterized by direct injury of the alveolar epithelium and an impairment in its regeneration from progenitor cells. The molecular pathways that govern respiratory epithelial cell death and proliferation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, remain unclear. We now report a high-throughput CRISPR screen for host genetic modifiers of the survival and proliferation of SARS-CoV-2-infected Calu-3 respiratory epithelial cells. The top four genes identified in our screen encode components of the same type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling complex—IFNAR1, IFNAR2, JAK1, and TYK2. The fifth gene, ACE2, was an expected control encoding the SARS-CoV-2 viral receptor. Surprisingly, despite the antiviral properties of IFN-I signaling, its disruption in our screen was associated with an increase in Calu-3 cell fitness. We validated this effect and found that IFN-I signaling did not sensitize SARS-CoV-2-infected cultures to cell death but rather inhibited the proliferation of surviving cells after the early peak of viral replication and cytopathic effect. We also found that IFN-I signaling alone, in the absence of viral infection, was sufficient to induce this delayed antiproliferative response in both Calu-3 cells and iPSC-derived type 2 alveolar epithelial cells. Together, these findings highlight a cell autonomous antiproliferative response by respiratory epithelial cells to persistent IFN-I signaling during SARS-CoV-2 infection. This response may contribute to the deficient alveolar regeneration that has been associated with COVID-19 lung injury and represents a promising area for host-targeted therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Bragazzi Cunha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kyle Leix
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily J. Sherman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carmen Mirabelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tristan Frum
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Charles J. Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew A. Kennedy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adam S. Lauring
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew W. Tai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jonathan Z. Sexton
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason R. Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christiane E. Wobus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian T. Emmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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3
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Wang CW, Chuang HC, Tan TH. ACE2 in chronic disease and COVID-19: gene regulation and post-translational modification. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:71. [PMID: 37608279 PMCID: PMC10464117 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a counter regulator of the renin-angiotensin system, provides protection against several chronic diseases. Besides chronic diseases, ACE2 is the host receptor for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 virus, mediating the first step of virus infection. ACE2 levels are regulated by transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulation or modification. ACE2 transcription is enhanced by transcription factors including Ikaros, HNFs, GATA6, STAT3 or SIRT1, whereas ACE2 transcription is reduced by the transcription factor Brg1-FoxM1 complex or ERRα. ACE2 levels are also regulated by histone modification or miRNA-induced destabilization. The protein kinase AMPK, CK1α, or MAP4K3 phosphorylates ACE2 protein and induces ACE2 protein levels by decreasing its ubiquitination. The ubiquitination of ACE2 is induced by the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 or UBR4 and decreased by the deubiquitinase UCHL1 or USP50. ACE2 protein levels are also increased by the E3 ligase PIAS4-mediated SUMOylation or the methyltransferase PRMT5-mediated ACE2 methylation, whereas ACE2 protein levels are decreased by AP2-mediated lysosomal degradation. ACE2 is downregulated in several human chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, or lung injury. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 upregulates ACE2 levels, enhancing host cell susceptibility to virus infection. Moreover, soluble ACE2 protein and exosomal ACE2 protein facilitate SARS-CoV-2 infection into host cells. In this review, we summarize the gene regulation and post-translational modification of ACE2 in chronic disease and COVID-19. Understanding the regulation and modification of ACE2 may help to develop prevention or treatment strategies for ACE2-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Wang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053 Taiwan
| | - Huai-Chia Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053 Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hua Tan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053 Taiwan
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4
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Wei J, Alfajaro MM, Cai WL, Graziano VR, Strine MS, Filler RB, Biering SB, Sarnik SA, Patel S, Menasche BL, Compton SR, Konermann S, Hsu PD, Orchard RC, Yan Q, Wilen CB. The KDM6A-KMT2D-p300 axis regulates susceptibility to diverse coronaviruses by mediating viral receptor expression. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011351. [PMID: 37410700 PMCID: PMC10325096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of host determinants of coronavirus infection informs mechanisms of pathogenesis and may provide novel therapeutic targets. Here, we demonstrate that the histone demethylase KDM6A promotes infection of diverse coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) in a demethylase activity-independent manner. Mechanistic studies reveal that KDM6A promotes viral entry by regulating expression of multiple coronavirus receptors, including ACE2, DPP4 and Ceacam1. Importantly, the TPR domain of KDM6A is required for recruitment of the histone methyltransferase KMT2D and histone deacetylase p300. Together this KDM6A-KMT2D-p300 complex localizes to the proximal and distal enhancers of ACE2 and regulates receptor expression. Notably, small molecule inhibition of p300 catalytic activity abrogates ACE2 and DPP4 expression and confers resistance to all major SARS-CoV-2 variants and MERS-CoV in primary human airway and intestinal epithelial cells. These data highlight the role for KDM6A-KMT2D-p300 complex activities in conferring diverse coronaviruses susceptibility and reveal a potential pan-coronavirus therapeutic target to combat current and emerging coronaviruses. One Sentence Summary: The KDM6A/KMT2D/EP300 axis promotes expression of multiple viral receptors and represents a potential drug target for diverse coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Mia Madel Alfajaro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Wesley L. Cai
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vincent R. Graziano
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Madison S. Strine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Renata B. Filler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Scott B. Biering
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Sylvia A. Sarnik
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sonam Patel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Bridget L. Menasche
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Susan R. Compton
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Silvana Konermann
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick D. Hsu
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Orchard
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Craig B. Wilen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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5
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Strine MS, Cai WL, Wei J, Alfajaro MM, Filler RB, Biering SB, Sarnik S, Chow RD, Patil A, Cervantes KS, Collings CK, DeWeirdt PC, Hanna RE, Schofield K, Hulme C, Konermann S, Doench JG, Hsu PD, Kadoch C, Yan Q, Wilen CB. DYRK1A promotes viral entry of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses in a kinase-independent manner. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002097. [PMID: 37310920 PMCID: PMC10263356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying host genes essential for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has the potential to reveal novel drug targets and further our understanding of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We previously performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify proviral host factors for highly pathogenic human coronaviruses. Few host factors were required by diverse coronaviruses across multiple cell types, but DYRK1A was one such exception. Although its role in coronavirus infection was previously undescribed, DYRK1A encodes Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A and is known to regulate cell proliferation and neuronal development. Here, we demonstrate that DYRK1A regulates ACE2 and DPP4 transcription independent of its catalytic kinase function to support SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) entry. We show that DYRK1A promotes DNA accessibility at the ACE2 promoter and a putative distal enhancer, facilitating transcription and gene expression. Finally, we validate that the proviral activity of DYRK1A is conserved across species using cells of nonhuman primate and human origin. In summary, we report that DYRK1A is a novel regulator of ACE2 and DPP4 expression that may dictate susceptibility to multiple highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison S. Strine
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Wesley L. Cai
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mia Madel Alfajaro
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Renata B. Filler
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Scott B. Biering
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Sylvia Sarnik
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ryan D. Chow
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ajinkya Patil
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kasey S. Cervantes
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Clayton K. Collings
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter C. DeWeirdt
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ruth E. Hanna
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kevin Schofield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Christopher Hulme
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Silvana Konermann
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - John G. Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patrick D. Hsu
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Cigall Kadoch
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Craig B. Wilen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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6
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Cunha JB, Leix K, Sherman EJ, Mirabelli C, Kennedy AA, Lauring AS, Tai AW, Wobus CE, Emmer BT. Type I interferon signaling induces a delayed antiproliferative response in Calu-3 cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.28.530557. [PMID: 36909579 PMCID: PMC10002732 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.28.530557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Disease progression during SARS-CoV-2 infection is tightly linked to the fate of lung epithelial cells, with severe cases of COVID-19 characterized by direct injury of the alveolar epithelium and an impairment in its regeneration from progenitor cells. The molecular pathways that govern respiratory epithelial cell death and proliferation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, remain poorly understood. We now report a high-throughput CRISPR screen for host genetic modifiers of the survival and proliferation of SARS-CoV-2-infected Calu-3 respiratory epithelial cells. The top 4 genes identified in our screen encode components of the same type I interferon signaling complex - IFNAR1, IFNAR2, JAK1, and TYK2. The 5th gene, ACE2, was an expected control encoding the SARS-CoV-2 viral receptor. Surprisingly, despite the antiviral properties of IFN-I signaling, its disruption in our screen was associated with an increase in Calu-3 cell fitness. We validated this effect and found that IFN-I signaling did not sensitize SARS-CoV-2-infected cultures to cell death but rather inhibited the proliferation of surviving cells after the early peak of viral replication and cytopathic effect. We also found that IFN-I signaling alone, in the absence of viral infection, was sufficient to induce this delayed antiproliferative response. Together, these findings highlight a cell autonomous antiproliferative response by respiratory epithelial cells to persistent IFN-I signaling during SARS-CoV-2 infection. This response may contribute to the deficient alveolar regeneration that has been associated with COVID-19 lung injury and represents a promising area for host-targeted therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle Leix
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Emily J. Sherman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Carmen Mirabelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Andrew A. Kennedy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Adam S. Lauring
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Andrew W. Tai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Christiane E. Wobus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
| | - Brian T. Emmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor MI
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7
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Expression and Function of BMP and Activin Membrane-Bound Inhibitor (BAMBI) in Chronic Liver Diseases and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043473. [PMID: 36834884 PMCID: PMC9964332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BAMBI (bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor) is a transmembrane pseudoreceptor structurally related to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β type 1 receptors (TGF-β1Rs). BAMBI lacks a kinase domain and functions as a TGF-β1R antagonist. Essential processes such as cell differentiation and proliferation are regulated by TGF-β1R signaling. TGF-β is the best-studied ligand of TGF-βRs and has an eminent role in inflammation and fibrogenesis. Liver fibrosis is the end stage of almost all chronic liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and at the moment, there is no effective anti-fibrotic therapy available. Hepatic BAMBI is downregulated in rodent models of liver injury and in the fibrotic liver of patients, suggesting that low BAMBI has a role in liver fibrosis. Experimental evidence convincingly demonstrated that BAMBI overexpression is able to protect against liver fibrosis. Chronic liver diseases have a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and BAMBI was shown to exert tumor-promoting as well as tumor-protective functions. This review article aims to summarize relevant studies on hepatic BAMBI expression and its role in chronic liver diseases and HCC.
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8
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Zhu X, Trimarco JD, Williams CA, Barrera A, Reddy TE, Heaton NS. ZBTB7A promotes virus-host homeostasis during human coronavirus 229E infection. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111540. [PMID: 36243002 PMCID: PMC9533670 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular fate after infection with human coronaviruses (HCoVs) is typically death. Previous data suggest, however, that the transcriptional state of an individual cell may sometimes allow additional outcomes of infection. Here, to probe the range of interactions a permissive cell type can have with a HCoV, we perform a CRISPR activation screen with HCoV-229E. The screen identified the transcription factor ZBTB7A, which strongly promotes cell survival after infection. Rather than suppressing viral infection, ZBTB7A upregulation allows the virus to induce a persistent infection and homeostatic state with the cell. We also find that control of oxidative stress is a primary driver of cellular survival during HCoV-229E infection. These data illustrate that, in addition to the nature of the infecting virus and the type of cell that it encounters, the cellular gene expression profile prior to infection can affect the eventual fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joseph D. Trimarco
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Courtney A. Williams
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alejandro Barrera
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Timothy E. Reddy
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas S. Heaton
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,Corresponding author
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