1
|
Keup C, Kimmig R, Kasimir-Bauer S. The Diversity of Liquid Biopsies and Their Potential in Breast Cancer Management. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5463. [PMID: 38001722 PMCID: PMC10670968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyzing blood as a so-called liquid biopsy in breast cancer (BC) patients has the potential to adapt therapy management. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and other blood components mirror the tumoral heterogeneity and could support a range of clinical decisions. Multi-cancer early detection tests utilizing blood are advancing but are not part of any clinical routine yet. Liquid biopsy analysis in the course of neoadjuvant therapy has potential for therapy (de)escalation.Minimal residual disease detection via serial cfDNA analysis is currently on its way. The prognostic value of blood analytes in early and metastatic BC is undisputable, but the value of these prognostic biomarkers for clinical management is controversial. An interventional trial confirmed a significant outcome benefit when therapy was changed in case of newly emerging cfDNA mutations under treatment and thus showed the clinical utility of cfDNA analysis for therapy monitoring. The analysis of PIK3CA or ESR1 variants in plasma of metastatic BC patients to prescribe targeted therapy with alpesilib or elacestrant has already arrived in clinical practice with FDA-approved tests available and is recommended by ASCO. The translation of more liquid biopsy applications into clinical practice is still pending due to a lack of knowledge of the analytes' biology, lack of standards and difficulties in proving clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Keup
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lohajová Behulová R, Bugalová A, Bugala J, Struhárňanská E, Šafranek M, Juráš I. Circulating exosomal miRNAs as a promising diagnostic biomarker in cancer. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S193-S207. [PMID: 37888964 PMCID: PMC10669947 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer belongs to multifactorial diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells. Breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer are the most frequently diagnosed malignancies with a high mortality rate. These carcinomas typically contain multiple genetically distinct subpopulations of tumor cells leading to tumor heterogeneity, which promotes the aggressiveness of the disease. Early diagnosis is necessary to increase patient progression-free survival. Particularly, miRNAs present in exosomes derived from tumors represent potential biomarkers suitable for early cancer diagnosis. Identification of miRNAs by liquid biopsy enables a personalized approach with the subsequent better clinical management of patients. This review article highlights the potential of circulating exosomal miRNAs in early breast, non-small cell lung, and colorectal cancer diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Lohajová Behulová
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Elizabeth's Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei Y, Yang W, Huang Q, Chen Y, Zeng K, Chen J, Chen J. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cell (CTC)-specific microRNA (miRNA) in breast cancer. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:229-234. [PMID: 36574883 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As a noninvasive method, circulating tumor cell (CTC) provides ideal liquid biopsy specimens for early cancer screening and diagnosis. CTCs detection in breast cancer is correlated with patient prognosis such as disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Besides, accumulating evidence supported that CTCs count may be indicator for chemotherapy response as well. The functional roles of microRNA (miRNA) in breast cancer have been well-recognized for the last few years. Due to its stability in circulation, numerous studies have proven that circulating miRNA may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. The potential ability of miRNAs in disease screening, staging or even molecular subtype classification makes them valuable tools for early breast cancer patients. It would be of great significance to characterize the miRNA expression profile in CTCs, which could provide reliable biological information originated from tumor. However, some issues need to be addressed before the utility of CTC-specific miRNAs in clinical setting. Taken together, we believe that CTC-specific miRNA detection will be trend for early breast cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment monitor in near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Wei
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Weiqin Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qingnan Huang
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kai Zeng
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Medicine & Rehabilitation, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fridrichova I, Kalinkova L, Ciernikova S. Clinical Relevancy of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer: Epithelial or Mesenchymal Characteristics, Single Cells or Clusters? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12141. [PMID: 36292996 PMCID: PMC9603393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is typically an incurable disease with high mortality rates; thus, early identification of metastatic features and disease recurrence through precise biomarkers is crucial. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) consisting of heterogeneous subpopulations with different morphology and genetic, epigenetic, and gene expression profiles represent promising candidate biomarkers for metastatic potential. The experimentally verified role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer dissemination has not been clearly described in BC patients, but the stemness features of CTCs strongly contributes to metastatic potency. Single CTCs have been shown to be protected in the bloodstream against recognition by the immune system through impaired interactions with T lymphocytes and NK cells, while associations of heterotypic CTC clusters with platelets, leucocytes, neutrophils, tumor-associated macrophages, and fibroblasts improve their tumorigenic behavior. In addition to single CTC and CTC cluster characteristics, we reviewed CTC evaluation methods and clinical studies in early and metastatic BCs. The variable CTC tests were developed based on specific principles and strategies. However, CTC count and the presence of CTC clusters were shown to be most clinically relevant in existing clinical trials. Despite the known progress in CTC research and sampling of BC patients, implementation of CTCs and CTC clusters in routine diagnostic and treatment strategies still requires improvement in detection sensitivity and precise molecular characterizations, focused predominantly on the role of CTC clusters for their higher metastatic potency.
Collapse
|
5
|
Klicka K, Grzywa TM, Mielniczuk A, Klinke A, Włodarski PK. The role of miR-200 family in the regulation of hallmarks of cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:965231. [PMID: 36158660 PMCID: PMC9492973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.965231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally contributing to the development of different diseases including cancer. The miR-200 family consists of five members, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, and miR-429. Their expression is dysregulated in cancer tissue and their level is altered in the body fluids of cancer patients. Moreover, the levels of miR-200 family members correlate with clinical parameters such as cancer patients' survival which makes them potentially useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. MiRNAs can act as either oncomiRs or tumor suppressor miRNAs depending on the target genes and their role in the regulation of key oncogenic signaling pathways. In most types of cancer, the miR-200 family acts as tumor suppressor miRNA and regulates all features of cancer. In this review, we summarized the expression pattern of the miR-200 family in different types of cancer and their potential utility as biomarkers. Moreover, we comprehensively described the role of miR-200 family members in the regulation of all hallmarks of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg with the focus on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasiveness, and metastasis of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Klicka
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz M. Grzywa
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Alicja Klinke
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Circulating miR-200 Family and CTCs in Metastatic Breast Cancer before, during, and after a New Line of Systemic Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179535. [PMID: 36076930 PMCID: PMC9455626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular circulating microRNA (miR)-200 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and, thus, plays an essential role in the metastatic cascade and has shown itself to be a promising prognostic and predictive biomarker in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Expression levels of the plasma miR-200 family were analyzed in relationship to systemic treatment, circulating tumor cells (CTC) count, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Expression of miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, and miR-429, and CTC status (CTC-positive ≥ 5 CTC/7.5 mL) was assessed in 47 patients at baseline (BL), after the first completed cycle of a new line of systemic therapy (1C), and upon the progression of disease (PD). MiR-200a, miR-200b, and miR-141 expression was reduced at 1C compared to BL. Upon PD, all miR-200s were upregulated compared to 1C. At all timepoints, the levels of miR-200s were elevated in CTC-positive versus CTC-negative patients. Further, heightened miR-200s expression and positive CTC status were associated with poorer OS at BL and 1C. In MBC patients, circulating miR-200 family members decreased after one cycle of a new line of systemic therapy, were elevated during PD, and were indicative of CTC status. Notably, increased levels of miR-200s and elevated CTC count correlated with poorer OS and PFS. As such, both are promising biomarkers for optimizing the clinical management of MBC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Circulating miR-200 family as predictive markers during systemic therapy of metastatic breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 306:875-885. [PMID: 35237856 PMCID: PMC9411224 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Circulating miRNAs can provide valid prognostic and predictive information for breast cancer diagnosis and subsequent management. They may comprise quintessential biomarkers that can be obtained minimally invasively from liquid biopsy in metastatic breast cancer patients. Therefore, they would be clinically crucial for monitoring therapy response, with the goal of detecting early relapse. This study investigated miRNA expression in patients with early and/or late relapse, and the predictive value for assessing overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Methods Forty-seven patients with metastatic breast cancer from the University Women’s Hospital Heidelberg were enrolled in this study. Expression of miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, and miR-429 was analyzed by RT-qPCR before a new line of systemic therapy and after the first cycle of a respective therapy. Tumor response was assessed every 3 months using the RECIST criteria. Statistical analysis focused on the relation of miR-200s expression and early vs. late cancer relapse in relation to systemic treatment. The association of miRNAs with PFS and OS was investigated. Results Before starting a new line of systemic therapy, miR-429 (p = 0.024) expression was significantly higher in patients with early relapse (PFS ≤ 4 months) than in patients with late relapse (PFS > 4 months). After one cycle of systemic therapy, miR-200a (p = 0.039), miR-200b (p = 0.003), miR-141 (p = 0.017), and miR-429 (p = 0.010) expression was higher in early than in late progressive cancer. In addition, 4 out of 5 miR-200 family members (miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-141, and miR-429) predicted PFS (p = 0.048, p = 0.008, p = 0.026, and p = 0.016, respectively). Patients with heightened miRNA levels showed a significant reduction in OS and PFS. Conclusion Circulating miR-200s were differentially expressed among patients with late and/or early relapse. 4 of 5 members of the miR-200 family predicted significantly early relapse after systemic treatment. Our results encourage the use of circulating miR-200s as valuable prognostic biomarkers during metastatic breast cancer therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00404-022-06442-2.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cavallari I, Ciccarese F, Sharova E, Urso L, Raimondi V, Silic-Benussi M, D’Agostino DM, Ciminale V. The miR-200 Family of microRNAs: Fine Tuners of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Circulating Cancer Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5874. [PMID: 34884985 PMCID: PMC8656820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs (miRNAs) includes miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141 and miR-429, five evolutionarily conserved miRNAs that are encoded in two clusters of hairpin precursors located on human chromosome 1 (miR-200b, miR-200a and miR-429) and chromosome 12 (miR-200c and miR-141). The mature -3p products of the precursors are abundantly expressed in epithelial cells, where they contribute to maintaining the epithelial phenotype by repressing expression of factors that favor the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key hallmark of oncogenic transformation. Extensive studies of the expression and interactions of these miRNAs with cell signaling pathways indicate that they can exert both tumor suppressor- and pro-metastatic functions, and may serve as biomarkers of epithelial cancers. This review provides a summary of the role of miR-200 family members in EMT, factors that regulate their expression, and important targets for miR-200-mediated repression that are involved in EMT. The second part of the review discusses the potential utility of circulating miR-200 family members as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, prostate and bladder cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallari
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Evgeniya Sharova
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Loredana Urso
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Vittoria Raimondi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Micol Silic-Benussi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Donna M. D’Agostino
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duque G, Manterola C, Otzen T, Arias C, Galindo B, Mora M, Guerrero E, García N. Clinical utility of liquid biopsy in breast cancer: A systematic review. Clin Genet 2021; 101:285-295. [PMID: 34687555 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in genetic sequencing techniques along with the identification of specific mutations and structural changes in multiple cancer genes, make it possible to identify circulating tumor cells and cell free nucleic acids as blood-based biomarkers, serving as a liquid biopsy (LB) with great utility for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with neoplasms. This systematic review focuses on the clinical utility of LB in patients with breast cancer (BC). Articles published between 1990 and 2021 were included. Databases searched: Trip Database, WoS, EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Clinical Keys. Variables studied: Publication year, country, number of cases, primary study design, LB detection methods, genes found, overall survival, disease-free survival, stage, response to treatment, clinical utility, BC molecular type, systemic treatment and methodological quality of primary studies. Of 2619 articles, 74 were retained representing 12 658 patients, mainly cohort studies (66.2%), the majority were from China (15%) and Japan (12.2%). All primary studies described clinical stage and type of systemic treatment used. Most used biomarker detection method: DNA (52.7%) and type of analysis: quantification of total cfDNA (35.1%). PIK3CA mutation was most frequent (62.9%). Evidence suggests clinically useful applications of BC. Though heterogeneous, publications suggest that LB will constitute part of the standard diagnostic-therapeutic process of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galo Duque
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Manterola
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Tamara Otzen
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies (CEMyQ), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Cristina Arias
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Bryan Galindo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Miriann Mora
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Enmanuel Guerrero
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Solca Cancer Institute, Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Nayeli García
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu T, Wang C, Xie M, Zhu C, Shu Y, Tang J, Guan X. Heterogeneity of CTC contributes to the organotropism of breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111314. [PMID: 33581649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are viewed as pro-metastasis precursors shed from primary tumors or metastatic sites. The phenotypic and molecular heterogeneity of CTCs is associated with breast cancer progression and prognosis. Therefore, we divided CTCs into several subtypes according to their differences in biomarker status, epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype, aggregation status, and other factors to summarize their characteristics. Considering that the organ-specific metastasis is a hallmark of breast cancer, we adopted the "seed and soil" model to further analyze the relationship between the heterogeneity of CTCs and the organotropism of breast cancer. We speculated that CTCs might not only develop their genetic potential but communicate with surroundings, including chemokine systems, hemocytes, and extracellular matrix components, to regulate the organ-specific metastases of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cenzhu Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyan Xie
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Adam-Artigues A, Garrido-Cano I, Simón S, Ortega B, Moragón S, Lameirinhas A, Constâncio V, Salta S, Burgués O, Bermejo B, Henrique R, Lluch A, Jerónimo C, Eroles P, Cejalvo JM. Circulating miR-30b-5p levels in plasma as a novel potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100039. [PMID: 33477007 PMCID: PMC7820029 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, microRNAs have been demonstrated to be potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis assessment or prediction of response to treatment in cancer. In this study, we evaluate the potential of miR-30b-5p as a biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) in tissue and plasma. METHODS Expression of miR-30b-5p was determined in a series of 112 BC and 40 normal breast tissues. Circulating miR-30b-5p levels in plasma samples were determined in a discovery cohort of 38 BC patients and 40 healthy donors and in a validation cohort of 83 BC patients and 83 healthy volunteers. miR-30b-5p expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was carried out. RESULTS The miR-30b-5p expression was significantly lower in BC tissue than in healthy breast samples. In contrast, circulating miR-30b-5p levels were significantly higher in BC patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, circulating miR-30b-5p levels were significantly higher in patients with positive axillary lymph node and de novo metastatic patients. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated a good diagnostic potential of miR-30b-5p to detect BC even at an early stage of the disease. CONCLUSION Thus, we highlight the potential of miR-30b-5p as a non-invasive, fast, reproducible and cost-effective diagnostic biomarker of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S Simón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - B Ortega
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Moragón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Lameirinhas
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Constâncio
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - S Salta
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - O Burgués
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bermejo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - A Lluch
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - P Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, València, Spain.
| | - J M Cejalvo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
miR-210 and miR-152 as Biomarkers by Liquid Biopsy in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11010031. [PMID: 33419057 PMCID: PMC7825421 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting circulating microRNAs (miRNAs; miRs) by means of liquid biopsy is an important tool for the early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to identify and validate miR-210 and miR-152 as non-invasive circulating biomarkers, for the diagnosis and staging of BC patients, confirming their involvement in tumor angiogenesis. Methods: RT-qPCR was performed and MiRNA expression analysis was obtained from plasma and fragments of BC and benign breast condition (BBC) women patients, plus healthy subjects. Additionally, the immunohistochemistry technique was carried out to analyze the expression of target proteins. Results: Tumor fragments showed increased expression of oncomiR-210 and decreased expression of miR-152 tumoral suppressor. Both miRNAs were increased in plasma samples from BC patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that only the expression of oncomiR-210 in tissue samples and only the expression of the miR-152 suppressor in plasma have the appropriate sensitivity and specificity for use as differential biomarkers between early/intermediate and advanced stages of BC patients. In addition, there was an increase in the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in BC patients. On the contrary, a decrease in Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) protein expression was observed. Conclusions: This study showed that increased levels of miR-210 and decreased levels of miR152, in addition to the expressions of their target proteins, could indicate, respectively, the oncogenic and tumor suppressive role of these miRNAs in fragments. Both miRNAs are potential diagnostic biomarkers for BC by liquid biopsy. In addition, miR-152 proved to be a promising biomarker for disease staging.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ashirbekov Y, Abaildayev A, Omarbayeva N, Botbayev D, Belkozhayev A, Askandirova A, Neupokoyeva A, Utegenova G, Sharipov K, Aitkhozhina N. Combination of circulating miR-145-5p/miR-191-5p as biomarker for breast cancer detection. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10494. [PMID: 33362968 PMCID: PMC7749656 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. At present, there is a need to search for new, accurate, reliable, minimally invasive and cheap biomarkers in addition to existing methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of BC. The main goal of this study was to test the diagnostic value of six circulating miRNAs in Kazakh women. Materials and methods TaqMan-based miRNA profiling was conducted using plasma specimens from 35 BC women patients and 33 healthy women samples (control group). Results The level of all seven miRNAs (including endogenous control) normalized by synthetic cel-miR-39 were significantly elevated in the group of BC patients. Normalization using miR-222-3p as endogenous control reduced differences in level of miRNAs between groups; as a result, only three miRNAs were significantly upregulated in the group of BC patients—miR-145-5p (P = 6.5e−12), miR-191-5p (P = 3.7e−10) and miR-21-5p (P = 0.0034). Moreover, ROC analysis showed that the use of miR-145-5p and miR-191-5p, both individually (AUC = 0.931 and 0.904, respectively) or in combination (AUC = 0.984), allows to accurately differentiate BC patients from healthy individuals. Conclusions Two plasma miRNAs—miR-145-5p and miR-191-5p—are potential biomarkers for diagnosis of BC in the Kazakh population. The findings need to be further substantiated using a more representative sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeldar Ashirbekov
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Arman Abaildayev
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul Omarbayeva
- Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dauren Botbayev
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ayaz Belkozhayev
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anel Askandirova
- Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Alena Neupokoyeva
- Almaty Branch of National Center for Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Kamalidin Sharipov
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nagima Aitkhozhina
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hirschfeld M, Ge I, Rücker G, Waldschmidt J, Mayer S, Jäger M, Voigt M, Kammerer B, Nöthling C, Berner K, Weiss D, Asberger J, Erbes T. Mutually distinguishing microRNA signatures of breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4048-4060. [PMID: 33000259 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and therapy in the first stages of a malignant disease is the most crucial factor for successful cancer treatment and recovery. Currently, there is a high demand for novel diagnostic tools that indicate neoplasms in the first or pre‑malignant stages. MicroRNAs (miRNA or miR) are small non‑coding RNAs that may act as oncogenes and downregulate tumor‑suppressor genes. The detection and mutual discrimination of the three common female malignant neoplasia types breast (BC), ovarian (OC) and endometrial cancer (EC) could be enabled by identification of tumor entity‑specific miRNA expression differences. In the present study, the relative expression levels of 25 BC, EC and OC‑related miRNAs were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and determined using the 2‑ΔΔCq method for normalization against the mean of four housekeeping genes. Expression levels of all miRNAs were analyzed by regression against cell line as a factor. An expression level‑based discrimination between BC and OC cell types was obtained for a subgroup of ten different miRNA types. miR‑30 family genes, as well as three other miRNAs, were found to be uniformly upregulated in OC cells compared with BC cells. BC and EC cells could be distinguished by the expression profiles of six specific miRNAs. In addition, four miRNAs were differentially expressed between EC and OC cells. In conclusion, miRNAs were identified as a potential novel tool to detect and mutually discriminate between BC, OC and EC. Based on a subset of 25 clinically relevant human miRNA types, the present study could significantly discriminate between these three female cancer types by means of their expression levels. For further verification and validation of miRNA‑based biomarker expression signatures that enable valuable tumor detection and characterization in routine screening or potential therapy monitoring, additional and extended in vitro analyses, followed by translational studies utilizing patients' tissue and liquid biopsy materials, are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hirschfeld
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Ge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerta Rücker
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Waldschmidt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mayer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Jäger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Voigt
- Praxis of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery and Evangelian Deaconry Hospital, D‑79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, University of Freiburg, D‑79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Nöthling
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai Berner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weiss
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Asberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thalia Erbes
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, D‑79106 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kyriazi AA, Papiris E, Kitsos Kalyvianakis K, Sakellaris G, Baritaki S. Dual Effects of Non-Coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in Cancer Stem Cell Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186658. [PMID: 32932969 PMCID: PMC7556003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as initiators of carcinogenesis has revolutionized the era of cancer research and our perception for the disease treatment options. Additional CSC features, including self-renewal and migratory and invasive capabilities, have further justified these cells as putative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Given the CSC plasticity, the identification of CSC-related biomarkers has been a serious burden in CSC characterization and therapeutic targeting. Over the past decades, a compelling amount of evidence has demonstrated critical regulatory functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) on the exclusive features of CSCs. We now know that ncRNAs may interfere with signaling pathways, vital for CSC phenotype maintenance, such as Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog. Here, we discuss the multifaceted contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as representative ncRNA classes, in sustaining the CSC-like traits, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of their action in various CSC types. We further discuss the use of CSC-related ncRNAs as putative biomarkers of high diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athina A. Kyriazi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Efstathios Papiris
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Kitsos Kalyvianakis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - George Sakellaris
- Surgery Unit, University General Hospital, 71500 Heraklion (PAGNH), Greece;
| | - Stavroula Baritaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810394727
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mentis AFA, Grivas PD, Dardiotis E, Romas NA, Papavassiliou AG. Circulating tumor cells as Trojan Horse for understanding, preventing, and treating cancer: a critical appraisal. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3671-3690. [PMID: 32333084 PMCID: PMC11104835 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03529-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are regarded as harbingers of metastases. Their ability to predict response to therapy, relapse, and resistance to treatment has proposed their value as putative diagnostic and prognostic indicators. CTCs represent one of the zeniths of cancer evolution in terms of cell survival; however, the triggers of CTC generation, the identification of potentially metastatic CTCs, and the mechanisms contributing to their heterogeneity and aggressiveness represent issues not yet fully deciphered. Thus, prior to enabling liquid biopsy applications to reach clinical prime time, understanding how the above mechanistic information can be applied to improve treatment decisions is a key challenge. Here, we provide our perspective on how CTCs can provide mechanistic insights into tumor pathogenesis, as well as on CTC clinical value. In doing so, we aim to (a) describe how CTCs disseminate from the primary tumor, and their link to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); (b) trace the route of CTCs through the circulation, focusing on tumor self-seeding and the possibility of tertiary metastasis; (c) describe possible mechanisms underlying the enhanced metastatic potential of CTCs; (d) discuss how CTC could provide further information on the tissue of origin, especially in cancer of unknown primary origin. We also provide a comprehensive review of meta-analyses assessing the prognostic significance of CTCs, to highlight the emerging role of CTCs in clinical oncology. We also explore how cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, using a combination of genomic and phylogenetic analysis, can offer insights into CTC biology, including our understanding of CTC heterogeneity and tumor evolution. Last, we discuss emerging technologies, such as high-throughput quantitative imaging, radiogenomics, machine learning approaches, and the emerging breath biopsy. These technologies could compliment CTC and ctDNA analyses, and they collectively represent major future steps in cancer detection, monitoring, and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexios-Fotios A Mentis
- Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Petros D Grivas
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas A Romas
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street-Bldg. 16, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li F, Bai M, Xu J, Zhu L, Liu C, Duan R. Long-Term Exercise Alters the Profiles of Circulating Micro-RNAs in the Plasma of Young Women. Front Physiol 2020; 11:372. [PMID: 32477155 PMCID: PMC7233279 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this paper was to study the effects of long-term exercise on circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in human plasma. Methods: Whole blood was collected from 10 female elite athletes with at least 5 years of training experience in a Synchronized Swimming Group (S group) and 15 female college students without regular exercise training (C group). Plasma miRNAs were then isolated, sequenced, and semi-quantified by the second-generation sequencing technology, and the results were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. Results: We found 380 differentially expressed miRNAs in the S group compared with the C group, among which 238 miRNAs were upregulated and 142 were downregulated. The top five abundant miRNAs in the 380 miRNAs of the S group are hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-486, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-423-5p, and hsa-let-7b-5p. Muscle-specific/enriched miRNAs were not significantly different, except for miR-206 and miR-486. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, a large proportion of the differentially expressed miRNAs are targeted in cancer-related pathways, including proteoglycans in cancer and miRNAs in cancer and basal cell carcinoma. As the levels of circulating miRNAs (ci-miRNAs) are commonly known to be significantly deregulated in cancer patients, we further compared the levels of some well-studied miRNAs in different types of cancer patients with those in the S group and found that long-term exercise regulates the level of ci-miRNAs in an opposite direction to those in cancer patients. Conclusion: Long-term exercise significantly alters the profiles of plasma miRNAs in healthy young women. It may reduce the risk of certain types of cancers by regulating plasma miRNA levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muwei Bai
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Physical Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfang Xu
- China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bao-Caamano A, Rodriguez-Casanova A, Diaz-Lagares A. Epigenetics of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1220:117-134. [PMID: 32304083 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35805-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy based on the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has emerged as an important field of research. Molecular characterization of CTCs can provide insights into cancer biology and biomarkers for the clinic, representing a non-invasive powerful tool for monitoring breast cancer metastasis and predict the therapeutic response. Epigenetic mechanisms play a key role in the control of gene expression and their alteration contributes to cancer development and progression. These epigenetic modifications in CTCs have been described mainly related to modifications of the DNA methylation pattern and changes in the expression profile of noncoding RNAs. Here we summarize the recent findings on the epigenetic characterization of CTCs in breast cancer and their clinical value as tumor biomarkers, and discuss challenges and opportunities in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Bao-Caamano
- Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aitor Rodriguez-Casanova
- Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Diaz-Lagares
- Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cut-Off Analysis of CTC Change under Systemic Therapy for Defining Early Therapy Response in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12041055. [PMID: 32344685 PMCID: PMC7226373 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12041055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) can distinguish between aggressive and indolent metastatic disease in breast cancer patients and is thus considered an independent, negative prognostic factor. A clear decline in CTCs is observed in patients who respond to systemic therapy. Nevertheless, CTCs can decrease in patients experiencing disease progression during systemic therapy, too. This study aims to determine the differences between CTC decline in patients responding to therapy and those in whom disease is progressing. Therefore, CTC values were compared at the start and after one cycle of a new line of systemic therapy. In all, 108 initially CTC-positive patients (with ≥5 intact CTCs in 7.5 mL blood) were enrolled in this study and intact and apoptotic CTCs were measured via the CellSearch® system. A cut-off analysis was performed using Youden’s J statistics to differentiate between CTC change in the two groups. Here, 64 (59.3%) patients showed stable disease or partial response vs. 44 (40.7%) presenting disease progression. Median overall survival was 23 (range: 4–92) vs. 7 (2–43) months (p < 0.001). Median intact CTC count at enrollment was 15.0 (5–2760) vs. 30.5 (5–200000) cells (p = 0.39) and 2.5 (0–420) vs. 8.5 (0–15000) cells after one cycle of systemic therapy (p = 0.001). Median apoptotic CTC count at enrollment was 10.5 (0–1500) vs. 9 (0–800) cells (p = 0.475) and 1 (0–200) vs. 3 (0–250) cells after one cycle of systemic therapy (p = 0.01). A 50% reduction in baseline apoptotic CTC count represents the optimal cut-off to differentiate between therapy response and disease progression. An apoptotic CTC reduction of ≤10% is 74% specific for early disease progression.
Collapse
|
20
|
Emergence of Circulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Efficacy Biomarkers. Mol Diagn Ther 2020; 24:153-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00447-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
21
|
Cellular and Extracellular Components in Tumor Microenvironment and Their Application in Early Diagnosis of Cancers. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:6283796. [PMID: 32377504 PMCID: PMC7199555 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6283796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are surrounded by complex environmental components, including blood and lymph vessels, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and extracellular matrix. All the stromal components together with the tumor cells form the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, extracellular physical and chemical factors, including extracellular pH, hypoxia, elevated interstitial fluid pressure, and fibrosis, are closely associated with tumor progression, metastasis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. Cellular and extracellular components in TME contribute to nearly all procedures of carcinogenesis. By summarizing the recent work in this field, we make a comprehensive review on the role of cellular and extracellular components in the process of carcinogenesis and their potential application in early diagnosis of cancer. We hope that a systematic review of the diverse aspects of TME will help both research scientists and clinicians in this field.
Collapse
|
22
|
Abdulmawjood B, Roma-Rodrigues C, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Liquid biopsies in myeloid malignancies. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:1044-1061. [PMID: 35582281 PMCID: PMC9019201 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are the most common type of cancer affecting children and young adults, and encompass diseases, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, all of which impact blood associated tissues such as the bone marrow, lymphatic system, and blood cells. Clinical diagnostics of these malignancies relies heavily on the use of bone marrow samples, which is painful, debilitating, and not free from risks for leukemia patients. Liquid biopsies are based on minimally invasive assessment of markers in the blood (and other fluids) and have the potential to improve the efficacy of diagnostic/therapeutic strategies in leukemia patients, providing a useful tool for the real time molecular profiling of patients. The most promising noninvasive biomarkers are circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, microRNAs, and exosomes. Herein, we discuss the role of assessing these circulating biomarkers for the understanding of tumor progression and metastasis, tumor progression dynamics through treatment and for follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Abdulmawjood
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Pedro V Baptista
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Naser Al Deen N, Nassar F, Nasr R, Talhouk R. Cross-Roads to Drug Resistance and Metastasis in Breast Cancer: miRNAs Regulatory Function and Biomarker Capability. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1152:335-364. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Clinical Translatability of "Identified" Circulating miRNAs for Diagnosing Breast Cancer: Overview and Update. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070901. [PMID: 31252695 PMCID: PMC6678980 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective management of patients with breast cancer (BC) depends on the early diagnosis of the disease. Currently, BC diagnosis is based on diagnostic imaging and biopsy, while the use of non-invasive circulating biomarkers for diagnosis remains an unmet need. Among the plethora of proposed non-invasive biomarkers, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered promising diagnostic molecules because they are very stable in biological fluids and easily detectable. Although the discovery of miRNAs has opened a new avenue for their clinical application, the clinical translatability of these molecules remains unclear. This review analyses the role of circulating miRNAs as BC diagnostic biomarkers and focuses on two essential requirements to evaluate their clinical validity: i) Specificity and ii) consistent expression between the blood and tissue. These two issues were analyzed in depth using the Human miRNA Disease Database (HMDD v3.0) and the free search engine PubMed. One hundred and sixty three BC-associated miRNAs were selected and analyzed for their specificity among all human pathologies that shared deregulation (291) and consistent expression in the bloodstream and the tissue. In addition, we provide an overview of the current clinical trials examining miRNAs in BC. In conclusion, we highlight pitfalls in the translatability of circulating miRNAs into clinical practice due to the lack of specificity and a consistent expression pattern between the tissue and blood.
Collapse
|
25
|
Kloten V, Neumann MHD, Di Pasquale F, Sprenger-Haussels M, Shaffer JM, Schlumpberger M, Herdean A, Betsou F, Ammerlaan W, Af Hällström T, Serkkola E, Forsman T, Lianidou E, Sjöback R, Kubista M, Bender S, Lampignano R, Krahn T, Schlange T. Multicenter Evaluation of Circulating Plasma MicroRNA Extraction Technologies for the Development of Clinically Feasible Reverse Transcription Quantitative PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing Analytical Work Flows. Clin Chem 2019; 65:1132-1140. [PMID: 31235535 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2019.303271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In human body fluids, microRNA (miRNA) can be found as circulating cell-free miRNA (cfmiRNA), as well as secreted into extracellular vesicles (EVmiRNA). miRNAs are being intensively evaluated as minimally invasive liquid biopsy biomarkers in patients with cancer. The growing interest in developing clinical assays for circulating miRNA necessitates careful consideration of confounding effects of preanalytical and analytical parameters. METHODS By using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS), we compared extraction efficiencies of 5 different protocols for cfmiRNA and 2 protocols for EVmiRNA isolation in a multicentric manner. The efficiency of the different extraction methods was evaluated by measuring exogenously spiked cel-miR-39 and 6 targeted miRNAs in plasma from 20 healthy individuals. RESULTS There were significant differences between the tested methods. Although column-based extraction methods were highly effective for the isolation of endogenous miRNA, phenol extraction combined with column-based miRNA purification and ultracentrifugation resulted in lower quality and quantity of isolated miRNA. Among all extraction methods, the ubiquitously expressed miR-16 was represented with high abundance when compared with other targeted miRNAs. In addition, the use of miR-16 as an endogenous control for normalization of quantification cycle values resulted in a decreased variability of column-based cfmiRNA extraction methods. Cluster analysis of normalized NGS counts clearly indicated a method-dependent bias. CONCLUSIONS The choice of plasma miRNA extraction methods affects the selection of potential miRNA marker candidates and mechanistic interpretation of results, which should be done with caution, particularly across studies using different protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kloten
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Biomarker Research, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fay Betsou
- Integrated BioBank of Luxembourg, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Wim Ammerlaan
- Integrated BioBank of Luxembourg, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Taija Af Hällström
- AstraZeneca, Espoo, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Orion Pharma, Orion Corporation, Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Mikael Kubista
- TATAA Biocenter AB, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v. v. i., Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Sebastian Bender
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Translational Assay Technology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rita Lampignano
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Biomarker Research, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Thomas Krahn
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Biomarker Research, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlange
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceutical Division, Biomarker Research, Wuppertal, Germany;
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Why the Gold Standard Approach by Mammography Demands Extension by Multiomics? Application of Liquid Biopsy miRNA Profiles to Breast Cancer Disease Management. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122878. [PMID: 31200461 PMCID: PMC6627787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the global context, the epidemic of breast cancer (BC) is evident for the early 21st century. Evidence shows that national mammography screening programs have sufficiently reduced BC related mortality. Therefore, the great utility of the mammography-based screening is not an issue. However, both false positive and false negative BC diagnosis, excessive biopsies, and irradiation linked to mammography application, as well as sub-optimal mammography-based screening, such as in the case of high-dense breast tissue in young females, altogether increase awareness among the experts regarding the limitations of mammography-based screening. Severe concerns regarding the mammography as the “golden standard” approach demanding complementary tools to cover the evident deficits led the authors to present innovative strategies, which would sufficiently improve the quality of the BC management and services to the patient. Contextually, this article provides insights into mammography deficits and current clinical data demonstrating the great potential of non-invasive diagnostic tools utilizing circulating miRNA profiles as an adjunct to conventional mammography for the population screening and personalization of BC management.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lianidou E, Pantel K. Liquid biopsies. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:219-232. [PMID: 30382599 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is based on minimally invasive blood tests and has a high potential to significantly change the therapeutic strategy in cancer patients, providing an extremely powerful and reliable noninvasive clinical tool for the individual molecular profiling of patients in real time. Liquid biopsy approaches include the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating miRNAs, and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are shed from primary tumors and their metastatic sites into peripheral blood. The major advantage of liquid biopsy analysis is that it is minimally invasive, and can be serially repeated, thus allowing extracting information from the tumor in real time. Moreover, the identification of predictive biomarkers in peripheral blood that can monitor response to therapy in real time holds a very strong potential for novel approaches in the therapeutic management of cancer patients. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge on CTCs and ctDNA and discuss future trends in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evi Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Iacona JR, Lutz CS. miR-146a-5p: Expression, regulation, and functions in cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 10:e1533. [PMID: 30895717 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer as we know it is actually an umbrella term for over 100 very unique malignancies in various tissues throughout the human body. Each type, and even subtype of cancer, has different genetic, epigenetic, and other cellular events responsible for malignant development and metastasis. Recent work has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in these processes, sometimes by promoting cancer growth and other times by suppressing tumorigenesis. miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate expression of specific target genes. This review goes into an in-depth look at the most recent finding regarding the significance of one particular miRNA, miR-146a-5p, and its involvement in cancer. Target gene validation and pathway analysis have provided mechanistic insight into this miRNA's purpose in assorted tissues. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings that suggest miR-146a-5p may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several cancers. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Iacona
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the School of Graduate Studies, Health Sciences Campus - Newark, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Carol S Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the School of Graduate Studies, Health Sciences Campus - Newark, Newark, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
microRNA diagnostic panel for Alzheimer's disease and epigenetic trade-off between neurodegeneration and cancer. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 49:125-143. [PMID: 30391753 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their profiles have been analyzed in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain tissue. However, due to the high variability between the reported data, stemming from the lack of methodological standardization and the heterogeneity of AD, the most promising miRNA biomarker candidates have not been selected. Our literature review shows that out of 137 miRNAs found to be altered in AD blood, 36 have been replicated in at least one independent study, and out of 166 miRNAs reported as differential in AD CSF, 13 have been repeatedly found. Only 3 miRNAs have been consistently reported as altered in three analyzed specimens: blood, CSF and the brain (hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-135a). Nonetheless, all 36 repeatedly differential miRNAs in AD blood are promising as components of the diagnostic panel. Given their predicted functions, such miRNA panel may report multiple pathways contributing to AD pathology, enabling the design of personalized therapies. In addition, the analysis revealed that the miRNAs dysregulated in AD overlap highly with miRNAs implicated in cancer. However, the directions of the miRNA changes are usually opposite in cancer and AD, indicative of an epigenetic trade-off between the two diseases.
Collapse
|
30
|
Riemann A, Reime S, Thews O. Acidic extracellular environment affects miRNA expression in tumorsin vitroandin vivo. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1609-1618. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Riemann
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Halle Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Sarah Reime
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Halle Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Oliver Thews
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Halle Halle (Saale) Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ji J, Rong Y, Luo CL, Li S, Jiang X, Weng H, Chen H, Zhang WW, Xie W, Wang FB. Up-Regulation of hsa-miR-210 Promotes Venous Metastasis and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2018; 8:569. [PMID: 30560088 PMCID: PMC6287006 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the potential biomarkers for venous metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and briefly discuss their target genes and the signaling pathways they are involved in. Materials and Method: The dataset GSE6857 was downloaded from GEO. Significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using the R package “limma,” After that, the survival analysis was conducted to discover the significance of these up-regulated miRNAs for the prognosis of HCC patients. Additionally, miRNAs which were up-regulated in venous metastasis positive HCC tissues and were significant for the prognosis of HCC patients were further verified in clinical samples using RT-qPCR. The miRNAs were then analyzed for their correlations with clinical characteristics including survival time, AFP level, pathological grade, TNM stage, tumor stage, lymph-node metastasis, distant metastasis, child-pugh score, vascular invasion, liver fibrosis and race using 375 HCC samples downloaded from the TCGA database. The target genes of these miRNAs were obtained using a miRNA target gene prediction database, and their functions were analyzed using the online tool DAVID. Results: 15 miRNAs were differentially expressed in samples with venous metastasis, among which 7 were up-regulated in venous metastasis positive HCC samples. As one of the up-regulated miRNAs, hsa-miR-210 was identified as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Using RT-qPCR, it was evident that hsa-miR-210 expression was significantly higher in venous metastasis positive HCC samples (p = 0.0036). Further analysis indicated that hsa-miR-210 was positively associated with AFP level, pathological grade, TNM stage, tumor stage and vascular invasion. A total of 168 hsa-miR-210 target genes, which are mainly related to tumor metastasis and tumor signaling pathways, were also predicted in this study. Conclusion: hsa-miR-210 might promote vascular invasion of HCC cells and could be used as a prognostic biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Rong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Liang Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Weng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wu-Wen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fu-Bing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Loss of miR-200c is correlated to advanced cancer-subtypes due to increased EMT and decreased treatment efficacy by chemotherapeutics. As miRNAs regulate a multitude of targets, the analysis of differentially expressed proteins upon a genomic knock-out (KO) is of interest. In this study, we generated a TALENs KO of miR-200c in MCF7 breast cancer cells, excluded its compensation by family-members and evaluated the impact on the proteome by analyzing three individual KO-clones. We identified 26 key proteins and a variety of enrichments in metabolic and cytoskeletal pathways. In six of these targets (AGR2, FLNA/B, ALDH7A1, SCIN, GSTM3) the differential expression was additionally detected at mRNA level. Together, these alterations in protein abundance accounted for the observed biological phenotypes, i.e. increased migration and chemoresistance and altered metabolism, found in the miR-200c-KO clones. These findings provide novel insights into miR-200c and pave the way for further studies.
Collapse
|
33
|
Tan K, Leong SM, Kee Z, Caramat PV, Teo J, Blanco MVM, Koay ESC, Cheong WK, Soh TIP, Yong WP, Pang A. Longitudinal monitoring reveals dynamic changes in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and CTC-associated miRNAs in response to chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Lett 2018. [PMID: 29518480 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the changes in CTC count and CTC-associated miRNAs during the course of chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Blood samples were collected from 9 metastatic colorectal cancer patients prior to chemotherapy and at every other chemotherapy session during the course of treatment. CTCs were isolated and enumerated using a size-exclusion method (CellSievo, Singapore). CTC-associated miRNAs were isolated using a paper-based, partitioning method, and analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (MiRXES, Singapore). CTC count trends generally correlated with disease progression defined by radiological measurements and trends in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels; hence CTC counts may be useful in cases where CEA is not elevated. CTC-associated miRNAs identified were miR-15b, miR-16, miR-19a, miR-21, miR-25, miR-30d, miR-126, miR-185, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-324-5p. The expression of CTC-associated miRNAs did not appear to correlate with CTC count and exhibited inter-individual heterogeneity. This pilot study suggests that analysis of CTC changes during the course of treatment may be useful in monitoring response to therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore.
| | - Sai Mun Leong
- Department of Pathology, National University, Singapore
| | - Zizheng Kee
- Department of Pathology, National University, Singapore
| | | | - James Teo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Wai Kit Cheong
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Angela Pang
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hershkovitz-Rokah O, Geva P, Salmon-Divon M, Shpilberg O, Liberman-Aronov S. Network analysis of microRNAs, genes and their regulation in diffuse and follicular B-cell lymphomas. Oncotarget 2018; 9:7928-7941. [PMID: 29487703 PMCID: PMC5814270 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are short non-coding regulatory RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play an important role in cancer development and progression, acting either as oncogenes or as tumor suppressors. Identification of aberrantly expressed miRs in patients with hematological malignancies as compared to healthy individuals has suggested that these molecules may serve as novel clinical diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. We conducted a systematic literature review of articles published between 2007 and 2017 and re-analyzed experimentally-validated human miR expression signatures in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) from various biological sources (tumor tissue, peripheral blood, bone marrow and cell lines). A unique miR expression pattern was observed for each disease. Compared to healthy individuals, 61 miRs were aberrantly expressed in DLBCL and 85 in FL; 20-30% of aberrantly expressed miRs overlapped between the two lymphoma subtypes. Analysis of integrative positive and negative miRNA-mRNA relationships using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) system revealed 970 miR-mRNA pairs for DLBCL and 90 for FL. Through gene ontology analysis, we found potential regulatory pathways that are deregulated in DLBCL and FL due to improper expression of miR target genes. By comparing the expression level of the aberrantly expressed miRs in DLBCL to their expression levels in other malignancies, we identified seven miRs that are aberrantly expressed in DLBCL tumor tissues (miR-15a, miR-16, miR-17, miR-106, miR-21, miR-155 and miR-34a-5p). This specific expression pattern may be a potential diagnostic tool for DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oshrat Hershkovitz-Rokah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Translational Research Laboratory, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institude of Hematology, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Polina Geva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Mali Salmon-Divon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Ofer Shpilberg
- Translational Research Laboratory, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institude of Hematology, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pre-Medicine Department, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Stella Liberman-Aronov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui L, Markou A, Stratton CW, Lianidou E. Diagnosis and Assessment of Microbial Infections with Host and Microbial MicroRNA Profiles. ADVANCED TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [PMCID: PMC7119978 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-95111-9_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by viral genome or host have been found participating in host-microbe interactions. Differential expression profiles of miRNAs were shown linking to specific disease pathologies which indicated its potency as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers of infectious disease. This was emphasized by the discovery of circulating miRNAs which were found to be remarkably stable in mammalian biofluids. Standardized methods of miRNA quantification including RNA isolation should be established before they will be ready for use in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
36
|
Suh YS, Joung JY, Kim SH, Seo HK, Chung J, Lee KH. Establishment and Application of Prostate Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells in the Era of Precision Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7206307. [PMID: 29230413 PMCID: PMC5694577 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7206307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Additionally, there is concern for overdiagnosis and overtreatment of PC. Thus, selection of an appropriate candidate for active surveillance as well as more accurate and less invasive tools for monitoring advanced PC is required. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as a liquid biopsy tool; there have been several reports on its role, technologies, and applications to various cancers, including PC. Liquid biopsy using CTCs has been gaining attention as a minimal invasive tool for investigation of biomarkers and for prognosis and assessment of response to therapies in patients with PC. Because of the lower invasiveness of liquid biopsy using CTCs, it can be performed more frequently; accordingly, personalized disease status can be successively determined at serial time points. CTC analysis enables detection of genomic alterations, which is drug-targetable, and it is a potential tool for monitoring response to therapeutic agents in patients with PC. This review focuses on the characteristics, technologies for analysis, and advantages and disadvantages of CTCs as a liquid biopsy tool and their application in PC. Finally, we propose future directions of CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Seok Suh
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Joung
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Han Kim
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Seo
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Chung
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
赵 倩, 司 徒, 郑 磊. [Current progress in research of circulating tumor cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1423-1426. [PMID: 29070479 PMCID: PMC6743959 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.10.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells are tumor cells that spontaneously or, following operations, migrate into the peripheral blood circulation from the primary tumor or metastatic tumor. As diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in many types of cancers including breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer, circulating tumor cells contribute to the early diagnosis of cancers, drug resistance monitoring, prognostic assessment, survival analysis, detection of tumor recurrence and evaluation of drug efficacy to assist in treatment decision?making and adjustment of treatment plans. However, the current approaches to the detection of circulating tumor cells still have limitations, and the development of new detection methods with higher sensitivity and specificity will be helpful for better use of these cells. Herein the authors review the research progress in circulating tumor cells in terms of the detection techniques, clinical applications of circulating tumor cells, and their prospects in future clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 倩雯 赵
- />南方医科大学南方医院检验医学科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 徒博 司
- />南方医科大学南方医院检验医学科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 磊 郑
- />南方医科大学南方医院检验医学科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Di Meo A, Bartlett J, Cheng Y, Pasic MD, Yousef GM. Liquid biopsy: a step forward towards precision medicine in urologic malignancies. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:80. [PMID: 28410618 PMCID: PMC5391592 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing trend towards exploring the use of a minimally invasive "liquid biopsy" to identify biomarkers in a number of cancers, including urologic malignancies. Multiple aspects can be assessed in circulating cell-free DNA, including cell-free DNA levels, integrity, methylation and mutations. Other prospective liquid biopsy markers include circulating tumor cells, circulating RNAs (miRNA, lncRNAs and mRNAs), cell-free proteins, peptides and exosomes have also emerged as non-invasive cancer biomarkers. These circulating molecules can be detected in various biological fluids, including blood, urine, saliva and seminal plasma. Liquid biopsies hold great promise for personalized medicine due to their ability to provide multiple non-invasive global snapshots of the primary and metastatic tumors. Molecular profiling of circulating molecules has been a stepping-stone to the successful introduction of several non-invasive multi-marker tests into the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of cell-free DNA-based kidney, prostate and bladder cancer biomarker research and discuss the potential utility other circulating molecules. We will also discuss the challenges and limitations facing non-invasive cancer biomarker discovery and the benefits of this growing area of translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Di Meo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jenni Bartlett
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Maria D Pasic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Xu B, Zhou M, Qiu W, Ye J, Feng Q. CCR7 mediates human breast cancer cell invasion, migration by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppressing apoptosis through AKT pathway. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1062-1071. [PMID: 28378417 PMCID: PMC5430102 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine and the chemokine receptor have a key role in the tumor progress. Here, we supposed that CCR7 might induce the invasion, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of breast cancer. In this research, human breast cancer MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231cells were treated with CCL19 and small‐interfering RNA (CCR7 siRNA) for activation and inhibition of CCR7, respectively. Cell invasion and transwell assays were used to detect the effect of CCR7 on invasion and migration. The results demonstrated that CCL19 mediated cell invasion and migration by inducing the EMT, with downregulation of E‐cadherin and up‐regulation of N‐cadherin and vimentin levels. On the other hand, knockdown of CCR7 revealed the changes compared with CCL19 group and the control group. Knockdown of CCR7 inhibits CCL19‐induced breast cancer cell proliferation, the cell cycle, migration, invasion and EMT. Moreover, we demonstrated that CCL19‐induced AKT phosphorylation; however, CCR7 siRNA suppressed CCL19‐induced AKT phosphorylation, a key regulator of tumor metastasis. In conclusion, all findings demonstrated that CCL19/CCR7 axis regulated EMT progress in breast cancer cells and mediated the tumor cell invasion and migration process via activation of AKT signal pathway. Our results suggested that CCR7 may regard as a therapeutic target for the breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Minjie Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wencai Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jueming Ye
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qiming Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jafri MA, Al-Qahtani MH, Shay JW. Role of miRNAs in human cancer metastasis: Implications for therapeutic intervention. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 44:117-131. [PMID: 28188828 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the spread and growth of localized cancer to new locations in the body and is considered the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Metastatic cancer cells display distinct genomic and epigenomic profiles and almost universally an aggressive pathophysiology. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulation of metastasis, including how metastatic tumors grow and survive in the nascent niche and the interactions of the emergent metastatic cancer cells within the local microenvironment may provide tools to design strategies to restrict metastatic dissemination. Aberrant microRNAs (miRNA) expression has been reported in metastatic cancer cells. MicroRNAs are known to regulate divergent and/or convergent metastatic gene pathways including activation of reprogramming switches during metastasis. An in-depth understanding of role of miRNAs in the metastatic cascade may lead to the identification of novel targets for anti-metastatic therapeutics as well as potential candidate miRNAs for cancer treatment. This review primarily focuses on the role of miRNAs in the mechanisms of cancer metastasis as well as implications for metastatic cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alam Jafri
- Center of Excellence for Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jerry William Shay
- Center of Excellence for Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Leong SM, Tan KML, Chua HW, Huang MC, Cheong WC, Li MH, Tucker S, Koay ESC. Paper-Based MicroRNA Expression Profiling from Plasma and Circulating Tumor Cells. Clin Chem 2017; 63:731-741. [PMID: 28073899 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.264432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) holds great promise for monitoring metastatic progression and characterizing metastatic disease. However, leukocyte and red blood cell contamination of routinely isolated CTCs makes CTC-specific molecular characterization extremely challenging. METHODS Here we report the use of a paper-based medium for efficient extraction of microRNAs (miRNAs) from limited amounts of biological samples such as rare CTCs harvested from cancer patient blood. Specifically, we devised a workflow involving the use of Flinders Technology Associates (FTA)® Elute Card with a digital PCR-inspired "partitioning" method to extract and purify miRNAs from plasma and CTCs. RESULTS We demonstrated the sensitivity of this method to detect miRNA expression from as few as 3 cancer cells spiked into human blood. Using this method, background miRNA expression was excluded from contaminating blood cells, and CTC-specific miRNA expression profiles were derived from breast and colorectal cancer patients. Plasma separated out during purification of CTCs could likewise be processed using the same paper-based method for miRNA detection, thereby maximizing the amount of patient-specific information that can be derived from a single blood draw. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this paper-based extraction method enables an efficient, cost-effective workflow for maximized recovery of small RNAs from limited biological samples for downstream molecular analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Mun Leong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NUH, Singapore, Singapore; .,Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Hui Wen Chua
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mo-Chao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NUH, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Steven Tucker
- Tucker Medical, Novena Specialist Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn Siew-Chuan Koay
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NUH, Singapore, Singapore; .,Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chang JTH, Wang F, Chapin W, Huang RS. Identification of MicroRNAs as Breast Cancer Prognosis Markers through the Cancer Genome Atlas. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168284. [PMID: 27959953 PMCID: PMC5154569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second-most common cancer and second-leading cause of cancer mortality in American women. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a key role in almost all cancers, including breast cancer. We comprehensively analyzed miRNA expression, global gene expression, and patient survival from the Cancer Genomes Atlas (TCGA) to identify clinically relevant miRNAs and their potential gene targets in breast tumors. In our analysis, we found that increased expression of 12 mature miRNAs-hsa-miR-320a, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-103a-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-374b-5p, hsa-miR-140-3p, hsa-miR-25-3p, hsa-miR-651-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-30a-5p, hsa-miR-30c-5p, and hsa-let-7i-5p -each predicted improved breast cancer survival. Of the 12 miRNAs, miR-320a, miR-361-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-103a-3p were selected for further analysis. By correlating global gene expression with miRNA expression and then employing miRNA target prediction analysis, we suggest that the four miRNAs may exert protective phenotypes by targeting breast oncogenes that contribute to patient survival. We propose that miR-320a targets the survival-associated genes RAD51, RRP1B, and TDG; miR-361-5p targets ARCN1; and miR-21-5p targets MSH2, RMND5A, STAG2, and UBE2D3. The results of our stringent bioinformatics approach for identifying clinically relevant miRNAs and their targets indicate that miR-320a, miR-361-5p, and miR-21-5p may contribute to breast cancer survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy T-H. Chang
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - William Chapin
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - R. Stephanie Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Somarelli JA, Ware KE, Kostadinov R, Robinson JM, Amri H, Abu-Asab M, Fourie N, Diogo R, Swofford D, Townsend JP. PhyloOncology: Understanding cancer through phylogenetic analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1867:101-108. [PMID: 27810337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research and an enormity of resultant data, cancer remains a significant public health problem. New tools and fresh perspectives are needed to obtain fundamental insights, to develop better prognostic and predictive tools, and to identify improved therapeutic interventions. With increasingly common genome-scale data, one suite of algorithms and concepts with potential to shed light on cancer biology is phylogenetics, a scientific discipline used in diverse fields. From grouping subsets of cancer samples to tracing subclonal evolution during cancer progression and metastasis, the use of phylogenetics is a powerful systems biology approach. Well-developed phylogenetic applications provide fast, robust approaches to analyze high-dimensional, heterogeneous cancer data sets. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Evolutionary principles - heterogeneity in cancer?, edited by Dr. Robert A. Gatenby.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Somarelli
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
| | - Kathryn E Ware
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Rumen Kostadinov
- Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Robinson
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, United States; Digestive Disorders Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Hakima Amri
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, United States
| | - Mones Abu-Asab
- Section of Ultrastructural Biology, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Nicolaas Fourie
- Digestive Disorders Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Rui Diogo
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, United States
| | - David Swofford
- Department of Biology, Duke University Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Townsend
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, United States; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, United States; Department of Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, United States.
| |
Collapse
|