|
1
|
Qi K, Chen J, Ma X, Li D, Baele G, Li X, Qin Y, Ji X, Zhu M, Li XX, Guo D, Merits A, Veit M, Zhai X, Tian J, Wang N, Jiao H. Novel coronaviruses identified in livestock: The urgent need to enhance coronavirus surveillance to mitigate zoonotic risks. J Infect 2025; 91:106512. [PMID: 40383396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2025] [Revised: 05/10/2025] [Accepted: 05/13/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Qi
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xing Ma
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongyan Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guy Baele
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Xinxin Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Qin
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Mathematics, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dawei Guo
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Andres Merits
- Institute of Bioengineering, University of Tartu, Nooruse Street 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael Veit
- Institute for Virology, Center for Infection Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaofeng Zhai
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin Tian
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China.
| | - Ningning Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Houqi Jiao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Li X, Cai X, He Y, Li W, Zhai J, Luo R, Suolang S, Mao L, Li B. Genomic Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Novel Reassortant Mammalian Orthoreoviruses From Sheep, China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2025; 2025:6025244. [PMID: 40406227 PMCID: PMC12097874 DOI: 10.1155/tbed/6025244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025]
Abstract
Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have a wide geographic distribution worldwide and have been detected from humans and a variety of animal species. This study represents the first isolation of MRV from sheep rectal swabs in China, with analyses of its molecular and pathogenicity characteristics. MRV-positive samples were inoculated into Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells, resulting in stable cytopathic effects (CPEs) after three generations of blind passage. Two isolates were isolated and confirmed as MRV, named MRV-XJ23 and MRV-sheep/SY13, through reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), transmission electron microscopy, and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The viruses exhibited broad cellular tropism. Whole-genome sequences were obtained and subjected to homology and evolutionary analyses, revealing that MRV-XJ23 and MRV-sheep/SY13 belong to the MRV-1 serotype. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that MRV-XJ23 is a reassortant virus containing gene segments from three MRVs that infected humans, bovines, and bats, with nucleotide homology exceeding 94.56%. The gene segments of MRV-sheep/SY13 were derived from five strains-Osaka2005, BatMRV-2/SNU1/Korea/2021, T1/human/Netherlands/1/84, IND/MZ/3013814/reo, and B/03-with nucleotide homology exceeding 95.47%. Animal experiments demonstrated that MRV-sheep/SY13 infection induced significant pathological changes in the respiratory and digestive tracts of mice. In sheep, MRV-sheep/SY13 caused respiratory infections, but no obvious lesion was observed from the digestive tract. This study expands our understanding of the MRV host range, reveals the potential public health risk of MRV transmission across species and zoonotic transmission, and underscores the necessity of further studies on epidemiology, reassortment patterns, and pathogenicity of MRV in sheep and domestic animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
- National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuhang Cai
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
- National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi He
- Agriculture Development Service Center, People's Government of Chengguan Town, Fukang, China
| | - Wenliang Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
- National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junjun Zhai
- Shaanxi Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat, Yulin University, Yulin, China
| | - Runbo Luo
- Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, China
| | - Sizhu Suolang
- Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, China
| | - Li Mao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
- National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
- National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|